bls_1188-8_1956.pdf

Occupational Wage Survey

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. M itchell, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS

Ewan Clagua, Commisaonar

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

Occupational Wage Survey

MINNEAPOLIS-ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA

DECEMBER 1955

Bulletin No. 1H 8 8-8

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner

March 1956

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. - Price 25 centsDigitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

Contents

Page

Introduction ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- 1Wage trends for selected occupational groups ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3

Tables:

1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey--------------------------------------------------------------- 22. Indexes of standard weekly salaries for office clerical and average straight-time

hourly earnings for selected plant occupational groups, and percent of increasefor selected periods-------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3

A: Occupational earnings * -A - 1: Office occupations _______________________________________________________________________ 5A -2 : Professional and technical occupations ________________________________________________ 8A -3 : Maintenance and powerplant occupations --------- 9A -4 : Custodial and mate rial-movement occupations ________________________________________ 10

B: Establishment practices, and supplementary wage provisions * -B -l : Shift differential provisions_____________________________________________________________ 12B -2: Minimum entrance rates for women office workers ___________________________________ 13B -3: Scheduled weekly hours ________________________________________________________________ 14B -4: Paid holidays ----------- 14B -5: Paid vacations ---------- 15B-6: Health, insurance, and pension plans ___________ 17

Appendix: Job descriptions______________________________________________________________________________ 19

* NOTE: Similar tabulations for most of these items are available in the Minneapolis-St. Paularea reports for November in 1951, 1952, 1953, and 1954. The 1953 report also provides tabulations of wage structure characteristics, labor-management agreements, and overtime pay provisions. The 1954 report also included data on frequency of wage payments, and pay provisions for holidays falling on nonworkdays. A directory indicating date of study and the price of the reports, as well as reports for other major areas, is available upon request.

Current reports on occupational earnings and supplementary wage practices in the Minneapolis- St. Paul area are also available for machinery industries (December 1955), hotels (July 1955), power laundries and dry cleaners (June 1955), and office building service (June 1955). Union scales, indicative of prevailing pay levels, are available for the following trades or industries: Building construction, printing, local transit operating employees, and motortruck drivers.


O ccu p atio n a l W ag e Survey - M in n eap o lis-St. P a u l, M inn. *

Introduction

The M in neapolis-S t. Paul area is one of severa l im portant industrial cen ters in which the Department of L a b or s Bureau of Labor Statistics conducted surveys o f occupational earnings and related wage benefits . In each area , data are obtained by personal v isits o f Bureau fie ld agents to represen tative establishm ents within s ix broad industry d iv is ion s: M anufacturing; transportation (excluding ra ilroa d s), c o m m unication , and other public u tilities; w holesale trade; reta il trade; finance, insu ran ce , and rea l estate; and se rv ice s . M ajor industry groups excluded from these studies, besides ra ilroa d s , are govern m ent operations and the construction and extractive industries . E stablishm ents having few er than a p rescr ib ed number o f w orkers are om itted a lso because they furn ish insufficient em ploym ent in the occupations studied to w arrant in clusion . 1 W herever p oss ib le , separate tabulations a re p rov ided fo r each of the broad industry d iv is ion s.

These surveys a re conducted on a sam ple basis because of the u n n ecessary cos t involved in surveying all establishm ents, and to insure prom pt publication o f resu lts . To obtain appropriate a ccu ra cy at m in imum co s t , a grea ter p roportion of large than of sm all establishm ents is studied. In com bining the data, how ever, a ll establishm ents are given their appropriate weight. Estim ates based on the establishm ents studied are presen ted , th ere fore , as relating to a ll establishm ents in the industry grouping and a rea , * 1 2 except fo r those below the m inimum s ize studied.Occupations and Earnings

The occupations se lected fo r study are com m on to a variety of m anufacturing and nonm anufacturing industries. Occupational c la s s if i cation is based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to take account of in terestablishm ent variation in duties within the sam e job (see appendix fo r listing of these descrip tion s). Earnings data are p resen ted (in the A -s e r ie s tables) fo r the follow ing types o f occu p a tions: (a) O ffice c le r ic a l; (b) p ro fess ion a l and techn ical; (c) m aintenance and pow erplant; and (d) custodial and m ateria l m ovem ent.

Data are shown fo r fu ll-tim e w ork ers, i. e. , those h ired to w ork a regu lar w eekly schedule in the given occupational c la ss ifica tion . Earnings data exclude prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, h olidays, and late sh ifts. Nonproduction bonuses are e x cluded a lso , but c o s t -o f - l iv in g bonuses and incentive earnings are in cluded . W here w eek ly hours are reported , as for o ffice c le r ic a l o c cupations, re fe ren ce is to the w ork schedules (rounded to the nearest half hour) fo r w hich stra ight-tim e sa laries are paid; average w eek ly earnings fo r these occupations have been rounded to the nearest half d o lla r .

* This rep ort was prepared in the B ureau s regional o ffice in C hicago, III. , by W oodrow C. Linn, under the d irection of G eorge E. V otava, R egional Wage and Industrial Relations Analyst.

1 See table 1 fo r m in im u m -size establishm ent cov ered .2 The tabulation o f m inim um entrance rates fo r wom en o ffice

w ork ers re la tes on ly to p rov is ion s in establishm ents studied.

Occupational em ploym ent estim ates represen t the total in a ll establishm ents within the scope of the study and not the num ber actually surveyed . B ecause of d ifferen ces in occupational structure among e s tablishm ents, the estim ates of occupational em ploym ent obtained from the sam ple of establishm ents studied serve only to indicate the relative im portance o f the jobs studied. These d ifferen ces in occupational structure do not m ateria lly a ffect the a ccu ra cy o f the earnings data.

E stablishm ent P ra ctice s and Supplem entary Wage P rov isions

Inform ation is presented a lso (in the B -s e r ie s tables) on s e lected establishm ent p ra ctice s and supplem entary benefits as they relate to o ffice and plant w ork ers . The term o ffice w o r k e r s , as used in this bulletin , includes a ll o ffice c le r ic a l em ployees and excludes ad m in istrative , executive, p ro fess ion a l, and techn ical personnel. Plant w o rk e rs include w orking forem en and a ll n onsupervisory w orkers (including leadm en and tra inees) engaged in n onoffice functions. A dm in istra tive , executive, p ro fe ss ion a l, and techn ica l em ployees, and f o r c e - account construction em ployees who are utilized as a separate w ork fo r c e are excluded . G afeteria w orkers and routem en are excluded in m anufacturing in du stries , but a re included as plant w orkers in nonmanufacturing industries .

Shift d ifferen tia l data (table B - l ) are lim ited to m anufacturing in du stries . This in form ation is presented both in term s of (a) estab lishm ent p o licy , 3 presented in term s of total plant w orker em ploym ent, and (b) effective p ra ctice , presented on the basis of w orkers actually em ployed on the sp ecified shift at the tim e of the survey. In establishm ents having varied d ifferen tia ls , the amount applying to a m ajority was used o r , if no amount applied to a m a jority , the cla ss ifica tion o th er was used.

M inimum entrance rates (table B -2 ) relate only to the establishm ents v is ited . They are presented on an establishm ent, rather than on an em ploym ent b a s is . Scheduled h ours; paid holidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans are treated sta tist ica lly on the basis that these a re applicable to a ll plant or o ffice w orkers if a m a jor ity of such w orkers a re elig ib le or m ay eventually qualify fo r the p ra ctice s listed . 4 B ecause of rounding, sums of individual item s in these tabulations do not n e ce ssa r ily equal totals.

The sum m ary of vacation plans is lim ited to form al a rran gem ents, excluding in form al plans w hereby tim e off with pay is granted at the d iscre tion o f the em ployer. Separate estim ates are provided

3 An establishm ent was con sidered as having a p o licy if it m et either of the follow ing conditions: ( l ) Operated late shifts at the time of the su rvey , or (2) had form a l p rov ision s coverin g late shifts.

4 Scheduled w eekly hours fo r o ffice w ork ers (first section of table B -3 ) are presented in term s o f the proportion of wom en o ffice w orkers em ployed in o ffice s with the indicated w eekly hours fo r wom en w o rk e rs .

1Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

2accord ing to em ployer p ra ctice in com puting vacation paym ents, such as tim e paym ents, percen t o f annual earn ings, or fla t-su m am ounts. H ow ever, in the tabulations o f vacation allow ances by years 6f s e rv ice , payments not on a tim e basis w ere converted ; fo r exam ple, a payment of 2 percent o f annual earnings was con sidered as the equivalent of 1 w eek 's pay.

Data are presented fo r a ll health, insurance, and pension plans fo r which at least a part of the cost is borne by the em ployer, excepting only lega l requirem ents such as w orkm en 's com pensation and soc ia l secu rity . Such plans include those underw ritten by a com m erc ia l insurance com pany and those provided through a union fund or paid d irectly by the em ployer out of current operating funds or from a fund set aside fo r this pu rpose . Death benefits are included as a form of life insurance.

Sickness and accident insurance is lim ited to that type of in surance under which predeterm ined cash paym ents are m ade d ire ct ly to the insured on a w eekly or m onthly basis during illn ess or accident disability . Inform ation is presented fo r a ll such plans to which the em ployer contributes. H ow ever, in New Y ork and New J ersey , which have enacted tem porary d isab ility insurance laws which requ ire em p loyer contributions, 5 plans are included only if the em ployer ( l ) con tributes m ore than is lega lly requ ired , or (2) provides the em ployee

with benefits which exceed the requ irem ents of the law. Tabulations o f paid s ick -lea v e plans are lim ited to fo rm a l plans which prov ide fu ll pay or a proportion of the w ork er 's pay during absence from w ork because o f illn ess . Separate tabulations a re provided accord in g to ( l ) plans which provide full pay and no waiting p eriod , and (2) plans providing either partial pay or a waiting p er iod . In addition to the presentation o f the proportions of w ork ers who are prov ided sickn ess and accident insurance or paid s ick leave , an unduplicated total is shown of w orkers who re ce iv e either or both types of benefit.

Catastrophe insurance, som etim es re fe rre d to as extended m ed ica l insurance, includes those plans w hich are designed to p ro tect em ployees in case o f sickness and in jury involving expenses beyond the norm al coverage of hospitalization, m ed ica l, and su rg ica l plans. M edica l insurance re fers to plans provid ing fo r com plete or partia l paym ent of d o c to r s ' fe e s . Such plans m ay be underw ritten by co m m e rc ia l in surance com panies or nonprofit organ izations or they m ay be s e lf - insured. Tabulations of retirem ent pension plans a re lim ited to those plans that provide monthly payments fo r the rem ainder of the w o rk e r 's life .

