L “2., 3/ ) S 7 ^ f 'Ll LMontgomery Co.

ubtic Library

DEC 4 - 1968

A re a Wage S u r v e y

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Region IJohn F. Kennedy Federal Building Government Center, Room 1603-B Boston, Mass. 02203

Tel. : 223-6762 (Area Code 617)

Region II 341 Ninth Ave.New York, N. Y. 10001

T el.: 971-5405(Area Code 212)

Region IIIPenn Square Building Room 406 1317 Filbert Street Philadelphia, Pa. 19107

Region IV1371 Peachtree St., NE.Atlanta, Ga. 30309

Tel. : 526-5418 (Area Code 404)

Region V219 South Dearborn St.Chicago, 111. 60604

Tel. : 353-7230 (Area Code 312)

Region VIFederal Office Building Tenth Floor 911 Walnut St.Kansas City, Mo. 64106

T el.: 374-2481(Area Code 816)

Region VII Mayflower Building Room 337411 North Akard St. Dallas. Tex. 75201

Tel. : 749-3616(Area Code 214)

Region VIII 450 Golden Gate .Ave.Box 36017San Francisco, Calif. 94102

Tel. : 556-4678 (Area Code 415)

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Area Wage Survey

The San Antonio, Texas, Metropolitan Area

June 1968

Bulletin No. 1575-69September 1968

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Willard Wirtz, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS

Ben Burdetsky, Acting Commissioner

For sole by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20402 - Price 30 cents

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P reface

The Bureau of Labor Statistics program of annual occupational wage surveys in m etropolitan areas is d e­signed to provide data on occupational earnings, and estab­lishm ent practices and supplementary wage provisions. It yields detailed data by selected industry division for each of the areas studied, for geographic regions, and for the United States. A m ajor consideration in the program is the need for greater insight into (1) the movement of wages by occupational category and skill level, and (2) the stru c ­ture and level of wages among areas and industry divisions.

At the end of each survey, an individual area bul­letin presents survey resu lts for each area studied. After com pletion of all of the individual area bulletins for a round of su rveys, a tw o-part sum m ary bulletin is issued. The first part brings data for each of the metropolitan areas studied into one bulletin. The second part presents inform ation which has been projected from individual m et­ropolitan area data to relate to geographic regions and the United States.

E ig h ty -six areas currently are included in the program . In each area, inform ation on occupational earn­ings is collected annually and on establishm ent practices and supplem entary wage provisions biennially.

This bulletin presents results of the survey in San Antonio, T ex . , in June 1968. The Standard M etro­politan Statistical A rea , as defined by the Bureau of the Budget through A pril 1967, consists of Bexar and Guada­lupe Counties. This study was conducted by the staff of the B ureau's Atlanta Regional O ffice, under the general direction of Donald M . C ru se , A ssistant Regional D irec­tor for O perations.

Contents

Page

Introduction_______________________________________________________________________ 1Wage trends for selected occupational g ro u p s_____________________________ 3

Tables:

1. Establishm ents and w orkers within scope of survey andnumber studied_______________________ 2

2. Indexes of standard weekly sa laries and straigh t-tim ehourly earnings for selected occupational groups, andpercents of increase for selected periods_________________________ 3

A . Occupational earnings: *A - 1. O ffice occupations—men and w om en --------------------------------------- 5A - 2. P rofessional and technical occupations—

m e n ___________ 7A - 3. O ffice, professional, and technical occupations—

men and women com b in ed ___________________________________ gA -4 . Maintenance and powerplant occupations________ :__________ 9A -5 . Custodial and m aterial m ovem ent occu p ation s____________ 10

Appendix. Occupational d e scrip tio n s________________________________________ H

* N OTE: Sim ilar tabulations are available for othera re a s . (See inside back co v er .)

Union sca les , indicative of prevailing pay leve ls in the San Antonio area, are also available for building con­struction; printing; lo ca l-tra n sit operating em ployees; and m otortruck d rivers , h elpers, and allied occupations.

iii

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Area W a ge Survey

The San Antonio, Tex., M etropolitan Area

IntroductionThis area is 1 of 86 in which the U.S. Department of Labor's

Bureau of Labor Statistics conducts surveys of occupational earnings and related benefits on an areawide basis.

This bulletin presents current occupational employment and earnings inform ation obtained largely by m ail from the establishm ents visited by Bureau field econom ists in the last previous survey for occupations reported in that earlier study. Personal v isits were made to nonrespondents and to those respondents reporting unusual changes since the previous survey.

In each area, data are obtained from representative estab­lishm ents within six broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; trans­portation, com m unication, and other public utilities; w holesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and serv ices. Major industry groups excluded from these studies are government opera­tions and the construction and extractive industries. Establishm ents having fewer than a prescribed number of workers are omitted because they tend to furnish insufficient employment in the occupations studied to warrant inclusion. Separate tabulations are provided for each of the broad industry divisions which m eet publication criteria.

These surveys are conducted on a sample basis because of the unnecessary cost involved in surveying all establishm ents. To obtain optimum accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than of sm all establishm ents is studied. In combining the data, how ever, all establishm ents are given their appropriate weight. E s ­tim ates based on the establishm ents studied are presented, therefore, as relating to all establishm ents in the industry grouping and area, except for those below the minim um size studied.

Occupations and Earnings

The occupations selected for study are common to a variety of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries, and are of the follow ­ing types: (l) Office clerica l; (2) professional and technical; (3) m ain­tenance and powerplant; and (4) custodial and m aterial m ovem ent. O c­cupational classification is based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to take account of interestablishm ent variation in duties within the same job. The occupations selected for study are listed and de­scribed in the appendix. The earnings data following the job titles are for all industries combined. Earnings data for some of the occupations listed and described, or for some industry divisions within occupations, are not presented in the A -s e r ie s tables because either (1) em ploy­ment in the occupation is too sm all to provide enough data to m erit presentation, or (2) there is possibility of disclosure of individual e s ­tablishm ent data.

Occupational employment and earnings data are shown for fu ll-tim e w orkers, i .e ., those hired to work a regular weekly schedule in the given occupational classification . Earnings data exclude pre­m ium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded, but co st-o f-liv in g allow­ances and incentive earnings are included. Where weekly hours are reported, as for office clerical occupations, reference is to the stand­ard workweek (rounded to the nearest half hour) for which em ployees receive their regular straight-tim e salaries (exclusive of pay for overtim e at regular and/or prem ium rates). Average weekly earnings for these occupations have been rounded to the nearest half dollar.

The averages presented reflect com posite, areawide esti­m ates. Industries and establishm ents differ in pay level and job staffing and, thus, contribute differently to the estim ates for each job. The pay relationship obtainable from the averages m ay fail to reflect accurately the wage spread or differential maintained among jobs in individual establishm ents. Sim ilarly , differences in average pay levels for men and women in any of the selected occupations should not be assum ed to reflect differences in pay treatment of the sexes within individual establishm ents. Other possible factors which m ay contrib­ute to differences in pay for men and women include: D ifferences inprogression within established rate ranges, since only the actual rates paid incumbents are collected; and differences in specific duties per­form ed, although the w orkers are classified appropriately within the same survey job description. Job descriptions used in classifying em ­ployees in these surveys are usually m ore generalized than those used in individual establishm ents and allow for minor differences among establishm ents in the specific duties perform ed.

Occupational employment estim ates represent the total in all establishm ents within the scope of the study and not the number a c­tually surveyed. Because of differences in occupational structure among establishm ents, the estim ates of occupational employment ob­tained from the sample of establishm ents studied serve only to indicate the relative importance of the jobs studied. These differences in occu­pational structure do not affect m aterially the accuracy of the earn­ings data.

Establishm ent Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions

Tabulations on selected establishm ent practices and supple­m entary wage provisions (B -se r ie s tables) are not presented in this bulletin. Information for these tabulations is collected biennially. These tabulations on m inim um entrance salaries for inexperienced women office w orkers; shift differentials; scheduled weekly hours; paid holidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans are presented (in the B -se r ie s tables) in previous bulletins for this area.

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2

Table 1. Establishments and Workers Within Scope of Survey and Number Studied in San Antonio, Tex. , 1 by Major Industry Division, 2 June 1968

Industry division

Minimum employment in establish­

ments in scope of study

Number of establishments Workers in establishments

Within scope of study 3 Studied

Within scope of study 4

Number PercentStudied

All divisions__ ________________________ 421 121 71,300 100 38,870

Manufacturing _ __ _ _____ __ __ ________ __ 50 127 43 22,200 31 11,450Nonmanufacturing __ _ __ __ ------- __ __ __ - 294 78 49,100 69 27,420

Transportation, communication, andother public utilities 5_____________________ 50 34 15 6,900 10 5, 150

Wholesale trade 6 ____________________________ 50 53 12 5, 700 8 1,600Retail trade 6__ __ __ __ __ ___ __ __ __ 50 110 25 22, 100 31 13,110Finance, insurance, and real estate 6_______ 50 43 11 7, 200 10 4, 210Services ----------------------------------------------------- 50 54 15 7, 200 10 3,350

1 The San Antonio Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the Bureau of the Budget through April 1967, consists of Bexar and Guadalupe Counties. The "workers within scope of study" estimates shown in this table provide a reasonably accurate description of the size and composition of the labor force included in the survey. The estimates are not intended, however, to serve as a basis of comparison with other em­ployment indexes for the area to measure employment trends or levels since (l) planning of wage surveys requires the use of establishment data compiled considerably in advance of the payroll period studied, and (2) small establishments are excluded from the scope of the survey.

