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For peer review only Effect of prehabilitation in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: study protocol of a multicentric, randomised control trial - PREHAB study Journal: BMJ Open Manuscript ID bmjopen-2016-012876 Article Type: Protocol Date Submitted by the Author: 01-Jun-2016 Complete List of Authors: Le Roy, Bertrand; CHU Estaing, Digestive surgery Pereira, Bruno; University Hospital CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Biostatistic unit Bouteloup, Corinne; CHU Estaing, Digestive and Liver Disease Costes, Frederic; CHU Gabriel Montpied, Department of physiology and medical sport Richard, Ruddy; CHU Gabriel Montpied, Department of physiology and medical sport Selvy, Marie; CHU Estaing, Digestive surgery and oncological department Petorin, Caroline; Oncology Gagniere, Johan; University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Digestive and Hepatobiliary Surgery Futier, Emmanuel; CHU Estaing, Department of Anesthesia Slim, Karem; CHU Estaing, Digestive surgery and oncological department Meunier, Bernard; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes Mabrut, Jean-Yves; Hopital de la Croix-Rousse Mariette, C.; CHU Claude Huriez, Digestive and oncological surgery Pezet, Denis; Digestive surgery <b>Primary Subject Heading</b>: Surgery Secondary Subject Heading: Rehabilitation medicine, Oncology Keywords: Prehabilitation, Gastric cancer, Oesophageal disease < GASTROENTEROLOGY, Fitness, Gastrointestinal tumours < ONCOLOGY For peer review only - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/site/about/guidelines.xhtml BMJ Open on July 12, 2020 by guest. Protected by copyright. http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012876 on 7 December 2016. Downloaded from

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Page 1: BMJ Open€¦ · Place Lucie et Raymond Aubrac, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France (4) Digestive and oncological surgery, Hospital Claude Huriez, place de Verdun, 59037 Lille, France

For peer review only

Effect of prehabilitation in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: study protocol of a multicentric,

randomised control trial - PREHAB study

Journal: BMJ Open

Manuscript ID bmjopen-2016-012876

Article Type: Protocol

Date Submitted by the Author: 01-Jun-2016

Complete List of Authors: Le Roy, Bertrand; CHU Estaing, Digestive surgery Pereira, Bruno; University Hospital CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Biostatistic unit Bouteloup, Corinne; CHU Estaing, Digestive and Liver Disease

Costes, Frederic; CHU Gabriel Montpied, Department of physiology and medical sport Richard, Ruddy; CHU Gabriel Montpied, Department of physiology and medical sport Selvy, Marie; CHU Estaing, Digestive surgery and oncological department Petorin, Caroline; Oncology Gagniere, Johan; University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Digestive and Hepatobiliary Surgery Futier, Emmanuel; CHU Estaing, Department of Anesthesia Slim, Karem; CHU Estaing, Digestive surgery and oncological department Meunier, Bernard; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes Mabrut, Jean-Yves; Hopital de la Croix-Rousse

Mariette, C.; CHU Claude Huriez, Digestive and oncological surgery Pezet, Denis; Digestive surgery

<b>Primary Subject Heading</b>:

Surgery

Secondary Subject Heading: Rehabilitation medicine, Oncology

Keywords: Prehabilitation, Gastric cancer, Oesophageal disease < GASTROENTEROLOGY, Fitness, Gastrointestinal tumours < ONCOLOGY

For peer review only - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/site/about/guidelines.xhtml

BMJ Open on July 12, 2020 by guest. P

rotected by copyright.http://bm

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MJ O

pen: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012876 on 7 D

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For peer review only

1

Effect of prehabilitation in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: study protocol of a

multicentric, randomised control trial - PREHAB study

Bertrand Le Roy, MD1, Bruno Pereira, PhD

2, Corinne Bouteloup, MD

6,9,10, Frederic Costes,

MD, PhD5, Ruddy Richard, MD, PhD

5, Marie Selvy, MD

1, Caroline Pétorin, MD

1, Johan

Gagnière, MD1, Emmanuel Futier, MD, PhD

3, Karem Slim, MD

1, Bernard Meunier, MD,

PhD7, Jean-Yves Mabrut, MD, PhD

8, Christophe Mariette, MD, PhD

4, Denis Pezet, MD,

PhD1.

(1) Digestive surgery and oncological department, Hospital Estaing, 1, place Lucie-Aubrac,

63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France

(2) Biostatistics unit (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, 63003 Clermont-

Ferrand, France

(3) Department of Anesthesia, Hospital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, 1

Place Lucie et Raymond Aubrac, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France

(4) Digestive and oncological surgery, Hospital Claude Huriez, place de Verdun, 59037 Lille,

France

(5) Department of physiology and medical sport, Hospital, Gabriel Montpied, Clermont-

Ferrand, France

(6) University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Digestive and Liver Disease Unit F-63003

Clermont-Ferrand, France

(7) Digestive surgery department, Hospital Pontchaillou, 2 rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35033

Rennes, France

(8) Digestive surgery department, Hospital Croix Rousse, 103 Grande rue de la Croix

Rousse, 69004 Lyon, France

(9) Clermont Auvergne University, University of Auvergne, Human Nutrition Unit, ECREIN,

BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France

(10) INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63009 Clermont-Ferrand, France

Corresponding author

Bertrand Le Roy

Service de chirurgie et oncologie digestive

1 place Lucie Aubrac

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on July 12, 2020 by guest. Protected by copyright.

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2

63000 Clermont-Ferrand

Tel: + 33 4 73 75 04 96

Email: [email protected]

Word count: 2840

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on July 12, 2020 by guest. Protected by copyright.

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Administrative information

Title: Effect of prehabilitation in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: study protocol of a

multicentric, randomised control trial - PREHAB study

Trial registration: NCT02780921

Protocol version: Version 4, 20 apr 2016

Funding: This study has received a grant from PHRC (Protocole Hospitalier en Recherche

Clinique) 2015 (PHRC IR 2015 LE ROY), a national public funding of research.

In accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and French regulations on clinical trials, the

study was presented to an independent ethics committee, the “Comité de Protection des

Personnes Sud Est 6” (reference: AU1228, IRB00008526, Clermont-Ferrand, France). The

approval of the committee was obtained on March 7th

, 2016. The protocol was declared to the

competent French authority (“Agence Nationale de Sécurité du Médicament et des produits de

santé”, Saint Denis, France) and registered under number 2015 A01733-46. Authorisation was

obtained on December, 21st 2015.

A clinical research assistant will be commissioned by the sponsor (University Hospital of

Clermont-Ferrand) in order to monitor the progress of the study in accordance with the

Standard Operating Procedures implemented at the University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand,

in accordance with the Good Clinical Practice and current French laws.

The data set will be the property of the sponsor (CHU Clermont-Ferrand). However, the

principal investigator and the project manager will have full access to the final data set. The

results will be communicated in a peer-reviewed journal, presented at international congresses

and summarized on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Protocol contributor

Bertrand Le Roy

Service de chirurgie et oncologie digestive

1 place Lucie Aubrac

63000 Clermont-Ferrand

Tel: + 33 4 73 75 04 96

Email: [email protected]

Study sponsor:

C.H.U. de Clermont-Ferrand

58 Rue de Montalembert

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63003 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1

Protocol contributors

Pr Christophe Mariette, principal investigator from Lille

Service de Chirurgie Digestive et Générale

Hôpital HURIEZ, CHRU Lille

Place de Verdun, 59037 Lille

Pr Meunier Bernard, principal investigator from Rennes

Service de Chirurgie Digestive et Générale

Hôpital Pontchaillou, CHRU Rennes

Rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35000 Rennes

Pr Jean Yves Mabrut, principal investigator from Lyon

Service de Chirurgie Digestive et Générale

Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Hospice civils de Lyon

Grande rue de la croix rousse, 69317 Lyon

Contributors: BL, CB, FC, RR, BM, JYM, MS, CP, JG, EF, KS, CM and DP led the

conceptualisation, design and implementation of this research protocol with the collaboration

of the FRENCH (Fédération de recherche en chirurgie digestive). BP led the development of

the statistical analysis plan. BL participated in the design of the protocol for interventions and

assessments. All the authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

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ABSTRACT

Introduction: Perioperative chemotherapy is the gold standard treatment of the resectable

gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. However, 70% of patients can’t receive the complete

sequence because of a postoperative complication or a decrease of functional and nutritional

reserves. Recently, a new concept appeared in digestive surgery: the prehabilitation. This

interventional process consists of a patient preparation, between the surgical consultation and

the surgery, and is based on 3 components: 1) physical management 2) nutritional care and 3)

psychological care. Prehabilitation should decrease postoperative complications and improve

nutritional and physical status during the pre- and postoperative period. Therefore, it is

becoming essential to evaluate the effect of prehabilitation, compared to conventional care, on

the percentage of patients reaching the complete oncological treatment.

Methods and analysis: The PREHAB trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy of prehabilitation

compared to conventional care, in patients with gastroesophageal cancer with perioperative

chemotherapy. This trial is a prospective, randomised, controlled, open-blind, and

interventional study, in 4 centers. Patients (n=60 per group) will be randomly assigned for

management with either prehabilitation or conventional care. The primary outcome is the

percentage of patients reaching the complete oncological treatment decided in a

multidisciplinary tumour board. The secondary outcomes are the postoperative morbidity,

disease free survival, overall survival, feasibility of the protocol, length of stay, variation of

the functional reserve after the preoperative chemotherapy (defined by VO2peak, ventilatory

threshold and 6 min walk test), pre- and postoperative nutritional status, preoperative anxiety,

quality of life, 30- and 90 days mortality and cumulative dose of cytotoxic treatment received.

Ethics and dissemination: The study was approved by an independent medical ethics

committee (IRB00008526, CPP Sud-Est VI, Clermont-Ferrand, France) and by the competent

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on July 12, 2020 by guest. Protected by copyright.

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French authority (ANSM, Saint Denis, France) and registered on Clinicaltrial.gov. The results

will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal.

Trial registration number: NCT02780921; pre-result.

Strengths and limitations of this study: The main strength of this multicentric, prospective

and randomized study is that this concept of prehabilitation has never been done on this high

postoperative morbidity surgery. The main limit is this study includes both oesophageal and

stomach cancer.

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INTRODUCTION

Perioperative chemotherapy is the gold standard treatment of the resectable and advanced

gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. The efficacy of this strategy has been demonstrated in two

randomized studies.1 2

It reduces tumour size before surgery, treats micrometastases and

evaluates chemosensitivity. Disease free and overall survival rates were significantly

improved with perioperative chemotherapy compared to surgery alone. However, the

limitation of these studies is that among all patients requiring chemotherapy, almost 70% of

patients did not receive the complete sequence. This sequence is defined by the administration

of two to four cycles before and two to four cycles after the surgery, according to the

protocol. The major cause of absence or impossibility of realization of postoperative

chemotherapy was the presence of postoperative complication, postoperative serious asthenia

and impaired nutritional and physical status. 1 2

Poor physical condition assessed by

cardiopulmonary exercise testing, reflecting a reduced physiological reserve, is predictive of

postoperative complications. 3 4

A physical training, even during a short period and on a

various population, is beneficial in improving physical condition, cardiopulmonary function

and muscular mass of the patient.5-8

A prehabilitation over a six week period between pre-

surgical clinic appointment and surgery decreases postoperative morbidity and the hospital

stay in cardiovascular surgery, but no study has ever been performed in patients presented

with gastric or oesophageal cancer. 7 9

Prehabilitation revolves around three axes: 1) a physical training based on initial

cardiopulmonary exercise testing (VO2peak, ventilatory threshold (VT) and 6-min walk test

(6MWT)), 3 times by week, supervised by a physical therapist 2) a nutritional care to ensure

the compliance of the nutrition program and adapt the nutritional management based on

protein and energy needs and on the level of spontaneous oral intake and 2) a psychological

treatment by a psychologist to reduce preoperative anxiety. To our knowledge, no study ever

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focused on the gastroesophageal cancer. The benefit of prehabilitation in this cancer may be

particularly important because 1) this surgery is associated with a high postoperative

morbidity (40%, especially respiratory) and mortality (5%) 2) the physical and nutritional

status of these patients is often precarious (cancer cachexia, gastroesophageal obstruction),

and 3) the need to preoperative chemotherapy declines physical reserves and is associated

with a lengthening of the time between pre-surgery clinic appointment and surgery of more

than 3 months.10

Also, we hypothesize, in this parallel, of noninferiority study that with a

physical training, a personalized nutritional support and a psychologist global management

may decrease postoperative complications, increase postoperative nutritional status and so,

would results in an increase in the numbers of patients receiving their full cancer treatment.

The aim of this randomized, with parallel group, of superiority study, was to evaluate, in

patients presenting with gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma, the effect of prehabilitation

compared to conventional care, the percentage of patients reaching the complete oncological

treatment previously decided in a multidisciplinary tumour board.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS

Study setting

The present study is a prospective, randomised, controlled, open and multicentric, phase III

trial that compares prehabilitation (Prehab group) versus conventional care (control group) in

patients presenting with gastric and low oesophageal adenocarcinoma, treated by

perioperative chemotherapy. Inclusions will be perform in four French tertiary centers.

Study objectives

In the experimental group (Prehab group), the main objective is to demonstrate an

improvement of the percentage of patients reaching the complete oncological treatment fixed

in a multidisciplinary tumour board. The secondary objectives is to evaluate the effect of the

prehabilitation on the postoperative morbidity according Dindo-Clavien classification, severe

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morbidity (Clavien >2), disease free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), feasibility of the

protocol (number of physical sessions realized on the eighteen proposed), length of stay,

variation of the functional reserve after the chemotherapy (defined by VO2peak, VT and

6MWT), pre- and postoperative nutritional status, preoperative anxiety, quality of life (EQ-5D

survey) at the end of the treatment, 30- and 90 days mortality and cumulative dose of

cytotoxic treatment received.11

Inclusion and exclusion criteria

To be included in the study, the patient must have been operated for a gastric or oesophageal

adenocarcinoma and received perioperative chemotherapy, subscribe to the French national

health insurance system and give their written consent. Patients cannot be included in the

study for one of the following criteria: <18 years of age, need for a radiochemotherapy,

presenting with any unbalanced progressive disease (hepatic failure, renal failure (creatinine

clearance <30mL / min), respiratory failure, congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction in

the last 6 months), treated for another cancer within 5 years, except basal cell skin carcinoma

or carcinoma in situ of the cervix, presenting with cognitive disorders or major disability

making impossible to understand the study and sign the informed consent, or being

breastfeeding or pregnant. Finally, patients already included in another clinical trial, or

estimated by the investigator to not be able to be compliant with the criteria of the study, or

with legal incapacity (person deprived of liberty or subject under guardianship) will not be

enrolled in this study. Guidelines regarding stopping participation are: withdrawal of patient

consent, non-compliance of the patient, adverse event and by decision of the investigator. In

case of withdrawal from the study, the patient will be followed and managed normally in the

digestive surgery department. The exclusion period during which the patient cannot

participate in another clinical trial is 15 days before inclusion and 0 days after the end of the

study.

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Interventions

After the first visit with his surgeon, the patient will be presented at the multidisciplinary

tumour board to validate the inclusion criteria and to schedule the number of cycles of pre-

and postoperative chemotherapy. After this step, a second consultation with the surgeon will

take place to verify all inclusion and exclusion criteria and perform the randomization. For the

two groups, an initial (before chemotherapy) and final (one week before the surgery)

evaluation will be performed. The evaluation includes cardiopulmonary exercise testing

(VO2peak, VT and 6MWT), nutritional evaluation (albumin), bioelectric impedance analysis,

evaluation of physical activity and ingesta, evaluation of the level of depressive symptoms

and anxiety with the HADS survey and the quality of life (5Q-FD survey).

Study group

“Prehab” group

Exercise intervention: The total-body exercise will consist of up to one hour of supervised

exercise for at least three days per week, for a total of 18 cycles, alternating between aerobic

and resistance training. Exercise intensity will be prescribed based on the rate of the 6MWT,

VT and VO2peak. The participant will exercise in the presence of the physical therapist who

will provide corrective feedback, if necessary.

Nutrition intervention: Initially, a nutritionist will perform a medical examination run

appropriate biological tests to evaluate the nutritional status and to provide individualized care

to each patient. Individual protein requirements will be calculated as 1.2g of protein per

kilogram of body weight (adjusted body weight was used for obese patients), as per European

Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) guidelines regarding surgical

patients.12

Patients will be asked to consume the protein supplement within one hour of their

exercise regimen to capitalize on postexercise muscle protein synthesis.13

Then, a dietician

will assess the compliance of the nutritional support at each cycle of chemotherapy and will

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adjust it, if necessary. After the preoperative chemotherapy, a second evaluation by a

nutritionist will be performed.