5 The tem porary d isability laws in C a liforn ia and Rhode Islanddo not requ ire em ployer contributions.

Table 1: Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied in Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn. , by major industry division, December 1955

Industry division

Minimumsize

establishment

in scope of study 2

Number of establishments Workers in establishments

Within scope of

studyStudied

Within scope of study Studied

Total3 Office Plant T otal3

All d ivision s--------------------------------------------------------------------- 51 950 234 227,300 46,600 140,900 138,950

Manufacturing -------------------------------------------------------------- 51 395 86 113,200 16,200 77,200 69,480Nonmanufacturing------------------------------------------------------------ 51 555 148 114,100 30,400 63,700 69,470

Transportation (excluding railroads),communication, and other public utilities 4 ------ 51 65 23 25,800 4 ,500 16,400 20,310

Wholesale t r a d e --------------------------------------------------------- 51 127 37 17, 100 5,900 6,800 8,200Retail tr a d e ----------------------------------------------------------------- 51 197 40 42,100 5,500 32,000 25,890Finance, insurance, and real e s ta t e ---------------------- 51 86 29 18,400 13,300 5 1,200 11,970Services 6 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 51 80 19 10,700 (7 ) n 3,100

1 The Minneapolis-St. Paul Metropolitan Area (Anoka, Dakota, Hennepin, and Ramsey Counties). The "workers within scope of study" estimates shown in this table provide a reasonably accurate description of the size and composition of the labor force included in the survey. The estimates are not intended, however, to serve as a basis of comparison with other area employment indexes to measure employment trends or levels since (l) planning of wage surveys requires the use of establishment data compiled considerably in advance of the pay period studied and (2) small establishments are excluded from the scope of the survey.

2 Includes all establishments with total employment at or above the minimum size limitation. All outlets (within the area) of companies in such industries as trade, finance, auto repair service, and motion-picture theaters are considered as 1 establishment.

3 Includes executive, technical, professional, and other workers excluded from the separate office and plant categories.4 Also excludes taxicabs, and services incidental to water transportation.5 Estimate relates to real estate establishments only.6 Hotels; personal services; business services; automobile repair shops; radio broadcasting and television; motion pictures; nonprofit membership organizations; and

engineering and architectural services.7 This industry division is represented in estimates for "a ll industries" and "nonmanufacturing" in the Series A and B tables, although coverage was insufficient to

justify separate presentation of data.


3Wage Trends fo r Selected O ccupational Groups

Tabulated below are indexes o f sa laries o f wom en o ffice c l e r i ca l w ork ers , and o f average earnings o f se lected plant w orker groups.

F o r o ff ic e c le r ic a l w ork ers , the indexes relate to average w eekly sa la r ies fo r n orm al hours o f w ork, that is , the standard w ork schedule fo r which stra ight-tim e sa laries are paid. F or plant w orker grou p s, the indexes m easu re changes in straight-tim e hourly earn ings, excluding prem ium pay fo r overtim e and for w ork on w eekends, h o lidays, and late sh ifts . The indexes are based on data for se lected key occupations and include m ost of the num erica lly im portant jobs within each group. E ighteen jobs were included in the o ffice c le r ic a l index; 10 sk illed m aintenance jobs and 3 unskilled jobs w ere included in the plant w ork er in dexes. See footnotes to table 2.

A verage w eekly sa laries or average hourly earnings w ere com puted fo r each o f the se lected occupations. The average sa laries o r hourly earnings w ere then m ultiplied by the average o f N ovem ber 1952 and N ovem ber 1953 em ploym ent in the jo b . These weighted earnings for individual occupations w ere then added to obtain an aggregate fo r each occupational group . F in a lly , the ratio o f these group aggregates fo r a given year to the aggregate fo r the base period (survey month, winter 1952-53) was com puted and the result m ultiplied by the base year index (100) to get the index fo r the given year.

The indexes m easure p rin cipa lly the effects o f ( l ) general sa lary and wage changes; (2) m erit o r other in crea ses in pay r e ce ived by individual w orkers while in the sam e job ; and (3) labor turnover or fo rce expansion or reduction . A fo r ce expansion might in crea se the proportion o f low er paid w orkers in a sp ecific o c cu pation and resu lt in a drop in the index, w hereas a reduction in the p roportion o f low er paid w ork ers would have the opposite e ffect. The indexes are a lso affected by shifts in the p roportion o f w orkers em ployed by establishm ents with different pay le v e ls . F or exam ple, the m ovem ent o f a high-paying establishm ent out of an area could cause the index to d rop , even though no change in rates o ccu rred in other area establishm ents.

The use o f constant em ploym ent weights elim inates the effects o f changes in the p roportion o f w orkers represen ted in each job in cluded in the index. N or are the indexes influenced by changes in standard work schedules o r in prem ium pay fo r overtim e, since they are based on pay fo r stra ight-tim e hours .

Indexes fo r the p eriod 1952 to 1955 fo r w orkers in 17 m ajor labor m ark ets , appeared in BLS B ull. 1172, Wages and Related B enefits , 17 L abor M arkets, 1954-55-

Table 2: Indexes of standard weekly salaries for office clerical1 and average straight-time hourly earnings for selected plant occupational groups* in Minneapolis-St. Paul, M inn., November 1954 and December 1955 and percent of increase for selected periods

Industry and occupational group

Indexes(November 1952 = 100) Percent increases from

December1955

November1954

November 1954 to

December 1955

November 1953 to

November 1954

November 1952 to

November 1953

November 1951 to

November 1952

November 1951 to

December 1955

All industries:Office clerical (women) 114. 1 109.9 3 .8 3 .3 6 .3 6 .7 21 .7Skilled maintenance (men) __ __ __ _____ __ 115. 5 110.2 4 .9 3 .3 6 .6 7 .9 2 4 .6Unskilled plant (men) __ __ _____ __ ________ 117. 1 111.6 4 .9 4 .9 6 .4 8 .1 2 6 .6

Sianuf ac tur ing:Office clerical (women) ___ _____ __ __ __ _____ _ 113.3 109. 6 3 .4 3 .6 5 .8 9.1 23 .6Skilled maintenance (men) __ ________ _____ __ _ 113.9 108.1 5 .4 1 .4 6 .7 9 .4 2 4 .6Unskilled plant (m en )_________________________________ 115. 5 110.9 4 .2 4 .8 5 .8 7.2 23 .8

Based on data for the following jobs: 2 Based on data for the following jobs:

Office clerical (women):B illers, machine (billing machine)Bookkeeping-machine operators, class A and BComptometer operatorsClerks, file , class A and BClerks, orderC lerks, payrollKey-punch operatorsOffice girlsSecretariesStenographers, general Switchboard operators Switchboard operator-receptionists Tabulating-machine operators Transcribing-machine operators, general Typists, class A and B

Skilled maintenance (men): Carpenters Electricians Machinists MechanicsMechanics, automotive Millwrights Painters Pipefitters Sheet-metal workers Tool and die makers

Unskilled plant (men):Janitors, porters, and cleaners Laborers, material handling WatchmenDigitized for FRASER

http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

A: Occupational Earnings 5

Table A-l: Office O ccupations(Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings1 fo r se lected occupations studied on an area basis

in M inneapolis-St. P aul, Minn. , by industry division , D ecem ber 1955)

Sex, occupation , and industry d ivisionNumber

ofworkers

Avxbaqb N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S OF

W eeklyhours

(Standard)

W eeklyearnings

(Standard)

Under$35.00

$35.00

and under 40. 00

$40.00

45.00

$45.00

50.00

$50.00

55.00

$55.00

60.00

$60.00

65.00

$65.00

70.00

$70.00

75.00

$75.00

80.00

$80.00

85.00

$85.00

90.00

$90.00

95.00

$9S00

100.00

$100.00

105.00

$105.00

110.00

$110.00

115.00

$115.00andover

Men

C lerk s, accounting, c la ss A __ __ __ __ ____ __ __ _ 621 40.0 79.50 _ _ _ 3 24 64 71 76 87 103 59 50 47 21 9 6 1M anufacturing----------------------------------------- _ -------- __ _ 253 39.5 78. 50 - - _ - - 10 23 24 37 50 42 29 12 22 3 1 _ _Nonmanufacturing ------- __ ------- __ ________ ____ _ 368 40.0 80.00 - - - - 3 14 41 47 39 37 61 30 38 25 18 8 6 1

W holesale trade ----- ----------------------- --------------------- 131 40.0 73. 50 - - - - - 6 27 17 22 11 36 10 1 - 1 - - -C lerk s, accounting, c la ss B __ __ __ ____ __ ____ _ 332 39.5 63.00 _ _ 5 8 38 59 89 66 46 19 2 _ . _ _

Manufacturing _ __ __ _ ____ ____ ____ __ _ 108 40.0 63.00 _ _ _ 1 17 13 31 28 13 5 - > - _ _ _N onm anufacturing_______ ___________ ___________ _ 224 39.5 63.00 - - 5 7 21 46 58 38 33 14 2 - - - - - - *

C le rk s , o r d e r ___ _______________ __ _____ __ _____ __ _ 485 40.0 76.00 _ _ _ 2 5 38 41 58 55 71 130 47 30 2 3 . 3M anufacturing__________________________ __________ 145 40.0 76.50 _ _ _ 2 2 5 18 30 10 4 31 22 21 _ _ . _Nonmanufacturing _____________________ __ __ __ __ _ 340 40.0 75.50 - _ _ - 3 33 23 28 45 67 99 25 9 _ 2 3 3

W holesale trade __ __ _ _ _ 262 40.0 75.00 - - - - - 28 22 24 31 48 85 10 9 - 2 - - 3

O ffice b o y s ___ __ _ _ . . . __ 220 39.5 46.00 30 75 75 19 13 2 2 _ . 4 _ _M anufacturing___ ___________ _____________________ _ 67 40.0 45.50 - 7 28 19 4 8 1 _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _Nonmanufacturing _____________________________________ 153 39.5 46.00 - 23 47 56 15 5 1 2 " - 4 - - - - - - -

T abulating-m achine operators _________________________ _ 337 39.5 69.50 _ 2 31 20 24 43 38 46 66 38 15 7 6 1 _ _ _M anufacturing_____________ ______________________________ 112 40. 0 74.50 - > _ 1 _ 5 12 16 20 20 25 10 _ 2 1 _ - _N onm anufacturing___________ ________________________ 225 39.0 67.00 - - 2 30 20 19 31 22 26 46 13 5 7 4 - - - -

F inance * ----------------------------------------------------------------- 166 38.5 64.00 - " 2 27 18 15 28 15 24 25 8 4 - - - - -

Women

B il le r s , m achine (b illing m achine) __ _______________ _ 186 39.5 52.00 _ 3 27 49 47 32 12 2 10 3 1 _ _ .Nonmanufacturing __________________ _______________ _ 173 39.5 51.50 _ 3 27 49 47 24 7 2 10 3 1 - - - - - _ _

Public utilities * --------------------------------------------------- _ 43 40.0 60.50 _ _ 2 3 15 4 3 2 10 3 1 _ _ - _ - _ _Retail trade __________________ _______________ __ _ 60 40.0 49.00 - 3 13 11 22 11 - - - - - - - - - - - -

