bls_1179_1955.pdf

Factory Workers' Earnings:

T D istributions bystraight-tim e hourly earn in g sAPRIL 1954

V

IDUB

Bulletin No. 1179

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell , Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR S T A T IST IC S A r y n e s s Jo y W ickens , Act ing C o m m iss io n e r

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

Factory Workers EARNINGS:

Distributions by straight-time hourly earnings,April 1954

United States

Reg io ns

D u rab le Goods

N o n d u ra b le G o o d s

Men

W om en

B L S Bu l le t in No. 1179Issued March 1955

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABORJam es P. M itch e l l , S e c re ta ry

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Arynoss Joy Wickens, Acting Commissioner

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. $. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C. Price 25 centsDigitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

CONTENTSPage

Sum m ary______________________ 1A ll manufacturing industries _____________________________________________________ 1Durable and nondurable goods _________ __________________________________________ 3Earnings of men and w om en ______________________________________________________ 5Earnings in selected industry groups ___________________________________________ 7Changes in wage levels since 1947_______________________________________________ 7

TABLES:

Distribution of production workers by hourly earnings United States and regions, A p ril 1954

1. A ll manufacturing - Number and cumulative number of w o rk e rs _____ 142. A ll manufacturing - Percen t and cumulative percent of w o rk e rs ____ 153. Durable-and nondurable-goods industries - Number of w o rk ers______ 164. Durable-and nondurable-goods industries - Percen t of w o rk e rs______ 175. A ll manufacturing (men) - Percen t and cumulative percent of

workers ___________________________________________________________________ 186. A ll manufacturing (women) - Percent and cumulative percent of

workers ___________________________________________________________________ 197. A ll manufacturing (men) - Number and cumulative number of

workers _______________________________________ 208. A ll manufacturing (women) - Number and cumulative number of

workers ___________________________________________________________________ 219. Durable-goods industries - Number of men and women _______ -_______ 22

10. Durable-goods industries - Percen t of men and w om en ________________ 2311. Nondurable-goods industries - Number of men and w om en___________ 2412. Nondurable-goods industries - Percen t of men and w om en ___________ 2513. Selected industry groups - Percen t of w o rk e rs ------------------------------- 26

Number and average hourly earnings of production workers United States and regions, A p r il 1954

14. A ll manufacturing by sex, and by selected industry g rou p s-------------- 31

CHARTS:

1. Percentages of production workers in manufacturing earning lessthan specified amounts per hour, A p r il 1954 --------------------------------- 2

2. Distribution of production workers in manufacturing by hourlyearnings, A p ril 1954--------------------------------------- 4

3. Cumulative distributions of production workers in manufacturing byhourly earnings, A p ril 1954 -------------------------------------------------------- 9

4. Cumulative percentage distributions of production workers inmanufacturing by hourly earnings, A p r il 1954 ------------------------------ 10

5. Earnings of production workers in manufacturing, A p r il 1954 --------- 116. Cumulative percentage distributions of production workers in

durable-goods and nondurable-goods manufacturing by hourly ^earnings, A p r il 1954-------------------------------------------------------------------

7. Cumulative percentage distributions of men and women productionworkers in manufacturing by hourly earnings, A p r il 1954-------------- 13

APPEND IX

Scope and method of study 32


Factory W o rk e rs 'E a rnings: Distributions by Straight-Tim e Hourly Earnings,

A pril 1954 J J

Summary

The United States Department of L a b o r s Bureau o f Labor Statistics provides in this report the results o f a broad su rvey2 of the straight-tim e hourly earnings (exclusive o f premium pay fo r overtim e and work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts) of factory workers in the United States.

The survey provides information on the number of factory workers in various wage intervals between 75 cents and $3 an hour. Nationwide, an estim ated 380,000 factory workers , or 3 percent o f the total, earned less than 80 cents an hour; 817,000, or 6.5 percent, under 90 cents; 1,282,000, or 10.2 percent, under $1; and 2,823,000, or 22.4 percent, under $1.25. The upper 2 5 percent of the factory labor fo rce earned $2 or m ore an hour.

Earnings distributions d iffered among the 4 broad regions adopted fo r this study. Thus, the proportion o f factory workers earning less than 90 cents an hour was 1.1 percent in the Far West, 2.3 percent in the M iddle West, 4.1 percent in the Northeast, and 20e2 percent in the South (chart 1).

Average hourly earnings, exclusive of premium pay fo r overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts, were recorded as fo llows: Nationwide, $1.68; FarWest, $1.94; M iddle West, $1.80; Northeast, $1.67; and South, $1.36.

Pay leve ls w ere higher in durable-goods industries as a group than in nondurable- goods industries; within each of these groups the leve l of earnings fo r men exceeded the leve l fo r women. Proportions of workers earning less than 90 cents an hour were: Durablegoods, a ll w orkers 4.2 percent, men 3.9 percent, women 6.0 percent; and nondurablegoods, a ll w orkers 9.7 percent, men 4.2 percent, women 18.4 percent.

Hourly averages and the proportions of workers at low er earnings leve ls varied greatly among 12 industry groups examined separately. In half of these groups, few er than 5 percent of the workers earned less than 90 cents an hour in A p r il 1954; the la rgest p ro portion (2 5 percent) was found in the lumber and furniture products group.

A ll manufacturing industries

The m ore than I 2 V2 m illion production workers employed in manufacturing industries in A p ril 1954 were distributed among m ore than 200,000 establishments in 469 separate industries.3 Substantial d ifferences exist among these establishments and industries in the types of labor skills u tilized, proportions of men and women employed, and the ex tent to which wage incentive plans are in effect. Numerous surveys of occupational earn ings conducted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics over a period of years have revealed in tra industry as w ell as interindustry d ifferences in wage leve ls within labor m arkets. S im ila rly , in terregional d ifferences in pay fo r work in comparable jobs and industries also exist. These are among the factors re flected in the spread in earnings as shown in the distributions and averages presented in the accompanying tables and charts.

Approxim ately one-fourth of the 12,590,000 production workers earned less than $1.30 an hour, half earned between $1.30 and $2, and the upper fourth earned $2 or m ore. About 23,000 w orkers, or 0.2 percent of the total workers employed, earned less than the 75-cent Federa l minimum w age .4 Cumulatively, 380,000 w orkers, or 3 percent of the total,

1 Prepared in the Bureau s D ivision of Wages and Industrial Relations. The statistical and sampling techniques were developed by Samuel E. Cohen and Theodore Golonka; the analytical work was under the supervision o f Toivo P . Kanninen, assisted by L . E arl L ew is .

2 See description of Scope and Method of Study, p. 32.3 The Standard Industrial C lassification Manual (Novem ber 1945 edition), prepared by

the Bureau of the Budget, lists 469 industries under 21 m ajor groups.4 Some manufacturing establishments, such as small logging camps, are not covered

by the F a ir Labor Standards Act. P rov is ion is also made in the Act fo r exempting, under certain conditions, learners, apprentices, and handicapped w orkers.

1


Chart 1. PERCENTAGES OF PRODUCTION WORKERS IN MANUFACTURINGEARNING LESS THAN SPECIFIED AMOUNTS PER HOUR,* APRIL 1954

United States

Under

Under

Under

Under

Under

4 0r

Under 80 Cents

Under 90 Cents

Under $1

Under $1.25

Under $1.50

NORTHEASTPERCENT

30 40

Under 80 Cents

Under 90 Cents

Under $1

Under $1.25

Under $1.50

MIDDLE WESTPERCENT

10 20

Under 80 Cents

Under 90 Cents

Under $1

Under $1.25

Under $1.50

SOUTHPERCENT

3 0 4 0

Under 80 Cents

Under 90 Cents

Under $1

Under $1.25

Under $1.50

FAR WESTPERCENT

10 20 30

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABORBUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS

* Hourly earnings excluding premium pay for overtimeand for w ork on weekends, ho lidays, and late shifts.Digitized for FRASER

http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

3earned less than 80 cents; 817,000, or 6. 5 percent, under 90 cents; and 1,282,000, or 10.2 percent, under $1 (tables 1 and 2). Particu lar in terest attaches to the 90-cent figure in view of the recommendation of P residen t Eisenhower in his State o f the Union message of January 6, 1955, fo r an increase in the statutory minimum wage o f 75 cents to 90 cents an hour.

F o r purposes of this study, the 48 States and the D istrict of Columbia were grouped into four broad re g io n s .5 The 9 Northeastern States accounted fo r 4,498,000 production w orkers, or 36 percent o f the nationwide total. Employment in the South 16 States and the D istric t of Columbia aggregated 2,564,000, or 20 percent of the total. Tw elve M idwestern States accounted for 4,3 78,000 w orkers, or 35 percent of the total, and 11 States in the F a r West accounted fo r 1,150,000 w orkers, or 9 percent.

The proportions of factory workers earning less than any given amount varied s ig nificantly among the regions particu larly at the low er leve ls of earnings. Thus, the p ro portion of factory workers earning less than 90 cents an hour was 1.1 percent in the Far W est, 2.3 percent in the Middle West, 4.1 percent in the Northeast, and 20.2 percent in the South. Of the 817,000 workers earning less than 90 cents an hour in A p r il 1954, 12,000 w ere employed in the Far West, 100,000 in the M iddle West, 186,000 in the Northeast, and 519,000 in the South. Although the South accounted fo r only 20 percent of the total production-worker employment in factories , it accounted fo r 64 percent of a ll factory workers in the Nation earning less than 90 cents an hour. Among those earning less than $ 1 an hour about 60 percent were found in the South (chart 2).

These variations in the regional distribution of workers by straight-tim e earnings are re flected in regional differences in the general leve l of earnings. As already indicated, in manufacturing as a whole, production workers averaged $1.68 an hour, exclusive of p r e mium pay fo r overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. The c o r r e s ponding regional averages were $1.94 in the Far West, $1.80 in the Middle West, $1.67 in the Northeast, and $1.36 in the South.

Except in the South and Northeast, median earnings (the amount below and above which 50 percent of the workers were found) did not d iffer significantly from the weighted averages (means) cited above (chart 5). Thus, fo r manufacturing as a whole, the median was $1.67, only 1 cent below the mean; in the F a r West, the median ($1 .92) was 2 cents below the mean; in the M idwest area the two figures were approxim ately the same. In the Northeast, however, the median ($1 .62 ) was 5 cents below the mean and in the South, the median ($1.25) was 11 cents below.

The divergences between mean and median in the South, and to a lesse r extent in the Northeast, are due principally to the industrial composition of these areas, coupled with the 75-cent legal lim it below which wages generally are not perm itted to fa ll. F o r example, in the re la tive ly low-wage industries in the South, such as lumber, large groups of workers are concentrated at or near the legal minimum, whereas in higher wage southern industries the proportions of workers are m ore evenly distributed over a com paratively wide range. By contrast, the distributions of earnings in the Middle West and Fa r West are characterized by the lack of any concentration at or near the legal minimum, and in general by grea ter sym m etry.

Durable and nondurable goods

Durable-goods industries as a group had a higher wage leve l than nondurable-goods industries. Nationwide, the 7,309,000 durable-goods workers averaged $1.78 an hour com pared with $1.54 for the 5,281,000 workers in nondurable-goods plants. 6 Among durable- goods workers, a fourth earned less than $1.50, half earned between $1.50 and $2.05, and the rem ainder, $2.05 or m ore an hour. Slightly less than a fourth of the nondurable-goods workers earned less than $1.10, half earned between $1.10 and $1.85, and the remainder earned $1.85 or m ore (tables 3 and 4).

5 For listing of states in each region, see Scope and Method of Study, p. 33.6 See footnote 1 to table 3 fo r listing of durable- and nondurable-goods manufacturing

industries. 4


Chari 2. DISTRIBUTION OF PRODUCTION WORKERS IN MANUFACTURINGBy Hourly Earnings,* APRIL 1954

HOURLY EARNINGS

UNDER $1

$1 and under $1.25

$1.25 and under $1.50

$1.50 and under $1.75

$1.75 and under $2

$2 and under $2.50

$2.50 and OVER

NUMBER OF WORKERS

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF La BOR BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS

Jt E x c lu d e s p rem iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e an d fo r w o r kon w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s ,a n d la te sh if ts .Digitized for FRASER

http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

5Employment in durable-goods plants exceeded that in nondurable-goods plants in each of the regions except the South, Durable-goods industries accounted fo r 71 percent of the production workers in the M iddle West, 67 percent in the Fa r West, 53 percent in the Northeast, and 41 percent in the South. Regionally, average hourly earnings in the durable-goods group ranged from $2 in the F a r West to $1.41 in the South; the highest regional average fo r nondurable goods was $1.83 in the F a r West and the lowest was $1.32 in the South.

As shown below, the proportions of workers at the low er end o f the earnings d is tr ibutions were sm aller in durable-goods than in the nondurable-goods industries in a ll regions except the South.