2 The 1967 edition of the Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments by industry division.3 Includes all establishments with total employment at or above the minimum limitation. All outlets (within the area) of companies in such indus­

tries as trade, finance, auto repair service, and motion picture theaters are considered as 1 establishment.4 Includes all workers in all establishments with total employment (within the area) at or above the minimum limitation.5 Taxicabs and services incidental to water transportation were excluded. San Antonio's electric, gas, and transit systems are municipally

operated and are excluded by definition from the scope of the study.* This industry division is represented in estimates for "all industries" and "nonmanufacturing" in the Series A tables. Separate presentation of

data for this division is not made for one or more of the following reasons: (1) Employment in the division is too small to provide enough data to merit separate study, (2) the sample was not designed initially to permit separate presentation, (3) response was insufficient or inadequate to permit separate presentation, and (4) there is possibility of disclosure of individual establishment data.

7 Hotels and motels; laundries and other personal services; business services; automobile repair, rental, and parking; motion pictures; nonprofit membership organizations (excluding religious and charitable organizations); and engineering and architectural services.

About three-tenths of the workers within scope of the survey in the San Antonio area were employed in manufacturing firms. The following table presents the major in­dustry groups and specific industries as a percent of all manufacturing:

Industry groups Specific industries

Food and kindred products________36Apparel and other textile

products_________________________ 14Printing and publishing__________ 9Stone, clay, and glass

products________________________ 8Machinery, except electrical___ 6Fabricated metal products_______ 5

Meat products___________________ 11Beverages________________________ 6Men's and boys' furnishings_____ 6Bakery products_________________ 5Newspapers__________ -___________ 5

This information is based on estimates of total employment derived from universe materials compiled prior to actual survey. Proportions in various industry divisions may differ from proportions based on the results of the survey as shown in table 1 above.

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Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups

Presented in table 2 are indexes and percentages of change in average salaries of office clerical workers and industrial nurses, and in average earnings of selected plant worker groups. The indexes are a measure of wages at a given time, expressed as a percent of wages during the base period (date of the area survey conducted between July I960 and June 1961). Subtracting 100 from the index yields the percentage change in wages from the base period to the date of the index. The percentages of change or increase relate to wage changes between the indicated dates. These estimates are measures of change in averages for the area; they are not intended to measure average pay changes in the establishments in the area.Method of Computing

Each of the selected key occupations within an occupational group was assigned a weight based on its proportionate employment

Office clerical (men and women):Bookkeeping-machine operators,

class BClerks, accounting, classes

A and BClerks, file, classes

A, B, and C Clerks, order Clerks, payroll Comptometer operators Keypunch operators, classes

A and BOffice boys and girls

in the occupational group. These constant weights reflect base year employments wherever possible. The average (mean) earnings for each occupation were multiplied by the occupational weight, and the products for all occupations in the group were totaled. The aggregates for 2 consecutive years were related by dividing the aggregate for the later year by the aggregate for the earlier year. The resultant relative, less 100 percent, shows the percentage change. The index is the product of multiplying the base year relative (100) by the relative for the next succeeding year and continuing to multiply (compound) each year's relative by the previous year's index. Average earnings for the following occupations were used in computing the wage trends:

Office clerical (men and women)— Continued

SecretariesStenographers, general Stenographers, senior Switchboard operators, classes

A and BTabulating-machine operators,

class BTypists, classes A and B

Industrial nurses (men and women): Nurses, industrial (registered)

Skilled maintenance (men): Carpenters Electricians Machinists MechanicsMechanics (automotive)PaintersPipefittersTool and die makers

Unskilled plant (men):Janitors, porters, and cleaners Laborers, material handling

Table 2. Indexes o f Standard Weekly Salaries and Straight-Time Hourly Earnings for Selected Occupational Groups in San Antonio, T ex ., June 1968 and June 1967, and Percents o f Increase for Selected Periods

IndexesIMav 1961=100)

Percents o f increase

Industry and occupational groupJune 1968 June 1967

June 1967 to

June 1968

June 1966 to

June 1967

June 1965 to

June 1966

June 1964 to

June 1965

June 1963 to

June 1964

May 1962 to

June 1963

May 1961 to

May 1962

All industries:O ffice ’clerical (men and w om en)--— 136.3 127.3 7.1 8 .0 2 .7 5.1 2.6 2.9 3.5Industrial nurses (men and women) - — (*> ( !) (l > ( l ) ( } ) (1) ( l> (M (1)Skilled maintenance (m en )---------------- (1) (1) (1) (1) (*) (1) (1) (1) (1)Unskilled plant (men) ------------------------ 149.9 136.6 9 .7 11.2 4 .5 3.3 3 .7 2.5 7.1

Manufacturing:<l >Office clerical (men and wom en)-------- ( !) (M (M (1) 4 .4 2.6 3.6 2.2

Industrial nurses (men and women) - — (1) (1) ( 0 (1) (1) (M ( !) (1) (MSkilled maintenance (men) ---------------- ( i) (1) ( !) (M ( ! ) ( ! ) ( !) (1) (1)Unskilled plant (men) ----------------------- 139.0 130.1 6 .9 10.4 2 .8 3.2 4.2 3.6 2.9

1 Data do not meet publication criteria.

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For office clerical w orkers and industrial nu rses, the wage trends relate to regular weekly salaries for the norm al workweek, exclusive of earnings for overtim e. For plant worker groups, they m easure changes in average straight-tim e hourly earnings, excluding prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. The percentages are based on data for selected key occu­pations and include m ost of the num erically important jobs within each group.

Lim itations of Data

The indexes and percentages of change, as m easures of change in area averages, are influenced by: (1) general salary andwage changes, (2) m erit or other increases in pay received by indi­vidual w orkers while in the same job, and (3) changes in average wages due to changes in the labor force resulting from labor turn­over, force expansions, force reductions, and changes in the propor­tions of w orkers employed by establishm ents with different pay leve ls .

Changes in the labor force can cause in creases or decreases in the occupational averages without actual wage changes. It is conceivable that even though all establishm ents in an area gave wage in creases, average wages may have declined because low er-paying establishm ents entered the area or expanded their work fo rc es . S im ilarly , wages m ay have remained relatively constant, yet the averages for an area m ay have risen considerably because higher-paying establishm ents entered the area.

The use of constant em ploym ent weights elim inates the effect of changes in the proportion of w orkers represented in each job in­cluded in the data. The percentages of change reflect only changes in average pay for straight-tim e hours. They are not influenced by changes in standard work schedules, as such, or by prem ium pay for overtim e. Where necessary, data w ere adjusted to rem ove from the indexes and percentages of change any significant effect caused by changes in the scope of the survey.

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A: Occupational Earnings

(A ve r ag e s t ra ight - t im e w eek ly hours and earn ings f o r s e l e c t e d o ccupa t io ns stud ied on an a re a b a s is by in dust ry d iv is ion , San Antonio , T e x . , June 1968)

Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women

Sex, occ upa t ion , and indust ry d iv is i o n

CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A -------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------

CLERKS, ORDER---------------------------- ----------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------

OFFICE BOYS -------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------

WOMEN

BILLERS, MACHINE (BILLING MACHINE) ------------------------------------------------------

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS,CLASS A --------------------------------------------------------

NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE CPERATCRS,CLASS B --------------------------------------------------------

MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------

CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A -------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------

PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S 4---------------------------

CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B -------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------

CLERKS, F IL E , CLASS A ---------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------

CLERKS, F IL E, CLASS B ---------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING -------------------------------

CLERKS, F IL E, CLASS C ---------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING -------------------------------

CLERKS, ORDER ---------------------------------------------

CLERKS, PAYROLL ----------------------------------------MANUFACTURING — ----------------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING -------------------------------

COMPTOMETER CPERATCRS --------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING -------------------------------

KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS A -------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------

KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS B -------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------------

Numberof

workers

Average weekly hours1

( standard)

1163284

130106

37

25351

202

250248

942569

897

8263

129108

4 0 . 04 0 . 0 3 9 . 5

4 0 . 04 0 . 0

4 0 . 04 0 . 0

4 0 . 03 9 . 5

4 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 0

3 9 . 53 9 . 53 9 . 5

A O . O4 0 . 04 0 . 0

3 9 . 53 9 . 5

3 9 . 53 9 . 5

4 0 . 0 4 C .04 0 . 0

4 0 . 04 0 . 0

4 0 . 04 0 . 0

4 0 . 04 0 . 0

1 1 5 . 5 01 2 3 . 5 01 0 6 . 5 0

9 1 . 0 08 9 . 5 0

6 5 . 5 06 5 . 0 0

88.008 7 . 0 0

7 4 . 0 07 5 . 5 07 3 . 5 0

9 8 . 0 09 9 . 0 09 9 . 0 0

8 0 . 0 0 7 7 . 0 08 0 . 5 0

8 7 . 5 08 7 . 5 0

6 9 . 5 0 6 9 . 5C

6 4 . 5 06 4 . 5 0

8 6 . 0 086.008 5 . 5 0

7 6 . 0 07 8 . 0 0

8 3 . 0 08 3 . 0 0

7 4 . 0 07 4 . 5 0

Weekly earnings1 (standard)