B il le r s , m achine (bookkeeping m achine) ___ ____ __ _ 96 39.5 56.00 _ _ 7 36 15 17 2 4 1 14 _ _ _ _ _ _ _Nonmanufacturing _____________________ ___________ _ 96 39.5 56.00 - - 7 36 15 17 2 4 1 14 - - - - - - - -

Bookkeeping-m achine op era tors ,c la ss A _____________________________________________ _ 143 39.5 62.00 _ _ 1 33 29 26 40 7 4 _ _ 3 _ _ - _

Bookkeeping-m achine op era tors ,c la ss B ___ .. . _____ .... ...... 864 39.5 52.00 _ 31 149 164 227 161 81 30 4 12 5 _ _ _ _ _ _

Manuf ac tur in g ______ ____________________________________ 236 40.0 58.00 _ - 6 16 70 55 59 18 3 4 5 - - - * - _ _Nonmanufacturing _______________________________ ____ 628 39.5 50.00 _ 31 143 148 157 106 22 12 1 8 - - - - - - _ -

Wholes ale trade _________________________________ _ 137 40.0 54.00 _ 13 18 46 35 16 9 _ _ - - _ _ _ - _ _R etail trade _________________________________________ 141 40.0 53.00 _ 1 17 27 40 47 1 - - 8 _ - - - _ _ _ _F inance** _ ... _ ... _ 317 39.0 46.50 - 30 109 101 47 24 4 1 1 - - - - - - - - -

C lerk s, accounting, c la ss A _________ _________________ 595 39.5 66.50 _ . 7 13 48 110 124 58 113 69 23 13 16 _ _ 1 . .M anufacturing___ _____________________________________ 118 40.0 63.50 _ _ _ 5 15 26 28 12 17 8 2 4 - - - 1 - _Nonmanufacturing _____________________________________ 477 39.5 67.00 _ _ 7 8 33 84 96 46 96 61 21 9 16 - - - _ -

F inance** ___ . ___ _ 91 38. 5 66.00 - - - 1 1 24 23 9 15 14 - 4 - - - - - -C le rk s , accounting, c lass B ----------------------------------------- _ 2 ,174 39.5 52.00 4 137 369 409 566 287 186 123 54 38 _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ _

M anufacturing_____________________________________ __ _ 374 39.5 54.50 _ _ 48 60 130 51 41 28 12 3 - - 1 - - - - -Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------- ------------------ 1,800 39. 5 51.50 4 137 321 349 436 236 145 95 42 35 - - - - - - - -

P ublic utilities * ________ 391 39.0 57.00 _ _ 33 63 106 42 53 36 31 27 _ - - - _ _ _ _W holesale trade _________________ ________ __ __ _ 212 40.0 53.00 _ 8 28 41 40 52 26 11 6 - - - _ - - - _ -R etail trade _________________________________________ 485 40.0 50.50 3 25 122 113 94 58 27 35 - 8 ~ - ~

S ee foo tn o te at end o f ta b le .* T ra n sp o rta t io n (ex c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , co m m u n ica tio n , and o th er pu b lic u t ilit ie s .* * F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and re a l e s ta te .

O ccu p a tion a l W age S u rv e y , M in n e a p o lis -S t . P a u l, M in n ., D ece m b e r 1955U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F LA B O R

B u reau o f L a b or S ta tistics


6(Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings1 for se lected occupations studied on an area basis in M inneapolis-St. Paul, Minn. , by industry division , Decem ber 1955)

Table A - li. Office. Occupation* - Continued

Average NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $Sex, occupation, and industry division of Weekly Weekly Under 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.0Cworkers hours earnings $ and(Standard) (Standard) 35 00 under - - - - - - * - - - - - - - - and40.00 45.00 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95. 00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 over

Women - Continued

C lerks, file , class A -------------------------------------------------------- 246 39.5$55.00 _ . 6 67 54 61 41 8 2 4 2 1 _ _ _ _

Manufacturing----- ------------------------------------------- ------- 133 40.0 54.00 - - - 53 23 35 16 3 - - 2 1 - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing ___________ ______________ ____ 113 39.5 56.00 - - 6 14 31 26 25 5 2 4 - - - - *

C lerks, file , class B -------------------------------------- --------------- 1,22 7 39. 5 44.00 31 205 514 306 111 48 9 3 _ . . _ _ _ _ _ _Manufacturing-------------------- ------- ----------------------- __ 246 39.5 45.00 3 36 79 103 21 - 1 3 - - - - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------------------------------- 981 39.5 44.00 28 169 435 203 90 48 8 - - - - - - - - - - -

Public utilities * --------------------------------- __ ---------- 53 40.0 47. 50 - _ 24 7 12 8 2 - - - - - - - - - - -Wholesale trade __________________________________ 158 40.0 49.00 - 13 46 24 37 34 4 - - - - - - - - - - -Retail trade ------------------------------------------------ __ 170 40.0 44.00 8 34 58 54 12 2 2 - - - - - - - - - - -Finance ** ---------------------- ----------------------------------- 502 39.0 42.50 19 111 241 98 29 4 - - - - - - - - - - - -

C lerks, o r d e r _____________________________________________ 261 39.5 54.00 _ 22 29 29 66 25 61 14 10 5 _ _ _ _ _M anufacturing---- ---------------------- ---------------------------- 80 39.0 59.00 - - 3 - 19 12 37 4 3 - 2 - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing __ __ __________________ ____ __ 181 40.0 52.00 - 22 26 29 47 13 24 10 7 - 3 - - - - - - -

Retail trade --------------------- ------------ -------------- 101 40.0 46.00 - 22 26 20 25 4 4 - - - - - - - - -

C lerk s , p a y ro ll_________________________ ________ __ __ 576 40.0 59.00 1 2 23 67 99 133 103 65 48 20 10 3 1 1 _ _ _ _M anufacturing______________________________________ 2 90 40.(3 _ _ n 31 50 73 70 38 12 4 1 - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing ___________ _____________________ 286 39.5 60.00 1 2 12 36 49 60 33 27 36 16 9 3 1 1 - - - -

Public utilities * _____________________________ 57 40.0 60. 50 _ _ 16 6 4 9 9 10 1 1 - - 1 - - - -Wholesale trade ________________ __ __ ____ 67 40.0 65. 50 _ _ _ 7 5 15 2 9 17 3 8 - 1 - - - - -Retail trade ____ ________________________ ____ 92 39.5 58.00 - 1 9 11 12 34 9 2 - 11 - 3 - - - - -

Comptometer operators ____ ________ ________ ___ 780 39.5 57.00 ! 1 52 114 181 154 144 52 27 54 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _M anufacturing_____________________________ __ ______ 206 40.0 58.00 - - 5 19 52 43 39 31 16 1 - - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing __ ------------------------------------------------ 574 39-0 56.50 1 1 47 95 129 111 105 21 11 53 - - - - - - - -

W holesale trade ___ ____ ________ ___________ 254 39.5 56.00 _ _ 6 40 79 54 54 15 2 4 - - - - - - - -Retail trade ------------------------------------------- ------------ 206 39.0 58.00 - 1 25 34 38 30 22 3 6 47 - - - - - -

Duplicating-m achine operators(mimeograph o r ditto) ________________ ______ __ __ 84 40.0 51.50 _ 4 29 15 6 9 10 8 3 - - - - - - - - -

Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------------- ------- ---- 54 40.0 50.50 - 3 21 9 4 2 10 2 3 - - - - - - - - -

Key-punch operators __ ____________________________ 657 39.5 50.50 1 29 134 172 151 91 56 20 2 1 _ _ _ _ . _ _Manufacturing __ __ _______________________ __ ____ 187 40.0 54. 50 - - 6 38 57 43 33 10 - - - - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing __ ________________________ __ __ 470 39.5 49.00 1 29 128 134 94 48 23 10 2 - 1 - - - - - - -

Public utilities * __________________________________ 67 40.0 52.00 - _ 19 16 12 4 6 8 1 - 1 - - - - - - -F inance** _______________________________________ 269 39.0 48.00 - 28 67 78 56 25 14 1 - - - - - - - - -

O ffice girls _______________________________ ___________ 426 39.0 41.50 8 175 163 56 16 2 4 2 _ _ > _ _ _ _ _ _Manufacturing_________ _________ _________________ F T 39.5 43.00 - 21 21 11 \ ~ ----- - 2 - - - - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing __________________________________ 365 39.0 41.50 8 154 142 45 10 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - - -

Public utilities * ___________ __________________ 31 40.0 49.50 _ - 10 12 3 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - - -Retail trade ________________________ ___________ 47 40.0 41.50 3 14 25 4 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -F inance** _ 235 38. 5 40.00 5 130 77 22 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Secretaries ___________ _______________________________ 1,940 39.5 68. 50 17 86 307 398 428 2 62 158 135 68 41 27 7 3 3 _M anufacturing_______________________________________ m r 10 ; i r 70750.. - _ _ - ~T 2 94 153 176 154 66 84 33 26 9 1 1 3 -Nonmanufacturing _______________________________ __ 1,128 39.5 66. 50 _ _ _ 17 74 213 245 252 108 92 51 35 15 18 6 2 - -

Public utilities * __________________________ ______ 149 40.0 69- 50 _ _ _ _ 14 38 14 23 13 9 7 10 11 5 3 2 - -Wholesale trade 265 40.0 68. 50 _ _ _ 3 18 32 49 64 47 17 14 11 - 7 3 - - -Retail trade _______________________________________ 222 40.0 65.00 _ _ _ 5 5 43 71 43 15 22 14 3 1 - - - - -F inance** * _ ............... 317 39.0 68.00 - - - 4 61 76 76 31 35 16 11 3 4

' ~

See footn otes at end o f tab le .* T ra n sp o rta tio n (exc lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ica tio n , and o th er p u b lic u tilit ie s** F in a n ce , in s u ra n ce , and re a l e s ta te .