Number (in thousands) and percent of production workers earning less than 90 cents an hour

Region Durable goods Nondurable goods

Number Percen t Number Percen t

United States -------- 304 4.2 513 9.7N ortheast___________ 34 1.4 151 7.2South _____ ______ 246 23. 6 273 17.9Middle Wpsst 22 . 7 76 5. 9F a r W e s t____________ 1 . 1 12 3.2

NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of regional employment estim atesdo not n ecessarily equal the nationwide total.

In the South, average hourly earnings fo r durable-goods workers exceeded earnings in nondurable goods, the difference being 9 cents an hour. Nevertheless, the proportion of Southern workers earning less than 90 cents an hour was grea ter in durable than in nondurable goods. This results la rg e ly from the heavy concentration of workers earning less than 90 cents in the important lumber and furniture industries, which are c lass ified in the durable - goods categories. About seven-eighths of the 246,000 durable-goods workers in the South earning less than 90 cents w ere employed in these two industries.

Earnings of men and women

Men outnumbered women in durable-goods and nondurable-goods industries, both nationally and within each region. Nationwide, men accounted fo r 61 percent o f the plant employment in nondurable goods, 84 percent in durable goods, and 75 percent in a ll manufacturing combined. Regionally, the proportion of men workers ranged from 55 percent in nondurable goods manufacturing in the Northeast to 89 percent in the durable-goods group in the South. These regional variations are due la rge ly to d ifferences in the types of manufacturing industries found in the various regions and the d iffering proportions of women found in these industries.

Nondurable-goods industries provide employment to twice as many women workers as do the durable-goods industries. A substantial proportion o f these women workers are employed in textile m ills , apparel shops, and in food-processing plants. Geographically, three-fourths of the women employed in the nondurable-goods industries were concentrated in the Northeast and South.

Straight-tim e average hourly earnings fo r men were $1.80. in a ll manufacturing, $1.84 in the durable-goods group, and $1.74 in the nondurable-goods group. The overa ll average for women was $1.28, with averages of $1.40 and $1.22 recorded in durable goods and nondurable goods, respective ly . F o r a ll industries combined, m en 's earnings exceeded those of women by 58 cents in the F a r West, 54 cents in the M iddle West, 52 cents in the Northeast, and 3 7 cents in the South.

Durable-goods and nondurable-goods averages fo r men in each region varied by 5 cents or less from the regional averages for a ll manufacturing. Only in the South did men average higher pay in the nondurable-goods than in all-manufacturing industries. F o r women,


6on the other hand, average earnings in durable goods w ere from 2 to 13 cents above the a l l manufacturing average; in nondurables they w ere from 1 to 11 cents below. Comparing women* s earnings in durable-goods plants with those in nondurables, the la rgest d ifferences w ere found in the F a r West (22 cents) and the Middle West (21 cents).

In the lower-earn ings in terva ls, the proportion of women exceeded that fo r men in both durable- and nondurable-goods industry groupings. Thus, 4 percent of the men and 14.2 percent of the women workers in manufacturing were earning less than 90 cents an hour in A p ril 1954 as shown in the follow ing tabulation:

Percen t of production workers earningless than 90 cents an hour

Sex and region,A ll manu- Durable Nondurablefacturing goods goods

Men:United S ta tes____________ 4.0 3.9 4.2

N ortheast_____________ 1.0 . 5 1.9South.. 17.2 23.9 10.5Middle West ________ . 7 .4 1. 7Far W e s t_____________ .2 ( M . 5

Women:United S ta tes ---------------- 14.2 6.0 18.4

N ortheast_____________ 11.4 6.0 13. 8South__________________ 29.3 24.9 30.0Middle West 8. 8 2 .9 15.4F a r W e s t_____________ 5.3 .4 8.9

1 Less than 0.0 5 percent.

Of the 380,000 men earning less than 90 cents, 322,000 or 85 percent w ere in the South (tables 5 and 7). By contrast, of the 437,000 women workers earning less than 90 cents, 45 percent were in the South and 3 5 percent were in the Northeast (tables 6 and 8).

About 243,000 men in durable-goods plants earned less than 90 cents. Of this total, 223,000 w ere in the South and 20,000 were divided equally between the Northeast and Middle West regions. Of the 13 7,000 men in nondurable-goods plants who earned less than 90 cents, about 99,000 were in the South, 22,000 in the Northeast, 15,000 in the M iddle West, and approxim ately 1,000 in the Far West.

Although the percentage of women workers in durable-goods plants who earned less than 90 cents was 4 times greater in the South than in the Northeast^the number o f women in this earnings group was slightly greater in the Northeast. Of the 61,000 women earning less than 90 cents in durable-goods plants, 24,000 were in the Northeast, 23,000 were in the South, and nearly a ll of the rem ainder were in the M iddle W est. Of the 376,000 women earning less than 90 cents in nondurable-goods plants, 174,000 w ere in the South, 130,000 were in the Northeast, and most o f the remainder were in the M iddle W est.

As can be seen from the distributions of workers in 42 earnings classes (tables 5 - 12), hourly earnings of individual men and women workers ranged from 75 cents (or less in some cases) to above $3 in each industry grouping and region. The degree of h etero geneity of earnings in our manufacturing economy is suggested by the nearly complete lack o f any concentrations of workers at any point along the earnings scale. Only in the South w ere as many as 10 percent of either men or women workers concentrated within a 5-cent range the earnings in terva l beginning with the 75-cent Federa l minimum wage. The degree of dispersion shown in these tables is characteristic of some but not a ll of the narrow er industry groupings (see follow ing page).


7Earnings in selected industry groups

Distributions o f workers by hourly earnings fo r 12 m ajor industry groups with over 11 m illion production workers are presented in table 13.7 Compared with the distributions fo r the broad durable- and nondurable-goods industry d ivisions, shown ea r lie r , these industry group data re flec t in somewhat grea ter detail variations in earnings related to differences in pay leve ls among industries, to regional variations in leve ls of earnings by industry, and to the geographic distribution of factory employment by industry.

Data fo r some industry groups revealed com paratively little variation in average pay leve ls among regions. F o r the chem icals and petroleum products group, fo r example, the average fo r the South ($1 .78 ) was only a few cents below those fo r the Northeast and Middle West, although 28 cents below that fo r the F a r West. By contrast, lumber and furniture workers as a group averaged 97 cents an hour in the South, whereas averages fo r these workers in the Middle West and F a r West were $1.50 and $2.13, respective ly .

The industry groups selected fo r separate examination are listed below in descending order of the proportion of workers earning less than 90 cents an hour.

Number (in thousands) and percent of

Industry group

Lumber and fu rn itu re____________Leather and leather products___Textiles and a p p a re l____________Tobbaco m anu facturers_________Food and kindred p rod u cts_____Miscellaneous manufacturing1 __Paper and prin tin g_______________Chemicals and p e tro le u m ______Instruments and related products P r im a ry metals and fabricated

metal products________________M achinery (except e le c tr ica l)___Transportation equ ipm ent--------

production workers earning lessthan 90 cents per hour

Number Percen t

232 25.052 15.9

278 13. 911 12.9

114 11.334 8.933 3.422 3. 1

4 1.91010 . 64 .3

(2) (3)

1 M ajor group 39 as defined in the Standard Industrial C lass ification Manual (Novem ber 1945 edition), prepared by the Bureau of the Budget.

2 Less than 500 workers.3 Less than 0.05 percent.

Among 29 regional-industry group distributions provided in table 13, 7 instances were noted in which m ore than 10 percent of the workers earned less than 90 cents an hour. Four o f these w ere in the South: Lumber and furniture, 56.1 percent; food products, 34.4percent; leather and leather products, 23.9 percent; and textiles and apparel, 19.1 percent. The other instances were the textiles and apparel group in the M idwest (17.3 percent) and the leather and leather products group in the Northeast (15.8 percent) and in the M idwest (14.2 percent). Although regional estim ates for tobacco manufactures could not be prepared, nationwide, 12.9 percent o f the w orkers earned less than 90 cents an hour in A p ril 1954.

Changes in wage leve ls since 1947

Comparison of the earnings distribution fo r A p ril 1954 with an earnings distribution prepared for July 1947 reveals a sharp shrinkage of employment at pay leve ls below $ 1 an

7 Separate distributions by industry group could not be presented for the remaining IV2 m illion factory workers employed in A p ril 1954.


8h ou r.8 As shown below, the proportion of workers earning less than $1 declined from a third to a tenth during the 7-year period.

Percen t of production workers earning less than specified amounts per hour

Straight-tim e hourly earnings

Under 75 cents ________________Under 80 cen ts_________________Under 90 cen ts_________________Under $ 1 _______________________

July A p ril1947 1954

10.4 0.213. 6 3.023.0 6. 532. 7 10.2

The 1949 Amendments to the F a ir Labor Standards Act increased the F edera l m in imum wage to 75 cents an hour, e ffective January 2 5, 1950. Thus, 2 V2 years before the new minimum went into effect, it was estimated that 10.4 percent of the production workers were paid less than 75 cents an hour. By Novem ber 1948, estim ates prepared by the Bureau indicate that the proportion paid less than 75 cents had dropped to 6. 6 percent. In A p ril 1954, only a fraction of 1 percent of the workers in manufacturing were earning less than 75 cents and 6. 5 percent w ere earning less than 90 cents an hour.

General wage changes, including those resulting from the adoption o f the 75-cent minimum, la rg e ly accounted fo r the 44-percent rise in average hourly earnings between July 1947 and A p ril 1954.9 Shifts in employment ratios among industry groups also contributed to the rise in the earnings leve l as well as to changes in their overa ll distribution. The la rgest gains in production-worker employment between 1947 and 1954 occurred in e lec tr ica l machinery (254,000), transportation equipment (200,000), and printing and publishing (94,000). Production-worker employment in the food, textiles, and furniture groups, however, was substantially lower in A p ril 1954 than in July 1947.10 Among the industry groups named, average pay leve ls were substantially higher in those in which employment increased.

8 This ea r lie r re lease of the Bureau of Labor Statistics (dated Decem ber 15, 1947) provided distributions of production workers in manufacturing, and by industry group, by straight-tim e hourly earnings.

9 Percen t increase computed from averages fo r all-manufacturing adjusted to exclude premium pay for overtim e.

10 P a rt of the decline in employment in the food group is attributable to seasonality in the canning and preserving and the beverage industries; employment leve ls in these in dustries are higher in July than in A p r il.


Chart 3 . CUMULATIVE DISTRIBUTIONS OF PRODUCTION WORKERS IN MANUFACTURINGBy Hourly Earnings,* April 1954

NUMB ER OF W O R K E R S

H O U R L Y E A R N I N G S

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR E x c lu d es p rem iu m p a y fo r o v ertim e and fo r w o rk onbureau of LABOR stm ist ics w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , an d la te sh if rs


Chart 4. CUMULATIVE PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTIONS OF PRODUCTION WORKERS IN MANUFACTURING

By Hourly Earningsf April 1954


H O U R L Y EA R N I N G SE x c lu d e s p re m iu m p a y fo r o v ertim e and f o r w o r k on

w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , a n d la t e s h if t sDigitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

Chart 5 . EARNINGS*OF PRODUCTION WORKERS IN MANUFACTURINGApril 1954

M E D I A N H O U R L Y E A R N I N G S AN D MI DD LE R A N G E S W I T H I N W H I C H O N E - H A L F OF THE W O R K E R S FELL

Region

United States

Northeast

South

Middle West

Far West

Median

$1.67

1.62

1.25

1.80

1.92

^ H o u r l y e a r n i n g s e x c l u d i n g p r e m i u m p a y fo r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k on

w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , a n d late s h if t s .



Chart 6. CUMULATIVE PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTIONS OF PRODUCTION WORKERS IN DURABLE-GOODS AND NONDURABLE GOODS MANUFACTURING

By Hourly Earnings,* April 1954PERCENT

HOURLY EA R N I N G S

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR * E x c lu d e s p rem iu m p a y fo r o v e rt im e and fo r w o rkbureau of labor statistics on w e e k e n d s , h o l id a y s , and la te sh ifts


Chart 7. CUMULATIVE PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTIONS OF MEN AND WOMENPRODUCTION WORKERS IN MANUFACTURING

By Hourly Earnings,* April 1954

H O U R L Y EA R N IN G S

^ E x c l u d e s p r e m i u m p a y fo r over t i m e a n d f o r w o r k

on w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , a n d l a t e s h if ts .

^ I n c l u d e s s o m e w o r k e r s fo r w h o m s e x d e s i g n a t i o n w a s not o b ta i n e d .