$1 0 8 . CO 13C.C0 1 0 6 . CO

8 3 . 5 0 8 3 . CO

6 4 . CO 6 4 .C 0

9 C .5 09 0 . 5 0

7 2 . 5 0 7 5 . CO 7 1 . CO

9 3 . 5 09 3 . 5 0

1 0 6 . 5 0

8 0 . 5 0 7 0 . CO8 1 . 5 0

8 8 . CO 8 8 . CO

6 8 . 5 06 8 . 5 0

6 4 . CO 6 4 . CO

8 4 . CO 8 4 . CO 8 4 . CO

7 4 . 5 07 5 . 5 0

8 1 . CO8 2 . CO

7 2 . CO7 3 . CO

Middle range 2

9 7 . 5 0 - 1 3 7 . 0 09 2 . 5 0 - 1 5 1 . 0 09 9 . 0 0 - 11C.0C

7 8 . 0 0 - 1 0 9 . 0 08 0 . 5 0 - 9 5 . 0 0

6 2 . CO- 6 7 . 0 06 2 . 0 0 - 6 6 . 5 0

7 8 . 0 0 -7 2 . 5 0 -

6 6 . GO- 6 6 .C O -

7 6 . 00 7 6 . CO

6 2 . 0 0 - 6 7 . 5 06 2 . 0 0 - 6 7 . 5 0

6 5 . 0 0 - 7 5 . CO

7 8 . 0 0 - 9 9 . 5 0 7 3 . C 0 - 1 C 4 . 0 0 7 9 . 5 0 - 9 5 . 5 0

7 1 . 0 0 - 8 2 . 5 07 2 . 0 0 - 6 3 . 5 0

7 3 . 0 0 - 9 C .5 07 3 . 0 0 - 9 1 . 5 0

6 6 . 0 0 - 7 9 . 0 06 6 . 0 0 - 7 9 . 0 0

N u m b er o f w o r k e r s re c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly earn ings of—$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

Under 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90* and

$ $ $ * $ $ $ $ $ $-----i---95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150

55 under

60 65 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 13C 135 140 145 150

5351

2626

116

761

2221

7 4 . 0 0

9 3 . 5 0

20 7

7

10

1 5 5

4

3

4

17 1 1 39 3 . 5 0 ~ 7 1 3 ~ 3 12 ~ ~ “ ~ 3 ~ ~ ~ “ “

7 9 . 0 0 _ 1 3 39 31 17 14 _ 5 3 3 _7 9 . 5 0 - - - 5 12 9 1 - 57 9 . 0 0 - 1 3 34 19 8 13 - 3 3

1 1 . 5 0 - - - 6 11 3 27 8 16 4 7 11 17 3 4 3 _ 2 2 6 _l l . C C - - - 6 6 3 20 8 16 4 5 10 12 2 1 3 - 2 2 6 -

. 1 2 . CO - - 3 “ 6 8 “ 7 11 2 - - - - -

9 3 . CO 1 1 26 60 13 24 33 27 10 49 7 _ - _ _ 2 _ _ _ _ _9 2 . 0 0 - - 1 26 3 2 - 4 7 7 19 5 . 0 0 1 1 25 34 10 22 33 23 3 42 6 - - 2 - ~ ~

9 2 . 5 0 _ _ - - 1 _ 18 18 14 1 6 _9 2 . 5 0 - - - - 1 18 18 14 1 6

149149

2522

2323

8381

633

93

119

3324

1818

945

3331

1612

1714

1212

132

11

99

113

2927

244

20

1814

1818

1477

111010

See foo tnotes at end o f table

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6

(A v e r a g e s t r a igh t - t im e w eek ly hours and earn ings for s e l e c t e d occ upat ions studied on an a rea b as is by in du st ry di v is ion , San An ton io, T e x . , June 1968)

Table A-l. Office Occupations—Men and Women---- Continued

Weekly earnings1 ( standard) Number o f w o r k e r s rece iv in g s tr a igh t - t im e w ee kly earn ings o f -----

S e x , o c c u p a t i o n , a n d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o nNumber

ofworkers

Averageweekly

[standard) Mean2 Median 2 Middle range 2Under$5 5

$ $5 5

andunder

6 C$

6 5$

7 0$

75$

8 0$ $

8 5 9 0$

9 5$

IC O$ $

1 0 5 1 1C$

1 1 5$

1 2 0$

1 2 5$

1 3 0$

1 3 5$

1 4 0$

1 4 5$

1 5 0

and

6 0 6 5 7 C 7 5 8 0 8 5 9C 9 5 1 0 C 1 C5 1 1 0 1 1 5 1 2 C 1 2 5 1 3 C 1 3 5 1 4 0 1 4 5 1 5 0 o v e r

W C P E N - C C N T I N L E C

$ $ $ $2 2

r r / ^ * n n A t J J4 0 . 0 6 j . O O 6 3 . j 0 4 1 1 1 2 1

4 0 . 0 9 1 . C C 8 4 . C C - 1 C 7 . 5 C 7 1 7 13 5 0 2 7 1 b 2 2 2 3 1 7 1 4j L C 1 > L 1 A 1< 1 L on / n n

9i n 1 C

g

18

8 3 2 1 0

9 6 ^ 0 9 1 * C C 8 4 . 0 0 - 1 0 8 . 5 09 0 . 0 0 - 1 2 3 . C C

2 2 2 7 R7 5 4 8 5

1 71

6 31 4

2 4 ~3 ^ 2 T o n 1 0 5 . 0 0 1 0 5 . CO

57 1 5 6 a 2

3 73

2 11 7

17 6 1 0 3 2 1 0J i . O 6 9 3

/ r n 1 1 0 . 0 0 1 1 0 . 0 0

1 1 2 . C 01 1 1 . 5 0

9 1 . C C - 1 2 4 . C 0 9 1 . 0 0 - 1 2 4 . CO

1 33

j14 1

17Q n 121

2 2 2 23 2INLJINrAfNtrAl 1 UK1 IMb — — 2 4 0 . 0 9 2

c t. f n t T T A i i T r c r i a c o □ 9 1 . 5 0 8 8 . CO 8 4 . 5 0 - 9 5 . 0 08 5 . 0 0 - 9 4 . C C8 4 . 0 0 - 9 8 . 5C

11

2

2

1 1 1j r t K h 1 Aa 11 b » L L A o b cb ju i i r a /* T u n i n r z~_

63 41 12 3

1 0 27 3

r A INUr AC 1 UK l i\b ——— — — ——— — — — — — — — — —k nkiMAki iC Ar T i i n T K i r 3 * 4 0 0

3 9 . 5 C l " t n 8 7 . 5 0 4 1 2 1 3 1 7 1 2l\U»\ r A l>Ur A C 1 UK 1 iNb — — — — — — —— 5 5 9 2 . 5 0 1

c c r n r T A f i i r c r i a c* c r q c c n _ l i e ; r r 11

1 31 2

1 9 1j f c C K b l A K l t o f C L A o o L ----------k, rk UA k l ;C AT T i m I k'f1

1 0 1 5 0 1 0 2 . 5 0

9 5 CO 9 5 . 5 0

vU 1 1 j • 1 1 o /l c n . i i a Rn 1

66

9 38iNLiNrAlMJrACIUKlINC ———

C r r n r T A O t r r r • a r r r

1 0 2

1 3 4

4 0 0 o O * D \J l l O a D U

8 2 . C O - 9 9 . e eq o n n _ c c c r

g

2 3 8

3

331

g8 9 . 5 0 8 8 . CO 6 1 2o c U K t 1 I t o i t L A o b L

k r k i/A k i i C A r T i m r a t :»q * r*

1 * l l 9 5 9INUN r f l IN U r A b 1 U K 1 M j ———— — — ——

n i m i i r * i T T i T T T c r c 4 * 9 6 i o n oq* ? n n r * r n o a p n_l i a c n ** 6 3 32

* |1 5r U o L i L UI 1 L L 1 I b o — — 2 9 3 9 . 0 9 9 . 0 0 1 0 C . CO O H • C 1 IS*DU 9 3 1 3

c T C k n r n A n u e n r r r k i r n A i 4 0 . 0 7 7 7 0 . 0 0 - 8 4 . 5 07 0 . 5 0 - 9 3 . CO7 0 . 0 0 - e 3 . C C7 4 . 5 0 - 9 9 . 5 0

2 1 2 91 1

3 7 2 7 4 3 14

77 30 1 C I N U b K A r n c K f b C IN r: K A L --- — —

UAk n r A r T i n m i r8 0 . 0 0

* I * r rr A I NU r AU 1 u K 1 fNu — ———— — — — — — — — — —tunn'kiAk-i r a r r i if» i kir ..... 4 0 . 0

4 C . C7ft rn 1 8 9 9 2 3

34 1

6 * ”iNUiNrAiNCrAC 1 UK 1 INC

n n m t n i . T Y i ¥ T i r * c 4 . . 1 9Q7 8 5 0 9 0 . 0 0 o r r n 1 9 A 3 1 3r u n L I C C i I L i l L c o ————— - - - - - - 2 9 8 5 . LO

C T C k < r r o a n u e n r c c k f r n 4 0 . 0 8 4 . 0 C - 1 1 3 . 5 0A c n ri_i i t i r n

4 1 0 1 2 1 3

7

1C 13 1 41

1 3

l 1 C 11

7 3 7j 1 t INLUKA r M c K o » Ot lN IL Ko r * c n _ 8

M N l j F A C T U R I N G '— — * ------ ------ki nki k< a k m r A m i n t a1 r*

^ g

9 2 4 0 . 09 6 0 0

I C O . 0 0 n o Rno j • UU 1 1 ^ « I U8 3 . 0 0 - 1 1 5 . C C 2 1 0 7 13 l

57

37IN U iN r A iN C i A C 1 U K 1 INC — — — —— — — — — — — — 9 8 . 5 0 5 8

S V I T C H B C A R C O P E R A T O R S , C L A S S A -------- 2 7 4 C . 0 8 5 . 0 0 8 i . C C 7 1 . 5 0 - 8 9 . CO - - - 6 3 4 5 4 - - l 1 - - - 3 * - - - •

S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R S , C L A S S P ---------i r i u i t n r i T T n n i k i r

1 0 1 4 2 . 5 6 7 . 5 0 6 6 . CO 5 8 . 5 0 - 7 C . 5 C5 8 . 5 0 - 7 C . 5 C

1 01 0

2 1 1 3 3 2 3 1

4

3

3

3

1 01 0

6

6

- - - 11

1iNLiN“ A M J r A C T UK 1 NO — — — — — — — — — — — 9 8 4 3 . 0 6 7 . 5 0 6 6 . CO 2 1 1 2 1

SW IT C H B O A R D C P E R A T C R - R E C E P T I C M S T S -U ALliT AT TIT) 1 liD . ..