7(Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings1 for se lected occupations studied on an area basis in M inneapolis-St. Paul, M inn ., by industry d ivision , D ecem ber 1955)

Table A-l: Office Occupations - Continued

Sex, occupation, and industry d ivision

Average N U M B E R OF W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S OFNumber $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

o fworkers

W eeklyhours

(Standard)

W eeklyearnings

(Standard)

U n d e r$3 5 .0 0

3 5 .0 0 a n d

u n d e r4 0 .0 0

4 0 .0 0

4 5 .0 0

4 5 .0 0

5 0 .0 0

5 0 .0 0

5 5 .0 0

5 5 .0 0

6 0 .0 0

6 0 .0 0

6 5 .0 0

6 5 .0 0

7 0 .0 0

7 0 .0 0

7 5 .0 0

7 5 .0 0

8 0 .0 0

8 0 .0 0

8 5 .0 0

8 5 .0 0

9 0 .0 0

9 0 .0 0

9 5 .0 0

95.00

100 .00

100.00

105.00

105.00

110.00

110.00

115.00

115.00and

over

2 ,4 0 8 3 9 .5$5 6 .5 0 13 127 3 7 7 687 4 6 9 3 2 5 2 0 5 107 71 15 8 3 1

892 4 0 . 0 5 7 . 50 - - 32 111 212 2 33 131 88 42 33 4 4 1 1 _ _ _1 ,5 1 6 3 9 .5 5 5 .5 0 _ 13 95 2 6 6 4 7 5 2 3 6 194 117 65 38 11 4 2 _ _ _ _ _

2 9 7 4 0 .0 6 2 .0 0 _ _ 10 48 40 34 47 4 6 38 17 11 4 2 _ _ _ _3 0 3 3 9 .5 5 8 .5 0 - 3 14 2 6 67 62 78 2 6 8 19 _ _ _ _ _ _2 6 4 4 0 .0 5 3 .5 0 _ - 15 45 100 72 19 13 - _ - - _ _ _ _4 5 5 3 9 .0 5 3 .0 0 - 9 51 128 115 56 47 2 8 19 2 - - - - - - - -

36 0 4 0 .5 5 5 .0 0 _ 8 4 6 51 91 58 56 23 12 13 1 _ 1 _ _ _83 4 0 .0 6 0 .5 0 - _ _ 7 18 16 17 15 5 3 1 _ 1 _ _ _ _

2 7 7 4 1 .0 5 3 .5 0 - 8 4 6 4 4 73 42 39 8 7 10 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _40 4 0 .0 6 5 .0 0 _ 1 3 11 9 2 4 10 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _62 4 0 .0 5 0 .0 0 _ 2 18 15 8 8 10 - 1 _ _ _ - _ _ _ >54 3 8 . 5 5 5 .0 0 - - 2 11 15 11 12 1 2 - - - - - - - - -

5 6 8 3 9 .5 5 2 .0 0 _ 20 76 124 169 65 90 12 6 4 1 _ _ _ _ 1 _ .193 3 9 .5 5 4 .0 0 _ - 19 32 59 2 9 45 3 3 1 1 _ _ _ _ 1 _3 7 5 3 9 .0 5 0 .5 0 - 20 57 92 110 36 45 9 3 3 _ _ _ _ _ _107 3 9 .5 5 2 .5 0 - 7 50 22 12 5 8 3 - - - - - - - - -

152 3 9 .5 5 8 .5 0 _ 9 7 15 13 37 2 8 19 10 12 2 _ _ _ _ _ .114 3 9 . 5 5 6 .0 0 _ 9 7 15 12 2 9 18 14 5 5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _

66 3 9 .0 5 4 .0 0 - 9 3 12 7 14 13 4 2 2 - - - - - - - -

6 9 6 3 9 .0 5 3 .0 0 8 4 6 193 2 2 0 106 88 7 15 132 0 0 3 9 .5 5 1 .5 0 _ _ 14 74 61 25 22 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _4 9 6 3 9 .0 5 3 .5 0 _ 8 32 119 159 81 66 3 15 13 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _2 0 6 3 9 .0 5 5 .0 0 - - _ 66 45 44 38 3 5 5 - _ _ _ - _ _ _173 3 8 .5 5 2 .5 0 - 8 30 42 2 9 31 19 - 6 8 - - - - - - - -

541 4 0 .0 5 4 .0 0 _ 1 33 140 148 108 76 31 1 3 _ _ _ _ _ _2 6 2 4 0 .0 5 4 .5 0 _ 1 2 52 89 57 4 6 15 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _2 7 9 3 9 .5 5 3 .0 0 - - 31 88 59 51 30 16 1 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _101 3 9 .0 5 0 .0 0 - 12 53 14 18 2 2 - - - - - - - - - -

2 ,4 3 6 3 9 .5 4 7 .5 0 5 11 4 9 7 6 639 421 117 96 59 7 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .748 39T5 50.00 - 2 159 2 6 9 175 57 35 51 - - - - _ _ - _ _ _

1 ,6 8 8 3 9 .5 4 6 .5 0 5 112 817 370 2 4 6 60 61 8 7 2 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _111 4 0 .0 5 7 .0 0 _ _ 5 15 2 9 23 2 7 3 7 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _331 4 0 .0 5 0 .0 0 _ 7 86 59 126 18 32 3 _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _143 4 0 .0 4 3 .5 0 1 19 73 38 12 _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _75 9 3 8 .5 4 4 .5 0 3 8 6 3 77 20 0 76 13. 2 2 - - " - * - - - - -

Women - Continued

Stenographers, generalM anufacturing------------N onm anufacturing__

P ublic utilities * W holesale trade _R etail trade ---------Finance ** ------------

Switchboard operators _M anufacturing------------N onm anufacturing__

P ublic utilities * _R etail trade ______Finance ** _______

Switchboard op era tor-recep tion istsM anufacturing_____________________Nonmanufacturing ________________

W holesale trade ______________

Tabulating-m achine operators .Nonmanufacturing __________

Finance ** _______________

T ranscrib ing-m achine op era tors ,g e n e r a l_______________________,___

Manufacturing -Nonmanufacturing ---------

W holesale trade -------Finance ** ___________

T y p is ts , c la ss A _______Manufacturing -Nonmanufacturing

Finance * * ____

T yp ists , c lass B _______M anufacturing_______Nonmanufacturing __

Public utilities * . W holesale trade .R etail trade _____Finance ** _______

Hours re fle ct the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular straight-tim e salaries and the earnings correspon d to these weekly hours. * Transportation (excluding ra ilroa ds), com m unication, and other public utilities.* * Finance, insurance, and real estate.


8Table A-2: Professional and Technical Occupations(Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings1 for se lected occupations studied on an area basis

in M inneapolis-St. Paul, Minn. , by industry division , Decem ber 1955)

Sex, occupation, and industry division Num berofworkers

Average N U M B E R OF W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S OF

W eeklyh ou n

(Standard)

W eeklyearnings

(Standard)

Under

50.00

$50.00

andunder55.00

$55.00

60.00

10.00

65.00

65.00

70.00

$70.00

75.00

$75.00

80.00

$80.00

85.00

$85.00

90.00

$90.00

95.00

$95.00

100.00

$100.00

loaoo

$105.00

110.00

$110.00

naoo

$115.00

120.00

f 20.00125.00

$125.00

130.00

$130.00

$ndover

Men

Draftsm en, s e n io r -------------------------------------------------------------- 580 40.0$93.50 _ _ . _ 2 13 51 101 77 84 64 101 36 13 18 12 5 3

Manufacturing----------------------------------------------------------------- 490 40 .0 93.50 - - - - 2 10 48 78 66 74 58 96 23 4 15 8 5 3Nonmanufacturing ------- ---------------------------- ----------- 90 40.0 95.00 " - 3 3 23 11 10 6 5 13 9 3 4

Draftsm en, ju n io r ------- ---------- ---- ---------------------------- _ 391 40.0 75. 50 3 20 67 73 59 43 22 20 57 16 10 1Manufacturing---------- ----------------------------- ----------- ----------- 351 39.5 74. 50 - 3 20 65 63 57 41 20 U 49 11 r ~ - - - -

T racers __ __ __ -------------------------------------- --------------------- 112 40.0 62.50 223 15 18 10 5 16 5 8 10 1 1Manufacturing __ __ ------- ------- ---------------------- _ 81 40.0 57.00 23 15 18 10 2 - 2 1 10 - - - - - - -

Women

N urses, industrial (reg istered ) _________________________ 108 40.0 75.00 11 16 30 22 20 6 3 mManufacturing ------------------------------------------------ __ _ 86 40.0 75.00 8 12 27 15 17 6 1

1 Hours re fle ct the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular straight-tim e salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.2 W orkers w ere distributed as follow s: 9 at $35 to $40; 10 at $40 to $45; 4 at $45 to $50.

Occupational Wage Survey, M inneapolis-St. Paul, Minn. , D ecem ber 1955U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

Bureau o f Labor Statistics


9(Average hourly earnings 1 for m en in selected occupations studied on an area basis in M inneapolis-St. Paul, M inn ., by industry division , D ecem ber 1955)

Table A-3: Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations

Occupation and industry division

C arpenters, maintenanceM anu factu ring-------------N onm anufacturing------

E lectr ic ian s, maintenanceM anu factu ring---------------N onm anufacturing--------

E ngineers, stationary -----M anu factu ring----------------N onm anufacturing---------

F irem en , stationary b o ile rM anu factu ring----------------Nonmanufacturing --------

H elpers, trades, m a in te n a n ce ----------M anu factu ring----------------------------------

M ach in e-tool op era tors , too lroom M a n u fa c tu r in g ---------------------------------

M achin ists, m aintenance --------------------M a n u fa c tu r in g ---------------------------------

M echanics, autom otive (maintenance)M anu factu ring----------------------------------N on m a n u fa ctu rin g--------------------------

Public utilities * ------------------------

M echanics, maintenanceM a n u fa c tu r in g ------Nonmanufacturing

M illw r ig h ts --------------------M anu factu ring-----------

O i le r s ------------------Manufacturing

P ain ters, maintenanceM anu factu ring--------Nonmanufacturing

P ip efitters , m a in te n a n ce ---------------Manufa c tu r in g ------------------------------

Sheet-m etal w ork ers , maintenance M anu factu ring------------------------------

Tool and die m akers ---------------------Manufacturing ----------------------------

N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S O F

Number Average $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ , $ $ $ $ $of hourly Under 1.50 1.60 1. 70 1.80 1.90 2 .00 2 .10 2 .20 2 .30 2 .40 2 .50 2 .60 2. 70 2 .80 2.90 3.00 3. 10workers earnings $

1. 50and

under - - - - - - - - - - - - - - and1 .60 1. 70 l.flO 1.90 2 .00 2. 10 2 .20 2 .30 2.40 2 .50 2 .60 2 .70 2.80 2 .90 3.00 3.10 over

215$2 .48 4 4 23 53 5 25 4 6 1 5 1 81 3

116 2 .38 - - - - 2 2 11 43 1 20 2 4 - 5 - 24 2 _99 2.61 - - 2 2 12 10 4 5 2 2 1 - 1 57 1 -

379 2. 52 - 2 25 28 50 31 64 42 11 49 12 4 57 4293 2 .48 - - - - - - 21 26 43 28 63 11 13 2 -------1 ------46 3

86 2 .65 - - - - - 2 4 2 7 3 1 7 36 10 2 11 1

544 2 .28 - _ - _ 27 42 45 83 126 n o 40 18 9 _ 26 _ 182 65 2.30 - - - - 12 10 43 52 2'4 64 13 12 4 - 26 - - -------5-----279 2 .26 - - - 15 32 2 31 102 46 27 6 5 - - - - 13

429 2 .0 4 13 6 25 47 59 32 96 33 28 54 _ _ 5 31 _ _223 2 .09 - 4 11 27 32 19 26 2l 20 21 - - 5 31 - - -2G6 1.98 13 2 8 20 27 13 70 12 8 33 - - - - * -

422 1.96 5 15 15 37 56 110 94 72 16 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _5TT5 1.93 5 15 14 3 1 55 45 65 Tl i - ~ - - - - - - -

199 2 .20 - - - - - 4 35 82 40 23 15 - - - . - _ -199 2.20 - - 4 ' 35 82 40 23 15 - - - - - - -

456 2 .46 3 17 14 61 30 165 86 27 40 3 7 1 2140 2.45 - - - - - 3 17 13 61 29 165 85 2 l 40 3 - 1 2

815 2. 19 , - _ _ 2 27 105 423 137 26 65 24 - 2 4 - _ -70 2. 26 - - - - - 4 3 22 17 9 13 - - 2 - - - -

745 2.19 - - - - 2 23 102 401 120 17 52 24 - - 4 - - -620 2.15 - - - - 1 13 96 395 95 16 - 4 - - -

528 2.22 2 5 7 13 34 27 88 55 71 134 35 43 1 13 _ _ _ _T 6 3 "2721 - - - 3 30 24 65 ' 46 42 ~T28 12 1 1 13 - - - .

