blunt trauma

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st for Blunt Chest Trauma 1. What is the term for a fracture of 2 or more ribs in 2 or more locations? o chest contusion o flail chest o compound fracture o hemothorax 2. Crepitus, subcutaneous emphysema, and asymmetrical chest wall expansion are all symptoms of o pulmonary contusion. o pneumothorax. o cardiac contusion. o flail chest. 3. Which treatment of rib fractures has been shown to improve intensive care unit length of stay and respiratory function based on small randomized trials? o surgical fixation o physiotherapy o positive pressure ventilation o epidural anesthesia 4. Compared to intravenous narcotics, the use of epidural analgesia in patients with rib factures o is less effective at controlling pain. o improves pulmonary function. o has more frequent and serious adverse effects. o is not recommended as a first-line option. 5. Which is the most commonly identified injury in blunt thoracic trauma? o rib fracture o flail chest o pulmonary contusion o pneumothorax 6. Which of the following is not indicated during the management of pulmonary contusion? o fluid restriction

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Page 1: Blunt Trauma

st for Blunt Chest Trauma

What is the term for a fracture of 2 or more ribs in 2 or more locations?

o  chest contusion

o  flail chest

o  compound fracture

o  hemothorax

2. Crepitus, subcutaneous emphysema, and asymmetrical chest wall expansion are all symptoms of

o  pulmonary contusion.

o  pneumothorax.

o  cardiac contusion.

o  flail chest.

3. Which treatment of rib fractures has been shown to improve intensive care unit length of stay and respiratory function based on small randomized trials?

o  surgical fixation

o  physiotherapy

o  positive pressure ventilation

o  epidural anesthesia

4. Compared to intravenous narcotics, the use of epidural analgesia in patients with rib factures

o  is less effective at controlling pain.

o  improves pulmonary function.

o  has more frequent and serious adverse effects.

o  is not recommended as a first-line option.

5. Which is the most commonly identified injury in blunt thoracic trauma?

o  rib fracture

o  flail chest

o  pulmonary contusion

o  pneumothorax

6. Which of the following is not indicated during the management of pulmonary contusion?

o  fluid restriction

o  noninvasive ventilation

o  positive airway pressure

o  isotonic crystalloid resuscitation

7. Long-term effects of pulmonary contusion include

Page 2: Blunt Trauma

o  pneumonia.

o  cough.

o  pain.

o  dyspnea.

8. Presence of air in the pleural space is termed

o  pneumonia.

o  pneumothorax.

o  hemothorax.

o  atelectasis.

9. Which intervention is recommended by Advance Trauma Life Support for all traumatic pneumothoraces?

o  “watchful waiting”

o  pleurodesis

o  tube thoracostomy

o  intravenous antibiotics

10. What is the gold standard for diagnosing pneumohemothoraces?

o  computed tomographic scan

o  radiograph

o  magnetic resonance imaging

o  electrocardiogram

11. Initial output of hemothorax drainage greater than 1500 mL is considered an indication for

o  fluid resuscitation.

o  blood transfusion.

o  open thoracotomy.

o  video assisted thoracotomy.

12. Patients with what injury have a 13% chance of arriving at the hospital alive?

o  pulmonary contusion

o  pneumohemothorax

o  multiple open rib fractures

o  traumatic aortic injury

13. Chest radiograph findings most consistent with blunt aortic injury include

o  enlarged aortic knob outline.

Page 3: Blunt Trauma

o  normal mediastinum.

o  left mainstem bronchus deviation.

o  widened paratracheal line.

14. Bruising of the myocardium from rupture or hemorrhage of small vessels is called

o  cardiac contusion.

o  aortic aneurysm.

o  pneumohemothorax.

o  pulmonary contusion.

15. How is a cardiac contusion definitively diagnosed?

o  chest x-ray and clinical symptoms

o  cardiac biomarkers and chest x-ray

o  echocardiogram and clinical symptoms

o  12-lead electrocardiogram and cardiac biomarkers

16. For nonsurgical cardiac contusions, treatment focuses primarily on

o  blood pressure.

o  arrhythmias.

o  dyspnea.

o  pain.

17. In the case study facility, who runs the trauma follow-up clinic?

o  hospital administrators

o  physicians

o  trauma nurse practitioners

o  director of surgical nursing

18. Eighty percent of blunt chest trauma cases are the result of

o  motor vehicle collisions.

o  sports injuries.

o  acts of violence.

o  falls.