1 3 9 4 0 . 0 4 C . 04 0 . 0

7 6 . 0 0 7 5 . 5 0 8 1 . CO7 3 . 5 0

6 7 . 0 0 - 8 1 . CO 7 3 . 0 C - 8 9 . 0 0 6 5 . 5 0 - 7 8 . 5C

- - 2 73

2 4

1 8 2 3 33 17 77

4 - 6!

l - - 33

- - - - - ■r A l N U r A C 1 U K 1 Nb ------

9 8 7 3 . 5 0 1 3 2 5j ^

1NCNH AMJ FAC TUR I NG ---------------

T\/n f r r r r i * r r a . . . ................... _ .

1 9

1 9 2 0 24 32 23 9 . 5

3 9 . 58 1 5 0 8 2 . C C

8 1 . C C7 3 . 5 C - 8 7 . 5C 7 3 . 0 0 - 8 5 . 5 0

1 21 Y r l o 1 O f C L A o j A7 9 . 0 0N O N P A M J F A C T U R I N G - ------ — 7 9 1 C

U1 1

*11

3 9 . 5 6 8 . CO 6 c c n _ 7 a c rT Y P I S T S * C L A S S B ------ ----------- - ------ O D>• j L 1 N • DU6 5 . 5 C - 7 5 . 5C 1 3 C 1 5 36 14 2h C N P A N U F A C T O R ING — — —-------- — 2 7 1 7 0 0 0 5 6

1 Standard hours r f l eet the w o rkw e e k f o r which e m p l o y e e s r e c e iv e their re g u lar s t r a ig h t - t im e sa la r i e s (e x c lus ive o f pay fo r o v e r t im e at re g u lar a n d / o r p r e m iu m ra tes ) , and the earn ings c o r r e ­spond to these wee kly ho u r s .

2 The m ean is c om puted f o r each j o b by totaling the earn ings o f all w o r k e r s and dividing by the num ber o f w o r k e r s . The m edian des ignates p os it ion half o f the e m p l o y e e s su r ve y e d r e c e iv e m o r ethan the rate shown; half r e c e iv e l e s s than the rate shown. The m id dle range is de f in ed by 2 ra tes o f pay; a fourth o f the w o r k e r s earn l e s s than the lo w e r o f these ra tes and a fourth earn m o r e than the h igher rate.

° W o rk e rs w e r e d is t r ib u ted as f o l lo w s : 6 at $150 to $155; and 2 at $185 to $190.4 T ra n spo r ta t i o n , co m m u n ica t io n , and other publ ic ut il it ies .5 May in clude w o r k e r s o ther than those pr e se n te d sep arate ly .

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

7

(A ve rag e s t ra ight - t im e w eek ly h o urs and ea rn ings f o r s e l e c t e d o ccupa t io ns studied on an a re a b as is by industry d iv is ion , San Ant onio , T e x . , June 1968)

Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations—Men

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

8

(A v e r a g e s t r a igh t - t im e w e e k ly h o urs and earn ings f o r s e l e c t e d occupat io ns studied on an a re a b as is by indust ry di v is ion , San An ton io, T e x . , June 1968)

Table A-3. Office, Professional, and Technical Occupations—Men and Women Combined

O ccupa t io n and in dust ry d iv is i o n

OFFICE OCCUPATIONS

BILLERS, MACHINE (BILLING MACHINE ) --------------------------------------------

BCCKKEEPING—MACH INE CPERATCRS ,CLASS A ----------------------------------------------

NCNMANUFACTURING ----------------------

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS,CLASS B ----------------------------------------------

MANUFACTURING -----------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING ----------------------

CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A —MANUFACTURING -----------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING ----------------------

PUBLIC UTILITIES2 ------------------

CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B ----MANUFACTURING -----------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING ----------------------

CLERKS, F IL E, CLASS A ------------------NCNMANUFACTURING ----------------------

CLERKS, FIL E, CLASS B ------------------NCNMANUFACTURING ----------------------

CLERKS, FIL E, CLASS C ------------------NCNMANUFACTURING ----------------------

CLERKS, CRDER -----------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING ----------------------

Average

Numberof

workersWeekly

(standard)

Weekly earnings 1 (standard)

45 4 0 . 5$7 0 . 5 0

46 4 0 . 0 8 8 . 0 029 3 9 . 5 8 7 . 0 0

116 4 0 . 0 7 4 . 0 032 4 0 . 0 7 5 . 5 084 4 0 . 0 7 3 . 5 0

186 3 9 . 5 1 0 3 . 5 053 4 0 . 0 1 1 1 . 0 0

133 3 9 . 5 I C O .504C 3 9 . 5 9 9 . 5 0

276 4 0 . 0 8 1 . 0 061 4 0 . 0 8 0 . 5 0

215 4 0 . 0 8 1 . 0 0

58 3 9 . 5 8 7 . 5 058 3 9 . 5 8 7 . 5 0

43 3 9 . 5 6 9 . 5 041 3 9 . 5 6 9 . 5 0

250 3 9 . C 6 4 . 5 0248 3 9 . 0 6 4 . 5 0

96 4 C .0 8 4 . 5 039 4 0 . 0 8 3 . 0 057 4 0 . 0 8 5 . 5 0

O cc upat io n and in du st ry d iv is ion

OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - CONTINUED

CLERKS, PAYROLL -------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING ----------------------------

COMPTOMETER CPERATCRS -----------------------NCNMANUFACTURING ----------------------------

KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS A ----------NCNMANUFACTURING ----------------------------

KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS B ----------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------

OFFICE BOYS AND GIRLS-------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------

SECRETARIES 3----------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING ----------------------------

PUBLIC U T I L IT I E S 2-----------------------

SECRETARIES, CLASS A ---------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------

SECRETARIES, CLASS E ---------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING ----------------------------

SECRETARIES, CLASS C ---------------------NCNMANUFACTURING ---------------------------

SECRETARIES, CLASS C ---------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------

PUBLIC U T I L IT I E S 2-----------------------

Average

Numberof

workersWeekly hours 1

(standard)

Weekly earnings 1 (standard)

109 4 0 . 0$8 8 . 0 0

31 4 0 . 0 8 8 . 0 078 4C.0 8 8 . 0 0

89 4 0 .0 7 6 . 0 071 4 0 . 0 7 8 . 0 0

100 4 0 . 0 9 0 . 0 080 4C.0 9 2 . 0 0

131 4 0 . 0 7 4 . 0 0108 4 0 . 0 7 4 . 5 0

138 4 0 . 0 6 5 . 5 0133 4 0 . 0 6 5 . 0 0

392 4 0 . 0 9 6 . 5 087 4 0 . 0 9 4 . 0 0

305 3 9 .5 9 7 . 0 046 3 9 .0 1 0 7 . 0 0

45 4 0 . 0 1 1 0 . 0 029 4 0 . 0 1 1 0 . 0 0

92 4C-0 9 1 . 5 037 4 0 .0 9 0 . 0 055 3 9 .5 9 2 . 5 0

119 4 0 .0 1 0 2 . 0 0103 4 0 .0 1 0 3 . 0 0

136 3 9 .5 9 0 . 0 0118 3 9 .5 9 0 . 5 0

31 3 9 .0 1 0 2 . 0 0

Occ upation and in du st ry d iv is i o n

Average

Numberof

workersWeekly hours 1

(standard)

Weekly earnings 1 (standard)

OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - CONTINUED

STENOGRAPHERS, GENERAL --------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING ---------------------------------

PUBLIC U T I L IT I E S 2----------------------------

STENOGRAPHERS, SENIOR ----------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING ---------------------------------

SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS A --------

SWITCHBOARD CPERATCRS, CLASS E --------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------------

SWITCHBOARD CPERATCR-RECEPTICNISTS-MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------------

TYPISTS, CLASS A ---------------------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING ---------------------------------

TYPISTS, CLASS B ---------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------------

PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL OCCUPATIONS

CRAFTSMEN, CLASS A -----------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------

CRAFTSMEN, CLASS B -----------------------------------

DRAFTSMEN, CLASS C -----------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------

204 4 0 . 0 8 0 . 5 059 4 0 . 0 8 3 . 0 0

145 4 0 . 0 7 9 . 5 032 4 0 . 0 9 3 . 0 0

120 4 0 . 0 9 9 . 0 028 4 0 . 0 9 6 . 0 092 4 0 . 0 I C O . 00

27 4 0 . 0 8 5 . 0 0

101 4 2 . 5 6 7 . 5 098 4 3 . 0 6 7 . 5 0

139 4 0 . 0 7 6 . 0 041 4 0 . 0 8 2 . 0 098 4 0 . 0 7 3 . 5 0

95 3 9 . 5 8 1 . 5 079 3 9 . 5 7 9 . 0 0

30C 3 9 . 5 7 1 . 5 0283 3 9 . 5 7 1 . 5 0

40 4 0 . 0 1 3 7 . 0 040 4 0 . 0 1 3 7 . 0 0

35 4 0 . 0 1 0 5 . 5 0

69 4 0 . 0 1 0 1 . 0 068 4 0 . 0 1 0 1 . 0 0

1 Standard hour s re f l e c t the w o rk w e e k f o r which e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e their re gular s t ra ight - t im e sa la r i e s (e xc lus ive o f pay f o r o v e r t im e at re g u la r a n d / o r p r e m iu m ra te s ) , and the e a r n ­ings c o r r e s p o n d to these w eek ly ho urs .