163 2.23 2 5 7 10 4 3 23 9 29 6 23 42 - - - - - -

230 2. 37 - - - - 11 8 77 85 6 21 1 - - 21 _ -227 2. 37 - * - - 10 8 77 85 4 2l 1 * - 2l * -

136 1.96 2 3 74 31 7 3 2 _ 8 _ 6 _136 1.96 - - 2 3 74 31 7 3 2 * 8 - 6 - - - - -

184 2.53 _ _ 1 _ 1 22 3 9 39 3 3 1 101 > _ 1 _1b 2. 46 . . - - . - 12 1 4 25 2 3 - 30 - - - -

109 2 .5 7 - - - 1 - 1 10 2 5 16 1 - 1 71 - 1 -

171 2.52 _ _ 6 4 37 29 26 7 23 _ _ _ 39 -154 TTTO - - - - - 6 J 4 ' 37 29 2 6 2 14 - - - 36 -

65 2.45 _ _ 4 1 29 8 _ 1 2 _ _ 20 _ -6'4 "2745------ - 4 29"" 8 1 2 " - 20 -

674 2. 55 _ _ 11 4 65 59 131 150 75 60 119 _ _ _674 2 .55 11 4 65 59 131 150 75 60 119

1 Excludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Occupational Wage Survey, M inneapolis-St. Paul, Minn. , Decem ber 1955* T ra n sp o rta tio n (ex c lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , com m u n ica tion , and oth er pub lic u t i li t ie s . U .S . D E P A R T M E N T OF LA B O R

B u reau o f L a b or S ta tistics


10

(Average hourly earnings1 for se lected occupations2 studied on an area basis in M inneapolis-St. Paul, M inn ., by industry division , D ecem ber 1955)

Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations

Occupation and industry divisionN um ber

o fworkers

Averagehourly

earnings

N U M B E R O P W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S O F

Under$1.00

$1.00

and under 1. 10

$1. 10

1.20

$1.20

1.30.

$1.30

1.40

$1.40

1.50

$1.50

1. 60

$1.60

1.70

$1.70

1.80

$1.80

1.90

$1. 90

2 .00

$2 .00

2 .10

$2. 10

2 .20

$2 .2 0

2 .30

$2 .3 0

2 .40

$2 .40

2 .50

$2. 50

2. 60

$2. 60 and over

E levator op e ra to rs , passenger (men) __ __ 71$1.28 21 8 7 22 8 3 2

Nonmanufacturing ------------ ------------ 68 1.27 - 21 8 7 22 - 8 - - 2 - ~ -

E levator op era tors , passenger (women) ------- 298 1.32 37 11 13 19 12 189 7 2 1 7 _ _ _ - - - - -Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------------------- 2 90 1.32 37 11 13 19 12 188 - 2 1 7 - - - -

565 1.83 _ 17 10 _ 2 29 78 52 143 _____96 127 _ 11 - - - -Manufacturing ------- _ -------- 462 1.88 - - - - - - 24 70 24 110 96 127 - 11 - - - -Nonmanufacturing ------- ---- ------------ _ 103 1.61 - 17 10 2 5 8 28 33 "

Janitors, porters , and cleaners (men) -------- 2 ,526 1.46 65 333 185 153 205 212 449 508 171 142 57 40 6 _ _ - - -M anufacturing----------------- ---------------------- 1,049 1.62 _ 9 27 24 74 97 117 384 144 103 24 40 6 - - - - -Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------------------- 1,477 1.35 65 324 158 129 131 115 332 124 27 39 33 - - - - - - -

Public utilities * ------------------------------------------ 174 1.63 - 2 - 19 - 6 35 54 19 30 9 - - - - -Wholesale trade --------------- ----------------- 84 1.49 - 7 7 7 - 18 7 23 7 7 1 - - - - - - -Retail trade __ _ ---------- ---- 595 1.31 40 181 38 40 62 45 124 42 - - 23 - - - - - - -Finance ** ------ ----- ----------------------------- - 349 1.40 - 56 15 26 47 33 164 5 1 2 ~ ~ - ~ -

Janitors, p orters , and cleaners (w om en)----------- 808 1.28 59 113 48 368 44 21 92 56 4 3 _ _ _ _ - _ _Manufacturing ____ ____ ----- ---------------- 231 1.45 26 17 2 26 17 87 56 - - - - - - - - - Nonmanufacturing ------------ ----------------------------- 577 1.21 59 87 31 366 18 4 5 - 4 3

L aborers , m aterial handling __ ___________ __ 5, 145 1.82 73 33 40 61 105 94 125 770 490 1,173 1,049 924 31 44 _ 133 _ _M anufacturing---- 2,033 1.78 _ _ _ 15 67 58 78 ~Z09 379 355 228 96 15 - - 133 - -Nonmanufacturing ________ ________ __ 3,112 1.85 73 33 40 46 38 36 47 161 111 818 821 828 16 44 - - - -

Public utilities * __ __ ------- 1,092 1,98 - - - 10 5 - 48 - - 232 781 16 - - - - -W holesale trade ---- ------- ------ 1,089 1.86 - - 14 - 7 7 - 83 81 379 479 39 ~

Order fillers ____ ___ ____ _____ 2,397 1.77 40 91 46 107 46 63 45 98 307 469 848 174 20 43 _ _ -M anufacturing---------------------------------------------------- 467 1. 78 _ 3 - - r i 6 31 48 152 84 30 10 20 43 - - - -Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------------------- 1,930 1.77 40 91 43 107 46 17 14 50 155 385 818 164 - - - - - -

W holesale trade ---------------------- 1,216 1.89 _ _ - _ 7 8 3 28 126 349 533 162 - - - - - -Retail trade ~ ------------ ------------------------ 626 1.51 40 91 43 107 39 7 7 12 27 35 216 2 - - -

P a ck e rs , shipping (men) ______________ 900 1.81 10 5 37 25 5 100 37 505 166 6 1 3 - _ _M anufacturing---------------------------------------------------- 365 1.76 _ _ - 5 26 19 - 92 33 91 91 4 1 3 - - - -Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------- ------- 535 1.84 - - 10 - 11 6 5 8 4 414 75 2 _

Wholesale trade ------- ------------ 437 1.87 " " ~ 6 4 351 74 2

P a r k p r a , s h i p p i n g ( w n m e n ) _ _ ....... ............... . 435 1.32 20 75 22 32 115 93 41 27 5 5 _ _ - - - - - -Manufacturing _________________ _________________ 248 1.39 23 1 21 76 89 6 27 5 - - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing _____________________________ 187 1.24 20 52 21 11 39 4 35 - 5 "

R eceiving clerks __________________________________ 407 1.93 1 1 9 11 15 54 79 67 96 44 18 8 - 4 -M anufacturing________________________ _______________________ 231 1.99 _ _ _ _ _ - - 7 15 75 17 45 44 16 8 - 4 -Nonmanufacturing ____________________________ ____________ 176 1.86 - - - 1 1 9 11 8 39 4 50 51 2o ~ ~ -

Wholesale trade _______ _______ _________ ___ 87 1.98 - - - - - - - - 8 3 39 35 c ~ ~Retail trade __ ______________________ __________________ 78 1. 76 - - - 1 1 9 6 8 26 1 10 16 - " ~ ~

Shipping c l e r k s _______ _______ _________________________________ 363 1.98 _ 7 10 28 87 65 110 9 31 8 - - 8M anufacturing -------------------------------------- ------------------------------------ 199 1.97 - - - - - - - 9 9 76 38 33 3 19 8 - - 4Nonmanufacturing _________ 164 1. 99 - - - - - - 7 1 19 11 2 7 77L C 6L 12 - ~ 4

Wholesale trade ___ __________________ __ 113 1.99 8 11 23 O D D

See footn otes at end o f ta b le .* T ra n sp o rta tio n (exc lu d in g r a i lr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ica tio n , and o th er p u b lic u t ilit ie s .** F in a n ce , in su ra n ce , and re a l e s ta te .

O ccu p ation a l W age S u rv e y , M in n e a p o lis -S t . P a u l, M inn. , D e ce m b e r 1955U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R

B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta t is tics


11

(Average hourly earnings1 fo r se lected occupations1 2 studied on an area basis in M inneapolis-St. Paul, M inn ., by industry division , D ecem ber 1955)

Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations - Continued

Occupation and industry division NumberofworkersAveragehourlyearnings

NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF

Under$1.00

$1.00and

under1. 10

$1.10

1.20

$1.20

1.30

$1.30

1.40

$1.40

1.50

$1.50

1.60

$1.60

1. 70

$1 .70

1.80

$1.80

1. 90

$1.90

2 .00

$2.00

2 . 10

$2 . 10

2 .20

$2.20

2 .30

$ 2. 30

2 .40

$2.40

2.50

$2. 50

2 . 60

$ 2 . 60 and over

Shipping and receiv ing cle rk s ---------------------------- 231$1.92 12 28 30 22 56 39 25 6 9 4

Manufacturing __ _ __ __ __ _ 137 1.93 - - - - - - - 28 8 18 50 13 4 6 6 - - 4N onm anufacturing-------------------------------------------- 94 1.92 - - - - - - 12 - 22 4 6 26 21 - 3 - - -

W holesale trade -----------------------------------------. 62 1.99 - - - - - 14 1 4 19 21 - 3 - - -

r r u ck d r iv e rs 3 __ ---------- ------- -------- 3, 523 2.02 1 5 4 6 8 50 20 113 230 2,820 96 I l l 39 17 3Manufacturing __ __ ----------- 519 2 .07 - - - - - - 2 - 15 76 71 180 35 81 39 17 3 _Nonmanufacturing ------------------ __ 3,004 2.01 1 - - 5 4 6 6 50 5 37 159 2,640 61 30 - - - -