Psychologist intervention: Patients will receive up to a one hour visit with a trained

psychologist who will provide techniques aiming to reducing anxiety, such as relaxation

exercises based on imagery and visualization, together with breathing exercises. Each patient

will practice these exercises with the psychologist initially and at each cycle of chemotherapy

and at home two to three times per week. The psychologist also provides suggestions on how

to enhance and reinforce patients’ motivation to comply with the exercise and nutritional

aspects of the intervention.

Control group:

The control group will be treated according to conventional care; will not receive any specific

intervention before surgery except nutritional support and physiotherapy at the surgeon’s

discretion.

Study outcomes

The primary outcome is, in patients presenting with gastric or oesophageal adenocarcinoma,

the percentage of patients in each group, receiving the full perioperative oncological

treatment, previously defined by a multidisciplinary tumour board. If a patient does not

complete a chemotherapy course (=event), he will be considered as a subject who did not

receive the full protocol (chemotherapy-surgery-chemotherapy). However, a decrease in dose

of chemotherapy or a stop of a component of chemotherapy will not be considered as an

event.

The secondary outcomes are: postoperative morbidity at 3 months according Dindo-Clavien

classification; severe morbidity at 3 months (Clavien >2); disease free survival (DFS),

survival defined by the time, in months, before recurrence at 3- and 5-years after the end of

the postoperative chemotherapy; overall survival (OS), defined by the time, in months, of the

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overall survival at 3- and 5 years after the end of the postoperative chemotherapy; feasibility

of the protocol defined by the percentage of physical sessions realized on the eighteen

proposed in the preoperative period; length (in days) of postoperative stay; difference between

the initial (before preoperative chemotherapy) and final (after preoperative chemotherapy)

VO2 at the VT (ml.min-1

.kg-1

); difference between the initial (before preoperative

chemotherapy) and final (after preoperative chemotherapy) value of VO2peak (ml.min-1

.kg-1

.);

difference between the initial (before preoperative chemotherapy) and final (after preoperative

chemotherapy) 6MWT (meters); difference between the initial (before preoperative

chemotherapy) and final (after preoperative chemotherapy) weight (Kg); difference between

the initial (before preoperative chemotherapy) and final (after preoperative chemotherapy)

albuminemia (g/l); difference between the initial (before preoperative chemotherapy) and

final (after preoperative chemotherapy) evaluation on the score of HADS survey (Hospital

anxiety and depression scale) to assess the anxiety and depression from a survey with 14

questions; difference of the score between the initial evaluation (before preoperative

chemotherapy) and at 3-months after the surgery of the quality of life defined by the EQ-5D

survey; 30- and 90 days mortality.

Methodology and study design

The trial will be performed in four centres. Patients will be recruited, treated and followed-up

at the digestive surgery department of the University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand (France),

Lille (France), Lyon (France) and Rennes (France). After the multidisciplinary tumour board

will check all the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the PREHAB trial will be proposed by

surgeons to patients with gastric or oesophageal adenocarcinoma and concomitant

perioperative chemotherapy. Patients will be informed of the trial protocol and, on

acceptance, will be randomised in the “Prehab” group or the control group. Randomisation

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will be carried out using a dedicated centralised telephone system and accessible round the

clock. The randomisation sequence will be generated by a biostatistician using random blocks

and stratification as a function of the centers and type of cancer (œsophagus or stomach). The

trial will be open blinded because of the procedures employed and with an objective primary

endpoint. The patient will be informed of the randomisation arm throughout the trial.

Statistical considerations

Estimation sample size

According to previous works, we estimated the percentage of patients in each group, realizing

the full perioperative oncological treatment around 30% (1,2). A sample size of n=56

patients by randomized group would provide 90% statistical power to detect an absolute

difference of 30% (30% vs. 60%) for a two-sided α level of 0.05. Finally, a total of 60

patients by group will be considered. An interim analysis is planned after enrolment of the

first 60 patients using the Lan and DeMets, O’Brien-Fleming method (East software, Cytel

Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA). The type I error is fixed at 0.003 for this interim

analysis. The time schedule of enrolment has been estimated at 18 months.

Statistical analysis

Statistical analysis will be conducted on intention to treat (ITT) using Stata software, V.13

(StataCorp, College Station, Texas, USA). A two-sided p value of less than 0.05 will be

considered to indicate statistical significance (except interim analysis). Baseline

characteristics will be presented for each randomized group as the mean ± SD or the median

[interquartile range] according to the statistical distribution for continuous data, and as the

number of patients and associated percentages for categorical parameters.

Comparisons between independent groups will be analysed using the χ2 or Fisher's exact test

for categorical variables (notably unplanned readmission and primary outcome: percentage of

patients realizing the full perioperative oncological treatment) and Student t-test or Mann-

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Whitney's test for quantitative parameters (notably weight loss, BMI body mass index,

albumin, body impedance, length of stay, VO2peak, VT, 6MWT, depressive and anxious

symptoms evaluated using HADS, quality of Life according EQ-5D). The normality will be

studied by the Shapiro-Wilk test and the homoscedasticity using the Fisher-Snedecor test. The

analysis of the primary outcome will be complemented by multivariate analysis using

generalized linear mixed model (logistic for dichotomous dependent variable) to take into

account (1) fixed effects covariates retained according to univariate analysis results and

clinical relevance, and (2) random-effects (between and within centre and surgeon

variabilities). Censored data such as overall survival or event-free survival will be estimated

using Kaplan-Meier method and compared (i) by log-rank test in univariate situation and (ii)

using Cox proportional hazard model in the multivariate context. Regarding the analysis of

repeated measures, random-effect models (linear or generalised linear) will be considered to

study the fixed effects group, time-points evaluation and interaction ‘group x time’, taking

into account between and within subject variability.

In prehab group, a dose-response study will be proposed to assess (i) the impact of the

number of prehabilitation sessions really realized and (ii) the compliance prehabilitation care

(dietary and nutritional management). A particular focus will be done on lost to follow-up. A

study with the abandonment considered as a censored data will be proposed using Kaplan-

Meier estimation. If the frequency of missing data is greater than 5%, we will perform

additional analyses using imputation methods.

ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION

Approval

In accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and French regulations on clinical trials, the

study was presented to an independent ethics committee, the “Comité de Protection des

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Personnes Sud Est 6” (reference: AU1228, IRB00008526, Clermont-Ferrand, France). The

approval of the committee was obtained on March 7th

, 2016. The protocol was declared to the

competent French authority (“Agence Nationale de Sécurité du Médicament et des produits de

santé”, Saint Denis, France) and registered under number 2015 A01733-46. Authorisation was

obtained on December, 21st 2015. Any substantial change in the protocol or in the informed

consent form will be presented to both authorities as well as first inclusion and end of study.

Data monitoring will be performed per French regulations requirements. As required by the

IRB, a safety committee has been set up. The study is currently registered on the clinical trials

website under the following number: NCT02780921. The current protocol version is the firth,

since April 20th

, 2016.

Patient informed consent

According to international regulations on clinical trials, written informed consent will be

obtained from patients prior to their participation in the study (Appendices 1 and 2). Patients

will voluntarily confirm their understanding and willingness to participate in the study after

having been informed (in writing and verbally) by oncologists on all the aspects of the study.

They also will be informed about requirements regarding data protection and direct access to

their individual data. The patients will be informed that they are free to withdraw from the

study at any time at their own discretion, without necessarily giving reasons.

Data collection and quality management

Experienced and trained study coordinators will be dedicated to data acquisition, coding,

security and storage, under the responsibility of investigators. Each study data will be

anonymised. Data will be collected and managed using REDCap electronic data capture tools

hosted at the University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand.14

Research Electronic Data Capture

(REDCap) is a secure, web-based application designed to support data capture for research

studies, providing: 1) an intuitive interface for validated data entry; 2) audit trails for tracking

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data handling and export procedures; 3) automated export procedures for seamless data

downloads to common statistical packages; and 4) procedures for importing data from

external sources. A clinical research assistant will be commissioned by the sponsor

(University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand) in order to monitor the progress of the study in

accordance with the Standard Operating Procedures implemented at the University Hospital

of Clermont-Ferrand, in accordance with the Good Clinical Practice and current French laws.

Access to data and dissemination of results

The data set will be the property of the sponsor (CHU Clermont-Ferrand). However, the

principal investigator and the project manager will have full access to the final data set. The

results will be communicated in a peer-reviewed journal, presented at international congresses

and summarized on ClinicalTrials.gov.

DISCUSSION

The perioperative chemotherapy became the gold standard treatment in advanced gastric and

low œsophageal adenocarcinoma, with an improvement of DFS and OS.1 2

However, the

limitation of these studies is that, among all patients requiring chemotherapy, 70% of patients

will not receive the complete treatment sequence. In these studies, only patients in good

nutritional and physical status without postoperative complications can receive postoperative

treatment. 1 2

A meta-analysis reported that prehabilitation improved postoperative morbidity,

length of stay, nutritional and physical status.7 The PREHAB study presented here should

demonstrate if the prehabilitation increases the percentage of patients reaching the complete

oncological treatment defined in a multidisciplinary tumour board, to increase DFS and OS.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Cunningham D, Allum WH, Stenning SP, Thompson JN, Van de Velde CJH, Nicolson

M, et al. Perioperative chemotherapy versus surgery alone for resectable gastroesophageal

cancer. N Engl J Med. 2006 Jul 6;355(1):11–20.

2. Ychou M, Boige V, Pignon J-P, Conroy T, Bouché O, Lebreton G, et al. Perioperative

chemotherapy compared with surgery alone for resectable gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma:

an FNCLCC and FFCD multicenter phase III trial. J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol.

2011 May 1;29(13):1715–21.

3. Hennis PJ, Meale PM, Grocott MPW. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing for the

evaluation of perioperative risk in non-cardiopulmonary surgery. Postgrad Med J. 2011

Aug;87(1030):550–7.

4. Carlisle J, Swart M. Mid-term survival after abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery

predicted by cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Br J Surg. 2007 Aug;94(8):966–9.

5. Fong DYT, Ho JWC, Hui BPH, Lee AM, Macfarlane DJ, Leung SSK, et al. Physical

activity for cancer survivors: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ.

2012;344:e70.

6. Kemi OJ, Wisloff U. High-intensity aerobic exercise training improves the heart in

health and disease. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2010 Feb;30(1):2–11.

7. Valkenet K, van de Port IGL, Dronkers JJ, de Vries WR, Lindeman E, Backx FJG.

The effects of preoperative exercise therapy on postoperative outcome: a systematic review.

Clin Rehabil. 2011 Feb;25(2):99–111.

8. Jaggers JR, Simpson CD, Frost KL, Quesada PM, Topp RV, Swank AM, et al.

Prehabilitation before knee arthroplasty increases postsurgical function: a case study. J

Strength Cond Res Natl Strength Cond Assoc. 2007 May;21(2):632–4.

9. Van Adrichem EJ, Meulenbroek RL, Plukker JTM, Groen H, van Weert E.

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Comparison of two preoperative inspiratory muscle training programs to prevent pulmonary

complications in patients undergoing esophagectomy: a randomized controlled pilot study.

Ann Surg Oncol. 2014 Jul;21(7):2353–60.

10. West J, Wood H, Logan RFA, Quinn M, Aithal GP. Trends in the incidence of

primary liver and biliary tract cancers in England and Wales 1971-2001. Br J Cancer. 2006

Jun 5;94(11):1751–8.

11. Dindo D, Demartines N, Clavien P-A. Classification of surgical complications: a new

proposal with evaluation in a cohort of 6336 patients and results of a survey. Ann Surg. 2004

Aug;240(2):205–13.

12. Weimann A, Braga M, Harsanyi L, Laviano A, Ljungqvist O, Soeters P, et al. ESPEN

Guidelines on Enteral Nutrition: Surgery including organ transplantation. Clin Nutr Edinb

Scotl. 2006 Apr;25(2):224–44.

13. Campbell WW, Leidy HJ. Dietary protein and resistance training effects on muscle

and body composition in older persons. J Am Coll Nutr. 2007 Dec;26(6):696S–703S.

14. Harris PA, Taylor R, Thielke R, Payne J, Gonzalez N, Conde JG. Research electronic

data capture (REDCap)--a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing

translational research informatics support. J Biomed Inform. 2009 Apr;42(2):377–81.

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Contributors: BL, CB, FC, RR, BM, JYM, MS, CP, JG, EF, KS, CM and DP led the

conceptualisation, design and implementation of this research protocol with the collaboration

of the FRENCH (Fédération de recherche en chirurgie digestive). BP led the development of

the statistical analysis plan. BL participated in the design of the protocol for interventions and

assessments. All the authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

Funding: This study has received a grant from PHRC (Protocole Hospitalier en Recherche

Clinique) 2015 (PHRC IR 2015 LE ROY).

Ethics approval IRB00008526 and ANSM (2015-A01733-46).

Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

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Appendices:

1. Informed form

2. Consent form

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Appendice 1

FORMULAIRE D’INFORMATION

Etude pilote, randomisée, multicentrique sur l’effet de la préhabilitation dans le cancer de l’estomac et de

l’œsophage

Promoteur de l’essai :

CHU de Clermont Ferrand,

58 rue Montalembert,

63003 Clermont Ferrand Cedex 1, France

Code promoteur : PHRC IR 2015 LE ROY

Investigateur coordonnateur :

Docteur Bertrand Le Roy

Service de chirurgie digestive et hépato-biliaire

1 Place Lucie Aubrac

63003 Clermont-Ferrand

Madame, Monsieur, il vous est proposé de participer à un protocole de recherche clinique, dont le but

est de montrer qu’on peut améliorer votre récupération post opératoire et optimiser la poursuite de votre

traitement de chimiothérapie en vous préparant physiquement, psychologiquement et le plan nutritionnel avant

l’intervention. Cette prise en charge est appelée « préhabilitation » et va vous être expliquée ci-après plus en

détails.

Cependant avant de décider de prendre part à cette étude biomédicale, il est important que vous preniez

le temps de lire et de comprendre les informations suivantes concernant le déroulement de ce protocole. Cette

note d’information décrit l’objectif, les procédures, les bénéfices et les risques de l’étude. Elle explique entre

autre votre droit à vous retirer de l’étude à tout moment sans avoir à vous justifier. S’il y a quoi que ce soit dans

ce document que vous ne comprenez pas, veuillez demander à votre médecin ("investigateur") ou au personnel

de l’étude de vous l’expliquer. Prenez votre temps pour décider si vous souhaitez ou non participer à cette étude ;

parlez-en avec vos amis ou vos proches. Si vous choisissez de participer, il vous sera demandé de signer un

document intitulé « Formulaire de consentement » et ce en 2 exemplaires, dont un vous sera remis. Si vous

refusez de prendre part à l’étude, ceci n’aura aucune conséquence sur votre prise en charge médicale.

Pour pouvoir participer à cette étude vous devez être couvert par un régime de Sécurité Sociale.

Rationnel de l’étude

Vous allez être opéré de votre cancer œsogastrique dans le service de chirurgie de votre CHU.

Comme toute intervention chirurgicale, elle comporte des risques propres à chaque type d’intervention.

Ces risques peuvent induire une augmentation de votre durée d’hospitalisation, une diminution plus ou moins

longue de votre qualité de vie voire une impossibilité à poursuivre votre traitement de chimiothérapie.

Récemment des chirurgiens ont montré qu’une préparation durant 6 semaines avant l’opération, pouvait

améliorer les résultats post-opératoires sur la morbidité globale, le statut nutritionnel, le retour plus rapide aux

activités quotidiennes permettant, en autre, de réaliser tout le protocole de chimiothérapie prévu initialement.

Cette prise en charge est appelée « préhabilitation ». Elle repose sur 3 volets.

- une prise en charge physique qui consiste à réaliser des exercices cardiovasculaires 3 fois par

semaine sous surveillance médicale dans le service de médecine du sport et de réadaptation de

votre l’hôpital

Paraphe du patient

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- une prise en charge nutritionnelle qui consiste à établir avec un médecin nutritionniste et un

diététicien, un programme alimentaire pouvant conduite à une supplémentation nutritionnelle si

nécessaire

- une prise en charge psychologique avec le soutien d’un psychologue qui vous recommandera, en

autre, des tests de relaxation à réaliser à la maison.

