blood oxygenation level dependent (bold) noise and ... · (bold) noise and behavior maurizio...
TRANSCRIPT
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Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) noise and behavior
Maurizio Corbetta
Washington University St.Louis
attention and brain recovery labDepartment of Neurology, Radiology, Anatomy and Neurobiology
Cold Spring Harbor April 3-6, 2011
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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Blood FlowGlucoseUtilization
OxygenUtilization
OxygenAvailabilityor BOLD
Brain imaging 1985-2005
Fox and Raichle, 1986Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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Stimulation Control
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ON OFF ON OFF ON
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BRAIN2% body weight
20% body energy
anatomy functionSibson et al. 1997, 1998; Shulman et al. 2001, 2004; Ames 2000, Attwell & Laughlin 2001, Lennie 2003, Wong-Riley 1989
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BRAIN2% body weight
20% body energy
anatomy functionSibson et al. 1997, 1998; Shulman et al. 2001, 2004; Ames 2000, Attwell & Laughlin 2001, Lennie 2003, Wong-Riley 1989
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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BRAIN Task-evoked activityBRAIN
2% body weight20% body energy
anatomy functionSibson et al. 1997, 1998; Shulman et al. 2001, 2004; Ames 2000, Attwell & Laughlin 2001, Lennie 2003, Wong-Riley 1989
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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BRAIN Task-evoked activity
Spontaneous activity70-80% of which 90% signaling
BRAIN2% body weight
20% body energy
anatomy functionSibson et al. 1997, 1998; Shulman et al. 2001, 2004; Ames 2000, Attwell & Laughlin 2001, Lennie 2003, Wong-Riley 1989
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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Resting state functional MRI (Washington University, St. Louis)Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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Hacker, Leuthardt, Corbetta unpublishedTuesday, May 24, 2011
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He et al., PNAS 2008
BOLD functional connectivitymay correlate with slow cortical potentials (<0.5 Hz) and low frequency fluctuations of gamma band limited power
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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fMRI temporal correlation (functional connectivity)in the motor network
Biswal, Magn.Res.Imag.Medicine,1996Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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fMRI temporal correlation (functional connectivity)in the motor network
Biswal, Magn.Res.Imag.Medicine,1996Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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fMRI temporal correlation (functional connectivity)in the motor network
Biswal, Magn.Res.Imag.Medicine,1996Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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Dorsal and Ventral Attention Networks
Corbetta & Shulman, Ann.Rev.Neurosci. 2011
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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Dorsal and Ventral Attention Networks
Corbetta & Shulman, Ann.Rev.Neurosci. 2011
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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Dorsal and Ventral Attention Networks
Corbetta & Shulman, Ann.Rev.Neurosci. 2011
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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Dorsal and Ventral Attention Networks
Corbetta & Shulman, Ann.Rev.Neurosci. 2011
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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AG
mPFCPCC
Perceptual search-‐related BOLD deac8va8ons
L R
Lateral
Medial
Z score-‐5 -‐3
Memory search-‐related BOLD ac8va8ons
L R
AG
mPFCPCC
Z score 3 5-‐5 -‐3
Default-mode networkEpisodic memory
Fox, et al. (2005) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102, 9673-9678Sestieri, et al. (2011) J.Neurosci.
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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AG
mPFCPCC
Perceptual search-‐related BOLD deac8va8ons
L R
Lateral
Medial
Z score-‐5 -‐3
Memory search-‐related BOLD ac8va8ons
L R
AG
mPFCPCC
Z score 3 5-‐5 -‐3
Default-mode networkEpisodic memory
Fox, et al. (2005) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102, 9673-9678Sestieri, et al. (2011) J.Neurosci.
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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About 90% cerebral cortex is organized in networks of spontaneous activity
3T ICA separation
Mantini & Corbetta, unpublished
dorsal attentionventral attentiondefault-mode
auditoryvisual
somatomotorlanguage
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Functional connectivity in macaque and mouse
Vincent et al. Nature 2007
Culver et al. PLOS 2011dorsal attention default
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Summary
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Spontaneous activity is organized in large-scale spatiotemporal patterns (or functional connectivity) that resemble functional networks recruited during tasks.
Summary
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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Spontaneous activity is organized in large-scale spatiotemporal patterns (or functional connectivity) that resemble functional networks recruited during tasks.
Functional connectivity is a higher probability state to which the cortex goes back at rest.
Summary
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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Spontaneous activity is organized in large-scale spatiotemporal patterns (or functional connectivity) that resemble functional networks recruited during tasks.
Functional connectivity is a higher probability state to which the cortex goes back at rest.
Origin of spontaneous activity correlation patterns?
Summary
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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Spontaneous activity is organized in large-scale spatiotemporal patterns (or functional connectivity) that resemble functional networks recruited during tasks.
Functional connectivity is a higher probability state to which the cortex goes back at rest.
Origin of spontaneous activity correlation patterns?Anatomy vs. Function?
Summary
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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BOLD functional connectivity:a physiological index of anatomical connectivity?
