blood types the abo system rh factor. circulatory system carries blood with oxygen and nutrients to...
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Blood Types
The ABO System
Rh Factor
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Circulatory SystemCarries blood with oxygen and nutrients to all cells
in the body (also called the cardiovascular system)
The main organ is the heart
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Components (parts) of Blood
Plasma-• Liquid part of blood• Made of 90% water
White Blood Cells-
* fights infections and germs
* Fancy name: leukocyte
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Components (parts) of Blood
Platelets
• Aid in clotting blood (stops bleeding)
• Release fibrin that make a web like covering at the site of the wound
• When the fibrin dries up it forms a scab on the outside of the cut
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Components (parts) of Blood
Red Blood Cells – • Made in the bone marrow• carry oxygen and other
nutrients • contain hemoglobin that
reacts with oxygen to give the bright red color
• carry special sugars and proteins called antigens:
A and B (and D)
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The ABO System
• RBC’s carry special sugars and proteins at the surface called antigens, which is where we get the names for our blood types.
• Only similar sugars and proteins can mix together.
Blood Type
Antigen
A
B
AB
O
A
B
A and B
No antigens
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The ABO System
Who can receive from who????
Universal Donor –
Type O(universal donor means able to give to any other type)
Universal Receiver -
Type AB(universal receiver means able to receive
from any other blood type)
Blood
Type
Receive from
Donate to
A(Antigen A)
B(Antigen B)
AB(Antigen A
and B)
O (No antigens)
A O
OB
A AB
B AB
ABAB,
B,A,
O
OAB, O
B,A,
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The Rh Factor
Many studies were done on a species of Monkey called the Rhesus Monkey. It was determined that their blood carried a protein that was in human blood also…antigen D.
Antigen D is known asthe Rhesus Factor.Aka…Rh factor
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The Rh Factor
• Rh factor is indicated by using + or – signs.• Positive means you have antigen D• Negative means you don’t!
EX: A+, A-
** Positive can get from + and -
**Negative can get from –
** Positives can only give to positives!
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The Rh Factor…
Blood Type Antigens
A+
A-
B+
B-
AB+
AB-
O+
O-
Which blood type would be able to donate to any other blood type?
(O-)
Why?
(has no antigens)
Which blood type can receive from any other?
(AB+)
Why?
(has all antigens)
A and D
A
B and D
B
A B D
A B
D
none
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Did you know that….• Almost 40% of the population has O+ blood
• Patients with Type O blood must receive Type O blood
• About half of all blood ordered by hospitals in our area is Type O
• Type O blood is the universal blood type and is the only blood type that can be transfused to patients with other blood types
• Only about 7% of all people have Type O negative blood
• Type O negative blood is the preferred type for accident victims and babies needing exchange transfusions
• There is always a need for Type O donors because their blood may be transfused to a person of any blood type in an emergency
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Out of 100 donors…..
84 donors are RH+
16 donors are RH-
** 38 are O+ 7 are O-
34 are A+ 6 are A-
9 are B+ 2 are B-
3 are AB+ *1 is AB-
** indicates most common in US* Indicates least common in US