Ce protocole a déjà montré son intérêt dans le domaine de la chirurgie cardio vasculaire ou du cancer colorectal.

Aussi, nous souhaiterions en faire de même pour la chirurgie du cancer œsogastrique d’où l’étude à laquelle nous

vous proposons de participer.

Déroulement de l’étude :

Après information par votre chirurgien et après lecture de cette note, si vous acceptez de rentrer dans l’étude, un

bilan pré-opératoire standard pour votre pathologie pourra être réalisé si nécessaire. De même vous pourrez être

amené à voir ou revoir un anesthésiste à la demande du chirurgien.

Nous vous demanderons également de bien vouloir compléter, répondre à quelques questionnaires évaluant votre

qualité de vie, vos habitudes alimentaires, vos activités quotidiennes...

Après ces évaluations et si vous répondez toujours aux critères du protocole, un tirage au sort sera réalisé afin de

déterminer dans quel groupe vous allez entrer durant vos séances de chimiothérapie pré opératoire 1) groupe

contrôle : préparation standard selon les référentiels actuels, 2) groupe préhabilitation.

Paraphe du patient

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Paraphe du patient

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La préparation standard consistera :

a) à bénéficier de séance de kinésithérapie respiratoire si nécessaire,

b) à prendre des compléments alimentaires si nécessaire soit par voie orale, soit à l’aide de sonde naso-

gastrique (sonde qui passe par les narines pour aller directement dans le tube digestif) soit par injection.

c) à évaluer votre anxiété à l’aide de questionnaires

La "préhabilitation" consistera :

a) à réaliser des exercices physiques à raison de 1h, 3 fois par semaine durant 6 semaines dans le service

de médecine du sport de votre Hôpital et ce, sous la surveillance médicale d’un kinésithérapeute.

Ces activités seront adaptées à vos propres capacités et selon vos résultats aux examens cardio

respiratoires réalisés au préalable avant tout traitement. Ils débuteront 2 mois avant votre chirurgie.

Les exercices réalisés seront de 2 types :

* des exercices d’endurance dont le but sont d’améliorer votre résistance cardio vasculaire en

réalisant du vélo et/ou de la marche,

* des exercices de renforcement musculaires (bras, épaules, poitrine, abdomen, dos hanches et

jambe) à l’aide de matériel type haltères, élastiques …...

Tous ces exercices seront actualisés au cours du temps en fonction de vos progrès, performances.

b) à suivre un programme nutritionnel élaboré avec un nutritionniste 2 mois avant votre chirurgie. Ce

dernier sera établi en fonction de vos besoins, de vos habitudes alimentaires et pourra être adapté,

modifié en cours du programme avec l’aide du diététicien qui vous rencontrera régulièrement lors de

vos

venues à l’hôpital pour vos séances de chimiothérapie. Vous reverrez également le nutritionniste à la

fin de vos 6 semaines de préhabilitation.

c) à vous rendre à des consultations de psychologies pour apprendre à gérer, contrôler votre anxiété, à

mieux appréhender votre traitement de chimiothérapie et les effets secondaires associés. Pour cela il

vous sera demandé d’assister à 3 consultations d’1h avec un psychologue qui vous apprendra des

exercices de relaxations à réaliser ensuite à votre domicile. Ces consultations auront lieu au cours des

2 mois précédents votre chirurgie

A la fin de vos séances de chimiothérapie, vous bénéficierez à nouveaux de bilans (et ce, peu importe

dans quel groupe vous êtes inclus) afin de faire le point sur :

1) votre résistance cardiorespiratoire

2) votre état nutritionnel,

3) votre niveau d’anxiété

De même il vous sera demandé de répondre à des questionnaires

Ensuite, un suivi médical 1 mois puis à la fin de votre traitement de chimiothérapie adjuvante sera

réalisé par le biais d’une consultation afin d’évaluer les suites opératoires, votre qualité de vie, votre autonomie.

Le déroulement de chaque consultation comprendra un examen médical clinique, des questionnaires spécifiques

à l’étude à compléter.

Paraphe du patient

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Bénéfices et risques de l’étude

Les bénéfices potentiels pour vous de participer à cette étude pourraient être une meilleure récupération

post opératoire, une durée d’hospitalisation plus courte et surtout un retour plus rapide à vos activités du

quotidien, et peut être une meilleur tolérance de la chimiothérapie.

Ce projet ne devrait pas engendrer de risque supplémentaire pour vous si ce n’est peut être un surplus de

fatigue liée aux exercices, examens et consultations supplémentaires requis par l’essai, voire des contraintes

supplémentaires comme disponibilités, déplacements, suivi alimentaire .

Modalité de recrutement

Ce protocole sera proposé à 120 patients répondant aux critères d’inclusion et d’exclusion. Ces 120 patients

seront inclus après signature du consentement éclairé.

Traitements administrés dans le cadre de cette étude

Aucun traitement supplémentaire autre que ceux utilisés en routine pour votre prise en charge thérapeutique

ne sera nécessaire à la conduite de cette étude.

Evaluations réalisées

Nous essayerons au mieux de concilier les examens, consultations spécifiques au protocole avec vos venues

au CHU dans le cadre de votre traitement de chimiothérapie. Si des visites supplémentaires s’avéraient

nécessaires pour des questions de disponibilités, d’organisation de services sachez que cela n’induire aucun frais

supplémentaire pour vous.

De même lors de votre prise en charge, suivi, il vous sera remis des questionnaires permettant d’évaluer

votre qualité de vie, votre niveau d’anxiété ou encore votre statut physique et nutritionnel. Ces questionnaires

devront être remplis sur place et prendront au maximum une vingtaine de minutes.

Durée totale de votre participation à ce protocole

La durée totale de votre participation à cette étude sera de 6 mois.

Indemnisation

Il n’y aura aucune indemnisation dans le cadre de cette étude.

Période d’exclusion

La période d’exclusion définie dans le cadre de cette étude est de 15 jours avant votre inclusion jusqu’à

votre sortie d’étude, période pendant laquelle vous ne pourrez pas participer à un autre protocole de recherche

clinique.

Paraphe du patient

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6

Conservation de matériel biologique

Cette étude ne fera l’objet d’aucune conservation de matériel biologique

Protection des patients et confidentialité

Cette recherche a reçu l’avis favorable du Comité de Protection des Personnes sud est VI le

…………………………… ainsi que l’autorisation préalable de l’autorité compétente de santé datée du

………………………... Il est possible que cette recherche soit interrompue, si les circonstances le nécessitent,

par le promoteur ou à la demande de l’autorité de santé.

Votre participation à cette recherche biomédicale n'engendrera pour vous aucun frais supplémentaire par

rapport à ceux que vous auriez dans le cadre de la prise en charge standard de votre maladie.

Toutefois, pour pouvoir participer à cette recherche vous devez être affilié(e) ou bénéficier d’un régime de

sécurité sociale.

Le CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, qui organise cette recherche biomédicale en qualité de promoteur, a

contracté une assurance conformément aux dispositions législatives, garantissant sa responsabilité civile et celle

de tout intervenant auprès de la Société Hospitalière d’Assurances Mutuelles (SHAM, contrat n° 147161). Dans

le cas où votre état de santé serait altéré du fait de votre participation à l’étude, conformément à la loi de Santé

Publique n°2004-806 du 9 août 2004, vous seriez en droit de recevoir des dédommagements dans le cadre de ce

contrat d’assurance spécifique.

Dans le cadre de la recherche biomédicale à laquelle le CHU de Clermont-Ferrand (établissement

promoteur) vous propose de participer, un traitement informatique de vos données personnelles va être mis en

œuvre pour permettre d’analyser les résultats de la recherche au regard de l’objectif de cette dernière qui vous a

été présenté. A cette fin, les données médicales vous concernant et les données relatives à vos habitudes de vie,

seront transmises au Promoteur de la recherche ou aux personnes ou sociétés agissant pour son compte, en

France ou à l’étranger. Ces données seront identifiées par un numéro de code et par vos initiales. Ces données

pourront également, dans des conditions assurant leur confidentialité, être transmises aux autorités de santé

françaises, à d’autres entités du CHU de Clermont Ferrand (établissement promoteur).

Conformément aux dispositions de loi relative à l’informatique aux fichiers et aux libertés, vous disposez

d’un droit d’accès et de rectification. Vous disposez également d’un droit d’opposition à la transmission des

données couvertes par le secret professionnel susceptibles d’être utilisées dans le cadre de cette recherche et

d’être traitées.

Vous pouvez également accéder directement ou par l’intermédiaire d’un médecin de votre choix à

l’ensemble de vos données médicales en application des dispositions de l’article L. 1111-7 du code de la santé

publique. Ces droits s’exercent auprès du médecin qui vous suit dans le cadre de la recherche et qui connaît votre

identité.

Par ailleurs, vous pourrez être tenu informé des résultats globaux de cette recherche à la fin de l’étude.

Vous êtes libre d'accepter ou de refuser de participer à cette recherche. De plus vous pouvez exercer à tout

moment votre droit de retrait de cette recherche sans avoir à vous justifier. Le fait de ne plus participer à cette

recherche ne modifiera pas la qualité des soins qui vous sont prodigués. Vous pouvez demander à tout moment

des explications complémentaires sur l’étude à l’équipe soignante.

Lorsque vous aurez lu cette note d’information et obtenu les réponses aux questions que vous vous posez

en interrogeant le médecin investigateur, il vous sera proposé, si vous en êtes d’accord,

Paraphe du patient

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7

de donner votre consentement écrit en signant le document préparé à cet effet en accord avec le code de la

santé publique visant à protéger les personnes se soumettant à une étude biomédicale. Votre consentement écrit

n’enlève en aucun cas la responsabilité des médecins qui vous soignent

A qui devez-vous vous adresser en cas de questions ou de problèmes ?

En cas de problèmes, d’événements indésirables en cours d’essai ou de questions, vous pouvez vous

adresser aux personnes suivantes :

Vos contacts dans l’étude

Bertrand Le Roy (Coordonnateur)

Service de Chirurgie Digestive Hôpital Estaing CHU de Clermont-Ferrand

1 place Lucie et Raymond Aubrac 63003 Clermont-Ferrand cedex 1

Tel: 04 73 75 04 94 Fax : 04 73 75 19 22 bleroy@chu-

clermontferrand.fr

Brigitte Gillet (Ingénieur Hospitalier, Attaché de recherche clinique)

Service de Chirurgie Digestive Unité d'Oncologie Digestive Hôpital Estaing

CHU de Clermont-Ferrand 1 place Lucie et Raymond Aubrac

63003 Clermont-Ferrand cedex 1Tel: 04 73 75 52 26 Fax : 04 73 75 19 22 bgillet@chu-

clermontferrand.fr

Paraphe du patient sur toutes les pages

Date : ……/……/……

Signature du patient Paraphe de l’investigateur

(Précédée de la mention « Lu et compris »)

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8

Appendice 2

FORMULAIRE DE CONSENTEMENT DE PARTICIPATION A UNE

RECHERCHE BIOMEDICALE

Etude pilote, randomisée, multicentrique sur l’effet de la préhabilitation

dans le cancer de l’œsophage et de l’estomac

Promoteur de l’essai :

CHU de Clermont Ferrand,

58 rue Montalembert,

63003 Clermont Ferrand Cedex 1, France

Code promoteur : PHRC IR 2015 LE ROY

Investigateur coordonnateur :

Docteur Bertrand Le Roy

Service de chirurgie digestive et hépato-biliaire

1 Place Lucie Aubrac

63003 Clermont-Ferrand

Je soussigné(e)

Mme, M

lle, M. (rayer les mentions inutiles) (nom, prénom)……………………………………………

Né(e) le ………………….…………………...

Déclare :

- que le Docteur (nom, prénom, téléphone) ……………………………………………..…………….. m’a proposé

de participer à l’étude sus nommée,

- qu’il m’a expliqué en détail le protocole,

- qu’il m’a notamment fait connaître :

• l’objectif, la méthode et la durée de l’étude

• les contraintes et les risques potentiels encourus

• mon droit de refuser de participer et en cas de désaccord de retirer mon consentement à tout moment

• mon obligation d’inscription à un régime de sécurité sociale

• que, si je le souhaite, à son terme, je serais informé(e) par le médecin investigateur de ses résultats globaux

• que je ne serais pas autorisé(e) à participer à d’autres études cliniques durant toute ma participation à ce

protocole estimée à 6 mois maximum.

• que le Comité de Protection des Personnes Sud Est VI a émis un avis favorable en date du

xx/xx/xxxx(Préciser le nom de CPP sollicité et la date d’obtention de l’avis favorable)

• que l’ANSM (Agence Nationale de Sécurité du Médicament et des produits de santé) a délivré une

autorisation pour cette étude

• que dans le cadre de cette étude le promoteur, le CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, a souscrit à une assurance

couvrant cette recherche (contrat SHAM 147161).

- que j’ai répondu en toute bonne foi aux questions concernant mon état de santé et ma participation à d’autres

études.

Les informations relatives à l’étude recueillies par l’investigateur sont traitées confidentiellement. J’accepte que

les données enregistrées à l’occasion de cette recherche puissent faire l’objet d’un traitement informatisé

anonyme. J’ai bien noté que le droit d’accès prévu par la loi du 6 août 2004 relative à l’informatique, aux fichiers

et aux libertés s’exerce à tout moment auprès du médecin qui me suit dans le cadre de la recherche et qui connaît

mon identité. Je pourrai exercer mon droit de rectification et d’opposition auprès de ce même médecin, qui

contactera le promoteur de la recherche

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9

Après avoir discuté librement et obtenu réponse à toutes mes questions, j’accepte librement et

volontairement de participer à cette recherche biomédicale dans les conditions précisées dans le

formulaire d’information et de consentement.

Nom et prénom du patient :

……………………………………………………

Date :……./……./…….

Signature

Précédée de la mention « Lu et compris » :

Nom de l’investigateur :

……………………………………………………

Date :……./……./…….

Signature :

Ce document est à réaliser en 2 exemplaires originaux, dont le premier doit être gardé 15 ans par l’investigateur,

un autre remis à la personne donnant son consentement.

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Spirit

Administrative information

Title

1

Descriptive title identifying the study design, population, interventions, and, if applicable, trial acronym

Trial registration=> Page 3

2a

Trial identifier and registry name. If not yet registered, name of intended registry

=> Page 3

2b

All items from the World Health Organization Trial Registration Data Set

Protocol version

=> Page 3

3

Date and version identifier

Funding

=> Page 3

4

Sources and types of financial, material, and other support

Roles and responsibilities

=> Page 3-4

5a

Names, affiliations, and roles of protocol contributors

=> Page 4

5b

Name and contact information for the trial sponsor

=> Page 3-4

5c

Role of study sponsor and funders, if any, in study design; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation

of data; writing of the report; and the decision to submit the report for publication, including whether they will

have ultimate authority over any of these activities

=> Page 3

5d

Composition, roles, and responsibilities of the coordinating centre, steering committee, endpoint adjudication

committee, data management team, and other individuals or groups overseeing the trial, if applicable (see

Item 21a for data monitoring committee)

=> Page 3

Introduction

Background and rationale

6a

Description of research question and justification for undertaking the trial, including summary of relevant

studies (published and unpublished) examining benefits and harms for each intervention

=> Page 7

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6b

Explanation for choice of comparators

=> Page 8

Objectives

7

Specific objectives or hypotheses

Trial design

=> Page 8

8

Description of trial design including type of trial (eg, parallel group, crossover, factorial, single group), allocation

ratio, and framework (eg, superiority, equivalence, noninferiority, exploratory)

=> Page 8

Methods: Participants, interventions, and outcomes

Study setting

9

Description of study settings (eg, community clinic, academic hospital) and list of countries where data will be

collected. Reference to where list of study sites can be obtained Eligibility criteria

=> Page 8

10 Inclusion and exclusion criteria for participants. If applicable, eligibility criteria for study centres and

individuals who will perform the interventions (eg, surgeons, psychotherapists) Interventions

=> Page 9

11a Interventions for each group with sufficient detail to allow replication, including how and when they will be

administered

=> Page 10

11b Criteria for discontinuing or modifying allocated interventions for a given trial participant (eg, drug dose

change in response to harms, participant request, or improving/worsening disease)

=> Page 11-12

11c Strategies to improve adherence to intervention protocols, and any procedures for monitoring adherence

(eg, drug tablet return, laboratory tests)

=> Page 11-12

11d Relevant concomitant care and interventions that are permitted or prohibited during the trial Outcomes

=> Page 11-12

12 Primary, secondary, and other outcomes, including the specific measurement variable (eg, systolic blood

pressure), analysis metric (eg, change from baseline, final value, time to event), method of aggregation (eg,

median, proportion), and time point for each outcome. Explanation of the clinical relevance of chosen efficacy

and harm outcomes is strongly recommended Participant timeline

=> Page 11-12

13 Time schedule of enrolment, interventions (including any run-ins and washouts), assessments, and visits for

participants. A schematic diagram is highly recommended (see Figure) Sample size

=> Page 13-14

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14 Estimated number of participants needed to achieve study objectives and how it was determined, including

clinical and statistical assumptions supporting any sample size calculations Recruitment

=> Page 13-14

15 Strategies for achieving adequate participant enrolment to reach target sample size

=> Page 14

Methods: Assignment of interventions (for controlled trials) Allocation: Sequence generation

16a Method of generating the allocation sequence (eg, computer-generated random numbers), and list of any

factors for stratification. To reduce predictability of a random sequence, details of any planned restriction (eg,

blocking) should be provided in a separate document that is unavailable to those who enrol participants or

assign interventions

=> Page 14

Allocation concealment mechanism

16b Mechanism of implementing the allocation sequence (eg, central telephone; sequentially numbered,

opaque, sealed envelopes), describing any steps to conceal the sequence until interventions are assigned

Implementation

=> Page 14

16c Who will generate the allocation sequence, who will enrol participants, and who will assign participants to

interventions Blinding (masking)

=> Page 14

17a Who will be blinded after assignment to interventions (eg, trial participants, care providers, outcome

assessors, data analysts), and how

=> Page 14

17b If blinded, circumstances under which unblinding is permissible, and procedure for revealing a participant’s

allocated intervention during the trial Methods: Data collection, management, and analysis Data collection

methods

=> NA

18a Plans for assessment and collection of outcome, baseline, and other trial data, including any related

processes to promote data quality (eg, duplicate measurements, training of assessors) and a description of

study instruments (eg, questionnaires, laboratory tests) along with their reliability and validity, if known.