Hagman et al. PLOS 2008Honey et al PNAS 2009
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BOLD functional connectivity:a physiological index of anatomical connectivity?
Hagman et al. PLOS 2008Honey et al PNAS 2009
Gosh et al. PLOS 2008; Jirsa et al. JNeurosci 2009; Deco et al PNAS 2010; McIntosh & Deco, Nature
Rev.Neurosci. 2011
Connectome + delays generates spontaneous fluctuations
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Honey et al. PNAS 2009
Structural connectivity (SC) does not predict resting state functional connectivity (rsFC)
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Anatomical Connectivity
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Anatomical Connectivity
FunctionalConnectivity
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• New patterns of covariance reflecting prior experience
• Strength of covariance change related to behavioral performance
• Functional connectivity as a potential correlate of predisposition and individual variability
If functional connectivity networks are not simply hard-wired, but partly reflect
the history of prior activation (fire-wire), then training should ‘sculpt’ the
functional architecture at rest
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Target Presentation
Array Presentation
Fixation Spot
TrainedVisual Quadrant
Trained Shape
Paradigm and behavior
Lewis et al. PNAS 2009
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Training specific for the location and target shape
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Training specific for the location and target shape
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Training specific for the location and target shape
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Design
fMRI localizer
visual cortexperceptual learning fMRI taskfMRI rest 1 fMRI rest 2
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Design
fMRI localizer
visual cortexperceptual learning fMRI task
Visual cortex
fMRI rest 1 fMRI rest 2
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Design
fMRI localizer
visual cortexperceptual learning fMRI task
Visual cortexTrained-novel shapes
fMRI rest 1 fMRI rest 2
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Lewis et al. PNAS 2009
Task-evoked activity: learning enhances retinotopic activity for trained over novel target
trained shapesnovel shapes
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Pre-Post
att.vis. unatt.vis. DAN DMN
Pre-learning Post-learning
DAN &attendedVis.Cx
DMN &unattended
Vis.Cx
att.vis. unatt.vis. DAN DMN att.vis. unatt.vis. DAN DMN
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Pre-Post
att.vis. unatt.vis. DAN DMN
Pre-learning Post-learning
DAN &attendedVis.Cx
DMN &unattended
Vis.Cx
att.vis. unatt.vis. DAN DMN att.vis. unatt.vis. DAN DMN
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%B
OL
D c
han
ge%
BO
LD
ch
an
ge
MR frames
Trained Visual Cortex
FEF
Lewis et al PNAS 2009
PRE-LEARNINGno correlation
POST-LEARNINGnegative correlation
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%B
OL
D c
han
ge%
BO
LD
ch
an
ge
MR frames
Trained Visual Cortex
FEF
Lewis et al PNAS 2009
PRE-LEARNINGno correlation
POST-LEARNINGnegative correlation
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Trained Visual Cortex
RFEFLFEF
RSPL
Untrained Visual CortexUntrained
Visual Cortex
Untrained Visual Cortex RAngG
RpCingLpCing
LmPFC
Learning-dependent changes in functional connectivity
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Trained Visual Cortex
RFEFLFEF
RSPL
Untrained Visual CortexUntrained
Visual Cortex
Untrained Visual Cortex RAngG
RpCingLpCing
LmPFC
Learning-dependent changes in functional connectivity
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post<prepost>pre
right V3A/LO-to-right FEF right V1-V3-to-right FEF
right FEF-to-right V1-V3 right FEF-to-right LO
decrease GCincrease GC
post-learningBottom-up:
decreased V1/V2>FEF increased V3A/LO>FEF
Top-dow:increased FEF>V1/V2decreaed FEF>V3/LO
decrease GCincrease GC
post-learning
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post<prepost>pre
right V3A/LO-to-right FEF right V1-V3-to-right FEF
right FEF-to-right V1-V3 right FEF-to-right LO
decrease GCincrease GC
post-learningBottom-up:
decreased V1/V2>FEF increased V3A/LO>FEF
Top-dow:increased FEF>V1/V2decreaed FEF>V3/LO
decrease GCincrease GC
post-learning
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Summary
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Perceptual learning induces specific (retinotopic, regional) modulations of both task-evoked and resting functional connectivity.
Summary
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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Perceptual learning induces specific (retinotopic, regional) modulations of both task-evoked and resting functional connectivity.
Both task-evoked and functional connectivity changes correlate with stronger learning, and are consistent psychophysically with the development of a template for the target.
Summary
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Perceptual learning induces specific (retinotopic, regional) modulations of both task-evoked and resting functional connectivity.
Both task-evoked and functional connectivity changes correlate with stronger learning, and are consistent psychophysically with the development of a template for the target.
Functional connectivity may represents a prior for recruitment of task-specific cortical circuitries (predisposition).
Summary
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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Perceptual learning induces specific (retinotopic, regional) modulations of both task-evoked and resting functional connectivity.
Both task-evoked and functional connectivity changes correlate with stronger learning, and are consistent psychophysically with the development of a template for the target.