14

T A B L E 1. - -E s tim a ted distribution o f production w ork ers in M anufacturing Industries by stra igh t-tim ea verage hourly ea rn in gs ,1 United States and R eg ion s ,2 A p r i l 1954

(in thousands)

A ve ra g e hourly ea rn in gs1United States N ortheast South M idd le W est F a r W est

Num ber Cum ulative Num ber Cum ulative Num ber Cum ulative Num ber Cum ulative Num ber Cum ulative(in cents) o f number o f o f number of ' o f number o f o f number o f o f number o fw o rk ers w ork ers w ork ers w ork ers w ork ers w ork ers w ork ers w ork ers w ork ers w ork ers

Under 75 ------------------------ 23 23 3 3 18 18 2 2 (3) (3)

75 and under 80 ___________ 357 380 55 58 265 283 33 34 4 580 and under 85 ___________ 195 575 53 111 115 398 25 59 2 685 and under 9 0 -------------- 242 817 75 186 121 519 41 100 6 1290 and under 9 5 ___________ 252 1,069 94 280 116 634 39 138 4 1695 and under 100 _________ 213 1,282 80 360 89 723 40 179 4 20

100 and under 105 ________ 374 1,656 131 491 159 882 71 250 13 33105 and under 110 ________ 269 1,925 102 594 109 991 52 301 6 39110 and under 115 ________ 318 2, 243 130 724 112 1, 103 66 368 9 48115 and under 120 ________ 275 2,518 113 838 91 1, 194 61 429 9 57120 and under 125 ________ 305 2,823 126 964 88 1,283 75 504 16 72

125 and under 130 ________ 370 3, 194 165 1,129 93 1,375 94 598 20 92130 and under 135 ________ 354 3,548 163 1,292 81 1,456 91 689 19 112135 and under 140 ________ 364 3,912 154 1,446 77 1,533 115 804 17 128140 and under 145 ________ 379 4,291 175 1,621 78 1,611 107 911 19 147145 and under 150 ________ 382 4,672 173 1,794 64 1,676 124 1,035 20 167

150 and under 155 ________ 498 5, 170 205 1,999 83 1,759 179 1,214 31 198155 and under 160 ________ 447 5,617 186 2,185 68 1,827 164 1,378 28 226160 and under 165 ________ 523 6, 140 197 2, 382 68 1,895 217 1,595 42 26 8165 and under 170 ________ 478 6,618 178 2, 561 56 1,951 198 1,793 46 313170 and under 175 ________ 482 7, 100 176 2, 737 54 2,005 204 1,996 48 361

175 and under 180 ________ 477 7,577 176 2,913 52 2,057 198 2, 195 51 413180 and under 185 ________ 427 8, 003 142 3,055 44 2, 101 179 2, 373 61 474185 and under 190 ________ 515 8,518 165 3,220 53 2, 154 218 2,592 78 552190 and under 195 ________ 457 8,975 133 3,353 45 2, 199 214 2, 806 65 618195 and under 200 ________ 491 9,467 124 3,477 42 2, 241 263 3,070 62 679

200 and under 205 ________ 422 9,889 119 3,596 41 2,282 204 3,274 58 737205 and under 210 ---------- 357 10,245 107 3,703 46 2,328 149 3,423 54 792210 and under 215 _______ 304 10,549 95 3,798 32 2, 360 134 3,557 43 834215 and under 220 ________ 269 10,819 86 3,883 23 2,383 109 3,666 51 886220 and under 225 ________ 227 11,045 66 3,949 25 2,408 97 3,764 38 924

225 and under 230 ________ 224 11,269 74 4, 023 25 2,433 88 3,852 37 961230 and under 235 ________ 176 11,445 55 4,078 24 2,457 73 3,925 24 985235 and under 240 ________ 134 11,579 50 4, 128 16 2,473 46 3,971 22 1,007240 and under 245 ________ 121 11 ,TOO 43 4, 171 14 2,487 47 4,018 16 1,024245 and under 250 ________ 115 11,815 35 4, 206 10 2,497 49 4,067 21 1,045

250 and under 260 -________ 210 12,025 70 4,275 24 2, 521 89 4, 156 27 1,072260 and under 270 ________ 130 12,154 49 4,324 10 2, 532 55 4,211 16 1,087270 and under 280 ________ 99 12,254 32 4, 356 10 2,542 42 4, 253 15 1, 102280 and under 290 ________ 79 12,332 31 4, 387 7 2,549 30 4,283 11 1, 113290 and under 300 ________ 50 12,382 19 4,406 3 2,552 21 4,304 6 1, 119

300 and over 208 92 12 74 31

Num ber of w o r k e r s _______ 12,590 4,498 2, 564 4, 378 1, 150

A vera g e hourly earnings 1 $ 1.68 $ 1.67 $ 1. 36 $ 1. 80 $ 1.94

1 Excludes prem ium pay fo r ov ertim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and late sh ifts.2 The reg ions used in this study include:

N o r th ea s t_____________ Connecticut, M aine, M assachusetts, New H am pshire , New J ers ey , New Y ork , Pennsylvan ia, Rhode Island,and Verm ont;

South___________________A labam a, Arkansas, D elaw are, D is tr ic t o f Colum bia, F lo r id a , G eorg ia , Kentucky, Lou isiana, M aryland ,M iss iss ip p i, North C aro lin a , Oklahoma, South C arolina, Tennessee, T exas, V irg in ia , and W est V irg in ia ;

M iddle W e s t _________ Illin o is , Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, M ich igan , M innesota, M issou ri, N ebraska, N orth Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota,and vVisconsin;

F a r vV est_____________ A rizon a , C a lifo rn ia , C o lorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New M exico , O regon , Utah, Washington, and W yom ing.3 L ess than 500 w orkers .

NO TE : Because o f rounding, sums of individual item s do not n eces sa r ily equal to ta ls .


15T A B L E 2. - -E s tim a ted percen tage distribution o f production w ork ers in M anufacturing Industries by s tra igh t-tim e

a vera ge hourly earn ings, United States and R eg ion s ,2 A p r i l 1954

A ve ra g e hourly ea rn in gs1 2United States Northeast South M idd le W est Far W est

P e rcen t Cum ulative P e rcen t Cum ulative P e rcen t Cum ulative P e rcen t Cum ulative P e rcen t Cum ulative(in cents) o f percen t o f o f percen t o f o f percen t o f o f percen t o f o f percen t ofw ork ers w ork ers w ork ers w ork ers w ork ers w ork ers w ork ers w ork ers w ork ers w ork ers

Under 75 __________________ 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 7 0. 7 (3 ) (3 ) (3) (3 )

75 and under 8 0 ------------- 2. 8 3. 0 1. 2 1. 3 10. 3 11.0 0. 7 0. 8 0. 4 0. 480 and under 8 5 ------------- 1. 5 4. 6 1.2 2. 5 4. 5 15. 5 . 6 1. 3 . 1 . 585 and under 9 0 ------------- 1.9 6. 5 1. 7 4. 1 4. 7 20. 2 .9 2. 3 . 5 1. 190 and under 9 5 ---------- 2. 0 8. 5 2. 1 6. 2 4. 5 24. 7 .9 3. 2 . 4 1.495 and under 100 ----------- 1.7 10. 2 1.8 8. 0 3. 5 28. 2 .9 4. 1 . 3 1. 8

100 and under 105 _______ 3. 0 13. 2 2.9 10. 9 6. 2 34. 4 1.6 5. 7 1. 1 2.9105 and under 110 --------- 2. 1 15. 3 2. 3 13. 2 4. 2 38. 6 1. 2 6. 9 . 5 3.4110 and under 115 --------- 2.5 17. 8 2.9 16. 1 4. 4 43. 0 1. 5 8. 4 . 8 4. 2115 and under 120 --------- 2. 2 20. 0 2. 5 18. 6 3. 6 46.6 1. 4 9. 8 . 8 4.9120 and under 125 --------- 2 .4 22. 4 2. 8 21. 4 3.4 50. 0 1. 7 11.5 1. 4 6. 3

125 and under 130 --------- 2. 9 25. 4 3. 7 25. 1 3. 6 53. 6 2. 1 13. 6 1. 7 8. 0130 and under 135 --------- 2. 8 28. 2 3. 6 28. 7 3. 1 56. 8 2. 1 15. 7 1. 7 9.7135 and under 140 --------- 2.9 31. 1 3. 4 32. 1 3. 0 59. 8 2. 6 18. 4 1.5 11. 2140 and under 145 --------- 3. 0 34. 1 3. 9 36. 0 3. 0 6 2 . 8 2. 4 20. 8 1. 7 12. 8145 and under 150 _______ 3.0 37. 1 3.9 39.9 2. 5 65. 3 2. 8 23. 6 1.7 14. 5

150 and under 155 --------- 4. 0 41. 1 4.6 44.4 3. 2 68. 6 4. 1 27. 7 2. 7 17. 2155 and under 160 _______ 3. 5 44. 6 4. 1 48. 6 2. 7 71. 2 3. 8 31. 5 2. 4 19. 6160 and under 165 --------- 4. 2 48. 8 4. 4 52. 9 2. 6 73. 9 4. 9 36. 4 3. 6 23. 3165 and under 170 -------- 3. 8 52. 5 4. 0 56. 9 2. 2 76. 1 4. 5 40. 9 4. 0 27. 2170 and under 175 --------- 3. 8 56. 4 3.9 60. 8 2. 1 78. 2 4 .6 45. 6 4. 2 31.4

175 and under 180 --------- 3. 8 60. 2 3.9 64. 7 2. 0 80. 2 4. 5 50. 1 4. 5 35. 9180 and under 185 --------- 3. 4 63. 5 3. 2 67.9 1. 7 81. 9 4. 1 54. 2 5. 3 41. 2185 and under 190 --------- 4. 1 67. 6 3. 7 71.6 2. 1 84. 0 5. 0 59. 2 6. 8 48. 0190 and under 195 --------- 3 .6 71.3 3. 0 74. 5 1. 7 85. 7 4.9 64. 1 5. 7 53. 7195 and under 200 --------- 3.9 75. 2 2. 8 77. 3 1. 6 87. 4 6.0 70. 1 5. 3 59. 0

200 and under 205 --------- 3. 4 78. 5 2. 6 79.9 1.6 89. 0 4. 7 74. 8 5. 1 64. 1205 and under 210 _______ 2.8 81. 4 2.4 82. 3 1. 8 90. 7 3. 4 78. 2 4. 7 68. 8210 and under 215 --------- 2. 4 83. 8 2. 1 84. 4 1. 3 92. 0 3. 1 81. 2 3. 7 72. 5215 and under 220 _______ 2. 1 85.9 1.9 86. 3 .9 92. 9 2. 5 83. 7 4. 5 77. 0220 and under 225 --------- 1. 8 87. 7 1. 5 87. 8 1. 0 93.9 2. 2 86. 0 3. 3 80. 3

225 and under 230 _______ 1. 8 89. 5 1. 6 89.4 1. 0 94. 8 2. 0 88. 0 3. 2 83. 5230 and under 235 --------- 1.4 90.9 1. 2 90. 6 .9 95. 8 1. 7 89. 6 2. 1 85. 6235 and under 240 --------- 1. 1 91.9 1. 1 91.7 . 6 96. 4 1. 0 90. 7 1.9 87. 5240 and under 245 --------- 1. 0 92.9 1. 0 92. 7 . 6 97. 0 1. 1 91.8 1.4 89.0245 and under 250 _______ . 9 93. 8 . 8 93. 5 . 4 97. 4 1. 1 92. 9 1. 8 90. 8

250 and under 260 _______ 1. 7 95. 5 1. 5 95. 0 .9 98. 3 2. 0 94.9 2. 4 93. 2260 and under 270 _______ 1. 0 96. 5 1. 1 96. 1 . 4 98. 7 1. 2 96. 2 1. 3 94. 5270 and under 280 _______ . 8 97. 3 . 7 96. 8 . 4 99. 1 1. 0 97. 1 1. 3 95. 8280 and under 290 --------- .6 97.9 . 7 97. 5 . 3 99.4 . 7 97. 8 .9 96. 7290 and under 300 _______ . 4 98. 3 . 4 97. 9 . 1 99. 5 . 5 98. 3 . 5 97. 3

300 and o v e r ______________ 1. 7 2. 1 . 5 1. 7 2. 7

T o ta l________________ 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0

Num ber o f w o rk e r s ______ 12, 590, 000 4,498,000 2,564,000 4,378,000 1, 150, 000

A ve ra g e hourly earn ings 1 $ 1.68 $ 1.67 $ 1.36 $ 1.80 $ 1.94

1 Excludes prem ium pay fo r ov ertim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and late sh ifts.2 See table 1 fo r lis tin g o f States included in reg ions .3 L es s than 0. 05 percen t.

N O TE : B ecause o f rounding, sums o f individual item s do not n ecessa r ily equal 100.