2 T ra nspo r ta t i o n , c o m m unica t io n , and o ther pu bl ic ut il it ies .3 May in clude w o r k e r s o ther than those p r e se n t e d separate ly .

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

9

(A ve rag e s t ra ight - t im e hou r ly earn ings f o r m e n in s e l e c t e d o ccupa t io ns studied on an a re a b as is by industry d iv is ion , San Antonio , T e x . , June 1968)

Table A-4. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations

O ccupat io n and in dust ry di v is

Hourly earnings 1 N u m b er o f w o r k e r s re c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e hou r ly earn ings of—$ $ $ $ $ 1I $ $ $ $ $ i $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $1.4 C 1.5C 1 . 6 0 1 . 7 0 1 .8 C 1. . 9 0 2 . 00 2 . 1 0 2 . 2 0 2 . 3 0 2 . 4 0 2>.50 2 . 6 0 2 . 7 0 2 . 8 0 2 . 90 3 . 0 0 3 . 2 0 3 . 4 0 3 . 6 0 3 . 8 0 4 . 0 0 4 . 2 0

workers M ean1 2 3 \Median 2 Middle range 2 andunder1 .5 C 1 .6 0 1 . 7 0 1 . 8 0 1 .9 C 2! . 0 0 2 . 10 2 . 2 0 2 . 3 0 2 . 4 0 2 . 5 0 2>.60 2 . 7 0 2 . 8 0 2 . 9 0 3 . 00 3 . 2 0 3 . 4 0 3 . 6 0 3 . 8 0 4 . 0 0 4 . 2 0 4 . 4 0

$ $ $ $38 3 . 2 7 3 .2 5 2 . 5 6 - 4 . 1 5 - - - 1 3 3 5 - - 2 - 5 4 3 - - 7 5

57 2 .6 8 2 . 6 9 2 . C 3 - 3 . 1 1 _ _ _ 4 8 _ 8 2 2 1 2 1 1 9 2 1 6 _ _ _ 5 _ 534 2 . 4 0 2 . 4 8 1 . 8 6 - 2 . 8 6 - - 4 8 2 1 1 2 1 1 5 2 1 6 - - - - ~

91 2 . 6 9 2 . 5 4 1 . 8 9 - 3 . 8 2 _ _ 17 3 3 2 3 5 1 1 1 24 - 2 _ - - _ _ _ 29 _ _72 2 .8 6 2 . 5 7 2 . 1 7 - 3 . 8 4 ~ 12 ~ “ 3 5 _ 1 1 21 29

119 3 .0 2 2 . 8 9 2 . 3 7 - 3 . 6 6 _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 10 5 14 5 15 _ 3 3 3 1 n 2 21 5 14 248 2 .5 8 2 .4 5 2 . 1 9 - 2 . 5 9 - - - - - - 3 10 5 4 5 11 - - 3 - - - 2 - - 3 271 3 .3 2 3 .6 1 2 . 7 7 - 3 . 7 0 - - - - - - 2 - - 1C - 4 - 3 - 3 1 11 - 21 5 11 -57 3 .4 5 3 .6 4 3 . 2 8 - 3 . 9 5 - - “ - ~ 2 ~ 6 ~ 4 ~ “ * ~ ~ 8 21 5 11

87 3 . 0 0 2 .8 3 2 . 1 8 - 4 . 2 0 _ _ _ - _ 5 - 21 1 2 3 3 4 2 1C 1 7 2 3 _ _ 1 2278 3 . 0 7 2 .8 5 2 . 1 9 - 4 . 2 1 - - - - - - 21 1 1 3 3 4 2 10 - 6 2 2 - 1 22

29 2 .0 9 1 .7 5 1 . 4 9 - 2 . 5 5 8 4 2 2 - - - 1 2 3 1 “ 1 - 1 4 - - - -

ELECTRICIANS, MAINTENANCE —

ENGINEERS, STATIONARY -------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

HELPERS, MAINTENANCE TRACES ■ MANUFACTURING -------------------------

MECHANICS, AUTOMOTIVE(MAINTENANCE) -----------------------------

m an u fa c tu r in g -------------------------NCNMANUFACTURING ------------------

PUBLIC U T I L IT I E S 3-------------

MECHANICS, MAINTENANCE -----------m a n u fa c tu r in g ------------------------

PAINTERS, MAINTENANCE -------------

1 E x c lu d e s p r e m i u m pay f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on weekends, ho l id a y s , and late shi fts .2 F o r de f in i t ion o f t e r m s , se e footnote 2, table A - l .3 T ra n sp o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t io n , and other publi c util iti es.

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

1 0

(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e hou r ly ea rn ings f o r s e l e c t e d occupa t io ns studied on an are a b as is by in du st ry d iv is ion , San Antonio, T e x . , June 1968)

Table A-5. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations

Hourly earnings2 N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s o f —

O c c u p a t i o n 1 a n d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o nNumber

ofMean3 Median3 Middle range3

$1 . 1 0

a n du n d e r

$1 . 2 0

S1.30 $1.40 $1. 5C$1.60 $1.70 $1.80 $1.90 $

2 . 0 0$2 . 1 0

$2 . 2 0

$2.30 $2.40 $2.50 $2. 6C$2.70 $2. 8C

$2.90 $3.00 $3.20 $3.40 $3.60

1. 2C 1. 3C 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 1.90 2 . 0 0 2. 1C 2 . 2 0 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2. 9C 3.00 3.20 3.40 3.60 3.80$1 . 8 81.781.91

$1.77 1.701.78$ $1. 67- 2.07 1. 65- 1.881. 67- 2.09

2 2 2 1 15* 459479

9 16 6 7 ‘ 0 1 16 9 3 3

70 1 5130* * 2 3 61 3 9 21 6 15 9 3GUARDS:

MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------------- 3C 1 . 8 6 1.85 1. 70- 1.90 - 8 16 5 1 -

WATCHMEN: 58 1.74 1 . 6 8 1. 64- 1.78 37 9 1 5r A Pv UI A V/ I \j >' • Hw 6

JAN I TORS « PORTERS * AND C L E A N E R S ------- 901 1.611.801.551 . 6 61.75 1.641.75

1. 61- 1.73 1. 68- 1.89 1. 42- 1.69 1. 66- 2.1474 76 16 37 - 435

6 83671266363

502525271413

6 2 2 1 21 1

1

1814 - - 2 - - - - - -

74 76 16 37 ~ 14 269039 1

1.891.911 . 8 82 . 2 2

28150 104554918 34 16 74 i 1 2

2

2 2628172 1.731.771.702 . 1 2

1 . 6 6 - 2.08 1. 69- 2.09 1. 65- 2.08 2. C l - 2.5644144# A M I i C A C T 1 ( O f K! f* 1

7

* 2rAIMJrflL Ib ^ l l N b • —t r v u A K i ' C K r m n T f t i r 15 25 16

9

3P 1 121 0

72 2

* 7M f V r A M r A t I U K1MU — • "

nilDI Tr | ; T T 1 I ▼ ¥ c c 4 A 56 1 A 1 17 1 * 2 4r U o L l l UI 1L I 1 1 t o ---- —— — 7 1 16 1 7 2 7 4

p ii n c O C T 1 IC.DC 1.75 1.691.891.681. 64- 1.79 1. 68- 2.051. 64- 1.78

332 115 4783955 17LK UtK r 1 L l r n o ——— — _ — —

u ik in r ArTnnTkiP 5 7 * 4 5pAINUrAL IliKlINb - — A PklUA K l lCArTllQ T Il P c X n 1.74 * 9 115 1 193 7INLiNrAiVUrAC 1 UK I l\u ————— 530 313 112 * 1 3 4 5

n A P i / c n r r u i nnv kir 1.73 1.711 1. 65- 1.79 1. 67- 1.80 1. 64- 1.7523 Br A L K c K b * b n J r r l M b — — ——— — — — — — — ———

LAkllC ATTIIOIMP . . 1 A 1 BA 52 * 2 15rAINt’r A t lU r lINlj ———— —— — — — — —— — K PMUA K 1 | C A r Tl ID 1 Itf* — M w w _ 1.68 Lm § 3 1.68 19 *4 2 2INLOrAIMJrAt 1 UK l l\u —— — —— — — — — — C 52 2

R E C E IV I N G CLERKS -------------------------------------------------uA i ' i ir i r T i i n r u p