Reference to where data collection forms can be found, if not in the protocol

=> Page 14

18b Plans to promote participant retention and complete follow-up, including list of any outcome data to be

collected for participants who discontinue or deviate from intervention protocols Data management

=> Page 14

19 Plans for data entry, coding, security, and storage, including any related processes to promote data quality

(eg, double data entry; range checks for data values). Reference to where details of data management

procedures can be found, if not in the protocol Statistical methods

=> Page 14

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20a Statistical methods for analysing primary and secondary outcomes. Reference to where other details of the

statistical analysis plan can be found, if not in the protocol

=> Page 14

20b Methods for any additional analyses (eg, subgroup and adjusted analyses)

=> Page 14

20c Definition of analysis population relating to protocol non-adherence (eg, as randomised analysis), and any

statistical methods to handle missing data (eg, multiple imputation)

=> Page 14

Methods:

Monitoring Data monitoring

21a Composition of data monitoring committee (DMC); summary of its role and reporting structure; statement

of whether it is independent from the sponsor and competing interests; and reference to where further details

about its charter can be found, if not in the protocol. Alternatively, an explanation of why a DMC is not needed

=> Page 16

21b Description of any interim analyses and stopping guidelines, including who will have access to these

interim results and make the final decision to terminate the trial Harms

=> Page 13

22 Plans for collecting, assessing, reporting, and managing solicited and spontaneously reported adverse

events and other unintended effects of trial interventions or trial conduct Auditing

=> Page 13

23 Frequency and procedures for auditing trial conduct, if any, and whether the process will be independent

from investigators and the sponsor

=> Page 13

Ethics and dissemination

Research ethics approval

24

Plans for seeking research ethics committee/institutional review board (REC/IRB) approval

Protocol amendments

=> Page 14-15

25

Plans for communicating important protocol modifications (eg, changes to eligibility criteria, outcomes,

analyses) to relevant parties (eg, investigators, REC/IRBs, trial participants, trial registries, journals, regulators)

=> Page 14-15

Consent or assent

26a

Who will obtain informed consent or assent from potential trial participants or authorised surrogates, and how

(see Item 32)

=> Page 15

26b

Additional consent provisions for collection and use of participant data and biological specimens in ancillary

studies, if applicable

Confidentiality

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=> Page 15

27

How personal information about potential and enrolled participants will be collected, shared, and maintained

in order to protect confidentiality before, during, and after the trial

Declaration of interests

28

Financial and other competing interests for principal investigators for the overall trial and each study site

Access to data

29 Statement of who will have access to the final trial dataset, and disclosure of contractual agreements that

limit such access for investigators Ancillary and post-trial care

30 Provisions, if any, for ancillary and post-trial care, and for compensation to those who suffer harm from trial

participation

Dissemination policy

=> Page 16

31a

Plans for investigators and sponsor to communicate trial results to participants, healthcare professionals, the

public, and other relevant groups (eg, via publication, reporting in results databases, or other data sharing

arrangements), including any publication restrictions

=> Page 16

31b

Authorship eligibility guidelines and any intended use of professional writers

=> Page 16

31c

Plans, if any, for granting public access to the full protocol, participant-level dataset, and statistical code

=> Page 16

Appendices

Informed consent materials

32

Model consent form and other related documentation given to participants and authorised surrogates

Biological specimens

=> Appendice 1, legends page 20

33

Plans for collection, laboratory evaluation, and storage of biological specimens for genetic or molecular analysis

in the current trial and for future use in ancillary studies, if applicable

=>NA

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Effect of prehabilitation in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: study protocol of a multicentric,

randomised control trial - PREHAB study

Journal: BMJ Open

Manuscript ID bmjopen-2016-012876.R1

Article Type: Protocol

Date Submitted by the Author: 14-Sep-2016

Complete List of Authors: Le Roy, Bertrand; CHU Estaing, Digestive surgery Pereira, Bruno; University Hospital CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Biostatistic unit Bouteloup, Corinne; CHU Estaing, Digestive and Liver Disease

Costes, Frederic; CHU Gabriel Montpied, Department of physiology and medical sport Richard, Ruddy; CHU Gabriel Montpied, Department of physiology and medical sport Selvy, Marie; CHU Estaing, Digestive surgery and oncological department Petorin, Caroline; Oncology Gagniere, Johan; University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Digestive and Hepatobiliary Surgery Futier, Emmanuel; CHU Estaing, Department of Anesthesia Slim, Karem; CHU Estaing, Digestive surgery and oncological department Meunier, Bernard; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes Mabrut, Jean-Yves; Hopital de la Croix-Rousse

Mariette, C.; CHU Claude Huriez, Digestive and oncological surgery Pezet, Denis; Digestive surgery

<b>Primary Subject Heading</b>:

Surgery

Secondary Subject Heading: Rehabilitation medicine, Oncology

Keywords: Prehabilitation, Gastric cancer, Oesophageal disease < GASTROENTEROLOGY, Fitness, Gastrointestinal tumours < ONCOLOGY

For peer review only - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/site/about/guidelines.xhtml

BMJ Open on July 12, 2020 by guest. P

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ecember 2016. D

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1

Effect of prehabilitation in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: study protocol of a

multicentric, randomised control trial - PREHAB study

Bertrand Le Roy, MD1, Bruno Pereira, PhD

2, Corinne Bouteloup, MD

6,9,10, Frédéric Costes,

MD, PhD5,10

, Ruddy Richard, MD, PhD5,10

, Marie Selvy, MD1, Caroline Pétorin, MD

1, Johan

Gagnière, MD1, Emmanuel Futier, MD, PhD

3, Karem Slim, MD

1, Bernard Meunier, MD,

PhD7, Jean-Yves Mabrut, MD, PhD

8, Christophe Mariette, MD, PhD

4, Denis Pezet, MD,

PhD1.

(1) Digestive surgery and oncological department, Hospital Estaing, 1, place Lucie-Aubrac,

63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France

(2) Biostatistics unit (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, 63003 Clermont-

Ferrand, France

(3) Department of Anesthesia, Hospital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, 1

Place Lucie et Raymond Aubrac, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France

(4) Digestive and oncological surgery, Hospital Claude Huriez, place de Verdun, 59037 Lille,

France

(5) Department of Sports Medicine and Functional Explorations, Hospital, Gabriel Montpied,

Clermont-Ferrand, France

(6) University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Digestive and Liver Disease Unit F-63003

Clermont-Ferrand, France

(7) Digestive surgery department, Hospital Pontchaillou, 2 rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35033

Rennes, France

(8) Digestive surgery department, Hospital Croix Rousse, 103 Grande rue de la Croix

Rousse, 69004 Lyon, France

(9) Clermont Auvergne University, University of Auvergne, Human Nutrition Unit, ECREIN,

BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France

(10) INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63009 Clermont-Ferrand, France

Corresponding author

Bertrand Le Roy

Service de chirurgie et oncologie digestive

1 place Lucie Aubrac

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63000 Clermont-Ferrand

Tel: + 33 4 73 75 04 96

Email: [email protected]

Word count: 2840

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Administrative information

Title: Effect of prehabilitation in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: study protocol of a

multicentric, randomised control trial - PREHAB study

Trial registration: NCT02780921

Protocol version: Version 4, 20 apr 2016

Funding: This study has received a grant from PHRC (Protocole Hospitalier en Recherche

Clinique) 2015 (PHRC IR 2015 LE ROY), a national public funding of research.

In accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and French regulations on clinical trials, the

study was presented to an independent ethics committee, the “Comité de Protection des

Personnes Sud Est 6” (reference: AU1228, IRB00008526, Clermont-Ferrand, France). The

approval of the committee was obtained on March 7th

, 2016. The protocol was declared to the

competent French authority (“Agence Nationale de Sécurité du Médicament et des produits de

santé”, Saint Denis, France) and registered under number 2015 A01733-46. Authorisation was

obtained on December, 21st 2015.

A clinical research assistant will be commissioned by the sponsor (University Hospital of

Clermont-Ferrand) in order to monitor the progress of the study in accordance with the

Standard Operating Procedures implemented at the University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand,

in accordance with the Good Clinical Practice and current French laws.

The data set will be the property of the sponsor (CHU Clermont-Ferrand). However, the

principal investigator and the project manager will have full access to the final data set. The

results will be communicated in a peer-reviewed journal, presented at international congresses

and summarized on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Protocol contributor

Bertrand Le Roy

Service de chirurgie et oncologie digestive

1 place Lucie Aubrac

63000 Clermont-Ferrand

Tel: + 33 4 73 75 04 96

Email: [email protected]

Study sponsor:

C.H.U. de Clermont-Ferrand

58 Rue de Montalembert

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63003 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1

Protocol contributors

Pr Christophe Mariette, principal investigator from Lille

Service de Chirurgie Digestive et Générale

Hôpital HURIEZ, CHRU Lille

Place de Verdun, 59037 Lille

Pr Meunier Bernard, principal investigator from Rennes

Service de Chirurgie Digestive et Générale

Hôpital Pontchaillou, CHRU Rennes

Rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35000 Rennes

Pr Jean Yves Mabrut, principal investigator from Lyon

Service de Chirurgie Digestive et Générale

Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Hospice civils de Lyon

Grande rue de la croix rousse, 69317 Lyon

Contributors: BL, CB, FC, RR, BM, JYM, MS, CP, JG, EF, KS, CM and DP led the

conceptualisation, design and implementation of this research protocol with the collaboration

of the FRENCH (Fédération de recherche en chirurgie digestive). BP led the development of

the statistical analysis plan. BL participated in the design of the protocol for interventions and

assessments. All the authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

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ABSTRACT

Introduction: Perioperative chemotherapy is the gold standard treatment of the resectable

gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. However, 70% of patients can’t receive the complete

sequence because of a postoperative complication or a decrease of functional and nutritional

reserves. Recently, a new concept appeared in digestive surgery: the prehabilitation. This

interventional process consists of a patient preparation, between the surgical consultation and

the surgery, and is based on 3 components: 1) physical management 2) nutritional care and 3)

psychological care. Prehabilitation should decrease postoperative complications and improve

nutritional and physical status during the pre- and postoperative period. Therefore, it is

becoming essential to evaluate the effect of prehabilitation, compared to conventional care, on

the percentage of patients reaching the complete oncological treatment.

Methods and analysis: The PREHAB trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy of prehabilitation

compared to conventional care, in patients with gastroesophageal cancer with perioperative

chemotherapy. This trial is a prospective, randomised, controlled, open-blind, and

interventional study, in 4 centers. Patients (n=60 per group) will be randomly assigned for

management with either prehabilitation or conventional care. The primary outcome is the

percentage of patients reaching the complete oncological treatment decided in a

multidisciplinary tumour board. The secondary outcomes are the postoperative morbidity,

disease free survival, overall survival, feasibility of the protocol, length of stay, variation of

the functional reserve after the preoperative chemotherapy (defined by VO2peak, ventilatory

threshold and 6 min walk test), pre- and postoperative nutritional status, preoperative anxiety,

quality of life, 30- and 90 days mortality and cumulative dose of cytotoxic treatment received.

Ethics and dissemination: The study was approved by an independent medical ethics

committee (IRB00008526, CPP Sud-Est VI, Clermont-Ferrand, France) and by the competent

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French authority (ANSM, Saint Denis, France) and registered on Clinicaltrial.gov. The results

will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal.

Trial registration number: NCT02780921; pre-result.

Strengths and limitations of this study: The main strength of this multicentric, prospective

and randomized study is that this concept of prehabilitation has never been done on this high

postoperative morbidity surgery. The main limit is this study includes both oesophageal and

stomach cancer.

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INTRODUCTION

Perioperative chemotherapy is the gold standard treatment of the resectable and advanced

gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. The efficacy of this strategy has been demonstrated in two

randomized studies.1 2

It reduces tumour size before surgery, treats micrometastases and

evaluates chemosensitivity. Disease free and overall survival rates were significantly

improved with perioperative chemotherapy compared to surgery alone. However, the

limitation of these studies is that among all patients requiring chemotherapy, almost 70% of

patients did not receive the complete sequence. This sequence is defined by the administration

of two to four cycles before and two to four cycles after the surgery, according to the

protocol. The major cause of absence or impossibility of realization of postoperative

chemotherapy was the presence of postoperative complication, postoperative serious asthenia

and impaired nutritional and physical status. 1 2

Poor physical condition assessed by

cardiopulmonary exercise testing, reflecting a reduced physiological reserve, is predictive of

postoperative complications. 3 4

Physical training, even during a short period and on a various

population, is beneficial in improving physical condition, cardiopulmonary function and

muscular mass of the patient.5-8

Prehabilitation over a six week period between pre-surgical

clinic appointment and surgery decreases postoperative morbidity and the hospital stay in

cardiovascular surgery, but no study has ever been performed in patients presented with

gastric or oesophageal cancer. 7 9-11

Prehabilitation revolves around three axes: 1) physical training based on initial

cardiopulmonary exercise testing (VO2peak, ventilatory threshold (VT) and 6-min walk test

(6MWT)), 3 times by week, supervised by a physical therapist 2) nutritional care to ensure the

compliance of the nutrition program and adapt the nutritional management based on protein

and energy needs and on the level of spontaneous oral intake and 2) psychological treatment

by a psychologist to reduce preoperative anxiety. To our knowledge, no study ever focused on

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the gastroesophageal cancer. The benefit of prehabilitation in this cancer may be particularly

important because 1) this surgery is associated with a high 90-day morbidity (40%, especially

respiratory) and 90-day mortality (5%) 2) the physical and nutritional status of these patients

is often precarious (cancer cachexia, gastroesophageal obstruction), and 3) the need to

preoperative chemotherapy declines physical reserves and is associated with a lengthening of

the time between pre-surgery clinic appointment and surgery of more than 3 months.12

Also,

we hypothesize, in this parallel, of noninferiority study that with physical training, a

personalized nutritional support and a psychologist global management may decrease

postoperative complications, increase postoperative nutritional status and so, would results in

an increase in the numbers of patients receiving their full cancer treatment. The aim of this

study was to compare the percentage of patients reaching the complete oncological treatment

previously decided in a multidisciplinary tumour board in the group with prehabilitation to

the group with conventional care, in patients with gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS

Study setting

The present study is a prospective, randomised, controlled, open and multicentric, phase III

trial that compares prehabilitation (Prehab group) versus conventional care (control group) in

patients presenting with gastric and low oesophageal adenocarcinoma, treated by

perioperative chemotherapy. Inclusions will be perform in four French tertiary centers (Figure

1).