P ublic utilities * ___ _ _ _ _ _ 1,893 2.01 _ - - 5 4 5 5 20 1 2 5 1,800 41 5 _ _ _ _W holesale trade ___________________________ 592 2.02 _ - _ _ _ - - - 4 24 47 517 - - _ _ _ _R etail trade __ ____ __ 515 2.01 - - - - - - 1 30 - 11 105 323 20 25 - - - -

T ru ck d r iv e rs , light (under 1V 2 tons) ---------- 1,001 2.02 1 5 4 6 6 24 6 19 36 786 12 69 27Manufacturing __ __ ____ __ __ 141 2. 15 - - - - - - - 5 9 10 46 44 27 - -

T ru ck d rivers , m edium (lV a to andincluding 4 tons) __ __ __ __ __ 1,499 2.01 _ - - _ - - 2 26 12 80 148 1,116 72 17 12 14 - -

Manufacturing __ __ __ ------- 287 2 .0 4 _ - - - - - 2 - 10 53 48 97 35 16 12 14 - -Nonmanufacturing __ ________ __ __ 1,212 2.01 - - - - - - - 26 2 27 100 1,019 37 1 - - - -

P ublic utilities * _______________________ 711 2.01 _ - - _ - - - 20 - - 1 652 37 1 - - - -W holesale trade _____ __ __ __ 356 2.02 - - - - - - - 2 24 26 304 - - - - -

T ru ck d rivers , heavy (over 4 tons,tra ile r type) ------- __ __ ------- __ 637 2.03 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 14 9 597 8 1 _ 3 3 _

Nonmanufacturing __ __ __ ------------ ----- 604 2.03 - - - - - - - - 2 - - 594 8 - - - - -W holesale trade ------------------------------------ 131 2.05 _ - - _ - - - - 2 - - 129 - - - - - -R etail trade ------- _ __ __ __ 152 2.05 - " - - ~ - 144 8 ~ ~

T ru ck d rivers , heavy (over 4 tons, otherthan tra iler ty p e )____ __ ________ __ 178 2 .04 _ - _ _ - - - - - - 37 115 4 22 - - - -

Nonmanufacturing __ ____ __ __ ____ 132 2.02 - " - - - - - - " - 33 91 4 4 - - - -

rruckers. pow er (forklift) ... 550 1.93 4 21 6 16 85 63 56 251 24 22 1 1Mannfarturing 282 1.86 _ _ _ 4 21 6 16 71 62 18 36 24 22 - 1 1 -Nonmanufacturing 268 1.99 - - - - - - - - 14 1 38 215 * - -

rruckers. power (other than forklift) 197 1.89 2 6 17 66 24 26 5 51 _ _ .Manufacturing _ _ _ 177 1.88 - - - - - 2 6 17 64 24 8 5 51 ~ " * ~

Watchmen __ __ __ __ ________ __ ____ _____ 305 1.56 6 27 26 19 13 56 71 40 16 13 14 4Manufacturing __ ________ ___ __ __ _____ 129 1.67 - - ------- 5---- ------g----- 3 ----- 4----- -------8 ----- 19 12 6 14 4 - - - - -Nonmanufacturing ____ ____ __ __ __ __ __ 176 1.48 - 6 22 18 16 9 48 25 21 4 7 - - - - - - -

P ublic utilities * 43 1.67 2 9 9 18 4 1

1 Excludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.Data lim ited to men w orkers except where otherw ise indicated.

3 Includes all d rivers regard less o f s ize and type o f truck operated.* Transportation (excluding ra ilroa ds), com m unication, and other public u tilities.


B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions

Table B-1: Shift Differential Provisions 1

P ercent of manufacturing plant workers-

Shift d ifferential

(a)In establishm ents having form al provisions for

(b)Actually working on

Second shift work

Third or other shift work Second shift

Third or other shift

Total 86.9 78.6 13.4 2 .3

With shift pay differential ------------------------------------------------------- 86.2 78.6 13.2 2 .3

Uniform cents (per h o u r ) --------------------------------------------------- 66.6 59.0 9 .8 1.9

5 c e n t s ------------- -------------------------------------------------------------- 13.5 2 .5 2 .0 t6 cents ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- .4 _ -7 cents ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 .4 1.3 .4 -8, 87a c e n ts ----------------------------------------------------------------- 3. 5 1.1 . 7 -9 c e n t s -------------------------------------------- ------------------ ------------ 7. 7 7. 7 . 1 . 110 c e n t s --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28.5 16.8 4 .0 1. 111 c e n t s ------------ -------------------------------------------------------------- - 1.2 _ t12, 127z cents ------------------------------------------------------------- 1.3 4 .5 . 1 t1372 . 133/* c e n ts ------------------------------------------------------------- 3 .2 .8 .8 t14, 1472 cents ---------------------------------------------------------------- 2. 1 2. 8 .4 . 115 cents -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 .3 10. 5 1.0 .2Over 15 cents ----------------------------------------------------------------- .5 9 .8 .2 .3

Uniform percentage ------------------------------------------------------------ 18. 6 18. 6 3.2 . 3

5 percent ------------------------------------------- ----------------------------- 2 .3 _ . 1 _l l!z percent ----------------------------------------------------------------- 10.4 2. 3 1.9 t10 p e r c e n t ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 .9 2.2 1.2 t\2llz p e r c e n t ------------------------------------------------------------------- - 10.4 - .213 p e r c e n t ----------------------------------- ------------------------------------ - 3. 7 - -

O ther-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .9 .9 .3 .2

No shift d ifferential ----------------------------------------------------------------- . 7 - . 3 -

1 Shift differential data are presented in term s of (a) establishm ent p o licy , and (b) w orkers actually em ployed on late shifts at the tim e of the survey. An establishm ent was considered as having a policy if it m et either of the follow ing con d itions: ( l ) Operated late shifts at the tim e of the survey, or (2) had form al provisions covering late shifts,

f Less than 0 .05 percent.

Occupational Wage Survey, Minneapolis-St. Paul, M inn ., D ecem ber 1955U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

Bureau of Labor Statistics


15

Table B-2: Minimum Entrance Rates for Women Office W orkers'

Minimum rate (weekly salary)

Number of establishm ents with specified minimum hiring rate in

Allindustries

Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing

Based on standard weekly hours* of

Allschedules 40

A llschedules 3 7Va

Number of establishm ents with specified minimum hiring rate in

A ll industries

Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing

Based on standard weekly hours 1 2 of

A llschedules

A llschedules 37Va 40

Establishm ents studied 234 86 148 86

FOR INEXPERIENCED TYPISTS FOR OTHER INEXPERIENCED CLERICAL WORKERS

Establishm ents having a specified minimum 128 38 84 11 63 36 91

$30. 00 and under $ 32 .50 - $ 32 .50 and under $ 35 .00 ~ $35 .00 and under $37 .50 - $ 37 .50 and under $ 40 .00 - $ 40 .00 and under $ 42 .50 $42 .50 and under $ 45 .00 ~ $ 45 .00 and under $ 47 .50 - $47. 50 and under $ 50 .00 - $ 50 .00 and under $ 52. 50 $52. 50 and under $ 55.00 $ 55. 00 and o v e r ------- ------------

66

12114323

97731

1242

1310632

1

132

1110

522

1

5489

3013

345 3

11711

5356

21 102353

76

12184617104741

1123

1696

2

1

1113

1386

2

1

65

101530

8445 4

61 3

37

922

74354

E stablishm ents having no specified minimum 63 28 35 X XX 58 22 36

E stablishm ents which did not em ploy w orkers in this c a t e g o r y ------------------------------------------------ 42 14 28 X XX X X X 43 23

Data not available 1 X X X X X X 1 X X X

1 Lowest sa lary rate form a lly established fo r hiring inexperienced w orkers for typing or other c le r ica l jobs .2 Hours re fle ct the workweek fo r which em ployees receive their regular straight-tim e sa la ries . Data are presented fo r all workweeks com bined, and fo r the m ost com m on workweeks reported.

Occupational Wage Survey, M inneapolis-St. Paul, M inn., Decem ber 1955U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR



Table B-3: Scheduled W eekly Hours

W eekly hoursP E R C E N T OF O F F IC E W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D IN P E R C E N T O F P L A N T W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D IN

All 2 industries Manufacturing

Publicutilities*

Wholesaletrade Retail trade F in an ce* * Services


Public utilities *

Wholesaletrade Retail trade Services

All workers ------ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Under 37Va hours _ _ ------- t t 3 3 537Va hours _ __ _ 15 6 t 7 7 36 t t _ _ _Over 37Va and under 40 hours 13 14 - 5 26 t t _ _ _40 hours _ __ _ _ __ __ _ __ _ 69 77 99 91 86 38 77 73 98 97 85Over 40 and under 44 hours _ _ _ t t - - t _ t _ t 544 hours ____ __ _ __ _ _ __ t - - t - t - - 645 hours _ ____ __ ____ __ __ __ _ __ t t - - _ 6 9 _ 3 _46 hours _ __ _ _ _ __ - - _ _ t _ _ _ t48 hours ___________________________________ ____ - - - - - _ 4 5 _ _ tOver 48 hours _ _ __ ------------- t t - - - 3 5 - -

1 Data relate to women w orkers only.2 Includes data for s e rv ices in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.3 Includes data for real estate and se rv ices in addition to those industry divisions shown separately, t Less than 2. 5 percent.* Transportation (excluding ra ilroads), com m unication, and other public utilities.** Finance, insurance, and real estate.

Table B-4? Paid Holidays1

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N - PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN

ItemAll 2 industries Manufacturing Public . utilities *

Wholesaletrade Retail trade Finance** ServicesAll 3

industries 1 2 3 ManufacturingPublicutilities*


A ll workers __ ______ _____ __ __ __ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

W orkers in establishm ents providingpaid holidays __ __ __ ------ __ 100 100 100 100 100 100 98 98 98 100 100

L ess than 6 holidays ---- ------------ ------ - - - - - - t t - - 36 h o lid a y s____ ____ ________________ _______ 66 78 36 45 93 60 73 75 44 53 82

Full days only _ _ __ _______________ __ 51 54 35 42 93 38 61 54 44 50 82Plus 1 half d a y ___________________________ 6 15 - - - 4 9 17 - - -Plus 2 half days _________________________ 6 9 t 3 - 9 3 4 t 4 -Plus 3 half days --------------------------------------- t t - - - 5 - - - - -Plus 5 half days ____ __ __ __ __ t - - - - 3 - - - - -

7 holidays __ __ ______________ ____ __ __ 24 17 64 49 7 15 18 11 54 47 15Full days only _ ____ ____ ____ _ 17 8 38 44 6 15 16 11 42 47 12Plus 1 half d a y ------------------------------------------ t t - 5 t - t - - - tPlus 2 half days __ __ __ _____ 5 8 26 - - - t t 12 - tPlus 3 half days _________ _ __ _ _____ t - - - - - - - - - -

8 holidays _ __ _ __ __ _ 6 5 - 6 - 12 6 11 - - -Full days only _ _ __ ___________ __ 3 4 - - 6 - t I 5 9 - - -Plus 1 half day . _ _ ____ _____ __ _ t t - - - - T t - - -Plus 2 half days _________________________ 3 - - - - 10 - - - - -

9 holidays __ ________ __ _______ _____ __ 4 - - - - 13 - - - - -Full days only _ . _ _ - - - - - - - - - - -Plus 1 half d a y ___________________________ 4 - - - - 13 - - - - -

W orkers in establishm ents providing nopaid holidays ---------------------------------------------------- ~ - t t t

1 Estimates relate to fu ll-day holidays provided annually, as in ea rlier studies. These are further divided between workers who receive m ere ly the indicated number o f fu ll-day holidays, and those who receive 1 or m ore half holidays in addition.