16

T A B L E 3. - -E s tim a ted distribution of production w ork ers in Durable-and Nondurable-Goods1 M anufacturing Industries bys tra igh t-tim e average hourly ea rn in gs ,2 United States and R eg ion s ,3 A p r i l 1954

(in thousands)

United States N ortheast South M idd le W est F a r W estA ve ra g e hourly ea rn in gs2

(in cents) Durable Nondurable Durable Nondurable Durable Nondurable Durable Nondurable Durable Nondurablegoods goods goods goods goods goods goods goods goods goods

Under 75 __________________ 3 20 ( 4 ) 3 3 15 (4) 1 (4 ) (4 )

75 and under 8 0 __________ 149 208 8 46 137 128 3 29 (4) 480 and under 8 5 __________ 77 118 11 42 58 57 7 18 (4 ) 285 and under 9 0 __________ 75 167 15 60 48 73 12 28 (4) 690 and under 9 5 __________ 88 165 30 63 42 73 14 25 1 395 and under 100 ________ 58 155 27 53 19 69 10 30 1 3

100 and under 105 _______ 125 249 '43 88 52 107 26 45 4 9105 and under 110 _______ 75 194 32 70 20 89 21 31 1 4110 and under 115 _______ 107 210 49 82 26 85 29 37 3 7115 and under 120 _______ 100 175 43 71 23 68 31 30 3 6120 and under 125 _______ 116 189 46 80 25 63 39 36 5 10

125 and under 130 _______ 163 207 70 94 31 62 54 40 8 11130 and under 135 _______ 161 193 76 87 24 56 55 36 6 1313 5 and under 140 _______ 181 183 70 84 30 48 74 41 7 10140 and under 145 _______ 187 192 83 92 24 54 70 37 10 9145 and under 150 _______ 199 183 87 86 21 43 82 43 9 11

150 and under 155 _______ 278 220 112 94 34 49 115 63 17 14155 and under 160 _______ 259 187 104 82 32 36 107 58 17 11160 and under 165 _______ 331 192 115 82 32 35 152 64 32 10165 and under 170 _______ 318 159 112 66 30 26 144 54 32 13170 and under 175 --------- 331 151 112 65 31 23 154 49 34 14

175 and under 180 _______ 338 139 115 60 32 20 152 46 39 12180 and under 185 _______ 295 132 89 54 25 20 138 40 43 18185 and under 190 _______ 392 122 115 50 33 20 183 35 60 18190 and under 195 _______ 348 110 93 40 28 17 176 38 51 15195 and under 200 _______ 402 89 94 30 27 16 231 32 50 12

200 and under 205 _______ 323 99 82 37 26 14 170 35 45 13205 and under 210 _______ 284 73 81 27 32 14 126 23 45 9210 and under 215 _______ 227 77 67 27 14 18 113 22 33 9215 and under 220 _______ 211 58 64 21 14 9 90 19 43 9220 and under 225 _______ 166 61 48 18 12 13 78 19 28 10

225 and under 230 _______ 157 67 53 21 11 13 66 23 27 10230 and under 23 5 _______ 119 57 36 1

T A B L E 4. - -E s tim a ted percen tage d istribution o f production w ork ers in Durable-and Nondurable-G oods1 ManufacturingIndustries by stra igh t-tim e avera ge hourly earnings,2 United States and R eg ion s ,3 A p r il 1954

17

United States N orth east South M idd le W est Far W estA ve ra g e hourly ea rn in gs1 2 3

(in cents) Durable Nondurable Durable Nondurable Durable Nondurable Durable Nondurable Durable Nondurablegoods goods goods goods goods goods goods goods goods goods

Under 75 ----------------------- (4) 0. 4 (4> 0. 2 0. 3 1. 0 (4 ) 0. 1 (4 ) 0. 1

75 and under 8 0 ------------- 2. 0 3.9 0. 3 2. 2 13. 1 8. 4 0. 1 2. 3 n 1. 180 and under 8 5 ------------- 1. 1 2. 2 . 5 2. 0 5. 6 3. 7 . 2 1. 4 (4) . 485 and under 9 0 ------------- 1.0 3. 2 .6 2. 8 4 .6 4. 8 . 4 2. 2 0. 1 1. 590 and under 9 5 ------------- 1. 2 3. 1 1. 3 3. 0 4. 0 4. 8 . 5 1.9 . 1 . 995 and under 100 ----------- . 8 2. 9 1. 1 2. 5 1.9 4. 5 . 3 2. 3 . 1 . 8

100 and under 105 --------- 1. 7 4. 7 1. 8 4. 2 5. 0 7. 0 . 8 3. 5 . 5 2. 3105 and under 110 --------- 1. 0 3. 7 1. 3 3. 3 1.9 5. 8 . 7 2 .4 . 2 1.2110 and under 115 --------- 1. 5 4. 0 2. 0 3. 9 2. 5 5. 6 .9 2.9 . 4 1. 7115 and under 120 --------- 1.4 3. 3 1. 8 3.4 2. 2 4. 5 1. 0 2 .4 . 3 1. 6120 and under 125 --------- 1. 6 3. 6 1.9 3. 8 2. 4 4. 2 1. 3 2. 8 . 7 2. 7

125 and under 130 --------- 2. 2 3.9 2.9 4. 5 3. 0 4. 1 1. 7 3. 1 1. 1 3. 0130 and under 135 --------- 2. 2 3. 7 3. 2 4. 1 2. 3 3. 7 1. 8 2. 8 . 8 3. 5135 and under 140 --------- 2. 5 3. 5 2.9 4. 0 2. 8 3. 1 2.4 3. 2 .9 2.7140 and under 145 --------- 2. 6 3. 6 3. 5 4. 4 2. 3 3. 6 2. 3 2.9 1. 3 2. 5145 and under 150 --------- 2. 7 3. 5 3. 6 4. 1 2. 0 2. 9 2. 6 3. 3 1. 1 2.9

150 and under 155 _______ 3. 8 4. 2 4. 6 4. 5 3. 3 3. 2 3. 7 4. 9 2. 1 3. 8155 and under 160 --------- 3. 5 3. 5 4. 3 3.9 . 3. 1 2 .4 3 .4 4. 5 2. 1 3. 0160 and under 165 --------- 4. 5 3. 6 4. 8 3.9 3. 1 2. 3 4.9 5. 0 4. 1 2. 7165 and under 170 --------- 4. 4 3. 0 4. 7 3. 2 2.9 1. 7 4. 6 4. 2 4. 2 3. 6170 and under 175 --------- 4. 5 2.9 4. 7 3. 1 3.0 1. 5 5. 0 3. 8 4. 4 3. 7

175 and under 180 --------- 4. 6 2.6 4. 8 2. 9 3. 0 1. 3 4.9 3. 6 5. 0 3. 3180 and under 185 --------- 4. 0 2. 5 3. 7 2. 6 2 .4 1. 3 4. 5 3. 1 5. 6 4. 7185 and upder 190 --------- 5. 4 2. 3 4. 8 2 .4 3. 2 1. 3 5.9 2. 7 7. 8 4. 8190 and under 195 --------- 4. 8 2. 1 3. 9 1.9 2. 7 1. 1 5. 7 3. 0 6. 6 3. 9195 and under 200 _______ 5. 5 1. 7 3. 9 1. 4 2. 5 1. 0 7. 5 2. 5 6. 5 3. 1

200 and under 205 --------- 4. 4 1. 9 3.4 1. 7 2. 5 .9 5. 5 2. 7 5. 8 3. 5205 and under 210 _______ 3. 9 1. 4 3. 4 1. 3 3. 1 .9 4. 1 1. 8 5. 8 2. 4210 and under 215 --------- 3. 1 1. 5 2. 8 1. 3 1. 4 1. 2 3.6 1. 7 4. 3 2. 5215 and under 220 --------- 2. 9 1. 1 2. 7 1. 0 1. 3 .6 2.9 1. 5 5. 5 2. 3220 and under 225 --------- 2. 3 1. 2 2. 0 . 9 1. 1 . 8 2. 5 1. 5 3. 6 2. 8

225 and under 230 --------- 2. 1 1. 3 2. 2 1. 0 1. 1 .9 2. 1 1. 8 3. 5 2. 6230 and under 235 --------- 1. 6 1. 1 1. 5 . 9 . 8 1. 0 1.9 1. 1 2. 1 2. 1235 and under 240 _______ 1. 2 . 8 1. 5 . 7 . 7 .6 1. 1 .9 1. 7 2.4240 and under 245 --------- 1. 1 . 8 1. 1 . 8 . 5 .6 1. 2 . 8 1. 3 1. 7245 and under 250 _______ 1. 1 . 6 1. 0 . 5 . 5 . 3 1. 2 .9 2. 2 1. 1

250 and under 260 --------- 1. 8 1. 5 1. 6 1. 4 . 5 1. 2 2. 2 1. 7 2. 3 2. 5260 and under 270 --------- 1. 0 1. 0 1.0 1. 2 . 2 . 5 1. 2 1. 3 1. 2 1. 6270 and under 280 _______ . 7 .9 . 7 . 8 . 3 . 5 . 8 1. 2 1. 1 1. 7280 and under 290 --------- . 5 . 8 . 6 . 8 . 1 . 3 . 6 1. C . 6 1. 7290 and under 300 --------- . 3 . 5 . 3 . 6 . 1 . 2 . 4 . 7 . 5 . 7

300 and o v e r ______________ 1. 3 2. 2 1. 2 3. 1 . 5 . 5 1.4 2. 5 2. 5 3. 2

T o t a l ________________ 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0

Num ber o f w ork ers (inth ou san ds )------------------ 7,309 5,281 2,399 2,099 1,043 1,521 3,094 1,284 773 377

A ve ra g e hourly ea rn in gs2 $1. 78 $ 1. 54 $ 1. 76 $ 1.57 $1. 41 $ 1. 32 $ 1. 86 $1.66 $2. 00 $1. 83

1 See table 3 fo r lis tin g o f durable-and nondurable-goods m anufacturing industries .2 Excludes p rem ium pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and late sh ifts.3 See tab le 1 fo r lis tin g of States included in reg ions .4 L ess than 0. 05 percen t.

N O TE : Because o f rounding, sums o f ind ividual item s do not n ecessa r ily equal 100.


18

T A B L E 5. - -E s tim a ted percen tage d istribu tion o f men production w ork ers in Manufacturing Industries by s tra igh t-tim eaverage hourly earn ings, 1 United States and R eg ion s, 2 A p r i l 1954

A ve ra g e hourly earn ings1 2 (in cents)

United States N orth east Sotith M iddle W est F a r W est

P e rcen t Cum ulative P e rcen t Cumulative P e rcen t Cum ulative P e rcen t Cum ulative P e rcen t Cum ulativeo f percen t o f o f percen t o f o f p ercen t o f o f percen t o f o f p ercen t o f

w ork ers w orkers w ork ers w orkers w orkers w orkers w orkers w orkers w ork ers w ork ers

Under 75 _________________ 0.1 0.1 ( 3) (3) 0 .4 0 .4 (3) (3) ( 3) (3)75 and under 80------------ 2 .0 2 .1 0.3 0.3 9.0 9.4 0.2 0.2 0. 1 0.180 and under 85_________ .9 3.0 .3 .6 3 .9 13.3 .2 o 4 ( 3) . 185 and under 90_______ _ 1.1 4.0 . 5 1.0 3 .9 17.2 .3 .7 . 1 .290 and under 95_________ 1.2 5.2 .9 1.9 3. 7 20. 9 .3 1.0 . 1 .395 and under 1 0 0 ________ . 8 6. 0 . 5 2 .4 2 .6 23. 5 .2 1.3 . 1 .4

100 and under 105 ______ 1.9 7.9 1.5 3.9 5. 6 29.1 . 8 2. 1 .4 .91.2 9.1 1.0 5.0 3. 1 32.2 . 5 2 .6 . 1 1.0

110 and under 115 ______ 1.5 10. 6 1. 6 6.6 3.5 35. 7 . 7 3.3 .2 1.2115 and under 120 ______ 1.2 11.8 1.4 8.0 2 .6 38.3 . 6 3.9 .2 1.4120 and under 125 ______ 1.5 13.4 1.8 9.8 2 .9 41.2 .9 4 .8 .3 1.7

125 and under 130 ______ 2. 1 15. 5 2. 5 12.3 3 .4 44. 6 1.4 6. 1 . 8 2 .5130 and under 1 3 5 ______ 2 .0 17. 5 2 .6 14. 9 3. 1 47. 7 1.3 7. 5 . 6 3. 1135 and under 140 ______ 2 .3 19. 8 2 .9 17. 8 3.0 50.8 1.8 9.3 .9 4.0140 and under 1 4 5 ______ 2. 6 22. 5 3. 5 21 .4 3.3 54. 1 1.9 11.2 1.1 5.2145 and under 150 ______ 2 .7 25.2 3 .6 25.0 2 .7 56. 8 2 .4 13. 6 1.2 6.3

150 and under 1 5 5 ______ 4.0 29.2 4. 8 29.7 3.7 60.4 3 .9 17. 6 2. 1 8 .4155 and under 160 ______ 3 .7 32. 9 4. 7 34.4 3. 1 63. 5 3. 7 21.2 2 .0 10.4160 and under 165 ______ 4 .4 37.3 5.0 39.5 3. 1 66.6 4 .8 26. 1 3 .4 13.8165 and under 170 ______ 4. 1 41 .4 4. 8 44.3 2 .7 69.2 4. 6 30. 6 3 .4 17.2170 and under 1 7 5 ______ 4 .4 45. 8 4. 8 49.0 2 .6 71.9 5. 1 35. 7 4. 1 21 .4