Study objectives

In the experimental group (Prehab group), the main objective is to demonstrate an

improvement of the percentage of patients reaching the complete oncological treatment fixed

in a multidisciplinary tumour board. The secondary objectives is to evaluate the effect of the

prehabilitation on the postoperative morbidity according Dindo-Clavien classification and the

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Comprehensive Complication Index (CCI), severe morbidity (Clavien >2), disease free

survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), feasibility of the protocol (number of physical sessions

realized on the eighteen proposed), length of stay, variation of the functional reserve after the

chemotherapy (defined by VO2peak, VT and 6MWT), pre- and postoperative nutritional status,

preoperative anxiety, quality of life (EQ-5D survey) at the end of the treatment, 30- and 90

day mortality and cumulative dose of cytotoxic treatment received.13

Inclusion and exclusion criteria

To be included in the study, the participant is scheduled for surgical intervention of gastric or

oesophageal adenocarcinoma and received perioperative chemotherapy, subscribe to the

French national health insurance system and give their written consent. Patients cannot be

included in the study for one of the following criteria: <18 years of age, need for a

radiochemotherapy, treated for another cancer within 5 years, except basal cell skin

carcinoma or carcinoma in situ of the cervix, presenting with cognitive disorders or major

disability making impossible to understand the study and sign the informed consent, or being

breastfeeding or pregnant. Finally, patients already included in another clinical trial, or

estimated by the investigator to not be able to be compliant with the criteria of the study, or

with legal incapacity (person deprived of liberty or subject under guardianship) will not be

enrolled in this study. Guidelines regarding stopping participation are: withdrawal of patient

consent, non-compliance of the patient, adverse event and by decision of the investigator. In

case of withdrawal from the study, the patient will be followed and managed normally in the

digestive surgery department. The exclusion period during which the patient cannot

participate in another clinical trial is 15 days before inclusion and 0 days after the end of the

study.

Interventions

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After the first visit with his surgeon, the patient will be presented at the

multidisciplinary tumour board to validate the inclusion criteria and to schedule the

number of cycles of pre- and postoperative chemotherapy. After this step, a second

consultation with the surgeon will take place to verify all inclusion and exclusion

criteria and perform the randomization. For the two groups, an initial (before

chemotherapy) and final (one week before the surgery) evaluation will be performed.

The evaluation includes an exercise capacity evaluation by 1) an incremental

symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise test on a cycloergometer according to

international recommendations in order to determine VO2peak, and the ventilator

threshold (VT) and, 2) 6 minute walk distance (6MWT) performed according to the

ATS recommendations.14, 15

Moreover, the patients will be assessed for a nutritional

evaluation (albumin), bioelectric impedance analysis, evaluation of physical activity

and ingesta, evaluation of the level of depressive symptoms and anxiety with the

HADS survey and the quality of life (5Q-FD survey).

Study group

“Prehab” group

Exercise intervention: The total-body exercise will consist of up to one hour of supervised

exercise for at least three days per week, for a total of 18 sessions, alternating between aerobic

and resistance training. Exercise intensity will be prescribed based on the target heart rate

obtained at VT during the initial CPET. The participant will exercise in the presence of the

physical therapist who will provide corrective feedback, if necessary.

Nutrition intervention: Initially, a nutritionist will perform a medical examination run

appropriate biological tests to evaluate the nutritional status and to provide individualized care

to each patient. Individual protein requirements will be calculated as 1.2g of protein per

kilogram of body weight (adjusted body weight was used for obese patients), as per European

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Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) guidelines regarding surgical

patients.16

Patients will be asked to consume the protein supplement within one hour of their

exercise regimen to capitalize on postexercise muscle protein synthesis.17

Then, a dietician

will assess the compliance of the nutritional support at each cycle of chemotherapy and will

adjust it, if necessary. After the preoperative chemotherapy, a second evaluation by a

nutritionist will be performed.

Psychologist intervention: Patients will receive up to a one hour visit with a trained

psychologist who will provide techniques aiming to reducing anxiety, such as relaxation

exercises based on imagery and visualization, together with breathing exercises. Each patient

will practice these exercises with the psychologist initially and at each cycle of chemotherapy

and at home two to three times per week. Once performed, the exercices at home will be

marked on diaries. The psychologist also provides suggestions on how to enhance and

reinforce patients’ motivation to comply with the exercise and nutritional aspects of the

intervention.

Control group:

The control group will be treated according to conventional care; will not receive any specific

intervention before surgery except nutritional support and physiotherapy at the surgeon’s

discretion.

Study outcomes

The primary outcome is, in patients presenting with gastric or oesophageal adenocarcinoma,

the percentage of patients in each group, receiving the full perioperative oncological

treatment, previously defined by a multidisciplinary tumour board. If a patient does not

complete a chemotherapy course (=event), he will be considered as a subject who did not

receive the full protocol (chemotherapy-surgery-chemotherapy). However, a decrease in dose

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of chemotherapy or a stop of a component of chemotherapy will not be considered as an

event.

The secondary outcomes are: postoperative morbidity at 3 months according Dindo-Clavien

classification and Comprehensive Complication Index (CCI); severe morbidity at 3 months

(Clavien >2); disease free survival (DFS), survival defined by the time, in months, before

recurrence at 3- and 5-years after the end of the postoperative chemotherapy; overall survival

(OS), defined by the time, in months, of the overall survival at 3- and 5; feasibility of the

protocol defined by the percentage of physical sessions realized on the eighteen proposed in

the preoperative period; length (in days) of postoperative stay; difference between the initial

(before preoperative chemotherapy) and final (after preoperative chemotherapy) VO2 at the

VT (ml.min-1

.kg-1

); difference between the initial and final value of VO2peak (ml.min-1

.kg-1

.);

difference between the initial and final 6MWT (meters); difference between the initial and

final weight (Kg); difference between the initial and final albuminemia (g/l); difference

between the initial and final evaluation on the score of HADS survey (Hospital anxiety and

depression scale) to assess the anxiety and depression from a survey with 14 questions;

difference of the score between the initial evaluation and at 3-months after the surgery of the

quality of life defined by the EQ-5D survey; 30- and 90 days mortality.

Methodology and study design

The trial will be performed in four centres. Patients will be recruited, treated and followed-up

at the digestive surgery department of the University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand (France),

Lille (France), Lyon (France) and Rennes (France). After the multidisciplinary tumour board

will check all the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the PREHAB trial will be proposed by

surgeons to patients with gastric or oesophageal adenocarcinoma and concomitant

perioperative chemotherapy. Patients will be informed of the trial protocol and, on

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acceptance, will be randomised in the “Prehab” group or the control group. Randomisation

will be carried out using a dedicated centralised telephone system and accessible round the

clock. The randomisation sequence will be generated by a biostatistician using random blocks

and stratification as a function of the centers and type of cancer (œsophagus or stomach). The

trial will be open blinded because of the procedures employed and with an objective primary

endpoint. The patient will be informed of the randomisation arm throughout the trial.

Statistical considerations

Estimation sample size

According to previous works, we estimated the percentage of patients in each group, realizing

the full perioperative oncological treatment around 30%.1,2

A sample size of n=56 patients by

randomized group would provide 90% statistical power to detect an absolute difference of

30% (30% vs. 60%) for a two-sided α level of 0.05. Finally, a total of 60 patients by group

will be considered. An interim analysis is planned after enrolment of the first 60 patients

using the Lan and DeMets, O’Brien-Fleming method (East software, Cytel Inc, Cambridge,

Massachusetts, USA). The type I error is fixed at 0.003 for this interim analysis. The time

schedule of enrolment has been estimated at 18 months.

Statistical analysis

Statistical analysis will be conducted on intention to treat (ITT) using Stata software, V.13

(StataCorp, College Station, Texas, USA). A two-sided p value of less than 0.05 will be

considered to indicate statistical significance (except interim analysis). Baseline

characteristics will be presented for each randomized group as the mean ± SD or the median

[interquartile range] according to the statistical distribution for continuous data, and as the

number of patients and associated percentages for categorical parameters.

Comparisons between independent groups will be analysed using the χ2 or Fisher's exact test

for categorical variables (notably unplanned readmission and primary outcome: percentage of

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patients realizing the full perioperative oncological treatment) and Student t-test or Mann-

Whitney's test for quantitative parameters (notably weight loss, BMI body mass index,

albumin, body impedance, length of stay, VO2peak, VT, 6MWT, depressive and anxious

symptoms evaluated using HADS, quality of Life according EQ-5D). The normality will be

studied by the Shapiro-Wilk test and the homoscedasticity using the Fisher-Snedecor test. The

analysis of the primary outcome will be complemented by multivariate analysis using

generalized linear mixed model (logistic for dichotomous dependent variable) to take into

account (1) fixed effects covariates retained according to univariate analysis results and

clinical relevance, and (2) random-effects (between and within centre and surgeon

variabilities). Censored data such as overall survival or event-free survival will be estimated

using Kaplan-Meier method and compared (i) by log-rank test in univariate situation and (ii)

using Cox proportional hazard model in the multivariate context. Regarding the analysis of

repeated measures, random-effect models (linear or generalised linear) will be considered to

study the fixed effects group, time-points evaluation and interaction ‘group x time’, taking

into account between and within subject variability.

In prehab group, a dose-response study will be proposed to assess (i) the impact of the

number of prehabilitation sessions really realized and (ii) the compliance prehabilitation care

(dietary and nutritional management). A particular focus will be done on lost to follow-up. A

study with the abandonment considered as a censored data will be proposed using Kaplan-

Meier estimation. If the frequency of missing data is greater than 5%, we will perform

additional analyses using imputation methods.

ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION

Approval

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In accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and French regulations on clinical trials, the

study was presented to an independent ethics committee, the “Comité de Protection des

Personnes Sud Est 6” (reference: AU1228, IRB00008526, Clermont-Ferrand, France). The

approval of the committee was obtained on March 7th

, 2016. The protocol was declared to the

competent French authority (“Agence Nationale de Sécurité du Médicament et des produits de

santé”, Saint Denis, France) and registered under number 2015 A01733-46. Authorisation was

obtained on December, 21st 2015. Any substantial change in the protocol or in the informed

consent form will be presented to both authorities as well as first inclusion and end of study.

Data monitoring will be performed per French regulations requirements. As required by the

IRB, a safety committee has been set up. The study is currently registered on the clinical trials

website under the following number: NCT02780921. The current protocol version is the firth,

since April 20th

, 2016.

Patient informed consent

According to international regulations on clinical trials, written informed consent will be

obtained from patients prior to their participation in the study (Appendices 1 and 2). Patients

will voluntarily confirm their understanding and willingness to participate in the study after

having been informed (in writing and verbally) by oncologists on all the aspects of the study.

They also will be informed about requirements regarding data protection and direct access to

their individual data. The patients will be informed that they are free to withdraw from the

study at any time at their own discretion, without necessarily giving reasons.

Data collection and quality management

Experienced and trained study coordinators will be dedicated to data acquisition, coding,

security and storage, under the responsibility of investigators. Each study data will be

anonymised. Data will be collected and managed using REDCap electronic data capture tools

hosted at the University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand.18

Research Electronic Data Capture

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(REDCap) is a secure, web-based application designed to support data capture for research

studies, providing: 1) an intuitive interface for validated data entry; 2) audit trails for tracking

data handling and export procedures; 3) automated export procedures for seamless data

downloads to common statistical packages; and 4) procedures for importing data from

external sources. A clinical research assistant will be commissioned by the sponsor

(University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand) in order to monitor the progress of the study in

accordance with the Standard Operating Procedures implemented at the University Hospital

of Clermont-Ferrand, in accordance with the Good Clinical Practice and current French laws.

Access to data and dissemination of results

The data set will be the property of the sponsor (CHU Clermont-Ferrand). However, the

principal investigator and the project manager will have full access to the final data set. The

results will be communicated in a peer-reviewed journal, presented at international congresses

and summarized on ClinicalTrials.gov.

DISCUSSION

The perioperative chemotherapy became the gold standard treatment in advanced gastric and

low œsophageal adenocarcinoma, with an improvement of DFS and OS.1 2

However, the

limitation of these studies is that, among all patients requiring chemotherapy, 70% of patients

will not receive the complete treatment sequence. In these studies, only patients in good

nutritional and physical status without postoperative complications can receive postoperative

treatment. 1 2

A meta-analysis reported that prehabilitation improved postoperative morbidity,

length of stay, nutritional and physical status.7 The PREHAB study presented here should

demonstrate if the prehabilitation increases the percentage of patients reaching the complete

oncological treatment defined in a multidisciplinary tumour board, to increase DFS and OS.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Cunningham D, Allum WH, Stenning SP, Thompson JN, Van de Velde CJH, Nicolson

M, et al. Perioperative chemotherapy versus surgery alone for resectable gastroesophageal

cancer. N Engl J Med. 2006 Jul 6;355(1):11–20.

2. Ychou M, Boige V, Pignon J-P, Conroy T, Bouché O, Lebreton G, et al. Perioperative

chemotherapy compared with surgery alone for resectable gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma:

an FNCLCC and FFCD multicenter phase III trial. J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol.

2011 May 1;29(13):1715–21.

3. Hennis PJ, Meale PM, Grocott MPW. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing for the

evaluation of perioperative risk in non-cardiopulmonary surgery. Postgrad Med J. 2011

Aug;87(1030):550–7.

4. Carlisle J, Swart M. Mid-term survival after abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery

predicted by cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Br J Surg. 2007 Aug;94(8):966–9.

5. Fong DYT, Ho JWC, Hui BPH, Lee AM, Macfarlane DJ, Leung SSK, et al. Physical

activity for cancer survivors: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ.

2012;344:e70.

6. Kemi OJ, Wisloff U. High-intensity aerobic exercise training improves the heart in

health and disease. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2010 Feb;30(1):2–11.

7. Valkenet K, van de Port IGL, Dronkers JJ, de Vries WR, Lindeman E, Backx FJG.

The effects of preoperative exercise therapy on postoperative outcome: a systematic review.

Clin Rehabil. 2011 Feb;25(2):99–111.

8. Jaggers JR, Simpson CD, Frost KL, Quesada PM, Topp RV, Swank AM, et al.

Prehabilitation before knee arthroplasty increases postsurgical function: a case study. J

Strength Cond Res Natl Strength Cond Assoc. 2007 May;21(2):632–4.

9. Van Adrichem EJ, Meulenbroek RL, Plukker JTM, Groen H, van Weert E.

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Comparison of two preoperative inspiratory muscle training programs to prevent pulmonary

complications in patients undergoing esophagectomy: a randomized controlled pilot study.

Ann Surg Oncol. 2014 Jul;21(7):2353–60.

10. Bruns ER, van den Heuvel B, Buskens CJ, van Duijvendijk P, Festen S, Wassenaar

EB, et al. The effects of physical prehabilitation in elderly patients undergoing colorectal

surgery: a systematic review. Colorectal Dis. 2016 Aug;18(8):267-277.

11. Moran J, Guinan E, McCormick P, Larkin J, Mockler D, Hussey J, et al. The ability of

prehabilitation to influence postoperative outcome after intra-abdominal operation: A

systematic review and meta-analysis. Surgery. 2016 Jul 7; pii: S0039-6060(16)30152-0.

12. West J, Wood H, Logan RFA, Quinn M, Aithal GP. Trends in the incidence of

primary liver and biliary tract cancers in England and Wales 1971-2001. Br J Cancer. 2006

Jun 5;94(11):1751–8.

13. Dindo D, Demartines N, Clavien P-A. Classification of surgical complications: a new

proposal with evaluation in a cohort of 6336 patients and results of a survey. Ann Surg. 2004

Aug;240(2):205–13.

14. American Thoracic Society; American College of Chest Physicians. ATS/ACCP

Statement on cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003

Jan;167(2):211-77.

15. ATS Committee on Proficiency Standards for Clinical Pulmonary Function

Laboratories. ATS statement: guidelines for the six-minute walk test. Am J Respir

Crit Care Med. 2002 Jul;166(1):111-7.

16. Weimann A, Braga M, Harsanyi L, Laviano A, Ljungqvist O, Soeters P, et al. ESPEN

Guidelines on Enteral Nutrition: Surgery including organ transplantation. Clin Nutr Edinb

Scotl. 2006 Apr;25(2):224–44.