2 Includes data fo r serv ice s in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. Occupational Wage Survey, M inneapolis-St. P aul, Minn. , D ecem ber 19553 Includes data fo r real estate and serv ices in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. U .S . DEPARTM EN T OF LABORf Less than 2. 5 percent. Bureau o f L abor Statistics* Transportation (excluding ra ilroads), ^ m m un ica tion , and other public utilities.** Finance, insurance, and rea l estate.


15

Table B-5: Paid Vacations

PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED INVacation p o licy All 2 industries WholesaletradeAll j industries Manufacturing Public utilities *

Wholesaletrade Retail trade Finance** Services Manufacturing Publicutilities* Retail trade

100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

METHOD OF PAYMENT

W orkers in establishm ents providing paidvacations ---------------------------------------------------------- 99 99 100 100 100 100 99 100 100 100 100

L ength -of-tim e p a y m e n t ------------------------------ 99 97 100 100 100 100 94 90 100 100 100Percentage p a y m e n t-------------------------------------- t 3 - - - - 5 8 - - -Other ---------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - - t t - _ _

W orkers in establishm ents providing no paidtvacations ----------------------------------------------------------- t - t - - - -

AMOUNT OF VACATION PAY

A fter 1 year of s e rv ice

1 w e e k ------------------------------------------------------------------- 30 21 70 37 77 3 77 85 77 69 62Over 1 and under 2 w e e k s ---------------------------------- t t t - - - 4 8 t _ _2 weeks ---------------------------------------------------------------- 69 77 29 63 23 94 18 8 22 31 38Over 2 and under 3 w e e k s --------------------------------- t - - _ - t _ _ _ - 4 weeks and o v e r ------------------------------------------------- - - - - t - - - -

A fter 2 years of s erv ice

1 w e e k ------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 8 11 18 20 _ 46 60 26 29 21Over 1 and under 2 weeks --------------------------------- t t _ _ - - 8 15 t t _2 weeks ---------------------------------------------------------------- 89 90 86 82 80 98 45 25 72 70 79Over 2 and under 3 weeks --------------------------------- t - 3 - _ t _ - _ - _4 weeks and o v e r -------------------------------------------------- - - - - t - - - -

A fter 3 years o f se rv ice

1 week ----------------------------------------------------------------- t t 4 _ 5 _ 11 18 t _ tOver 1 and under 2 weeks ----------------------------- t t - - - - 9 15 t 52 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------------------------- 96 95 94 100 95 98 78 63 96 95 98Over 2 and under 3 w e e k s ---------------------------------- t - 3 - - t t t - - -3 weeks ---------------------------------------------------------------- t t - - - t t - - -4 weeks and o v e r ----------------------------------------------- - - ~ t - -

A fter 5 years of se rv ice

Over 1 and under 2 weeks ---------------------------------tt

rt

~ : : t t- *

2 weeks ---------------------------------------------------------------- 89 86 97 100 95 82 90 86 100 100 93Over 2 and under 3 w e e k s ---------------------------------- 7 t 3 - - 18 3 5 - - -3 weeks --------------------------------------------------------------- 5 11 - - 5 - 6 8 - - 74 weeks and o v e r ------------------------------------------------- t

See footnotes at end o f table.* Transportation (excluding ra ilroads), com m unication, and other public u tilities. ** F inance, insurance, and rea l estate.

Occupational Wage Survey, M inneapolis-St. Paxil, M inn., Decem ber 1955U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR


NOTE: In the tabulations of vacation allowances by years o f s e rv ice , payments other than "length o f t im e ,"such as percentage of annual earnings or flat-sum paym ents, were converted to an equivalent time basis; for exam ple, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was con sidered as 1 w e e k 's pay.


16

Table B-& Paid Vacations - Continued 1

Vacation po licy

P E R C E N T O F O F F IC E W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D IN P E R C E N T O F P L A N T W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D IN

All , industries Manufacturing

Public . utilities *

Wholesaletrade Retail trade Finance * * Services

All a industries Manufacturing

Public _ utilities *

W holesaletrade R etail trade

A ll w o r k e r s ------- --------------------------------------------------- 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

AMOUNT OF VACATION PAY - Continued

After 10 years o f serv ice

1 week __ __ __ __ __ __ t t _ _ _ _ _2 weeks _ __ _ 63 51 47 69 90 69 67 54 62 71 92Over 2 and under 3 weeks 5 3 3 - - 12 6 11 t - -3 weeks _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ 32 45 50 31 10 20 27 35 37 29 84 weeks and over _ ---- - " ~ t ~

After 15 years o f serv ice

1 week __ __ __ t t _ _ _2 weeks _ _ 15 18 6 15 29 7 27 17 3 12 51Over 2 and under 3 weeks _ __ t - 3 _ - t t t - - -3 w e e k s --------- ------------ -------------------------------------- 83 81 92 85 71 91 70 79 97 88 49Over 3 and under 4 weeks ----- ----- ------- _ - - - _ - t t - - -4 weeks and over _____________ __ __ t t - t t -

A fter 20 years o f serv ice

1 w eek__ ____ ___________ ________ __ __ t t . _ _2 w e e k s ______ ________ ____ __ __ ------------ 14 17 4 15 28 4 26 16 3 12 48Over 2 and under 3 w eeks. __ __ __ ------- t - 3 - _ t t t - - -3 weeks ----------- -------------------------------------------------- ------- 79 82 93 78 71 76 70 78 97 88 504 weeks and over -------- _ __ __ ----------- 6 t - 6 t 18 3 5 t

A fter 25 years o f serv ice

1 w eek______ ____ ____ ____________ t t _ . _ _ _ _2 weeks __ __ __ __ _____________________________________ 14 17 4 15 27 4 24 14 3 12 46Over 2 and under 3 weeks __ __ ------- ------------------- t _ 3 _ - t t t - - -1 a 54 56 67 58 27 58 53 60 85 73 244 weeks and over ________ __ __ ______ ____ 31 27 26 26 46 36 23 25 12 16 29

1 Includes data for s e rv ices in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.Includes data for real estate and serv ices in addition to those industry divisions shown separately,

f Less than 2. 5 percent.* Transportation (excluding ra ilroa ds), com m unication, and other public u tilities.** F inance, insurance, and rea l estate.


17

Table B-6: Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans

P E R C E N T OF O F F IC E W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D IN P E R C E N T O F P L A N T W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D IN

Type o f plan All 1 industries Manufacturing

Public ^ utilities *

Wholesaletrade Retail trade Finance * * Services


Public utilities *


A ll w orkers __ ----- 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

W orkers in establishm ents providing:

L i f e i n s u r a n c e ............ ......... . . .... 91 95 96 89 64 97 88 89 97 97 77A ccidental death and d ism em berm ent

i n s u r a n c e , __ ............... ... .. ___ 45 54 19 52 30 45 48 48 29 69 48Sickness and accident insurance or

s i c k lea-y

Appendix: Job Descriptions19

The prim ary purpose o f preparing job descrip tion s for the Bureau*s wage surveys is to a ss is t its fie ld staff in c lass ify in g into appropriate occupations w ork ers who are em ployed under a variety o f payroll titles and d ifferent w ork arrangem ents from establishm ent to establishm ent and from area to area . This is essentia l in ord er to perm it the grouping o f occupational wage rates representing com parable job content. B ecause o f this em phasis on inter establishm ent and in terarea com parability o f occupational content, the B ureauls job descrip tion s m ay d iffer s ign ificantly from those in use in individual establishm ents or those p repared for other pu rp oses. In applying these job d escrip tion s, the B u rea u s fie ld represen tatives are instructed to exclude w ork ing su p erv isors , apprentices, lea rn ers , beg in n ers, tra in ees, handicapped w ork ers , p a rt-tim e, tem porary , and probationary w ork ers .

O f f i c e

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR - ContinuedB ILL E R , MACHINE

P re p a re s statem ents, b ills , and invoices on a m achine other than an ord in ary o r e lectrom a tic typew riter. May a lso keep re co rd s as to b illings o r shipping charges or p erform other c le r ic a l w ork in cidental to b illing op era tion s . F or wage study p u rp oses, b il le r s , m ach ine, are c la s s ifie d by type o f m achine, as fo llow s:

B ille r , m achine (billing m achine) - U ses a specia l b illing m achine (M oon Hopkins, E lliott F ish er, B urroughs, e t c . , which are com bination typing and adding m achines) to prepare b ills and in vo ices fro m cu s to m e rs1 purchase o rd e rs , internally prepared o r d e rs , shipping m em oranda, e tc . Usually involves application o f predeterm ined discounts and shipping charges and entry o f n e ce ssa ry exten sion s, which may or may not be com puted on the b illing m ach ine, and totals which are autom atically accum ulated by m ach ine. The operation usually involves a large num ber o f carbon cop ies o f the b ill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold m ach ine.

B ille r , m achine (bookkeeping m achine) - U ses a bookkeeping m achine (Sundstrand, E lliott F ish er, Rem ington Rand, e tc . , which m ay or m ay not have typew riter keyboard) to prepare custom ers* b ills as part o f ' the accounts receivable operation . G enerally involves the sim ultaneous entry o f figures on custom ers* ledger r e c o r d . The m achine autom atically accum ulates figures on a num ber o f v e r t ica l colum ns and com putes and usually prints autom atica lly the debit o r cred it balances. Does not involve a knowledge o f bookkeeping. W orks from uniform and standard types o f sa les and cred it s lip s .

BOOKKEEPING-M ACHINE OPERATOR

O perates a bookkeeping m achine (Rem ington Rand, E lliott F ish er , Sundstrand, B urroughs, National Cash R eg ister , with or without a typew riter keyboard) to keep a re co rd o f business tran sactions .