175 and under 180 ______ 4 .5 50.3 5.0 54.0 2 .6 74. 5 5.0 40 .7 4. 6 26.0180 and under 185 ______ 4.0 54. 3 4.0 58.0 2.1 76. 6 4 .6 45. 3 5. 6 31.5185 and under 190 ______ 4 .9 59.2 4. 7 62.7 2 .4 79.0 5. 7 51.1 7. 5 39.0190 and under 195 ______ 4. 5 63. 7 3. 9 66. 5 2 .2 81.2 5. 7 56. 7 6. 5 45. 5195 and under 200 ______ 4 .9 68. 6 3. 6 70.1 2. 1 83.3 7.2 63.9 6.3 51.8

200 and under 205 ______ 4.2 72.8 3 .4 73. 6 2.1 85.4 5. 5 69. 5 5. 9 57. 7205 and under 210 ______ 3. 6 76. 3 3.2 76. 7 2.3 87. 7 4.0 73.5 5.4 63. 1210 and under 215 ______ 3. 1 79.4 2 .8 79. 5 1.7 89.4 3 .7 77.2 4 .4 67. 5215 and under 220 ______ 2 0 7 82. 1 2 .5 82.0 1.2 90.5 3.0 80.2 5.2 72.7220 and under 225 ______ 2 .3 84.4 1.9 84.0 1.3 91.8 2. 7 82.9 4.0 76. 7

22 5 and under 230 ______ 2 .2 86. 6 2.1 86.1 1.3 93. 1 2 .4 85.3 3. 7 80.4230 and under 23 5 ______ 1.8 88.4 1. 6 87. 7 1.3 94.4 2 .0 87.4 2 .5 82.8235 and under 240 1.4 89. 8 1.5 89. 1 . 8 95.2 1.3 88. 6 2.3 85. 1240 and under 245 ______ 1.2 91.0 1.3 90.4 . 7 96.0 1.3 89.9 1.7 86. 8245 and under 2 50 ______ 1.2 92. 1 1.0 91.4 . 5 96. 5 1.3 91.3 2.2 89.0

2 50 and tinder 2 60 ______ 2. 1 94. 3 2 .0 93.4 1.3 97. 7 2 .5 93. 8 2 .8 91.82 60 and under 2 70 ______ 1.3 95. 6 1.5 94.9 . 5 98.3 1. 5 95.3 1.6 93.42 70 and under 280 ______ 1.0 96. 6 .9 95. 8 . 6 98. 8 1.2 96. 5 1. 5 95.02 80 and under 2 90 ______ . 8 97.4 .9 96.7 .3 99.2 . 8 97.3 1. 1 96. 12 90 and under 300 ______ . 5 97.9 . 6 97.3 .2 99.4 . 6 97.9 .6 96. 7

300 and o ve r ____________ 2. 1 2 .7 . 6 2. 1 3.3

T o t a l ______________ 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0

Num ber o f w o r k e r s ____ 9,389,000 3, 059,000 1, 871, 000 3,514,000 945,000

A ve ra g e hourly ea rn in gs1 $ 1. 80 $ 1. 83 $ 1.45 $ 1.90 $2. 04

1 Excludes prem iu m pay fo r ov ertim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and la te sh ifts.2 See tab le 1 fo r lis tin g o f States included in reg ion s .3 L es s than 0. 05 percen t.

N O TE : Because o f rounding, sums o f ind ividual item s do not n ecessa r ily equal 100.


19

T A B L E 6. --E s tim a ted percen tage d is tr ibu tion of wom en production w ork ers in M anufacturing Industries by s tra igh t-tim eaverage hourly earn ings, 1 Unitea States and R egions, 2 A p r i l 1954

United States N ortheast South M iddle W est F a r W est

A ve ra g e hourly earn ings 1 P e rcen t Cum ulative P e rcen t Cum ulative P e rcen t Cumulative P e rcen t Cum ulative P e rcen t Cum ulative(in cen ts) o f percen t o f o f percen t of o f percen t o f o f p ercen t of o f percen t o f

w ork ers w orkers w orkers w orkers w orkers w orkers wo rlcers w orkers w orkers w orkers

Under 75----------------------- 0 .5 0 .5 0.2 0.2 1.6 1.6 0. 1 0. 1 0.1 0. 1

7 5 and unde r 80------------ 5. 6 6. 1 3 .4 3.7 14.4 16.0 2 .9 3.0 1.8 2.0

80 and under 85 ------------ 3. 5 9.6 3.3 7.0 6.3 22.3 2.2 5.2 . 7 2 .7

85 and under 90------------ 4. 7 14.2 4 .4 11.4 7.0 29.3 3. 6 8.8 2. 6 5. 3

90 and under 95 ------------ 4. 6 18.9 4 .9 16.4 6.8 36. 1 3.3 12.1 1.5 6. 8

95 and under 1 0 0 ---------- 4. 5 23 .4 4 0 8 21.2 6.0 42. 1 3. 7 15.8 1.3 8.1

100 and under 105 ------- 6.2 29 .7 6.3 27. 5 8.2 50.2 5.0 20 .9 4 .4 12.510 5 and under 110 ------- 5.2 34. 9 5.2 32.7 7. 7 57. 9 4.0 24. 9 2.2 14. 7

110 and under 115 ------- 5. 7 40 .6 6.0 38.7 6. 8 64. 7 4 .9 29. 7 3. 6 18.3

115 and under 120 -------- 5.3 45 .8 5.2 43 o 9 6. 4 71.0 4. 8 34. 6 3. 5 21 .8

120 and under 125 -------- 5.2 51.0 5.2 49. 1 5.0 76.0 5.0 39. 6 6. 6 28.3

125 and under 130 ------- 5. 6 56.6 6.3 55. 5 4.3 80.3 5.4 44. 9 6.1 34. 5130 and under 135 -------- 5.3 61.9 6.2 61.6 3.3 83.6 5. 1 50.1 6. 8 41.3

13 5 and under 140 -------- 4. 7 66. 6 4. 8 66.4 3.0 86. 7 6. 1 56. 1 3 .9 45.2

140 and under 145 ------- 4. 1 70. 8 4. 7 71.2 2 .4 89. 1 4. 6 60.7 4. 1 49 .4

145 and under 150 ------- 3 .9 74.7 4.3 75. 5 2 .0 91.9 4. 7 65.4 4.2 53.5

150 and under 155 ------- 3 .9 78.6 4. 1 79. 6 2.2 93.3 4. 8 70.2 5. 5 59.1155 and under 160 -------- 3. 1 81.7 2 .9 82.5 1.6 94.9 4. 1 74.3 4. 5 63.5

160 and under 165 ------- 3 .4 85. 1 2 .8 85.3 1.4 96.3 5.4 79. 7 4 .9 68. 4

165 and under 170 ------- 2 .8 87.8 2. 1 87.4 .9 97.2 4 .4 84.0 6. 7 75. 1

170 and under 175 ------- 2 .0 89.8 1 o 9 89.3 . 5 97. 7 2. 8 86.9 4.3 79.4

175 and under 180 ------ 1.6 91.5 1.5 90.8 .4 98.1 2 .3 89.2 3.7 83.1

180 and under 185 ------- 1.4 92.9 1.2 92.0 .4 98. 5 2 .0 91.1 4. 1 87.2

185 and under 190 -------- 1.4 94.2 1.3 93.2 .3 98.9 1.8 92.9 3 .8 91.0

190 and under 195 ------ 1.0 95.2 .9 94.1 .2 99.1 1.5 94.5 1.9 92.9195 and under 200 ______ . 7 95o 9 . 6 94. 7 . 1 99.2 1. 1 95. 6 1.0 93.9

200 and under 205 ------- . 8 96. 7 .8 95.5 .3 99.5 1.0 96. 6 1.2 95.220 5 and under 210 ----- . 5 97.2 . 5 96.0 . 1 99.6 . 8 97.4 1.1 96.3210 and under 215 ------- .4 97. 6 . 5 96. 5 . 1 99.7 . 6 98.0 .7 97.0215 and under 220 ------- . 3 97.9 .3 96.8 ( 3) 99.7 .4 98.4 . 7 97. 7220 and under 22 5 ------- .3 98.2 .4 97.2 . 1 99.8 .3 98.6 .3 98.0

22 5 and under 230 ------- . 3 98. 5 .4 97o 6 ( ! ) 99.8 .3 98.9 .4 98.4230 and under 235 ______ .2 98. 7 . 3 97.8 ( 3) 99,8 .2 99.1 . 3 98. 6235 and under 240 ------- . 1 98. 8 .2 . 98.0 (3) 99. 9 . 1 99.2 .2 98.8

240 and under 245 ______ . 1 98.9 .2 98.2 (!) 99.9 . 1 99.3 . 1 99.0245 and under 2 50 ------- . 1 99.0 . 1 98.4 (3) 99.9 . 1 99.4 . 1 99.1

2 50 and under 2 60 ______ .2 99.2 .3 98.7 ( ! ) 99.9 .2 99.6 .3 99.32 60 and under 2 70 ------- . 1 99.4 .2 98.9 ( ) 99.9 . 1 99.7 . 1 99.52 70 and under 2 80 ______ . 1 99.5 . 1 99.0 (3) 99.9 . 1 99.8 . 1 99. 62 80 and under 2 90 ------ . 1 99. 6 .2 99.2 ( ! ) 99.9 . 1 99.9 . 1 99. 72 90 and under 300 ______ . 1 99.7 . 1 99.4 (3) 99.9 (3) 99.9 (3) 99.7

300 and o v e r ----------------- .3 .6 (3) . 1 . 3

T o ta l_______________ ][00. 0 1 o o o 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0

Num ber o f w o rk e r s _____ 3, 065,000 1, 345, 000 673,000 848,000 199,000

A ve ra g e hourly earn ings 1 $ 1.28 $ 1. 31 $ 1. 08 $ 1. 36 $ 1.46

1 Excludes prem ium pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and la te sh ifts.2 See table 1 fo r lis tin g o f States included in reg ions .3 L es s than 0.05 percen t.

NO TE : Because o f rounding, sums o f ind ividual item s do not n ecessa r ily equal 100.


2 0

T A B L E 7. --E s tim a te d d istribu tion o f men production w ork ers in Manufacturing Indu stries by s tra igh t-tim e a vera gehourly earn ings, 1 United States and R egions, 2 A p r i l 1954

(in thousands)

A ve ra g e hourly earn ings 1 2United States N orth east South M iddle W est F a r W est

Num ber Cum ulative Num ber Cum ulative Num ber Cum ulative Num ber Cum ulative Num ber Cum ulative(in cents) o f number o f of number o f o f number of o f number o f o f number o f

w o rk ers w o rk ers w o rk ers w ork er s w ork ers w o rk ers w o rk ers w o rk ers w o rk ers w ork ers

Under 75 ___________________ 8 8 (3 ) (3) 7 7 (3) (3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3)

75 and under 80____________ 185 193 8 9 168 175 8 9 1 180 and under 85____________ 87 281 8 17 73 248 6 14 (3) 185 and under 9 0 ____________ 99 380 15 32 73 322 10 25 1 290 and under 9 5 ____________ 109 489 27 59 70 392 11 36 1 395 and under 10 0__________ 73 563 15 74 48 440 9 44 1 4

100 and under 105_________ 183 745 46 120 104 544 28 72 4 8105 and under 110_________ 109 854 32 152 57 602 18 90 1 9110 and under 115_________ 143 997 50 202 66 668 25 115 2 12115 and under 120_________ 113 1, 110 43 245 49 716 20 135 2 13

120 and under 125_________ 144 1,254 55 300 55 771 33 168 2 16

125 and under 130__________ 197 1,451 78 378 64 835 48 216 7 23130 and under 135_________ 190 1, 641 79 456 58 893 47 263 6 29135 and under 140_________ 218 1, 860 89 545 57 950 64 327 9 38140 and under 145_________ 249 2, 108 108 653 61 1, 012 68 395 11 49145 and under 150_________ 257 2, 365 111 764 51 1, 062 84 479 11 60

150 and unde r 155_______ 372 2, 737 146 910 68 1, 131 138 617 20 80155 and under 160________ 348 3, 085 143 1, 053 58 1, 188 129 745 19 98160 and under 165_________ 415 3, 499 154 1,207 58 1,246 170 916 32 130165 and under 170_________ 389 3, 888 147 1, 354 50 1,296 160 1, 076 32 163

170 and under 175------------ 414 4, 302 146 1, 500 50 1, 345 179 1,255 39 202

175 and under 180_________ 421 4,723 152 1,652 48 1, 393 177 1,432 44 246

180 and under 185________ 375 5, 098 122 1, 774 40 1,433 160 1, 592 52 298

185 and under 190_________ 461 5,559 143 1,918 46 1,479 202 1,794 71 369190 and under 195_________ 420 5,979 118 2, 036 41 1,520 200 1,993 61 430195 and under 200_________ 461 6,440 110 2, 146 39 1, 559 253 2,246 59 489

200 and under 205__________ 393 6,834 104 2, 250 38 1,597 195 2,441 56 545

205 and under 210_________ 334 7, 167 97 2, 347 44 1, 641 142 2, 583 51 596

210 and under 215------------ 287 7,454 85 2,432 31 1,672 129 2,712 41 638

215 and under 220__________ 255 7, 709 78 2,510 22 1,694 105 2, 818 49 687

220 and under 225_________ 215 7,924 58 2,568 24 1,718 95 2, 912 37 725

225 and under 230__________ 210 8, 133 65 2,634 24 1, 742 86 2,998 35 759230 and under 235__________ 167 8, 301 49 2,683 24 1, 766 72 3, 070 23 782235 and under 240_________ 127 8, 427 45 2, 727 16 1, 782 45 3, 114 22 804240 and under 245__________ 114 8, 542 38 2, 766 14 1, 795 46 3, 160 16 820245 and under 250_________ 110 8, 651 32 2,797 10 1, 805 47 3, 208 21 841

250 and under 260__________ 199 8, 851 62 2,859 24 1, 829 88 3,295 26 867260 and under 270_________ 124 8, 974 45 2, 903 10 1, 839 54 3, 349 15 883

270 and under 280__________ 94 9,069 29 2,932 10 1, 850 41 3, 390 15 897280 and under 290__________ 74 9, 143 27 2,959 7 1, 856 30 3,420 11 908290 and under 300__________ 47 9, 190 17 2,976 3 1, 860 21 3,440 6 914

300 and o v e r ________________ 198 83 12 73 31

Num ber o f w o rk e r s ---------- 9, 389 3,, 059 1, 871 3, 514 945

A ve ra g e hourly earn ings 1 $ 1.80 $ 1.83 $1 .45 $1,.90 $2. 04

1 Excludes prem iu m pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and la te sh ifts.2 See tab le 1 fo r lis t in g o f States included in reg ion s .3 L es s than 500 w ork ers .