17. Campbell WW, Leidy HJ. Dietary protein and resistance training effects on muscle

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and body composition in older persons. J Am Coll Nutr. 2007 Dec;26(6):696S–703S.

18. Harris PA, Taylor R, Thielke R, Payne J, Gonzalez N, Conde JG. Research electronic

data capture (REDCap)--a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing

translational research informatics support. J Biomed Inform. 2009 Apr;42(2):377–81.

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Contributors: BL, CB, FC, RR, BM, JYM, MS, CP, JG, EF, KS, CM and DP led the

conceptualisation, design and implementation of this research protocol with the collaboration

of the FRENCH (Fédération de recherche en chirurgie digestive). BP led the development of

the statistical analysis plan. BL participated in the design of the protocol for interventions and

assessments. All the authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

Funding: This study has received a grant from PHRC (Protocole Hospitalier en Recherche

Clinique) 2015 (PHRC IR 2015 LE ROY).

Ethics approval IRB00008526 and ANSM (2015-A01733-46).

Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

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Figure:

1. CONSORT diagram: Flow chart

Appendices:

1. Informed form

2. Consent form

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Consort diagram: Flow chart

Figure 1

254x190mm (72 x 72 DPI)

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Appendice  1  

FORMULAIRE  D’INFORMATION          Etude  pilote,  randomisée,  multicentrique  sur  l’effet  de  la  préhabilitation  dans  le  cancer  de  l’estomac  et  de  

l’œsophage    Promoteur de l’essai :

CHU de Clermont Ferrand, 58 rue Montalembert, 63003 Clermont Ferrand Cedex 1, France Code promoteur : PHRC IR 2015 LE ROY

Investigateur coordonnateur :

Docteur Bertrand Le Roy Service de chirurgie digestive et hépato-biliaire 1 Place Lucie Aubrac 63003 Clermont-Ferrand

   Madame, Monsieur, il vous est proposé de participer à un protocole de recherche clinique, dont le but

est de montrer qu’on peut améliorer votre récupération post opératoire et optimiser la poursuite de votre traitement de chimiothérapie en vous préparant physiquement, psychologiquement et le plan nutritionnel avant l’intervention. Cette prise en charge est appelée « préhabilitation » et va vous être expliquée ci-après plus en détails.

Cependant avant de décider de prendre part à cette étude biomédicale, il est important que vous preniez

le temps de lire et de comprendre les informations suivantes concernant le déroulement de ce protocole. Cette note d’information décrit l’objectif, les procédures, les bénéfices et les risques de l’étude. Elle explique entre autre votre droit à vous retirer de l’étude à tout moment sans avoir à vous justifier. S’il y a quoi que ce soit dans ce document que vous ne comprenez pas, veuillez demander à votre médecin ("investigateur") ou au personnel de l’étude de vous l’expliquer. Prenez votre temps pour décider si vous souhaitez ou non participer à cette étude ; parlez-en avec vos amis ou vos proches. Si vous choisissez de participer, il vous sera demandé de signer un document intitulé « Formulaire de consentement » et ce en 2 exemplaires, dont un vous sera remis. Si vous refusez de prendre part à l’étude, ceci n’aura aucune conséquence sur votre prise en charge médicale.

Pour pouvoir participer à cette étude vous devez être couvert par un régime de Sécurité Sociale. Rationnel de l’étude

Vous allez être opéré de votre cancer œsogastrique dans le service de chirurgie de votre CHU. Comme toute intervention chirurgicale, elle comporte des risques propres à chaque type d’intervention. Ces risques peuvent induire une augmentation de votre durée d’hospitalisation, une diminution plus ou moins longue de votre qualité de vie voire une impossibilité à poursuivre votre traitement de chimiothérapie. Récemment des chirurgiens ont montré qu’une préparation durant 6 semaines avant l’opération, pouvait améliorer les résultats post-opératoires sur la morbidité globale, le statut nutritionnel, le retour plus rapide aux activités quotidiennes permettant, en autre, de réaliser tout le protocole de chimiothérapie prévu initialement. Cette prise en charge est appelée « préhabilitation ». Elle repose sur 3 volets.

- une prise en charge physique qui consiste à réaliser des exercices cardiovasculaires 3 fois par semaine sous surveillance médicale dans le service de médecine du sport et de réadaptation de votre l’hôpital Paraphe du patient

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- une prise en charge nutritionnelle qui consiste à établir avec un médecin nutritionniste et un diététicien, un programme alimentaire pouvant conduite à une supplémentation nutritionnelle si nécessaire

- une prise en charge psychologique avec le soutien d’un psychologue qui vous recommandera, en

autre, des tests de relaxation à réaliser à la maison. Ce protocole a déjà montré son intérêt dans le domaine de la chirurgie cardio vasculaire ou du cancer colorectal. Aussi, nous souhaiterions en faire de même pour la chirurgie du cancer œsogastrique d’où l’étude à laquelle nous vous proposons de participer.

Déroulement de l’étude : Après information par votre chirurgien et après lecture de cette note, si vous acceptez de rentrer dans l’étude, un bilan pré-opératoire standard pour votre pathologie pourra être réalisé si nécessaire. De même vous pourrez être amené à voir ou revoir un anesthésiste à la demande du chirurgien. Nous vous demanderons également de bien vouloir compléter, répondre à quelques questionnaires évaluant votre qualité de vie, vos habitudes alimentaires, vos activités quotidiennes... Après ces évaluations et si vous répondez toujours aux critères du protocole, un tirage au sort sera réalisé afin de déterminer dans quel groupe vous allez entrer durant vos séances de chimiothérapie pré opératoire 1) groupe contrôle : préparation standard selon les référentiels actuels, 2) groupe préhabilitation. Paraphe du patient

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Paraphe du patient

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La préparation standard consistera : a) à bénéficier de séance de kinésithérapie respiratoire si nécessaire, b) à prendre des compléments alimentaires si nécessaire soit par voie orale, soit à l’aide de sonde naso-

gastrique (sonde qui passe par les narines pour aller directement dans le tube digestif) soit par injection. c) à évaluer votre anxiété à l’aide de questionnaires

La "préhabilitation" consistera :

a) à réaliser des exercices physiques à raison de 1h, 3 fois par semaine durant 6 semaines dans le service de médecine du sport de votre Hôpital et ce, sous la surveillance médicale d’un kinésithérapeute. Ces activités seront adaptées à vos propres capacités et selon vos résultats aux examens cardio respiratoires réalisés au préalable avant tout traitement. Ils débuteront 2 mois avant votre chirurgie.

Les exercices réalisés seront de 2 types : * des exercices d’endurance dont le but sont d’améliorer votre résistance cardio vasculaire en

réalisant du vélo et/ou de la marche, * des exercices de renforcement musculaires (bras, épaules, poitrine, abdomen, dos hanches et

jambe) à l’aide de matériel type haltères, élastiques …...

Tous ces exercices seront actualisés au cours du temps en fonction de vos progrès, performances. b) à suivre un programme nutritionnel élaboré avec un nutritionniste 2 mois avant votre chirurgie. Ce

dernier sera établi en fonction de vos besoins, de vos habitudes alimentaires et pourra être adapté, modifié en cours du programme avec l’aide du diététicien qui vous rencontrera régulièrement lors de vos

venues à l’hôpital pour vos séances de chimiothérapie. Vous reverrez également le nutritionniste à la fin de vos 6 semaines de préhabilitation.

c) à vous rendre à des consultations de psychologies pour apprendre à gérer, contrôler votre anxiété, à

mieux appréhender votre traitement de chimiothérapie et les effets secondaires associés. Pour cela il vous sera demandé d’assister à 3 consultations d’1h avec un psychologue qui vous apprendra des exercices de relaxations à réaliser ensuite à votre domicile. Ces consultations auront lieu au cours des 2 mois précédents votre chirurgie

A la fin de vos séances de chimiothérapie, vous bénéficierez à nouveaux de bilans (et ce, peu importe dans quel groupe vous êtes inclus) afin de faire le point sur :

1) votre résistance cardiorespiratoire 2) votre état nutritionnel, 3) votre niveau d’anxiété

De même il vous sera demandé de répondre à des questionnaires Ensuite, un suivi médical 1 mois puis à la fin de votre traitement de chimiothérapie adjuvante sera

réalisé par le biais d’une consultation afin d’évaluer les suites opératoires, votre qualité de vie, votre autonomie. Le déroulement de chaque consultation comprendra un examen médical clinique, des questionnaires spécifiques à l’étude à compléter.

Paraphe du patient

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Bénéfices et risques de l’étude

Les bénéfices potentiels pour vous de participer à cette étude pourraient être une meilleure récupération post opératoire, une durée d’hospitalisation plus courte et surtout un retour plus rapide à vos activités du quotidien, et peut être une meilleur tolérance de la chimiothérapie.

Ce projet ne devrait pas engendrer de risque supplémentaire pour vous si ce n’est peut être un surplus de

fatigue liée aux exercices, examens et consultations supplémentaires requis par l’essai, voire des contraintes supplémentaires comme disponibilités, déplacements, suivi alimentaire .

Modalité de recrutement

Ce protocole sera proposé à 120 patients répondant aux critères d’inclusion et d’exclusion. Ces 120 patients seront inclus après signature du consentement éclairé. Traitements administrés dans le cadre de cette étude

Aucun traitement supplémentaire autre que ceux utilisés en routine pour votre prise en charge thérapeutique ne sera nécessaire à la conduite de cette étude. Evaluations réalisées

Nous essayerons au mieux de concilier les examens, consultations spécifiques au protocole avec vos venues au CHU dans le cadre de votre traitement de chimiothérapie. Si des visites supplémentaires s’avéraient nécessaires pour des questions de disponibilités, d’organisation de services sachez que cela n’induire aucun frais supplémentaire pour vous.

De même lors de votre prise en charge, suivi, il vous sera remis des questionnaires permettant d’évaluer

votre qualité de vie, votre niveau d’anxiété ou encore votre statut physique et nutritionnel. Ces questionnaires devront être remplis sur place et prendront au maximum une vingtaine de minutes.

Durée totale de votre participation à ce protocole

La durée totale de votre participation à cette étude sera de 6 mois. Indemnisation

Il n’y aura aucune indemnisation dans le cadre de cette étude.

Période d’exclusion La période d’exclusion définie dans le cadre de cette étude est de 15 jours avant votre inclusion jusqu’à

votre sortie d’étude, période pendant laquelle vous ne pourrez pas participer à un autre protocole de recherche clinique. Paraphe du patient

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Conservation de matériel biologique Cette étude ne fera l’objet d’aucune conservation de matériel biologique

Protection des patients et confidentialité Cette recherche a reçu l’avis favorable du Comité de Protection des Personnes sud est VI le

…………………………… ainsi que l’autorisation préalable de l’autorité compétente de santé datée du ………………………... Il est possible que cette recherche soit interrompue, si les circonstances le nécessitent, par le promoteur ou à la demande de l’autorité de santé.

Votre participation à cette recherche biomédicale n'engendrera pour vous aucun frais supplémentaire par rapport à ceux que vous auriez dans le cadre de la prise en charge standard de votre maladie.

Toutefois, pour pouvoir participer à cette recherche vous devez être affilié(e) ou bénéficier d’un régime de sécurité sociale.

Le CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, qui organise cette recherche biomédicale en qualité de promoteur, a contracté une assurance conformément aux dispositions législatives, garantissant sa responsabilité civile et celle de tout intervenant auprès de la Société Hospitalière d’Assurances Mutuelles (SHAM, contrat n° 147161). Dans le cas où votre état de santé serait altéré du fait de votre participation à l’étude, conformément à la loi de Santé Publique n°2004-806 du 9 août 2004, vous seriez en droit de recevoir des dédommagements dans le cadre de ce contrat d’assurance spécifique.

Dans le cadre de la recherche biomédicale à laquelle le CHU de Clermont-Ferrand (établissement

promoteur) vous propose de participer, un traitement informatique de vos données personnelles va être mis en œuvre pour permettre d’analyser les résultats de la recherche au regard de l’objectif de cette dernière qui vous a été présenté. A cette fin, les données médicales vous concernant et les données relatives à vos habitudes de vie, seront transmises au Promoteur de la recherche ou aux personnes ou sociétés agissant pour son compte, en France ou à l’étranger. Ces données seront identifiées par un numéro de code et par vos initiales. Ces données pourront également, dans des conditions assurant leur confidentialité, être transmises aux autorités de santé françaises, à d’autres entités du CHU de Clermont Ferrand (établissement promoteur).

Conformément aux dispositions de loi relative à l’informatique aux fichiers et aux libertés, vous disposez

d’un droit d’accès et de rectification. Vous disposez également d’un droit d’opposition à la transmission des données couvertes par le secret professionnel susceptibles d’être utilisées dans le cadre de cette recherche et d’être traitées.

Vous pouvez également accéder directement ou par l’intermédiaire d’un médecin de votre choix à l’ensemble de vos données médicales en application des dispositions de l’article L. 1111-7 du code de la santé publique. Ces droits s’exercent auprès du médecin qui vous suit dans le cadre de la recherche et qui connaît votre identité.

Par ailleurs, vous pourrez être tenu informé des résultats globaux de cette recherche à la fin de l’étude. Vous êtes libre d'accepter ou de refuser de participer à cette recherche. De plus vous pouvez exercer à tout

moment votre droit de retrait de cette recherche sans avoir à vous justifier. Le fait de ne plus participer à cette recherche ne modifiera pas la qualité des soins qui vous sont prodigués. Vous pouvez demander à tout moment des explications complémentaires sur l’étude à l’équipe soignante.

Lorsque vous aurez lu cette note d’information et obtenu les réponses aux questions que vous vous posez en interrogeant le médecin investigateur, il vous sera proposé, si vous en êtes d’accord,

Paraphe du patient

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de donner votre consentement écrit en signant le document préparé à cet effet en accord avec le code de la santé publique visant à protéger les personnes se soumettant à une étude biomédicale. Votre consentement écrit n’enlève en aucun cas la responsabilité des médecins qui vous soignent A qui devez-vous vous adresser en cas de questions ou de problèmes ?

En cas de problèmes, d’événements indésirables en cours d’essai ou de questions, vous pouvez vous adresser aux personnes suivantes :

Vos contacts dans l’étude

Bertrand Le Roy (Coordonnateur) Service de Chirurgie Digestive Hôpital Estaing CHU de Clermont-Ferrand 1 place Lucie et Raymond Aubrac 63003 Clermont-Ferrand cedex 1 Tel: 04 73 75 04 94 Fax : 04 73 75 19 22 [email protected]

Brigitte Gillet (Ingénieur Hospitalier, Attaché de recherche clinique) Service de Chirurgie Digestive Unité d'Oncologie Digestive Hôpital Estaing CHU de Clermont-Ferrand 1 place Lucie et Raymond Aubrac 63003 Clermont-Ferrand cedex 1Tel: 04 73 75 52 26 Fax : 04 73 75 19 22 [email protected]

Paraphe du patient sur toutes les pages

Date : ……/……/…… Signature du patient Paraphe de l’investigateur (Précédée de la mention « Lu et compris »)

 

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Appendice  2    

FORMULAIRE DE CONSENTEMENT DE PARTICIPATION A UNE RECHERCHE BIOMEDICALE

Etude pilote, randomisée, multicentrique sur l’effet de la préhabilitation dans le cancer de l’œsophage et de l’estomac

Promoteur de l’essai :

CHU de Clermont Ferrand, 58 rue Montalembert, 63003 Clermont Ferrand Cedex 1, France Code promoteur : PHRC IR 2015 LE ROY

Investigateur coordonnateur :

Docteur Bertrand Le Roy Service de chirurgie digestive et hépato-biliaire 1 Place Lucie Aubrac 63003 Clermont-Ferrand

   

   Je soussigné(e) Mme, Mlle, M. (rayer les mentions inutiles) (nom, prénom)…………………………………………… Né(e) le ………………….…………………... Déclare : - que le Docteur (nom, prénom, téléphone) ……………………………………………..…………….. m’a proposé

de participer à l’étude sus nommée, - qu’il m’a expliqué en détail le protocole, - qu’il m’a notamment fait connaître :

• l’objectif, la méthode et la durée de l’étude • les contraintes et les risques potentiels encourus • mon droit de refuser de participer et en cas de désaccord de retirer mon consentement à tout moment • mon obligation d’inscription à un régime de sécurité sociale • que, si je le souhaite, à son terme, je serais informé(e) par le médecin investigateur de ses résultats globaux • que je ne serais pas autorisé(e) à participer à d’autres études cliniques durant toute ma participation à ce

protocole estimée à 6 mois maximum. • que le Comité de Protection des Personnes Sud Est VI a émis un avis favorable en date du

xx/xx/xxxx(Préciser le nom de CPP sollicité et la date d’obtention de l’avis favorable) • que l’ANSM (Agence Nationale de Sécurité du Médicament et des produits de santé) a délivré une

autorisation pour cette étude • que dans le cadre de cette étude le promoteur, le CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, a souscrit à une assurance

couvrant cette recherche (contrat SHAM 147161). - que j’ai répondu en toute bonne foi aux questions concernant mon état de santé et ma participation à d’autres

études. Les informations relatives à l’étude recueillies par l’investigateur sont traitées confidentiellement. J’accepte que les données enregistrées à l’occasion de cette recherche puissent faire l’objet d’un traitement informatisé anonyme. J’ai bien noté que le droit d’accès prévu par la loi du 6 août 2004 relative à l’informatique, aux fichiers et aux libertés s’exerce à tout moment auprès du médecin qui me suit dans le cadre de la recherche et qui connaît mon identité. Je pourrai exercer mon droit de rectification et d’opposition auprès de ce même médecin, qui contactera le promoteur de la recherche

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Après avoir discuté librement et obtenu réponse à toutes mes questions, j’accepte librement et volontairement de participer à cette recherche biomédicale dans les conditions précisées dans le formulaire d’information et de consentement. Nom et prénom du patient : …………………………………………………… Date :……./……./……. Signature Précédée de la mention « Lu et compris » :

Nom de l’investigateur : …………………………………………………… Date :……./……./……. Signature :

Ce document est à réaliser en 2 exemplaires originaux, dont le premier doit être gardé 15 ans par l’investigateur,

un autre remis à la personne donnant son consentement.      