C lass A - Keeps a set o f re co rd s requiring a knowledge o f and experien ce in ba sic bookkeeping p rin cip les and fam iliarity with the structure o f the particu lar accounting system used. D eterm ines p roper re co rd s and distribution o f debit and cred it item s to be used in each phase o f the w ork . May prepare consolidated rep orts , balance sheets, and other re co rd s by hand.

C lass B - Keeps a r e co rd o f one o r m ore phases or sections o f a set o f re co rd s usually requiring little knowledge o f b asic book keeping. P hases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, custom ers* accounts (not including a sim ple type o f billing d escrib ed under b ille r , m achine), co st distribution , expense distribution, in ventory con tro l, e tc . May ch eck or a ss is t in preparation o f tria l balances and prepare con tro l sheets fo r the accounting departm ent.

CLERK, ACCOUNTINGC lass A - Under general .d irection o f a bookkeeper or account

ant, has resp on sib ility for keeping one or m ore sections o f a co m plete set o f books or re co rd s relating to one phase o f an estab lish m en t^ business tran sactions . W ork involves posting and balancing subsid iary ledger or led gers such as accounts rece ivab le or a c counts payable; exam ining and coding in voices or vouchers with proper accounting distribution; requ ires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and a lloca tion s. May a ss ist in preparing, adjusting, and closin g journal en tries; may d ire c t c la ss B accounting c le rk s .

C lass B - Under supervision , p erform s one or m ore routine accounting operations such as posting sim ple journal vou chers , accounts payable vou ch ers , entering vou chers in voucher reg is te rs ; recon cilin g bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers con tro lled by general le d g e rs . This job does not requ ire a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping p rin cip les but is found in o ffice s in which the m ore routine accounting w ork is subdivided on a functional basis among severa l w ork ers .


20

CLERK, FILE

C lass A - R esponsib le for maintaining an established filing system^ C la ss ifies and indexes corresp on d en ce or other m ateria l; m ay a lso file this m ateria l. May keep re co rd s o f variou s types in conjunction with files or supervise others in filing and locating m ateria l in the f i le s . May p erfo rm incidental c le r ica l duties.

C lass B - P e r fo rm s routine filin g , usually o f m ateria l that has already been c la ss ifie d , or loca tes or a ss is ts in locating m a teria l in the f i le s . May p erfo rm incidental c le r ic a l duties.

CLERK, ORDER

R ece iv es custom ers* o rd ers for m ateria l o r m erchandise by m ail, phone, or person a lly . Duties involve any com bination o f the fo llow ing: Quoting p r ice s to cu stom ers ; making out an order sheetlisting the item s to make up the ord er ; checking p r ice s and quantities o f item s on ord er sheet; distributing o rd er sheets to resp ective d e partm ents to be fille d . May check with cred it departm ent to d e te r mine cred it rating o f cu stom er, acknowledge rece ip t o f o rd ers from cu stom ers, fo llow up ord ers to see that they have been filled , keep file o f ord ers rece iv ed , and check shipping in vo ices with orig inal o rd e rs .

CLERK, PA Y R O LL

Com putes w ages o f com pany em ployees and enters the n e c e s sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating w orkers* earnings based on tim e or production re co rd s ; posting ca lcu lated data on payroll sheet, showing in form ation such as w orker*s nam e, working days, tim e, rate, deductions for insurance, and total w ages due. May make out paychecks and a ss is t paym aster in making up and d is tributing pay en velopes. May use a calculating m achine.

COM PTOM ETER OPERATOR

P rim a ry duty is to operate a C om ptom eter to p er fo rm m athem atical com putations. This job is not to be con fused with that o f statistical or other type o f c le rk , which m ay involve frequent use o f a Com ptom eter but, in which, use o f this m achine is incidental to perform ance o f other duties.

DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO)

Under general supervision and with no su p erv isory resp on sib ilities , rep rodu ces m ultiple cop ies o f typew ritten or handwritten m atter, using a m im eograph or ditto m ach ine. M akes n ecessa ry ad justm ent such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not requ ired to prepare stencil or ditto m a ster . May keep file o f used stencils or ditto m a sters . May sort, co lla te , and staple c o m pleted m ateria l.


K E Y -P U N C H O P E R A T O R

Under general supervision and with no su p erv isory re sp o n s ib ilit ies , r e co rd s accounting and sta tistica l data on tabulating cards by punching a series o f holes in the ca rd s in a sp ec ified sequence, using an alphabetical or a num erica l key-punch m achine, follow ing w ritten in form ation on re co rd s . May duplicate card s by using the duplicating device attached to m achine. K eeps f ile s o f punch ca rd s . May v er ify own w ork or w ork o f o th ers .

OFFICE BOY OR GIRLP e r fo rm s various routine duties such as running erran ds,

operating m inor o ffice m achines such as se a le rs or m a ile rs , opening and distributing m ail, and other m inor c le r ic a l w ork .

SECRETARYP e r fo rm s secretaria l and c le r ic a l duties for a su perior in an

adm inistrative or executive position . Duties include making appointm ents for su perior; rece iv ing people com ing into o ff ic e ; answ ering and making phone ca lls ; handling person a l and im portant o r c o n fidential m a il, and writing routine corresp on d en ce on own in itiative; taking dictation (where transcrib ing m achine is not used) either in shorthand o r by stenotype or sim ilar m ach ine, and tran scrib in g d icta tion or the re cord ed inform ation reprodu ced on a tran scrib in g m ach ine. M ay prepare specia l reports or m em oranda fo r in form ation o f su p erior .

STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL

P rim a ry duty is to take dictation fr o m one or m ore p erson s , either in shorthand or by stenotype or s im ila r m ach ine, involving a norm al routine vocabulary, and to tra n scr ib e this d ictation on a typ ew rite r . May a lso type from w ritten cop y . May a lso set up and keep file s in o rd e r , keep sim ple re co rd s , e tc . D oes not include tran - scrib in g -m ach in e w ork (see tra n scrib in g -m ach in e o p era tor).

STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL

P rim a ry duty is to take dictation fro m one or m ore p erson s , either in shorthand or by stenotype or s im ila r m ach ine, involving a varied tech n ica l or specia lized vocabu lary such as in lega l b r ie fs o r rep orts on scien tific resea rch and to tra n scr ib e this d ictation on a typew riter. May a lso type from w ritten cop y . May a lso set up and keep file s in order, keep sim ple r e c o r d s , e tc . D oes not include tran scrib in g-m ach in e w ork.

SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR

O perates a single- or m u ltip le -position telephone sw itchboard. Duties involve handling incom ing, outgoing, and intraplant or o ff ice c a lls . May re co rd toll ca lls and take m e ssa g e s . May give in fo r m ation to person s who ca ll in, or o cca s ion a lly take telephone o r d e r s . F or w ork ers who also act as recep tion ists see sw itchboard op e ra to r - recep tion ist.


SW IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R - RE C E P T IO N IST

In addition to perform ing duties o f op era tor, on a single p o s ition or m on itor-typ e sw itchboard, acts as reception ist and may a lso type or p e r fo rm routine c le r ica l w ork as part o f regu lar duties. This typing or c le r ic a l w ork may take the m ajor part o f this w orker*s tim e w hile at switchboard,,

TABULATIN G-M ACH INE OPERATOR

O perates m achine that autom atically analyzes and translates in form ation punched in groups o f tabulating card s and prints tran slated data on form s or accounting re co rd s ; sets or adjusts m achine; does sim ple w iring o f plugboards accord ing to established practice or d iagram s; p la ces ca rd s to be tabulated in feed m agazine and starts m achineo May file ca rd s after they are tabulated. M ay, in addition, operate au xiliary m ach in es.

TRANSCRIBING-M ACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL

P rim a ry duty is to tran scribe dictation involving a norm al routine vocabu lary fro m transcrib ing machine re c o r d s . May a lso type from w ritten copy and do sim ple c le r ica l w ork . W orkers transcrib in g dictation involving a varied technical or sp ecia lized vocabula ry such as lega l b r ie fs or reports on scien tific re se a rch are not

P r o f e s s i o n a l

DRAFTSM AN , JUNIOR

(A ssistant draftsm an)

D raw s to sca le units or parts o f drawings prepared by d ra ftsm an or oth ers fo r engineering, construction, or m anufacturing pu rp o se s . U ses variou s types o f drafting tools as requ ired . May p re pare draw ings from sim ple plans or sketches, or p er fo rm other duties under d irection o f a draftsm an.

DRAFTSM AN , LEADER

P lans and d ire cts activ ities o f one or m ore draftsm en in preparation o f w orking plans and detail drawings from rough or p re lim in ary sketches fo r engineering, construction , or m anufacturing pu rp oses . Duties involve a com bination o f the fo llow ing; Interpreting b lueprin ts, sketch es, and written or verbal o rd e rs ; determ ining w ork p roced u res ; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; perform in g m ore d ifficu lt p rob lem s. May a ss is t subordinates during


21

TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE O PE RA TO R , GENERAL - Continued

included A w orker who takes dictation in shorthand or by stenotype or s im ilar m achine is c la ss ifie d as a stenographer, general.

TYPIST

U ses a typew riter to make cop ies o f various m aterial or to make out b ills after calcu lations have been made by another person . May do c le r ic a l w ork involving little specia l training, such as keeping sim ple re co rd s , filing re co rd s and rep orts or sorting and d is tributing incom ing m ail.

C lass A - P e r fo rm s one or m ore o f the follow ing: Typingm ateria l in final fo rm from very rough and involved draft; copying from plain or co r re c te d copy in which there is a frequent and va ried use o f techn ica l and unusual w ords or from fore ign - language copy; com bining m ateria l from severa l sou rces , or planning layout o f com plica ted statistica l tables to maintain uniform ity and balance in spacing; typing tables from rough draft in final fo rm . May type routine form le tte rs , varying details to suit c ircu m sta n ces .

C lass B - P e r fo rm s one or m ore o f the follow ing: Typingfrom re la tive ly c lea r or typed drafts; routine typing o f fo rm s, insurance p o lic ie s , e t c . ; setting up sim ple standard tabulations, or copying m ore com plex tables a lready set up and spaced p roperly .

a n d T e c h n i c a l

DRAFTSM AN, LEADER - Continued

em ergen cies or as a regu lar assignm ent, or p erform related duties o f a su p erv isory or adm inistrative nature.

DRAFTSM AN, SENIOR

P rep a res working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches fo r engineering, construction , or manufacturing p u rp oses. Duties involve a com bination of the follow ing: P reparin g working plans, detail draw ings, m aps, c ro s s -s e c t io n s , etc., to sca le by use o f drafting instrum ents; making engineering com putations such as those involved in strength o f m ateria ls , beam s and tru sses ; verify ing com pleted w ork , checking d im ensions, m ateria ls to be used, and quantities; w riting specifica tion s ; making adjustm ents or changes in drawings or sp ecifica tion s . May ink in lines and letters on pencil draw ings, prepare detail units o f com plete draw ings, or tra ce draw ings. W ork is f

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