111 2.162.232.122.12 1. 95- 2.42 2. C l - 2.29 1. 92- 2.43

- - - - - 81711 4 11 19712

13 15123

- 15 2 11 1 3 31 4 - -

rAlN UrA t I U K I iNIj —— ——— — — — — — — — — — — —HlPNl fti t III 1 t C A P T 1 Ift I klP 2.09 5 7 3 12 2 1 3 4INUAIrAiMirAt 1 UK 1 No — — - — — — — — - — 68 2

Tn np i / nn r \<ci u c 5 1,547 2.58 2.41 1. 78- 3.47 1. 81- 2.22 1. 77- 3.71252 106 40 42 79 22 25 20 11 10 340TKUIKUKI VtKl> — — —— — — — ——— — — — — —

iii k . n r APTunTMPi e 16 2 g 88 Z 5 142 922270rAINUrAt lUKlOllj ——— — — — — — — — ———

NCNMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------nilDI 1 r 1 T 1 1 T T T C f 4 1,261 2.693.52 2.763.73 18 - - - : 146 213

2

113

19 23 26 5516 182

16 22 14 88 11 25 14296 4 340340r L D L 1 t> 466 3. 19- 3.77 6 *

T R L C K D R I V E R S , LIG HT (UNDERi % /n TPiir » 1.791.851.78

1.69 1. 63- 2.01 1. 73- 1.98 1. 62- 2.1271 1 /Z ILlSbJ ——— ——— —— ————————

U t ft'l lC IP Tl ! :) T MP t18 6 a 7 3 * 5 * 3 2 1

pAM Jr AL UJrU Nb —NIPMU Akil ;C APTl ID T KIP' 131 1.68 lf l 10 7 13 1 3 „ 1I rt lr rA lr Or A t l U K I N b ——— — — ——— — — — 18 63 9 * * 3 * c

T R L C K D R I V E R S , MEDIUM ( 1- 1/2 TCAN'p T MP 1 1 IT T MP /. 2.542.222.64

2.262.012.683.721. 76- 3.52 1. 83- 2-38 1. 74- 3.71 3. 16- 3.76

89137614411133

605461* 402416

13 12 3 4 2 103 1 2222 155AINU i INU L Ut 1 INU *♦ | Ll\o 1 ——— — — — —HAKiait Ar*ri i)TMP 36rAI NUrAt l t ^ l ,>'b — — — — — — — — — — — — —— — —NCNMANUFACTURING -----------------------------------------

n u ni r r i t t i , t i r r 4 .

157539 - : - - - 5 16 - • 7 6 3 4 2 1C396 1 155155r L d l 1C L 1I L I 1I t b 252 3.52T R L C K D R I V E R S , HEAVY (CVER A T C N S ,

TR A IL E R T Y P E ) -------------------------------------------------A PK I/A M 1C A f Tl ID T MP

618590 2.912.95 2.953.00 2. 24- 3.72 2. 3C - 3.72 - - - - - 77

7070 - 2214 156

2617 3535 1311 55

13*3

4 85 4 23 3838 3 7070 185185(\Ll\r A (\UrAt I UK I l\u * 85 * 23 3Tn i r i /cn r nm. rri i r r n i / i t e n 1.951. 9C1-98

1.891.891.891. 78- 2.07 1. 7C - 1.99 1. 8C - 2.18

29 63 49 14 20 3 5 5 7 1I K U u K b K b t H L f t K I r L K I v L l r l ) —————— — — 256 Z f 4M A N U F A C T U R I N G -------------------------------------- -- --------NlPNl W A A llC A PTI ID ▼ AlP .

103155 21 45 2821 *3 13 3 5 27 1 4i\tl\ r A A U r A t 1 UK i INb ————— — —— —— — 16

1 Data l im it e d to m e n w o r k e r s .2 Exc ludes p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o rk on w e ekend s , h o l id ays , and late sh if ts .3 F o r de fini tion o f t e r m s , see footnote 2, table A - l .4 T ra nspo r ta t i o n , co m m u n ica t io n , and other pu bl ic ut il it ies .5 Inc ludes all d r iv e r s , as def ined , r e g a r d le s s o f s ize and type o f t ruck o pe rate d .

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

Appendix. Occupational Descriptions

The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau’ s wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This permits the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau's job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau's field economists are instructed to exclude working supervisors; apprentices; learners; beginners; trainees; and handicapped, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers.

OFFICE

BILLER, MACHINE BILLER, MACHINE— Continued

Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical woik incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are clas­sified by type of machine, as follows:

Biller, machine (billing machine). Uses a special billing ma­chine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc. , which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and invoices from customers' purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of pre­determined discounts and shipping charges, and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing ma­chine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine.

Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine). Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, e t c ., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers' bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the simultaneous entry o f figures on customers' ledger record. The ma­chine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical

columns and computes, and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips.

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR

Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a type­writer keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions.

Class A . Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles, and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand.

Class B. Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book­keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, cus­tomers' accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in­ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department.

Note: Since the last survey in this area, the Bureau has discontinued collecting data for duplicating-machine operators and elevator operators.

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CLERK, ACCOUNTING

Class A . Under general direction of a bookkeeper or accountant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a complete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establishment’ s busi­ness transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper accounting distribution; and requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting, and closing journal entries; and may direct class B accounting clerks.

Class B. Under supervision, performs one or more routine ac­counting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or accounts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers.

CLERK, FILE

Class A . In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes file material such as correspondence, reports, technical documents, etc. May also file this material. May keep records of various types in con­junction with the files. May lead a small group of lower level file clerics.

Class B. Sorts, codes, and files unclassified material by simple (subject matter) headings or partly classified material by finer sub­headings. Prepares simple related index and cross-reference aids. As requested, locates clearly identified material in files and forwards material. May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service files.

Class C. Performs routine filing of material that has already been classified or which is easily classified in a simple serial classi­fication system (e. g . , alphabetical, chronological, or numerical). As requested, locates readily available material in files and forwards material; and may fill out withdrawal charge. Performs simple clerical and manual tasks required to maintain and service files.

CLERK, ORDER

Receives customers’ orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination of the following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders.

CLERK, PAYROLL

Computes wages of company employees and enters the necessary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers’ earningsbased on time or production records; and posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker's name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out pay- checks and assist paymaster in making up and distributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine.

COMPTOMETER OPERATOR

Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathe­matical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statis­tical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comp­tometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties.

KEYPUNCH OPERATOR

Class A. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combina­tion keypunch machine to transcribe data from various source docu­ments to keypunch tabulating cards. Performs same tasks as lower level keypunch operator but, in addition, work requires application

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KEYPUNCH OPERATOR— Continued

of coding skills and the making of some determinations, for example, locates on the source document the items to be punched; extracts information from several documents; and searches for and interprets information on the document to determine information to be punched. May train inexperienced operators.

Class B. Under close supervision or following specific procedures or instructions, transcribes data from source documents to punched cards. Operates a numerical and/or alphabetical or combination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating cards. May verify cards. Working from various standardized source documents, follows specified sequences which have been coded or prescribed in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting of data to be punched. Problems arising from erroneous items or codes, missing information, etc. , are referred to supervisor.

OFFICE BOY OR GIRL

Performs various routine duties such as running errands, operating minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and distributing mail, and other minor clerical work.

SECRETARY

Assigned as personal secretary, normally to one individual. Main­tains a close and highly responsive relationship to the day-to-day work activities of the supervisor. Works fairly independently receiving a mini­mum of detailed supervision and guidance. Performs varied clerical and secretarial duties, usually including most of the following: (a) Receivestelephone calls, personal callers, and incoming mail, answers routine inquiries, and routes the technical inquiries to the proper persons; (b) establishes, maintains, and revises the supervisor's files; (c) maintains the supervisor's calendar and makes appointments as instructed; (d) relays messages from supervisor to subordinates; (e) reviews correspondence, mem­oranda, and reports prepared by others for the supervisor's signature to assure procedural and typographic accuracy; and (f) performs stenographic and typing work.

May also perform other clerical and secretarial tasks of com ­parable nature and difficulty. The work typically requires knowledge of office routine and understanding of the organization, programs, and pro­cedures related to the work of the supervisor.

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SECRETARY— Continued

ExclusionsNot all positions that are titled "secretary" possess the above

characteristics. Examples of positions which are excluded from the def­inition are as follows: (a) Positions which do not meet the "personal"secretary concept described above; (b) stenographers not fully trained in secretarial type duties; (c) stenographers serving as office assistants to a group of professional, technical, or managerial persons; (d) secretary posi­tions in which the duties are either substantially more routine or substan­tially more complex and responsible than those characterized in the def­inition; and (e) assistant type positions which involve more difficult or more responsible technical, administrative, supervisory, or specialized clerical duties which are not typical of secretarial work.

NOTE: The term "corporate officer," used in the level definitions following, refers to those officials who have a significant corporate-wide policymaking role with regard to major company activities. The title "vice president," though normally indicative of this role, does not.in all cases identify such positions. Vice presidents whose primary responsibility is to act personally on individual cases or transactions (e. g. , approve or deny individual loan or credit actions; administer individual trust accounts; directly supervise a clerical staff) are not considered to be "corporate officers" for purposes of applying the following level definitions.

Class Aa. Secretary to the chairman of the board or president of a

company that employs, in all, over 100 but fewer than 5, 000 persons; or

b. Secretary to a corporate officer (other than the chairman of the board or president) of a company that employs, in all, over 5,000 but fewer than 25,000 persons; or

c. Secretary to the head (immediately below the corporace officer level) of a major segment or subsidiary of a company that employs, in all, over 25, 000 persons.