 

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Spirit

Administrative information

Title

1

Descriptive title identifying the study design, population, interventions, and, if applicable, trial acronym

Trial registration=> Page 3

2a

Trial identifier and registry name. If not yet registered, name of intended registry

=> Page 3

2b

All items from the World Health Organization Trial Registration Data Set

Protocol version

=> Page 3

3

Date and version identifier

Funding

=> Page 3

4

Sources and types of financial, material, and other support

Roles and responsibilities

=> Page 3-4

5a

Names, affiliations, and roles of protocol contributors

=> Page 4

5b

Name and contact information for the trial sponsor

=> Page 3-4

5c

Role of study sponsor and funders, if any, in study design; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation

of data; writing of the report; and the decision to submit the report for publication, including whether they will

have ultimate authority over any of these activities

=> Page 3

5d

Composition, roles, and responsibilities of the coordinating centre, steering committee, endpoint adjudication

committee, data management team, and other individuals or groups overseeing the trial, if applicable (see

Item 21a for data monitoring committee)

=> Page 3

Introduction

Background and rationale

6a

Description of research question and justification for undertaking the trial, including summary of relevant

studies (published and unpublished) examining benefits and harms for each intervention

=> Page 7

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6b

Explanation for choice of comparators

=> Page 8

Objectives

7

Specific objectives or hypotheses

Trial design

=> Page 8

8

Description of trial design including type of trial (eg, parallel group, crossover, factorial, single group), allocation

ratio, and framework (eg, superiority, equivalence, noninferiority, exploratory)

=> Page 8

Methods: Participants, interventions, and outcomes

Study setting

9

Description of study settings (eg, community clinic, academic hospital) and list of countries where data will be

collected. Reference to where list of study sites can be obtained Eligibility criteria

=> Page 8

10 Inclusion and exclusion criteria for participants. If applicable, eligibility criteria for study centres and

individuals who will perform the interventions (eg, surgeons, psychotherapists) Interventions

=> Page 9

11a Interventions for each group with sufficient detail to allow replication, including how and when they will be

administered

=> Page 10

11b Criteria for discontinuing or modifying allocated interventions for a given trial participant (eg, drug dose

change in response to harms, participant request, or improving/worsening disease)

=> Page 11-12

11c Strategies to improve adherence to intervention protocols, and any procedures for monitoring adherence

(eg, drug tablet return, laboratory tests)

=> Page 11-12

11d Relevant concomitant care and interventions that are permitted or prohibited during the trial Outcomes

=> Page 11-12

12 Primary, secondary, and other outcomes, including the specific measurement variable (eg, systolic blood

pressure), analysis metric (eg, change from baseline, final value, time to event), method of aggregation (eg,

median, proportion), and time point for each outcome. Explanation of the clinical relevance of chosen efficacy

and harm outcomes is strongly recommended Participant timeline

=> Page 11-12

13 Time schedule of enrolment, interventions (including any run-ins and washouts), assessments, and visits for

participants. A schematic diagram is highly recommended (see Figure) Sample size

=> Page 13-14

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14 Estimated number of participants needed to achieve study objectives and how it was determined, including

clinical and statistical assumptions supporting any sample size calculations Recruitment

=> Page 13-14

15 Strategies for achieving adequate participant enrolment to reach target sample size

=> Page 14

Methods: Assignment of interventions (for controlled trials) Allocation: Sequence generation

16a Method of generating the allocation sequence (eg, computer-generated random numbers), and list of any

factors for stratification. To reduce predictability of a random sequence, details of any planned restriction (eg,

blocking) should be provided in a separate document that is unavailable to those who enrol participants or

assign interventions

=> Page 14

Allocation concealment mechanism

16b Mechanism of implementing the allocation sequence (eg, central telephone; sequentially numbered,

opaque, sealed envelopes), describing any steps to conceal the sequence until interventions are assigned

Implementation

=> Page 14

16c Who will generate the allocation sequence, who will enrol participants, and who will assign participants to

interventions Blinding (masking)

=> Page 14

17a Who will be blinded after assignment to interventions (eg, trial participants, care providers, outcome

assessors, data analysts), and how

=> Page 14

17b If blinded, circumstances under which unblinding is permissible, and procedure for revealing a participant’s

allocated intervention during the trial Methods: Data collection, management, and analysis Data collection

methods

=> NA

18a Plans for assessment and collection of outcome, baseline, and other trial data, including any related

processes to promote data quality (eg, duplicate measurements, training of assessors) and a description of

study instruments (eg, questionnaires, laboratory tests) along with their reliability and validity, if known.

Reference to where data collection forms can be found, if not in the protocol

=> Page 14

18b Plans to promote participant retention and complete follow-up, including list of any outcome data to be

collected for participants who discontinue or deviate from intervention protocols Data management

=> Page 14

19 Plans for data entry, coding, security, and storage, including any related processes to promote data quality

(eg, double data entry; range checks for data values). Reference to where details of data management

procedures can be found, if not in the protocol Statistical methods

=> Page 14

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20a Statistical methods for analysing primary and secondary outcomes. Reference to where other details of the

statistical analysis plan can be found, if not in the protocol

=> Page 14

20b Methods for any additional analyses (eg, subgroup and adjusted analyses)

=> Page 14

20c Definition of analysis population relating to protocol non-adherence (eg, as randomised analysis), and any

statistical methods to handle missing data (eg, multiple imputation)

=> Page 14

Methods:

Monitoring Data monitoring

21a Composition of data monitoring committee (DMC); summary of its role and reporting structure; statement

of whether it is independent from the sponsor and competing interests; and reference to where further details

about its charter can be found, if not in the protocol. Alternatively, an explanation of why a DMC is not needed

=> Page 16

21b Description of any interim analyses and stopping guidelines, including who will have access to these

interim results and make the final decision to terminate the trial Harms

=> Page 13

22 Plans for collecting, assessing, reporting, and managing solicited and spontaneously reported adverse

events and other unintended effects of trial interventions or trial conduct Auditing

=> Page 13

23 Frequency and procedures for auditing trial conduct, if any, and whether the process will be independent

from investigators and the sponsor

=> Page 13

Ethics and dissemination

Research ethics approval

24

Plans for seeking research ethics committee/institutional review board (REC/IRB) approval

Protocol amendments

=> Page 14-15

25

Plans for communicating important protocol modifications (eg, changes to eligibility criteria, outcomes,

analyses) to relevant parties (eg, investigators, REC/IRBs, trial participants, trial registries, journals, regulators)

=> Page 14-15

Consent or assent

26a

Who will obtain informed consent or assent from potential trial participants or authorised surrogates, and how

(see Item 32)

=> Page 15

26b

Additional consent provisions for collection and use of participant data and biological specimens in ancillary

studies, if applicable

Confidentiality

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=> Page 15

27

How personal information about potential and enrolled participants will be collected, shared, and maintained

in order to protect confidentiality before, during, and after the trial

Declaration of interests

28

Financial and other competing interests for principal investigators for the overall trial and each study site

Access to data

29 Statement of who will have access to the final trial dataset, and disclosure of contractual agreements that

limit such access for investigators Ancillary and post-trial care

30 Provisions, if any, for ancillary and post-trial care, and for compensation to those who suffer harm from trial

participation

Dissemination policy

=> Page 16

31a

Plans for investigators and sponsor to communicate trial results to participants, healthcare professionals, the

public, and other relevant groups (eg, via publication, reporting in results databases, or other data sharing

arrangements), including any publication restrictions

=> Page 16

31b

Authorship eligibility guidelines and any intended use of professional writers

=> Page 16

31c

Plans, if any, for granting public access to the full protocol, participant-level dataset, and statistical code

=> Page 16

Appendices

Informed consent materials

32

Model consent form and other related documentation given to participants and authorised surrogates

Biological specimens

=> Appendice 1, legends page 20

33

Plans for collection, laboratory evaluation, and storage of biological specimens for genetic or molecular analysis

in the current trial and for future use in ancillary studies, if applicable

=>NA

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Effect of prehabilitation in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: study protocol of a multicentric,

randomised control trial - PREHAB study

Journal: BMJ Open

Manuscript ID bmjopen-2016-012876.R2

Article Type: Protocol

Date Submitted by the Author: 03-Nov-2016

Complete List of Authors: Le Roy, Bertrand; CHU Estaing, Digestive surgery Pereira, Bruno; University Hospital CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Biostatistic unit Bouteloup, Corinne; CHU Estaing, Digestive and Liver Disease

Costes, Frederic; CHU Gabriel Montpied, Department of physiology and medical sport Richard, Ruddy; CHU Gabriel Montpied, Department of physiology and medical sport Selvy, Marie; CHU Estaing, Digestive surgery and oncological department Petorin, Caroline; Oncology Gagniere, Johan; University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Digestive and Hepatobiliary Surgery Futier, Emmanuel; CHU Estaing, Department of Anesthesia Slim, Karem; CHU Estaing, Digestive surgery and oncological department Meunier, Bernard; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes Mabrut, Jean-Yves; Hopital de la Croix-Rousse

Mariette, C.; CHU Claude Huriez, Digestive and oncological surgery Pezet, Denis; Digestive surgery

<b>Primary Subject Heading</b>:

Surgery

Secondary Subject Heading: Rehabilitation medicine, Oncology

Keywords: Prehabilitation, Gastric cancer, Oesophageal disease < GASTROENTEROLOGY, Fitness, Gastrointestinal tumours < ONCOLOGY

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1

Effect of prehabilitation in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: study protocol of a

multicentric, randomised control trial - PREHAB study

Bertrand Le Roy, MD1, Bruno Pereira, PhD

2, Corinne Bouteloup, MD

6,9,10, Frédéric Costes,

MD, PhD5,10

, Ruddy Richard, MD, PhD5,10

, Marie Selvy, MD1, Caroline Pétorin, MD

1, Johan

Gagnière, MD1, Emmanuel Futier, MD, PhD

3, Karem Slim, MD

1, Bernard Meunier, MD,

PhD7, Jean-Yves Mabrut, MD, PhD

8, Christophe Mariette, MD, PhD

4, Denis Pezet, MD,

PhD1.

(1) Digestive surgery and oncological department, Hospital Estaing, 1, place Lucie-Aubrac,

63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France

(2) Biostatistics unit (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, 63003 Clermont-

Ferrand, France

(3) Department of Anesthesia, Hospital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, 1

Place Lucie et Raymond Aubrac, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France

(4) Digestive and oncological surgery, Hospital Claude Huriez, place de Verdun, 59037 Lille,

France

(5) Department of Sports Medicine and Functional Explorations, Hospital, Gabriel Montpied,

Clermont-Ferrand, France

(6) University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Digestive and Liver Disease Unit F-63003

Clermont-Ferrand, France

(7) Digestive surgery department, Hospital Pontchaillou, 2 rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35033

Rennes, France

(8) Digestive surgery department, Hospital Croix Rousse, 103 Grande rue de la Croix

Rousse, 69004 Lyon, France

(9) Clermont Auvergne University, University of Auvergne, Human Nutrition Unit, ECREIN,

BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France

(10) INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63009 Clermont-Ferrand, France

Corresponding author

Bertrand Le Roy

Service de chirurgie et oncologie digestive

1 place Lucie Aubrac

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63000 Clermont-Ferrand

Tel: + 33 4 73 75 04 96

Email: [email protected]

Word count: 3030

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Administrative information

Title: Effect of prehabilitation in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: study protocol of a

multicentric, randomised control trial - PREHAB study

Trial registration: NCT02780921

Protocol version: Version 5, 20 oct 2016

Funding: This study has received a grant from PHRC (Protocole Hospitalier en Recherche

Clinique) 2015 (PHRC IR 2015 LE ROY), a national public funding of research.

In accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and French regulations on clinical trials, the

study was presented to an independent ethics committee, the “Comité de Protection des

Personnes Sud Est 6” (reference: AU1228, IRB00008526, Clermont-Ferrand, France). The

approval of the committee was obtained on March 7th

, 2016. The protocol was declared to the

competent French authority (“Agence Nationale de Sécurité du Médicament et des produits de

santé”, Saint Denis, France) and registered under number 2015 A01733-46. Authorisation was

obtained on December, 21st 2015.

A clinical research assistant will be commissioned by the sponsor (University Hospital of

Clermont-Ferrand) in order to monitor the progress of the study in accordance with the

Standard Operating Procedures implemented at the University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand,

in accordance with the Good Clinical Practice and current French laws.

The data set will be the property of the sponsor (CHU Clermont-Ferrand). However, the

principal investigator and the project manager will have full access to the final data set. The

results will be communicated in a peer-reviewed journal, presented at international congresses

and summarized on ClinicalTrials.gov. The study sponsor and funders had not any role and

will have not any authority over: study design; collection, management, analysis, and

interpretation of data; writing of the report; and the decision to submit the report for

publication.

Any substantial change in the protocol or in the informed consent form will be presented to

the competent French authority (“Agence Nationale de Sécurité du Médicament et des

produits de santé”, Saint Denis, France) and a safety monitoring committee as well as first

inclusion, the interim analyses and end of study.

Protocol contributor

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4

Bertrand Le Roy

Service de chirurgie et oncologie digestive

1 place Lucie Aubrac

63000 Clermont-Ferrand

Tel: + 33 4 73 75 04 96

Email: [email protected]

Study sponsor:

C.H.U. de Clermont-Ferrand

58 Rue de Montalembert

63003 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1

Protocol contributors

Pr Christophe Mariette, principal investigator from Lille

Service de Chirurgie Digestive et Générale

Hôpital HURIEZ, CHRU Lille

Place de Verdun, 59037 Lille

Pr Meunier Bernard, principal investigator from Rennes

Service de Chirurgie Digestive et Générale

Hôpital Pontchaillou, CHRU Rennes

Rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35000 Rennes

Pr Jean Yves Mabrut, principal investigator from Lyon

Service de Chirurgie Digestive et Générale

Hôpital de la Croix Rousse, Hospice civils de Lyon

Grande rue de la croix rousse, 69317 Lyon

Contributors: BL, CB, FC, RR, BM, JYM, MS, CP, JG, EF, KS, CM and DP led the

conceptualisation, design and implementation of this research protocol with the collaboration

of the FRENCH (Fédération de recherche en chirurgie digestive). BP led the development of

the statistical analysis plan. BL participated in the design of the protocol for interventions and

assessments. All the authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

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ABSTRACT

Introduction: Perioperative chemotherapy is the gold standard treatment of the resectable

gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. However, 70% of patients can’t receive the complete

sequence because of a postoperative complication or a decrease of functional and nutritional

reserves. Recently, a new concept appeared in digestive surgery: the prehabilitation. This

interventional process consists of a patient preparation, between the surgical consultation and

the surgery, and is based on 3 components: 1) physical management 2) nutritional care and 3)

psychological care. Prehabilitation should decrease postoperative complications and improve

nutritional and physical status during the pre- and postoperative period. Therefore, it is

becoming essential to evaluate the effect of prehabilitation, compared to conventional care, on

the percentage of patients reaching the complete oncological treatment.