NO TE : Because of rounding, sums o f ind ividual item s do not n e ces sa r ily equal to ta ls .


2 1

T A B L E 8 . - -E s tim a ted d istribu tion o f wom en production w ork ers in M anufacturing Indu stries by s tra igh t-tim e a vera gehourly earn ings, 1 United States and R eg ions, 2 A p r i l 1954

(in thousands)

U nited States N ortheast South M idd le W est F a r West

A ve ra g e hourly earn ings Num ber Cum ulative Numbe r Cum ulative Num ber Cum ulative Num ber Cum ulative Num ber Cum ulative(in cents) o f number o f o f number o f o f number o f o f number of of number o f

w ork ers w o rk ers w ork ers w ork ers wo rke r s w ork ers w o rk ers w o rk ers w o rk ers w o rk ers

Under 75____________________ 15 15 3 3 11 11 1 1 (3 ) (3)

75 and under 80____________ 171 186 46 49 97 108 25 26 4 4

80 and under 85__________ 108 294 45 94 43 150 19 44 1 5

85 and under 9 0 ____________ 143 437 60 154 47 197 31 75 5 11

90 and under 9 5 ____________ 142 579 66 220 45 243 28 103 3 13

95 and under 100___________ 139 718 65 285 41 283 32 134 3 16

100 and under 105_________ 191 909 85 369 55 338 43 177 9 25

105 and under 110__________ 160 1, 069 70 440 51 390 34 211 4 29

110 and under 115__________ 174 1,244 81 520 46 435 41 252 7 36

115 and under 120_________ 161 1,405 70 590 43 47 8 41 293 7 43

120 and under 125__________ 160 1, 565 71 661 34 512 42 336 13 57

125 and under 130_________ 171 1,736 85 746 29 540 45 381 12 69

130 and under 135________ 163 1, 898 83 829 22 563 44 425 14 82

135 and under 140__________ 144 2, 042 64 893 20 583 51 476 8 90

140 and under 145__________ 127 2, 170 64 957 16 600 39 515 8 98

145 and under 150__________ 120 2,290 58 1, 015 14 613 40 555 8 107

150 and under 155__________ 121 2,411 55 1, 070 15 628 40 595 11 118

155 and under 160____ ___ 94 2, 504 39 1, 109 11 639 35 630 9 127

16 0 and unde r 16 5 _________ 103 2,607 38 1, 147 9 648 45 676 10 136

165 and under 170__________ 85 2,692 29 1, 176 6 654 37 713 13 150

170 and under 175__________ 61 2,753 25 1,201 3 658 24 737 9 158

17 5 and under 180__________ 50 2, 803 20 1, 221 3 6 6 1 20 756 7 166

180 and under 185------------ 43 2, 846 16 1,236 3 663 17 773 8 174

185 and under 190__________ 42 2, 888 17 1, 253 2 665 15 788 8 181

190 and under 195__________ 30 2, 918 11 1,265 1 667 13 801 4 185

195 and under 200__________ 20 2,938 8 1,273 1 667 9 810 2 187

200 and under 205__________ 24 2,962 11 1, 284 2 669 9 819 2 190

205 and under 210__________ 16 2,979 7 1,291 1 670 7 826 2 192

210 and under 215__________ 13 2,992 6 1,297 1 671 5 831 1 193

215 and under 220__________ 9 3, 002 4 1, 302 ( 3) 671 3 834 1 195

220 and under 225_________ 8 3, 010 5 1, 306 (3) 671 2 836 1 195

225 and under 230__________ 9 3, 018 5 1, 312 ( ? ) 672 2 839 1196

2 30 and under 235__________ 6 3, 024 4 1, 316 ) 672 1 840 1 197

235 and under 240__________ 4 3, 029 3 1, 318 (3) 672 1 841 ( 3)197

240 and under 245------------ 4 3, 032 3 1, 321 ( 3) 672 1 842 (3 ) 197

245 and under 250------------ 3 3, 036 1 1, 322 (3) 672 1 843 ( 3) 198

250 and under 260------------ 6 3, 042 4 1, 327 (? ) 673 1 845 1 198

260 and under 270__________ 4 3, 046 3 1, 329 (3) 673 1 845 (3) 196

270 and under 280_______ _ 3 3, 049 2 1, 331 (3) 673 1 846 (3) 199

280 and under 290_________ 4 3, 053 3 1, 334 ( ) 673 1 847 (3) 199

290 and under 300__________ 2 3, 055 2 1, 336 (3) 673 1 847 (3) 199

300 anrl o ver 10 9 (3) 1 ( 3)

Num ber o f w o rk e r s _____ _ 3, 065 1, 345 673 848 199

A ve ra g e hourly earn ings 1 $ 1. 28 $ 1.31 $ 1.08 $ 1. 36 $1. 46

1 Excludes p rem iu m pay fo r ov ertim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and la te sh ifts.2 See table 1 for listing of States included in regions.3 L es s than 500 w ork ers .

NO TE : Because o f rounding, sums of ind ividual item s do not n e cessa r ily equal to ta ls .


2 2

T A B L E 9. --E s tim a ted distribu tion of men and wom en production w ork ers in Durable-Goods 1 Manufacturing Industriesby s tra igh t-tim e average hourly earn ings, 2 United States and Regions, 3 A p r i l 1954

(in thousands)

A ve ra g e hourly ea rn ings2 (in cents)


Men Women Men Women Men Women Men Women M en Women

Under 75_____________________________________ 3 n (4) - 3 (4) (4) (4) (4) (4)

75 and under 80_____ _____________________ 130 18 2 6 126 11 2 2 (4) (4)80 and under 85 __ _________________________ 58 19 4 8 51 7 3 4 (4) (4)85 and under 90_______ ___________________ 51 24 4 11 42 5 5 8 (4) (4)90 and under 95 ------------------------------------ 58 29 15 15 36 6 7 7 (4) 195 and under 1 0 0 _____________________ ___ 28 29 7 20 17 3 4 7 (4) 1

100 and under 105 _______ ________________ 82 43 22 21 47 5 10 16 2 210 5 and under 110 _________________________ 39 36 14 18 17 3 7 14 (4) 1110 and under 115 ____________ _________ 61 46 26 23 22 5 12 17 1 2115 and under 120 _________________________ 49 50 21 21 15 8 12 19 1 2120 and under 12 5 _________________________ 68 47 26 19 21 4 20 19 1 4

12 5 and under 130 __ __ ________________ 103 59 43 26 27 4 29 24 4 5130 and under 135 ___ __ __________ 95 65 42 33 21 4 29 25 3 3135 and under 140 _________________________ 116 64 47 23 25 4 40 35 4 2140 and under 145 _________________________ 129 55 58 24 20 3 45 25 6 4145 and under 150 _________________________ 142 52 60 23 18 3 57 24 6 3

150 and under 155 _________________________ 214 59 84 24 30 5 89 26 12 5155 and under 1 60 _________________________ 207 47 83 16 29 3 83 23 12 4160 and under 165 -------------------------------- 269 57 95 16 29 3 121 31 25 7165 and under 170 ___ ___________________ 268 47 97 12 28 2 119 25 24 8170 and under 175 _________________________ 2 94 30 99 8 29 1 137 17 30 4

175 and under 180 _________________________ 305 27 104 8 31 1 137 14 34 5180 and under 185 ____________ __________ 2 63 24 79 6 23 1 126 11 36 7185 and under 190 _________________________ 357 24 105 6 28 1 170 11 54 6190 and under 195 -------------------------------- 323 18 86 4 26 (4) 164 11 48 3195 and under 200 __________________________ 3 82 11 87 3 24 (4) 223 7 49 1

200 and under 205 -------------------------------- 307 12 76 3 26 1 162 7 44 120 5 and under 210 __ _____________________ 2 69 9 75 2 31 (4) 121 4 43 2210 and under 215 __________ ____________ 218 6 62 2 14 ( 4) 109 3 32 1215 and under 220 _____ __ ------------------ 202 5 60 2 13 (4) 87 2 42 1220 and under 22 5 -------- __ ____________ 159 3 44 1 11 (4) 77 2 27 (4)

22 5 and under 230 -------------------------------- 149 3 48 1 11 (4) 64 2 25 (4)230 and under 23 5 _________________________ 115 2 33 1 9 (4) 58 1 16 (4)235 and under 240 __________________ _____ 86 1 33 (4) 7 (4) 33 1 13 (4)240 and under 2 45 ______ ___________ 75 1 25 (4) 5 (4) 36 (4) 10 (4)245 and under 2 50 _ _ ____________________ SO 1 23 (4) 5 (4) 35 1 17 (4)

2 50 and under 2 60 _ .... ___ ... . 124 1 35 (4) 5 (4) 67 1 17 (4)2 60 and under 2 70 _________________________ 72 1 22 (4) 3 (4) 38 (4) 9 (4)2 70 and under 2 80 _________________________ 52 1 15 (4) 3 (4) 26 (4) 8 (4)2 80 and under 2 90 _____ __________________ 37 (4) 14 (4) 1 (4) 18 (4) 5 ( 4)2 90 and under 300 _________________________ 23 (4) 6 (4) 1 (4) 12 ( 4) 4 (4)

300 and o v e r __________ ____________________ 92 1 27 (4) 5 (4) 41 (4) 19 (4)

Num ber o f w o rk e r s ________________________

A ve ra g e hourly earn ings2 --------------------

6, 157

$1 .84

1,02 5

$1.40

1,908

$1 .85

404

$1.33

933

$1.42

92

$1. 18

2,633

$1.92

445

$1 .46

683

$2 .05

84

$1 .59

1 See table 3 fo r lis tin g o f durable-goods m anufacturing industries .2 Excludes prem ium pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and late sh ifts.3 See table 1 fo r lis tin g o f States included in reg ion s .4 L ess than 500 w orkers .

NO TE : Because o f rounding, sums of ind ividual item s do not n ecessa r ily equal tota ls.