Class Ba. Secretary to the chairman of the board or president of a

company that employs, in all, fewer than 100 persons; or

b. Secretary to a corporate officer (other than chairman of the board or president) of a company that employs, in all, over 100 but fewer than 5,000 persons; or

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c. Secretary to the head (immediately below the officer level) over either a major corporate-wide functional activity (e .g . , marketing, research, operations, industrial relations, etc.) or a major geographic or organizational segment ( e .g . , a regional headquarters; a major division) of a company that employs, in all, over 5,000 but fewer than 25,000 employees; or

d. Secretary to the head of an individual plant, factory, etc. (or other equivalent level of official) that employs, in all, over 5,000 persons; or

SECRETARY— Continued

e. Secretary to the head of a large and important organizational segment (e. g . , a middle management supervisor of an organizational seg­ment often involving as many as several hundred persons) of a company that employs, in all, over 25,000 persons.

Class Ca. Secretary to an executive or managerial person whose respon­

sibility is not equivalent to one of the specific level situations in the def­inition for class B, but whose subordinate staff normally numbers at least several dozen employees and is usually divided into organizational segments which are often, in turn, further subdivided. In some companies, this level includes a wide range of organizational echelons; in others, only one or two; or

b. Secretary to the head of an individual plant, factory, etc. (or other equivalent level of official) that employs, in all, fewer than 5,000 persons.

Class Da. Secretary to the supervisor or head of a small organizational

unit ( e .g . , fewer than about 25 or 30 persons); or

b. Secretary to a nonsupervisory staff specialist, professionalemployee, administrative officer, or assistant, skilled technician or expert. (NOTE: Many companies assign stenographers, rather than secretaries asdescribed above, to this level of supervisory or nonsupervisory woiker.)STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL

Primary duty is to take dictation involving a normal routine vo­cabulary from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from writ­ten copy.

STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL— Continued

May maintain files, keep simple records, or perform other relatively rou­tine clerical tasks. May operate from a stenographic pool. Does not include transcribing-machine work. (See transcribing-machine operator. )

STENOGRAPHER, SENIORPrimary duty is to take dictation involving a varied technical or

specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific re­search from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written copy. May also set up and maintain files, keep records, etc.

ORPerforms stenographic duties requiring significantly greater inde­

pendence and responsibility than stenographers, general as evidenced by the following: Work requires high degree of stenographic speed andaccuracy; and a thorough working knowledge of general business and office procedures and of the specific business operations, organization, policies, procedures, files, workflow, etc. Uses this knowledge in per­forming stenographic duties and responsible clerical tasks such as, main­taining followup files; assembling material for reports, memorandums, letters, e tc .; composing simple letters from general instructions; reading and routing incoming mail; and answering routine questions, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work.

SWITCHBOARD OPERATORClass A . Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone

switchboard handling incoming, outgoing, intraplant or office calls. Per­forms full telephone information service or handles complex calls, such as conference, collect, overseas, or similar calls, either in addition to doing routine work as described for switchboard operator, class B, or as a full­time assignment. ("Full" telephone information service occurs when the establishment has varied functions that are not readily understandable for telephone information purposes, e.g., because of overlapping or interrelated functions, and consequently present frequent problems as to which exten­sions are appropriate for calls.)

Class B. Operates a singler or multiple-position telephone switchboard handling incoming, outgoing, intraplant or office calls. May handle routine long distance calls and record tolls. May perform limited telephone information service. ("Limited” telephone information service occurs if the functions of the establishment serviced are readily understand­able for telephone information purposes, or if the requests are routine, e. g. , giving extension numbers when specific names are furnished, or if complex calls are referred to another operator.)

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SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST

In addition to performing duties of operator on a single-position or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerical woik as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of this workers time while at switchboard.

TABULATING-MA CHINE OPERATOR

Class A. Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical account­ing machines, typically including such machines as the tabulator, calculator, interpreter, collator, and others. Performs complete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assign­ments typically involve a variety of long and complex reports which often are o f irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new operators in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports. Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating- machine operators.

Class B. Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical account­ing machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under specific instructions and may include the performance of some wiring from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabulations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the pro­cedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine.

Class C. Operates simple tabulating or electrical accounting machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, e t c . , with specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and

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TABULA TING-MACHINE OPERATOR— Continued

some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a woik unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs or repetitive operations.

TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL

Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenog­rapher, general.

TYPIST

Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May in­clude typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicating processes. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and dis­tributing incoming mail.

Class A . Performs one or more of the following: Typing ma­terial in final form when it involves combining material from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punctu­ation, e tc ., of technical or unusual words or foreign language ma­terial; and planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circumstances.

Class B. Performs one or more of the following: Copy typingfrom rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance policies, e t c . ; and setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already setup and spaced properly.

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DRAFTSMAN

Class A . Plans the graphic presentation of complex items having distinctive design features that differ significantly from established drafting precedents. Works in close support with the design originator, and may recommend minor design changes. Analyzes the effect of each change on the details of form, function, and positional relation­ships of components and parts. Works with a minimum of supervisory- assistance. Completed work is reviewed by design originator for con­sistency with prior engineering determinations. May either prepare drawings, or direct their preparation by lower level draftsmen.

Class B. Performs nonroutine and complex drafting assignments that require the application of most of the standardized drawing tech­niques regularly used. Duties typically involve such work as: Prepares working drawings of subassemblies with irregular shapes, multiple functions, and precise positional relationships between components; prepares architectural drawings for construction of a building including detail drawings of foundations, wall sections, floor plans, and roof. Uses accepted formulas and manuals in making necessary computations to determine quantities of materials to be used, load capacities, strengths, stresses, etc. Receives initial instructions, requirements, and advice from supervisor. Completed work is checked for technical adequacy.

Class C. Prepares detail drawings of single units or parts for engineering, construction, manufacturing, or repair purposes. Types of drawings prepared include isometric projections (depicting three dimensions in accurate scale) and sectional views to clarify positioning of components and convey needed information. Consolidates details from a number of sources and adjusts or transposes scale as required.

DRAFTSMAN— Continued

Suggested methods of approach, applicable precedents, and advice on source materials are given with initial assignments. Instructions are less complete when assignments recur. Work may be spot-checked during progress.

DRAFTSMAN-TRACER

Copies plans and drawings prepared by others by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawings and tracing with pen or pencil. (Does not include tracing limited to plans primarily consisting of straight lines and a large scale not requiring close delineation.)

and/orPrepares simple or repetitive drawings of easily visualized items. Woik is closely supervised during progress.

NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED)

A registered nurse who gives nursing service under general medi­cal direction to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Giving first aid to the illor injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees’ injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; assisting in physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant en­vironment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel.

MA I NTENANCE AND POWERPLANT

CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE

Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and maintain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Plan­ning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions using a variety of carpenter's hand tools, portable power tools,

CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE— Continued

and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; and selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal ap­prenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

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ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE

Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the in­stallation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generation, dis­tribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety ofelectrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, con­trollers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, layouts, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the electrical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of electrician's handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the woik of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

ENGINEER, STATIONARY

Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to supply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigeration, or air-conchtioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipmentsuch as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; and keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded.

FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER

Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, or gas or oil burner; and checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment.

HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES

Assists one or more workers in the drilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping

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HELPER, MAINTENANCE TRADES— Continued

a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, ma­chine, and equipment; assisting journeyman by holding materials or tools; and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: Insome trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding ma­terials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is permitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis.

MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM

Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines, in the construction of machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most of the following: Planningand performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of pre­cision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling, and oper­ation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are ex­cluded from this classification.

MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE

Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Interpreting written instructions and speci­fications; planning and laying out of woik; using a variety of machinist's handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close tolerances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds, and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working properties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment re­quired for his work; and fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist's woik normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal ap­prenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

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MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE)

Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an es­tablishment. Work involves most of the following: Examining automotiveequipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gages, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the woik of the auto­motive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE

Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Examining machines and mechanical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dismantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replacement part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the pro­duction of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex­perience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines.

MILLWRIGHT

Installs new machines or heavy equipment, and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations re­lating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining, and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the millwrights work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent train­ing and experience.

OILER

Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing sur­faces of mechanical equipment of an establishment.

PAINTER, MAINTENANCE

Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an es­tablishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface peculi­arities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or bmsh. May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE

Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex­perience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating systems are excluded.

PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE

Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber's snake. In general, the woik of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and ex­perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

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SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE

Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheet-metal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establish­ment. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out alltypes of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-metal­working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, form­ing, shaping, fitting, and assembling; and installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

TOOL AND DIE MAKER

(Die maker; jig maker; tool maker; fixture maker; gage maker)

Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jigs, fixtures or dies for forgings, punching, and other metal-forming work. Work in-

TOOL AND DIE MAKER—Continued

volves most of the following; Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications; using a variety of tool and die maker’ s handtools and precision measuring instruments; understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equip­ment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qual­ities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to pre­scribed tolerances and allowances; and selecting appropriate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker's work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification.

CUS T ODI AL AND MA T ER I A L MOVEMENT

GUARD AND WATCHMAN

Guard. Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity of employees and other persons entering.

Watchman. Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry.

JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER

(Sweeper; charwoman; janitress)

Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commerical or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following? Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips,

JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER— Continued

trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polishing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor maintenance services; and cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Workers who specialize in window washing are excluded.

LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING

(Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper)

A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more of the following: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelving, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; and trans­porting materials or merchandise by handtruck, car, or wheelbarrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded.

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ORDER, FILLER

(Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman)

Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, customers' orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and in­dicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders, requi­sition additional stock or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties.