Functional connectivity may represents a prior for recruitment of task-specific cortical circuitries (predisposition).
Learning-dependent changes in functional connectivity may underlie a systems level memory of task activation (Perception: Lewis et al, 2009; Motor: Albert et al 2009; Memory: Tambini et al 2010).
Summary
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Functional connectivityand individual predisposition
Baldassare et al Current Biology in press
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Functional connectivity (FC) & Early Accuracy
FC pre-learningone region
FC pre-learningall regions
Task-evoked post-learning
FC pre-learning & accuracy
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Functional connectivity (FC) & Early Accuracy
FC pre-learningone region
FC pre-learningall regions
Task-evoked post-learning
FC pre-learning & accuracy
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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Functional connectivity (FC) & Early Accuracy
FC pre-learningone region
FC pre-learningall regions
Task-evoked post-learning
FC pre-learning & accuracy
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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Functional connectivity (FC) & Early Accuracy
FC pre-learningone region
FC pre-learningall regions
Task-evoked post-learning
FC pre-learning & accuracy
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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Functional connectivity (FC) & Early Accuracy
FC pre-learningone region
FC pre-learningall regions
Task-evoked post-learning
FC pre-learning & accuracy
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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Local vs. behaviorally relevant functional connectivity (FC)
Local FCVisual Cortex
FC-BehaviorVisual Cortex
Local FCAuditory Cortex
FC-BehaviorAuditory Cortex
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Local vs. behaviorally relevant functional connectivity (FC)
Local FCVisual Cortex
FC-BehaviorVisual Cortex
Local FCAuditory Cortex
FC-BehaviorAuditory Cortex
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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Local vs. behaviorally relevant functional connectivity (FC)
Local FCVisual Cortex
FC-BehaviorVisual Cortex
Local FCAuditory Cortex
FC-BehaviorAuditory Cortex
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Functional connectivity (FC) & Overall SensitivityFC pre-learning
one regionFC pre-learning
all regions
Task-evoked post-learning
FC pre-learning & sensitivity
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Functional connectivity (FC) & Overall SensitivityFC pre-learning
one regionFC pre-learning
all regions
Task-evoked post-learning
FC pre-learning & sensitivity
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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Functional connectivity (FC) & Overall SensitivityFC pre-learning
one regionFC pre-learning
all regions
Task-evoked post-learning
FC pre-learning & sensitivity
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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Summary
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Functional connectivity may represent a prior for recruitment of task-specific cortical circuitries (predisposition).
Summary
Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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Functional connectivity may represent a prior for recruitment of task-specific cortical circuitries (predisposition).
-positive correlation between cognitive functions (language, memory, saliency, intelligence)(Hampson et al. 2006, 2007; Kelley et al 2008).
Summary
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Functional connectivity may represent a prior for recruitment of task-specific cortical circuitries (predisposition).
-positive correlation between cognitive functions (language, memory, saliency, intelligence)(Hampson et al. 2006, 2007; Kelley et al 2008).
The relationship with learning or predisposition indicates a potential link with synaptic mechanisms of plasticity.
Summary
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Current Biology, 2009
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Acknowledgments
NINDS, NIMH, McDonnell FoundationEU Marie Curie Chair @ ITAB University of Chieti Italy
AttentionTony JackChad SylvesterGaurav PatelSerguei Astafiev
Gordon ShulmanMarcus RaichleAvi Snyder
FcMRI healthy-strokeMike FoxBiyu HeAlex Carter
Gian Luca RomaniCosimo Del GrattaClaudio Babiloni
fMRI-EEGDante MantiniGianni Perrucci
FcMRI LearningChris LewisAntonello Baldassare
TMS-EEGPaolo Capotosto
St.LouisChieti
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Functional connectivity & development
Fair et al PLOS 2009Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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Development of core task set and dorsal attention network(age 7-27)
Fair et al., PNAS, 2007
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Hippocampal replay
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III. Facilitation of neural communication
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Behavioral performance follows phase of infra-slow EEG
Monto et al. JNeurosci 08Tuesday, May 24, 2011
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Slow (0.1 Hz) MEG power fluctuations correlate between distant cortical regions
(De Pasquale et al., PNAS in press)
fMRI
MEGstat
MEGnon stat
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43
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He et al.Neuron, 2007
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He et al.Neuron, 2007
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He et al.Neuron, 2007
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He et al.Neuron, 2007
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1012 neurons
Total number of synapses in the cerebral cortex~2x1016
inputs5-10x103
outputs5-10x103
Optic nerve:5-10x109
synapses
Corticospinaltract:
5-10x109
synapsesTuesday, May 24, 2011
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1012 neurons
Total number of synapses in the cerebral cortex~2x1016
inputs5-10x103
outputs5-10x103
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1012 neurons
Total number of synapses in the cerebral cortex~2x1016
inputs5-10x103
outputs5-10x103
0.1 pixel
Cortical synapses=198,000 pixels
Optic nerve CST
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