23

T A B L E 10. - -E s tim a ted percen tage d istribu tion o f men and wom en production w ork ers in Durable-Goods 1 Manufacturing Industriesby s tra igh t-tim e a vera ge hourly earn ings, 2 United States and R eg ions, 3 A p r i l 1954

A vera g e hourly earn ings2 United States N orth eastSouth ! M iddle W est F a r W est

(in cents) M en W omen Men Women Men W om en M en Women M en Women

Under 75 ------ ---- ----------- (4) (4) (4) - 0 .3 (4) (4) (4) (4) (4)

75 and under 80 ------------------------------------ 2 .1 1.8 0. 1 1. 5 13. 5 11.5 0.1 0 .4 w 0. 180 and under 85 ----------------------------------- .9 1.8 .2 1.9 5. 5 7. 8 . 1 .9 (4) (4)85 and under 90 ____________________________ . 8 2 .3 .2 2. 7 4. 6 5. 7 .2 1.7 (4) .390 and under 95 ---------------------- ----------- .9 2 .8 . 8 3 .7 3. 9 6. 3 .3 1.7 0 . 1 .695 and under 100 ---------------------------------- . 5 2. 9 .4 4 .9 1.8 2 .8 . 1 1.5 (4) .7

100 and under 105--------------------------------- 1.3 4.2 1.2 5. 1 5. 1 5.0 .4 3.6 . 3 2 .6105 and under 110 _________________________ .6 3. 5 . 7 4 .4 1.9 3. 1 .3 3. 1 (4 ) 1.4110 and under 115--------------------------------- 1.0 4. 5 1.4 5. 6 2.3 5. 1 . 5 3 .8 . 1 2 .4115 and under 120__________________________ . 8 4 .9 1.1 5.2 1.6 9.0 . 5 4.3 . 1 2.2120 and under 125__________________________ 1. 1 4 .6 1.4 4. 8 2.2 4. 8 . 8 4.2 . 1 5.0

125 and under 130______________________ __ 1.7 5. 7 2.2 6 4 2 .9 4.3 1.1 5.4 . 6 5.4130 and under 135--------------------------------- 1.5 6. 3 2 .2 8. 1 2 .2 4.0 1.1 5. 7 . 5 3.2135 and under 140------------------------ ------ 1.9 6.2 2 .4 5. 6 2 .7 4 .6 1.5 7.8 .6 2 .6140 and under 145--------------------------------- 2 .1 5.4 3.0 5.8 2.2 3 .6 1.7 5.6 .9 4 .5145 and under 150__________________________ 2 .3 5. 1 3. 1 5. 7 1.9 3.0 2 .2 5.4 .9 3.2

150 and under 155--------------------------------- 3. 5 5. 8 4 .4 5.9 3.2 5. 1 3 .4 5.8 1.7 5. 7155 and under 160__________________________ 3 .4 4. 6 4. 4 4 .0 3. 1 3. 5 3. 1 5.2 1.8 5.3160 and under 165__________________________ 4. 4 5. 5 5.0 3 .8 3.1 3. 1 4. 6 7.0 3 .6 8.5165 and under 170--------------------------------- 4 .3 4. 6 5. 1 3. 1 3.0 2 .3 4. 5 5. 5 3. 5 9 .4170 and under 175__________________________ 4. 8 3.0 5.2 2. 1 3. 1 1.1 5.2 3. 8 4.3 4 .9

175 and under 180___________ ____________ 5.0 2 .6 5.4 2 .0 3.3 . 8 5.2 3.1 5.0 5. 5180 and under 185__________________________ 4. 3 2 .3 4. 1 1.4 2 .4 . 6 4. 8 2 .5 5.3 8.0185 and under 190__________________________ 5. 8 2 .4 5. 5 1. 5 3.0 1.0 6. 5 2 .6 8.0 6.9190 and under 195--------------------------------- 5.2 1.8 4. 5 1. 1 2 .8 .4 6.2 2 .4 7.0 3.2195 and under 200 _______________ _________ 6.2 1. 1 4. 5 . 7 2. 5 .2 8.5 1. 6 7. 1 1.4

200 and under 205__________________________ 5.0 1.1 4.0 . 6 2 .7 .6 6.2 1. 6 6 .4 1.620 5 and under 210------------- -------------------- 4. 4 .9 3.9 . 6 3.3 .2 4. 6 1.0 6.3 2. 1210 and under 215__________________________ 3 .5 . 6 3.3 . 4 1.5 . 1 4. 1 . 7 4. 8 . 8215 and under 220__________________________ 3.3 . 5 3. 1 .4 1.4 . 1 3.3 . 5 6.1 .9220 and under 22 5 --------------------------------- 2 .6 . 3 2 .3 .2 1.2 .2 2 .9 . 4 4.0 .3

225 and under 230 __________________________ 2 .4 .3 2. 5 .3 1.2 . 1 2 .4 . 3 3 .7 . 42 30 and under 235 --------------------------------- 1 .9 .2 1.7 . 1 .9 (4) 2.2 .2 2 .3 . 123 5 and under 240__________________________ 1.4 . 1 1. 7 . 1 . 7 (4) 1.3 . 1 1.9 . 1240 and under 24 5__________________________ 1.2 . 1 1.3 . 1 . 5 . 1 1.4 . 1 1.5 .2245 and under 2 50____ _____ ____________ 1.3 . 1 1.2 (4) . 5 (4) 1.3 .2 2 .4 . 1

2 50 and under 2 60________________________ 2 .0 . 1 1.8 . 1 .6 c> 2 .5 . 1 2 .5 .22 60 and under 270--------------------------------- 1.2 . 1 1.2 (4 ) .3 (4) 1.4 . 1 1.4 . 12 70 and under 2 80 _____________ ;__________ . 8 . 1 . 8 (4) .3 (4) 1.0 . 1 1.2 (* )2 80 and under 2 90 ----------------- __ __ ---- .6 (4) . 7 (4 ) . 1 (4) . 7 (4) . 7 (4)2 90 and under 300 --------------------------------- . 4 (4) . 3 (4) . 1 (4) . 5 (4) . 5 (4)

300 and o v e r ----------------------------------------- 1.5 . 1 1.4' . 1 . 5 (4 ) 1. 6 . 1 2 .8 . 1

To ta l ------------------------------------------ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1 0 0 . 0

Num ber o f w orkers (in th ou sands)------- 6, 157 1,02 5 1,908 404 933 92 2, 633 445 683 84

A ve ra g e hourly earn ings2 -------------------- $1. 84 $1.40 $1 .85 $1.33 $1.42 $1. 18 $ 1 .92 $1 .46 $2 .05 $1 .59

1 See table 3 fo r lis tin g o f durable-goods m anufacturing industries .2 Exclude p rem iu m pay fo r ov e rtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, holidays, and la te sh ifts .3 See table 1 fo r lis tin g o f States included in reg ion s .4 L es s than 0 .05 percen t.

NO TE : Because o f rounding, sums o f ind ividual item s do not n e cessa r ily equal 100.


24

T A B L E 11 --E s tim a ted d istribution of men and wom en production w orkers in N ondurable-G oods1 Manufacturing Industriesby s tra igh t-tim e average hourly earn ings, 2 United States and Regions, 3 A p r i l 1954

(in thousands)

A ve ra g e hourly earn ings 2 (in cents)


Men W om en Men W omen Men W om en Men W om en Men W omen

Under 7 5 __ __ _ _____ ________________ 5 15 (45 3 5 11 (4) 1 (4) (4)

7 5 and under 8 0 _____________________________ 55 153 6 40 42 86 7 23 1 480 and under 8 5 _____________________________ 29 89 5 37 21 35 3 15 (4) 185 and under 9 0 ____ ___ ___________________ 48 119 11 49 31 42 5 23 1 590 and under 95 __ __________________________ 51 113 12 51 34 40 5 20 1 295 and under 100 ___________________________ 45 110 8 45 31 38 5 25 1 2

100 and under 1 0 5 __________ ______________ 101 148 24 64 57 50 18 27 2 7105 and under 1 1 0 _____________ ___________ 70 124 18 52 40 49 11 20 1 3110 and unde r 115 _ _______________________ 82 128 24 58 44 41 13 24 1 5115 and under 120 ___ ______ _______ ____ 64 111 22 49 34 35 8 22 1 5120 and under 1 2 5 _________________ _______ 76 113 29 51 34 29 12 24 1 9

125 and under 1 3 0 _______ ______________ __ 94 113 35 59 37 25 18 21 4 8130 and under 135 __ _ _ ________ _ 95 98 37 50 38 19 18 18 3 11135 and under 1 4 0 ____' _ _________________ 102 80 42 42 32 16 24 17 4 6140 and under 1 4 5 _____________ _ ________ 120 72 5.1 40 41 13 23 14 5 4145 and under 150 ___ __ _______ _________ 115 68 51 35 33 11 27 16 5 6

150 and under 1 5 5 ________________________ _ 158 62 62 31 39 10 49 15 8 6155 and under 1 6 0 _________ __ _ ________ 141 46 60 23 29 8 46 12 7 4160 and under 165 _ _ ___ ________________ 145 46 59 23 29 7 50 14 7 3165 and under 1 7 0 __________ __________ ___ 121 38 50 16 22 4 41 12 8 5170 and under 175 ________ _ ________ _ _ 119 31 47 17 20 2 42 7 9 4

175 and under 1 8 0 __________ _____ ______ 116 23 48 12 17 2 40 6 10 3180 and under 1 8 5 _________ _____________ 112 19 43 10 18 2 35 6 16 1185 and under 1 9 0 ___________ _____ _ ___ 104 18 38 11 18 1 31 4 16 2190 and under 1 9 5 ____ ________ ________ 97 12 33 7 15 1 36 2 14 1195 and under 200 _ _ ____ _______ ________ 79 9 23 6 15 1 30 2 11 1

200 and under 205 _______ __________________ 86 13 28 8 13 2 33 2 12 1205 and under 2 1 0 --------------------- ---------- 65 8 22 4 13 (4) 21 2 8 (4)210 and under 2 1 5 _______ . _ _ _________ 69 7 23 5 18 1 20 2 9 1215 and under 220 ____________ ____________ 53 5 18 3 9 (4) 18 1 8 1220 and under 225 _____________ _____ ___ 55 5 14 4 13 (4) 18 1 10 (4)

225 and under 230 _ _________________ ___ 61 5 17 4 13 (4) 22 1 9 (4)230 and under 235 _______ ____ _ ___ 52 5 16 3 15 (4) 14 1 7 (4)235 and under 240 _ _ _ ________ ________ 41 3 12 2 9 (4) 11 1 9 (4)240 and under 245 _______ _______________ 39 3 14 2 9 l4) 10 (4) 6 (4)245 and under 250 __________________ ______ 30 2 9 1 5 (4) 12 (4) 4 (4)

250 and under 260 ______ ______________ ___ 75 5 26 4 19 (4) 21 1 9 (4)260 and under 270 _______ _______________ 52 3 22 3 8 (4) 16 (4) 6 (4)270 and under 280 _ _ _ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 3 14 2 7 (4) 15 1 6 (4)280 and under 290 __ _________________ 37 4 13 3 5 (4) 12 (4) 6 (4)290 and under 3 0 0 __ _ _ _ _ ___ 24 2 11 2 2 (4) 9 (4) 2 (4)

300 and o ver __ ________ ______ _____ ___ 106 9 56 8 6 (4) 32 (4) 12 (4)

Num ber o f w o r k e r s _____ ___________ 3,232 2, 040 1, 151 941 938 581 881 403 262 115

A ve ra g e hourly earn ings 2 _____ _ _______ $1. 74 $1. 22 $1.80 $1.29 $1.48 $1.07 $1. 85 $1. 25 $2. 03 $1. 37

1 See table 3 fo r lis tin g o f nondurable-goods m anufacturing industries .2 Excludes prem ium pay fo r o vertim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and la te sh ifts.3 See table 1 for listing of States included in regions.4 L es s than 500 w orkers .

N O TE : Because o f rounding, sums of individual item s do not n e ces sa r ily equal totals.


T A B L E 12. - -E s tim a ted percen tage d istribu tion of men and wom en production w orkers in Nondurable-G oods1 ManufacturingIndustries by s tra igh t-tim e avera ge hourly earn ings, 2 United States and R e g io n s ,3 A p r il 1954

25

A vera g e hourly ea rn in gs1 2 3 (in cents)


Men W om en Men Wom en Men W omen Men W om en Men Wom en

Under 75 __ ___ _ _ __ -------------------- 0. 2 0. 7 (4) 0. 3 0. 5 1. 8 (4) 0. 3 (4) 0. 2

7 5 and under 8 0 _____________________________ 1. 7 7. 5 0. 5 4. 3 4. 5 14.9 0. 7 5. 7 0. 2 3. 180 and under 8 5 _____________________________ .9 4 .4 . 4 4. 0 2. 3 6. 1 . 3 3. 7 (4) 1. 385 and under 9 0 _____________________________ 1. 5 5. 8 . 9 5. 2 3. 3 7. 2 .6 5. 7 . 3 4. 390 and under 9 5 _____________________________ 1. 6 5. 6 1. 0 5. 5 3.6 6. 8 . 5 5. 0 . 3 2. 195 and under 100 ---------------------------------- 1.4 5.4 . 7 4. 8 3. 3 6. 5 . 5 6. 2 .4 1. 8

100 and under 1 0 5 __________________________ 3. 1 7. 3 2. 1 6. 8 6. 1 8. 6 2. 0 6. 7 . 8 5. 710 5 and unde r 110 __________________________ 2. 2 6. 1 1. 6 5. 6 4. 3 8.4 1. 2 5. 0 .4 2.9110 and unde r 1 1 5 __________________________ 2. 5 6. 3 2. 1 6. 2 4. 7 7. 1 1. 4 6. 0 . 5 4. 4115 and unde r 120 ________________________ 2. 0 5.4 1.9 5. 2 3. 6 6. 0 .9 5.4 . 4 4. 5120 and under 1 2 5 __________________________ 2. 4 5. 5 2. 5 5. 4 3. 6 5. 0 1. 4 5.9 . 5 7. 7

125 and under 1 3 0 ___ ____________________ 2.9 5. 5 3. 0 6. 3 4. 0 4. 3 2. 1 5. 2 1.4 6. 7130 and under 1 3 5 __________________________ 2.9 4. 8 3.2 5. 3 4. 0 3. 2 2o 1 4. 5 1.0 9. 5135 and under 1 4 0 ------------ ------------------ 3. 2 3.9 3. 7 4. 4 3.4 2. 8 2. 7 4. 2 1. 7 4 .9140 and under 1 4 5 __________________________ 3. 7 3. 5 4 .4 4. 3 4. 4 2. 3 2. 6 3. 5 1. 8 3.9145 and under 1 5 0 __________________________ 3. 6 3. 3 4. 4 3. 7 3. 5 1.9 3. 0 4. 0 2.0 4.9