PACKER, SHIPPING

Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of con­tainer employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more of the following: Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded.

SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK

Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is responsible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, available means of transportation, and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves: Verifying ordirecting others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchandise or materials to proper departments; and maintaining necessary records and files.

SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK— Continued

For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows:

Receiving clerkShipping clerkShipping and receiving cleik

TRUCKD RIVER

Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport ma­terials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of es­tablishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses,wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers' houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded.

For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on thebasis of trailer capacity. )

Truckdriver (combination of sizes listed separately)Truckdriver, light (under 1 V2 tons)Truckdriver, medium ( 1 V2 to and including 4 tons)Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type)Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type)

TRUCKER, POWER

Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment.

For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck, as follows:

Trucker, power (forklift)Trucker, power (other than forklift)

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Area W age Surveys

A list of the latest available bulletins is presented below. A directory indicating dates of earlier studies, and the prices of the bulletins is available on request. Bulletins may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D .C ., 20402, or from any of the BLS regional sales offices shown on the inside front cover.

Bulletin numberArea and price

Akron, Ohio, July 1967 1--------------------------------------------------- 1530-86, 25 centsAlbany^-Schenectady^Troy, N .Y ., Apr. 1968 1-------------- 1575-68 , 30 centsAlbuquerque, N. M e x ., Apr. 1968 1_____________________ 1575-58, 30 centsAllentown—Bethlehem—Easton, Pa.—N. J .,

Feb. 1967 __________________________________________________ 1530-53, 25 centsAtlanta, G a ., May 1968 1 --------------------------------------------------- 1575-71 , 35 centsBaltim ore, M d ., Oct. 1967----------------------------------------------- 1575-18, 25 centsBeaumont—Port Arthur—Orange, Tex., May 1968 1___ 1575-75 , 30 centsBirmingham, A la ., Apr. 1968 __________________________ 1575-59, 30 centsBoise City, Idaho, July 1967--------------------------------------------- 1 575-3 , 20 centsBoston, M a ss., Sept. 1967 1---------------------------------------------- 1575-13, 30 cents

Buffalo, N .Y ., Dec. 1967__—______________________________ 1575-41, 30 centsBurlington, V t . , Mar. 1968----------------------------------------------- 157 5 -48 , 20 centsCanton, Ohio, June 1968 1_________________________________ 1575-65 , 30 centsCharleston, W. V a ., Apr. 1968 1--------------------------------------- 1575-63 , 30 centsCharlotte, N .C ., Apr. 19681______________________________ 1575-57, 30 centsChattanooga, T e n n .-G a ., Aug. 1967-------------------------------- 1575 -7 , 25 centsChicago, 111., Apr. 1967 1 _________________________________ 1530-73, 30 centsCincinnati, Ohio—Ky.—Ind., M ar. 1968 1-------------------------- 1575-62, 30 centsCleveland, Ohio, Sept. 1967______________________________ 1 575-14 , 25 centsColumbus, Ohio, Oct. 1967----------------------------------------------- 1575-23, 25 centsD allas, T ex ., Nov. 1967___________________________________ 1575-20, 25 cents

Davenport—Rock Island—M oline, Iowa—111.,Oct. 1967________ ____________________________________________ 1575-12, 25 cents

Dayton, Ohio, Jan. 1968 1---------------------------------------------------- 1575-51, 30 centsDenver, C olo., D ec. 1967 1--------------------------------------- -------- 1575-38, 25 centsDes Moines, Iowa, Feb. 1968 1------------------------------------------ 1575-52, 30 centsDetroit, M ich., Jan. 1968 1 ----------------------------------------------- 1575-45, 35 centsFort Worth, T ex ., Nov. 1 967_____________________________ 1575-22 , 25 centsGreen Bay, W is ., July 1967---------------------------------------------- 1 575-5 , 20 centsG reenville, S .C ., May 1968 1--------------------------------------------- 1575-66 , 30 centsHouston, T ex ., June 1967 -------------------------------------------------- 1530-85, 25 centsIndianapolis, Ind., Dec. 1967 1------------------------------------------ 1575-36, 30 cents

Jackson, M iss ., Feb. 1 9 6 8 1______________________________ 1575-49, 30 centsJacksonville, F la ., Jan. 1968-------------------------------------------- 1575-33, 20 centsKansas City, M o.—K an s., Nov. 1 967 1------------------------------ 1575-30, 25 centsLawrence—H averhill, M ass.—N .H ., June 1968 1------------- 1575-74, 30 centsLittle Rock—North Little Rock, A rk ., July 1967---------- 1 57 5 -2 , 25 centsLos Angeles—Long Beach and Anaheim—Santa A na-

Garden Grove, C alif., Mar. 1968 ____________________ 1575-64 , 30 centsLouisville, K y .-In d ., Feb. 1 9 6 8 _________________________ 1575-50, 30 centsLubbock, T ex ., June 1968 1 ---------------------------------------------- 1575-77 , 30 centsManchester, N .H ., July 1967-------------------------------------------- 1575-1 , 20 centsMemphis, T e n n .-A r k ., Jan. 1 968 1---------------------------------- 1575-32, 25 centsM iam i, F la ., Dec. 1967 1--------------------------------------------------- 1575-28, 25 centsMidland and O dessa, T ex ., June 1968 *-------------------------- 1575-72 , 30 cents

Bulletin numberArea and price

Milwaukee, W is ., Apr. 1968 _____________________________ 1575-67, 30 centsMinneapolis—St. Paul, Minn., Jan. 1968___ ______________ 1575-47, 30 centsMuskegon—Muskegon Heights, M ich., May 1968 1________ 1575-60, 30 centsNewark and Jersey City, N .J ., Feb. 19681______________ 1575-54, 35 centsNew Haven, Conn., Jan. 1 968 1____________________________ 1 575-34 , 25 centsNew Orleans, L a ., Feb. 1968___________ _________________ 1575-46, 30 centsNew York, N .Y ., Apr. 1967 1---------------------------------------------- 1530-83, 40 centsNorfolk—Portsmouth and Newport News—

Hampton, Va., June 1967 1_______________________________ 1530-82, 25 centsOklahoma City, O kla ., July 1967-------------------------------------- 157 5 -4 , 20 cents

Omaha, Nebr.—Iowa, Oct. 1 967 1__________________________ 1575-21, 25 centsPater son—Clifton—P a ssa ic , N. J ., May 1967 _____________ 1530-67, 25 centsPhiladelphia, Pa.—N .J ., Nov. 1967 1______________________ 1575-40, 30 centsPhoenix, A r iz ., Mar. 1968 1_______________________________ 1575-55, 30 centsPittsburgh, Pa., Jan. 1968--------------------------------------------------- 1575-44, 30 centsPortland, Maine, Nov. 1967 1--------------------------------------------- 1575-16, 25 centsPortland, Or eg.—W ash ., May 1967 _______________________ 1530-79, 25 centsProvidence—Pawtucket—Warwick, R .I.—M a ss .,

May 1968 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1575-61, 30 centsRaleigh, N .C ., Aug. 1967 1------------------------------------------------- 1575-6 , 25 centsRichmond, V a., Nov. 19 671_______________________________ 1 575-27 , 25 centsRockford, 111., May 1968 1__________________________________ 1575-70 , 30 cents

St. Louis, Mo.—111., Jan. 1968-------------------------------------------- 1575-39, 30 centsSalt Lake City, Utah, Dec. 1967----------------------------------------- 1575-35, 20 centsSan Antonio, T ex., June 1968 ____________________________ 1575-69, 30 centsSan Bernardino—Riverside—Ontario, C alif.,

Aug. 1967 1----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 575-10 , 30 centsSan Diego, C alif., Nov. 1967---------------------------------------------- 1 575-19 , 20 centsSan Francisco—Oakland, C alif., Jan. 1968_______________ 1575-37, 25 centsSan Jose, C alif., Sept. 1 967 1 --------------------------------------------- 1 575-15 , 25 centsSavannah, G a., May 1968 1____________________________ 1575-73 , 30 centsScranton, P a., July 1967 1------------------------------------------- 1575-9 , 25 centsSeattle—Everett, W ash., Nov. 1 967 1_____________________ 1575-29 , 25 cents

Sioux F a lls , S. D ak., Oct. 1 967 1__________________________ 1 57 5-1 7, 25 centsSouth Bend, Ind., M ar. 1968 1 ____________________________ 1575-56, 30 centsSpokane, W ash ., June 1967 1 ______________________________ 1530-80, 25 centsTam pa-St. Petersburg, F la . , Aug. 1967----------------------- 1575-8 , 25 centsToledo, Ohio—M ich ., Feb. 1968------------------------------------------ 1 5 75 -43 , 30 centsTrenton, N .J., Nov. 1967__________________________________ 157 5 -24 , 20 centsWashington, D .C .—M d .-V a ., Sept. 1 967--------------------------- 1 575-1 1, 25 centsW aterbury, Conn., Apr. 1968 1------------------------------------------ 1 575-53 , 30 centsW aterloo, Iowa, Nov. 1967_____________________________;____ 1 575-26 , 20 centsW ichita, K an s., D ec. 1 967_________________________________ 1 575-31 , 20 centsWore e ster , Mas s ., June 1968 1______________________ _____ 1575-76 , 30 centsYork, P a., Feb. 1968 1..................................................................... 1575-42, 30 centsYoungstown—W arren, Ohio, Nov. 1 967 1__________________ 157 5-25 , 25 cents

1 Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented.

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