150 and under 1 5 5 --------------------------------- 4 .9 3. 0 5.4 3. 3 4. 1 1. 7 5.5 3. 6 3. 1 5 4155 and under 160 __________________________ 4. 4 2. 3 5. 2 2. 4 3. 1 1. 3 5. 2 2.9 2. 6 3. 8160 and under 1 6 5 __________ _________ ___ 4. 5 2. 3 5. 1 2.4 3. 1 1. 1 5. 6 3. 6 2.9 2. 3165 and under 170 ____________________ ___ 3. 7 1. 9 4. 3 1. 7 2. 3 . 7 4. 7 3. 1 3. 1 4. 7170 and unde r 1 7 5 __________________________ 3. 7 1. 5 4. 1 1. 8 2. 2 .4 4. 8 1. 8 3. 6 3. 8

175 and under 180 ___________________ _____ 3. 6 1. 1 4. 2 1. 2 1.9 .4 4. 5 1. 5 3. 7 2 .4180 and under 1 8 5 __________________________ 3. 5 .9 3. 8 1. 1 1.9 .4 4. 0 1.4 6. 2 1. 2185 and under 1 9 0 --------------------------------- 3. 2 .9 3. 3 1. 2 1. 9 . 2 3.6 1.0 6. 2 1. 5190 and under 1 9 5 __________________________ 3. 0 . 6 2. 8 . 8 1.6 . 2 4. 1 .6 5. 2 1. 0195 and under 200 __________________________ 2. 4 . 5 2. 0 .6 1. 6 . 1 3.4 .6 4. 1 . 7

200 and under 205 __________________________ 2. 7 .6 2. 5 .9 1. 4 . 3 3. 7 . 4 4. 6 .920 5 and under 2 1 0 __________________________ 2. 0 . 4 1.9 . 5 1.4 . 1 2.4 . 5 3. 2 .4210 and under 2 1 5 --------------------------------- 2. 1 . 4 2. 0 . 5 1.9 . 1 2. 3 . 4 3. 3 .6215 and under 220 __________________________ 1.6 . 2 1. 6 . 3 .9 (4) 2. 0 . 2 3. 0 . 5220 and under 225 __________________________ 1. 7 . 3 1. 2 . 4 1. 3 (4) 2. 1 . 2 3.9 .4

225 and under 230 __________________________ 1.9 . 3 1. 5 .4 1.4 1. 3 . 1 3. 3 . 3240 and under 245 __________________________ 1. 2 . 1 1. 2 . 3 1.0 (4) 1. 2 . 1 2. 3 . 1245 and under 250 ------------ ----------------- .9 . 1 . 8 . 1 . 5 (4) 1.4 . 1 1. 6 . 1

250 and under 260 __________________________ 2. 3 . 2 2. 3 .4 2.0 (4) 2 .4 .2 3. 5 . 3260 and under 270 ___________________ _____ 1. 6 . 2 1.9 . 3 . 8 (!> 1. 8 . 1 2 .2 . 2270 and under 280 ----------- ------------------- 1. 3 . 1 1. 2 . 2 . 8 (4) 1. 7 . 1 2 .4 .2280 and under 290 ______ ______ ________ 1. 1 . 2 1. 2 . 3 . 5 (4> 1.4 . 1 2. 3 . 2290 and under 300 ______ . 7 . 1 .9 . 2 . 2 (n 1. 0 . 1 1.0 . 1

300 and o v e r ________________________________ 3. 3 . 5 4. 8 .9 . 6 (4) 3. 7 . 1 4. 5 .4

Tota l __________________________________ 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0

Num ber o f w ork ers (in thousands) ------- 3, 232 2, 040 1, 151 941 938 581 881 403 262 115

A ve ra g e hourly ea rn in gs2 ________________ $1. 74 $1. 22 $1. 80 $1. 29 $1 .48 $1.07 $1. 85 $1 .25 $2. 03 $1. 37

1 See table 3 fo r lis tin g o f nondurable goods-m anufacturing industries .2 Excludes prem ium pay fo r o v e rtim e and fo r w ork on weekends, holidays, and la te sh ifts .3 See table 1 fo r lis tin g o f States included in reg ions .4 L es s than 0. 05 percen t

N O TE : B ecause o f rounding, sums of ind ividual item s do not n e ces sa r ily equal 100.


26

T A B L E 13. --E s tim a ted percen tage d istribu tion o f production w ork ers in se lec ted M anufacturing Industry Groupsby s tra igh t-tim e avera ge hourly earn ings, 2 United States and R egions, 3 A p r i l 1954

A vera g e hourly earn ings 2 (in cents)

Food and k indred productsTobacco

m anufacture s

UnitedStates N ortheast

SouthM iddleW est

F a rW est

UnitedStates

Under 75 _____________________________________ 1.2 0. 1 4.5 0. 1 0.2 0 .4

75 and under 80______________________________ 4. 8 1.2 15. 6 1.6 1.2 5.580 and under 85 ______________________________ 2. 0 . 7 6.2 .9 .4 3.585 and under 9 0 ______________________________ 3. 3 1.2 8. 1 1.8 2.6 3. 590 and under 9 5 ______________________________ 2.7 3. 0 5.6 1.3 . 8 5. 295 and under 10 0____________________________ 2.7 1.9 4 .2 2. 7 1. 3 3 .4

100 and under 105___________________________ 4. 3 3.4 7. 1 3.9 1. 8 3. 1105 and under 110___________________________ 2.9 3.7 4. 3 2. 1 1.3 5. 7110 and unde r 1151 __________________________ 3. 3 3. 8 3.7 3.2 2.2 4. 3115 and under 120___________________________ 2.5 3.7 2. 8 2.0 1.4 2. 5120 and under 125___________________________ 3. 5 4. 7 3.9 2. 5 3.7 11. 1

125 and under 130___________________________ 3. 6 4. 0 4. 3 3. 1 3. 0 10.0130 and under 135___________________________ 3.8 4. 3 3. 6 2.7 6. 5 4. 8135 and under 140___________________________ 3. 3 4 .4 2. 3 3.6 2. 1 6 .0140 and under 145___________________________ 3. 3 4. 7 3. 1 2. 8 2 .3 3.2145 and under 150___________________________ 3.9 5.6 2.2 3.9 3.6 3.9

150 and under 160___________________________ 10. 5 9 .0 5.5 14.7 9 .6 8.9160 and under 170___________________________ 9 .3 9 .3 3. 3 13. 1 9 .0 6. 5170 and under 180___________________________ 6.9 7.7 2. 5 8. 5 8. 3 3. 6180 and under 190___________________________ 5.6 5.7 2.9 5.5 10.2 1.3190 and under 200___________________________ 4. 0 4 .4 1. 3 4 .4 6.9 . 8

200 and under 210___________________________ 3.5 3. 3 1.2 4 .6 4 .7 1.4210 and under 220___________________________ 2. 1 1.7 . 5 2.9 3.5 . 6220 and under 230___________________________ 2. 0 1.4 .4 2.7 3.6 . 2230 and under 240___________________________ 1.6 1. 1 .2 2. 0 3 .8 .2240 and under 250___________________________ .9 .6 .2 .9 2. 6 . 1

250 and under 260___________________________ .6 .6 . 1 . 7 1.3 . 1260 and under 270___________________________ 1.0 3.4 . 1 . 3 . 5 (4 )270 and under 280___________________________ .4 .6 (4 ) .4 . 5 . 1

(4 )(4 )

280 and under 290___________________________ . 2 . 2 ) . 3 . 3290 and under 300___________________________ . 1 . 1 (4 ) . 1 . 1

300 and o v e r ______________________ . 5 . 7 .2 . 5 . 5 (4 )

T o ta l___________________________________ 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0

Num ber o f w o rk ers (in th ou san ds )--------- 1, 011 242 241 393 137 82

A vera g e hourly earn ings 2 _________________ $ 1.48 $ 1. 55 $ 1. 13 $ 1. 58 $ 1.67 $ 1. 27

See footnotes at end of table


T A B L E 13. - -E s tim a ted percen tage d istribu tion of production w o rk ers in se lec ted M anufacturing Industry Groupsby s tra igh t-tim e a verage hourly ea rn in g s ,2 United States and R egions, 3 A p r i l 1954 - Continued

27

T e x t ile m ill products; apparel and other Lu m ber and wood products;fin ished tex tile products3 fu rn iture and fix tu res

A ve ra g e hourly earn ings (in cents)

United States 5 N ortheast South

M iddleW est

United States 5 South

M iddleW est

F a rW est

0.4 0. 3 0. 5 0. 3 0. 3 0.6 (4 ) (4 )

75 and under 8 0 ______________________ 5. 6 2.9 9.3 5. 6 14.2 33. 1 0. 6 (4 )3. 3 2. 6 4 .0 4 .4 5. 8 12.8 1.4 (4 )4 .6 3.8 5. 3 7. 0 4. 7 9 .6 2 .4 (4 )

90 and under 95 .. _ ........... 4. 5 3. 6 5. 6 5. 3 4. 5 6.5 2.7 (4 )4. 6 3.2 6.6 5. 3 2. 1 3.4 1.5 (4 )

100 and under 105_____________________ 7. 5 5.5 10. 3 7. 1 5. 8 8.9 3. 1 0.76. 1 4. 3 8.9 5 .4 2. 1 2. 8 2. 1 . 16.3 5.0 8.2 6 .2 3. 1 3 .4 3.2 .25. 1 4. 2 6.4 5.6 2. 0 1.9 3.0 .24 .9 4.7 5.2 4. 8 2.9 2. 3 6. 0 .4

5. 1 5.4 4.5 5. 3 3.9 3.3 6. 1 . 34. 3 4 .5 4 .4 3.9 2. 6 1.3 5. 8 .4

135 and under 140____________________, 4. 0 4 .4 3.4 3.9 2. 5 1. 3 6. 0 . 3140 and under 145 3.9 4. 6 3.2 3. 0 2. 5 1.2 5.8 . 5145 and under 150 3. 1 3.4 2.7 2. 5 1.9 .9 4 .5 .5

150 and under 160 ...... 6. 2 7.5 4. 5 5 .4 4. 5 2 .4 10. 3 2.31 80 and under 170 , 4 .4 6.0 2. 3 4. 3 3.9 1.2 9 .6 3.0170 and upder 180,, ............ ..... 3. 3 4 .6 1.4 3.4 4 .4 . 8 6. 5 8.7180 and under 190 2. 6 3. 7 1.0 2 .4 5 .4 .7 5. 5 15.7190 and under 7 0 0 . ... 1. 8 2. 5 .6 1.7 5. 0 .2 3. 8 17. 0

200 and under 7,10 ................. 1. 6 2. 3 .4 2. 0 4 .2 .4 2 .4 14.22 10 and under ? 7 X ) 1. 1 1.5 .4 1.3 2.7 . 2 2.0 8. 8220 and under 730 . 1.0 1.6 .2 .9 2. 1 .2 1.3 6.72 30 and under 740. .. _ . . . . . . . 7 1. 1 .2 . 7 1.3 .4 .8 3. 1240 and under 750 ,,, . .6 . 8 .2 . 5 1.2 (4 ) 2 .2 2. 3

2,50 and under 7b0 . . __ . 7 1. 1 . 2 .4 1. 2 . 1 .5 3.47 80 and under 770 . __ ______ _ . 3 . 5 . 1 . 3 .5 (4 ) .4 1. 3770 aud under 7 8 O . 3 . 6 (4 ) . 2 . 6 (4 ) . 2 2 . 1280 and under 7-90, . . 3 . 6 (4 ) . 1 . 2 (4 ) . 1 . 629 0 and under 3 00 _ .. __ . 2 . 3 (4 ) . 1 . 2 (4 ) . 1 . 8

300 and o v e r _________________________ 1 . 6 2.9 (4 ) . 6 1 . 6 . 1 .4 6 . 1

T o ta l_____________________________ 1 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 . 0 1 0 0 . 0

Num ber o f w ork ers186 209(in thousands) 2 , 009 1 , 000 754 1 9 0 931 389

A ve ra g e hourly e a rn in g s 2 ... . ... $ 1. 33 $ 1.47 $ 1. 15 $ 1.27 $ 1.41 $0. 97 $ 1.50 $2. 13

See footnotes at end of tab le.


2 8

T A B L E 13. - -E s tim a ted percen tage d istribu tion o f production w ork ers in se lec ted M anufacturing Industry Groups 1by s tra igh t-tim e a verage hourly e a rn in g s ,2 United States and R eg ions, 3 A p r i l 1954 - Continued

A vera g e hourly ea rn in g s2 (in cents)

P a p e r and a llied products; printing, publishing, and a llied industries

C hem ica ls and a llied products; products o f p etro leu m and coal

United State s

N orth east

South M iddleW estF a r

W estUnitedStates

N orth east South

M iddleW est

F a rWest

Under 75____________________ (4 ) (4 ) 0. 1 n - (4

bls_1179_1955.pdf

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