Methods and analysis: The PREHAB trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy of prehabilitation

compared to conventional care, in patients with gastroesophageal cancer with perioperative

chemotherapy. This trial is a prospective, randomised, controlled, open-blind, and

interventional study, in 4 centers. Patients (n=60 per group) will be randomly assigned for

management with either prehabilitation or conventional care. The primary outcome is the

percentage of patients reaching the complete oncological treatment decided in a

multidisciplinary tumour board. The secondary outcomes are the postoperative morbidity,

disease free survival, overall survival, feasibility of the protocol, length of stay, variation of

the functional reserve after the preoperative chemotherapy (defined by VO2peak, ventilatory

threshold and 6 min walk test), pre- and postoperative nutritional status, preoperative anxiety,

quality of life, 30- and 90 days mortality and cumulative dose of cytotoxic treatment received.

Ethics and dissemination: The study was approved by an independent medical ethics

committee (IRB00008526, CPP Sud-Est VI, Clermont-Ferrand, France) and by the competent

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French authority (ANSM, Saint Denis, France) and registered on Clinicaltrial.gov. The results

will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal.

Trial registration number: NCT02780921; pre-results.

Strengths and limitations of this study:

• A multicentric, prospective and randomized study

• Large number of participants (n=120)

• Prehabilitation includes nutritional care and psychological treatment

• Intra- and postoperative protocols are not standardized

• This study includes both oesophageal and stomach cancer

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INTRODUCTION

Perioperative chemotherapy is the gold standard treatment of the resectable and advanced

gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. The efficacy of this strategy has been demonstrated in two

randomized studies.1 2

It reduces tumour size before surgery, treats micrometastases and

evaluates chemosensitivity. Disease free and overall survival rates were significantly

improved with perioperative chemotherapy compared to surgery alone. However, the

limitation of these studies is that among all patients requiring chemotherapy, almost 70% of

patients did not receive the complete sequence. This sequence is defined by the administration

of two to four cycles before and two to four cycles after the surgery, according to the

protocol. The major cause of absence or impossibility of realization of postoperative

chemotherapy was the presence of postoperative complication, postoperative serious asthenia

and impaired nutritional and physical status. 1 2

Poor physical condition assessed by

cardiopulmonary exercise testing, reflecting a reduced physiological reserve, is predictive of

postoperative complications. 3 4

Physical training, even during a short period and on a various

population, is beneficial in improving physical condition, cardiopulmonary function and

muscular mass of the patient.5-8

Prehabilitation over a six week period between pre-surgical

clinic appointment and surgery decreases postoperative morbidity and the hospital stay in

cardiovascular surgery, but no study has ever been performed in patients presented with

gastric or oesophageal cancer. 7 9-11

Prehabilitation revolves around three axes: 1) physical training based on initial

cardiopulmonary exercise testing (VO2peak, ventilatory threshold (VT) and 6-min walk test

(6MWT)), 3 times by week, supervised by a physical therapist 2) nutritional care to ensure the

compliance of the nutrition program and adapt the nutritional management based on protein

and energy needs and on the level of spontaneous oral intake and 2) psychological treatment

by a psychologist to reduce preoperative anxiety. To our knowledge, no study ever focused on

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the gastroesophageal cancer. The benefit of prehabilitation in this cancer may be particularly

important because 1) this surgery is associated with a high 90-day morbidity (40%, especially

respiratory) and 90-day mortality (5%) 2) the physical and nutritional status of these patients

is often precarious (cancer cachexia, gastroesophageal obstruction), and 3) the need to

preoperative chemotherapy declines physical reserves and is associated with a lengthening of

the time between pre-surgery clinic appointment and surgery of more than 3 months.12

Also,

we hypothesize, in this parallel, of noninferiority study that with physical training, a

personalized nutritional support and a psychologist global management may decrease

postoperative complications, increase postoperative nutritional status and so, would results in

an increase in the numbers of patients receiving their full cancer treatment. The aim of this

study was to compare the percentage of patients reaching the complete oncological treatment

previously decided in a multidisciplinary tumour board in the group with prehabilitation to the

group with conventional care, in patients with gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS

Study setting

The present study is a prospective, randomised, controlled, open and multicentric, phase III

trial that compares prehabilitation (Prehab group) versus conventional care (control group) in

patients presenting with gastric and low oesophageal adenocarcinoma, treated by

perioperative chemotherapy. Inclusions will be performed in four French tertiary centers

(Figure 1).

Study objectives

In the experimental group (Prehab group), the main objective is to demonstrate an

improvement of the percentage of patients reaching the complete oncological treatment fixed

in a multidisciplinary tumour board. The secondary objectives is to evaluate the effect of the

prehabilitation on the postoperative morbidity according to Dindo-Clavien classification and

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Comprehensive Complication Index (CCI), severe morbidity (Clavien >2), disease free

survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), feasibility of the protocol (number of physical sessions

realized on the eighteen proposed), length of stay, variation of the functional reserve after the

chemotherapy (defined by VO2peak, VT and 6MWT), pre- and postoperative nutritional status,

preoperative anxiety, quality of life (EQ-5D survey) at the end of the treatment, 30- and 90

day mortality and cumulative dose of cytotoxic treatment received.13

Inclusion and exclusion criteria

To be included in the study, the participant is scheduled for surgical intervention of gastric or

oesophageal adenocarcinoma and received perioperative chemotherapy, subscribe to the

French national health insurance system and give their written consent. Patients cannot be

included in the study for one of the following criteria: <18 years of age, need for a

radiochemotherapy, treated for another cancer within 5 years, except basal cell skin

carcinoma or carcinoma in situ of the cervix, presenting with cognitive disorders or major

disability making impossible to understand the study and sign the informed consent, or being

breastfeeding or pregnant. Finally, patients already included in another clinical trial, or

estimated by the investigator to not be able to be compliant with the criteria of the study, or

with legal incapacity (person deprived of liberty or subject under guardianship) will not be

enrolled in this study. Guidelines regarding stopping participation are: withdrawal of patient

consent, non-compliance of the patient, adverse event and by decision of the investigator. In

case of withdrawal from the study, the patient will be followed and managed normally in the

digestive surgery department. The exclusion period during which the patient cannot

participate in another clinical trial is 15 days before inclusion and 0 days after the end of the

study.

Interventions

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After the first visit with his surgeon, the patient will be presented at the

multidisciplinary tumour board to validate the inclusion criteria and to schedule the

number of cycles of pre- and postoperative chemotherapy. After this step, a second

consultation with the surgeon will take place to verify all inclusion and exclusion

criteria and perform the randomization. For the two groups, an initial (before

chemotherapy) and final (one week before the surgery) evaluation will be performed.

The evaluation includes an exercise capacity evaluation by 1) an incremental

symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise test on a cycloergometer according to

international recommendations in order to determine VO2peak, and the ventilator

threshold (VT) and, 2) 6 minute walk distance (6MWT) performed according to the

ATS recommendations.14, 15

Moreover, the patients will be assessed for a nutritional

evaluation (albumin), bioelectric impedance analysis, evaluation of physical activity

and ingesta, evaluation of the level of depressive symptoms and anxiety with the

HADS survey and the quality of life (5Q-FD survey).

Study group (Figure 2)

“Prehab” group

Exercise intervention: The total-body exercise will consist of up to one hour of supervised

exercise for at least three days per week, for a total of 18 sessions, alternating between aerobic

and resistance training. Exercise intensity will be prescribed based on the target heart rate

obtained at VT during the initial CPET. The participant will exercise in the presence of the

physical therapist who will provide corrective feedback, if necessary.

Nutrition intervention: Initially, a nutritionist will perform a medical examination run

appropriate biological tests to evaluate the nutritional status and to provide individualized care

to each patient. Individual protein requirements will be calculated as 1.2g of protein per

kilogram of body weight (adjusted body weight was used for obese patients), as per European

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Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) guidelines regarding surgical

patients.16

Patients will be asked to consume the protein supplement within one hour of their

exercise regimen to capitalize on postexercise muscle protein synthesis.17

Then, a dietician

will assess the compliance of the nutritional support at each cycle of chemotherapy and will

adjust it, if necessary. After the preoperative chemotherapy, a second evaluation by a

nutritionist will be performed.

Psychologist intervention: Patients will receive up to a one hour visit with a trained

psychologist who will provide techniques aiming to reducing anxiety, such as relaxation

exercises based on imagery and visualization, together with breathing exercises. Each patient

will practice these exercises with the psychologist initially and at each cycle of chemotherapy

and at home two to three times per week. Once performed, the exercices at home will be

marked on diaries. The psychologist also provides suggestions on how to enhance and

reinforce patients’ motivation to comply with the exercise and nutritional aspects of the

intervention.

Control group:

The control group will be treated according to conventional care; will not receive any specific

intervention before surgery except nutritional support and physiotherapy at the surgeon’s

discretion.

Study outcomes

The primary outcome is, in patients presenting with gastric or oesophageal adenocarcinoma,

the percentage of patients in each group, receiving the full perioperative oncological

treatment, previously defined by a multidisciplinary tumour board. If a patient does not

complete a chemotherapy course (=event), he will be considered as a subject who did not

receive the full protocol (chemotherapy-surgery-chemotherapy). However, a decrease in dose

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of chemotherapy or a stop of a component of chemotherapy will not be considered as an

event.

The secondary outcomes are: postoperative morbidity at 3 months according to Dindo-

Clavien classification and Comprehensive Complication Index (CCI); severe morbidity at 3

months (Clavien >2); disease free survival (DFS), survival defined by the time, in months,

before recurrence at 3- and 5-years after the end of the postoperative chemotherapy; overall

survival (OS), defined by the time, in months, of the overall survival at 3- and 5; feasibility of

the protocol defined by the percentage of physical sessions realized on the eighteen proposed

in the preoperative period; length (in days) of postoperative stay; difference between the

initial (before preoperative chemotherapy) and final (after preoperative chemotherapy) VO2 at

the VT (ml.min-1

.kg-1

); difference between the initial and final value of VO2peak (ml.min-1

.kg-

1.); difference between the initial and final 6MWT (meters); difference between the initial and

final weight (Kg); difference between the initial and final albuminemia (g/l); difference

between the initial and final evaluation on the score of HADS survey (Hospital anxiety and

depression scale) to assess the anxiety and depression from a survey with 14 questions;

difference of the score between the initial evaluation and at 3-months after the surgery of the

quality of life defined by the EQ-5D survey; 30- and 90 days mortality.

Methodology and study design

The trial will be performed in four centres. Patients will be recruited, treated and followed-up

at the digestive surgery department of the University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand (France),

Lille (France), Lyon (France) and Rennes (France). After the multidisciplinary tumour board

will check all the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the PREHAB trial will be proposed by

surgeons to patients with gastric or oesophageal adenocarcinoma and concomitant

perioperative chemotherapy. Patients will be informed of the trial protocol and, on

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acceptance, will be randomised in the “Prehab” group or the control group by the surgeon or

the oncologist. Randomisation will be carried out using a dedicated centralised telephone

system and accessible round the clock. The randomisation sequence will be generated by a

biostatistician using random blocks and stratification as a function of the centers and type of

cancer (œsophagus or stomach). The trial will be open blinded because of the procedures

employed and with an objective primary endpoint. The patient will be informed of the

randomisation arm throughout the trial. The only criteria, which will be recorded, for

discontinuing or modifying allocated interventions for a given trial participant is the

participant request.

Statistical considerations

Estimation sample size

According to previous works, we estimated the percentage of patients in each group, realizing

the full perioperative oncological treatment around 30%.1,2

A sample size of n=56 patients by

randomized group would provide 90% statistical power to detect an absolute difference of

30% (30% vs. 60%) for a two-sided α level of 0.05. Finally, a total of 60 patients by group

will be considered. An interim analysis is planned after enrolment of the first 60 patients

using the Lan and DeMets, O’Brien-Fleming method (East software, Cytel Inc, Cambridge,

Massachusetts, USA). The type I error is fixed at 0.003 for this interim analysis. The time

schedule of enrolment has been estimated at 18 months.

Statistical analysis

Statistical analysis will be conducted on intention to treat (ITT) using Stata software, V.13

(StataCorp, College Station, Texas, USA). A two-sided p value of less than 0.05 will be

considered to indicate statistical significance (except interim analysis). Baseline

characteristics will be presented for each randomized group as the mean ± SD or the median

[interquartile range] according to the statistical distribution for continuous data, and as the

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number of patients and associated percentages for categorical parameters.

Comparisons between independent groups will be analysed using the χ2 or Fisher's exact test

for categorical variables (notably unplanned readmission and primary outcome: percentage of

patients realizing the full perioperative oncological treatment) and Student t-test or Mann-

Whitney's test for quantitative parameters (notably weight loss, BMI body mass index,

albumin, body impedance, length of stay, VO2peak, VT, 6MWT, depressive and anxious

symptoms evaluated using HADS, quality of Life according EQ-5D). The normality will be

studied by the Shapiro-Wilk test and the homoscedasticity using the Fisher-Snedecor test. The

analysis of the primary outcome will be complemented by multivariate analysis using

generalized linear mixed model (logistic for dichotomous dependent variable) to take into

account (1) fixed effects covariates retained according to univariate analysis results and

clinical relevance, and (2) random-effects (between and within centre and surgeon

variabilities). Censored data such as overall survival or event-free survival will be estimated

using Kaplan-Meier method and compared (i) by log-rank test in univariate situation and (ii)

using Cox proportional hazard model in the multivariate context. Regarding the analysis of

repeated measures, random-effect models (linear or generalised linear) will be considered to

study the fixed effects group, time-points evaluation and interaction ‘group x time’, taking

into account between and within subject variability.

In prehab group, a dose-response study will be proposed to assess (i) the impact of the

number of prehabilitation sessions really realized and (ii) the compliance prehabilitation care

(dietary and nutritional management). A particular focus will be done on lost to follow-up. A

study with the abandonment considered as a censored data will be proposed using Kaplan-

Meier estimation. If the frequency of missing data is greater than 5%, we will perform

additional analyses using imputation methods.

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ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION

Approval

In accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and French regulations on clinical trials, the

study was presented to an independent ethics committee, the “Comité de Protection des

Personnes Sud Est 6” (reference: AU1228, IRB00008526, Clermont-Ferrand, France). The

approval of the committee was obtained on March 7th

, 2016. The protocol was declared to the

competent French authority (“Agence Nationale de Sécurité du Médicament et des produits de

santé”, Saint Denis, France) and registered under number 2015 A01733-46. Authorisation was

obtained on December, 21st 2015. Any substantial change in the protocol or in the informed

consent form will be presented to both authorities as well as first inclusion, interim analyses

and end of study. Data monitoring will be performed per French regulations requirements. As

required by the IRB, a Safety Monitoring Committee (DSMC) has been set up. Data will be

collected at each trial visit (every two months) and at the interim analyses, regarding any

adverse events (AE) and serious AE. All serious AE causally related to treatment procedures

will be reported to the relevant ethics committees, the lead site and the independent Data and

DSMC for their review and recommendations. The DSMC comprises independent clinicians

with an interest in prehabilitation and a statistician. Overview is carried out through the

review of AE and serious AE, all of which are reported at the regular committee meetings.

Each meeting determines the Board's recommendation to the Steering Committee as to

whether the study is safe to continue. The study is currently registered on the clinical trials

website under the following number: NCT02780921. The current protocol version is the firth,

since April 20th

, 2016.

Patient informed consent

According to international regulations on clinical trials, written informed consent will be

obtained from patients prior to their participation in the study (Appendices 1 and 2). Patients

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will voluntarily confirm their understanding and willingness to participate in the study after

having been informed (in writing and verbally) by oncologists on all the aspects of the study.

They also will be informed about requirements regarding data protection and direct access to

their individual data. The patients will be informed that they are free to withdraw from the

study at any time at their own discretion, without necessarily giving reasons.

Data collection and quality management

Experienced and trained study coordinators will be dedicated to data acquisition, coding,

security and storage, under the responsibility of investigators. Each study data will be

anonymised. Data will be recorded in paper case report forms at the time of each patient

contact. These will be faxed to the study lead site for checking followed by entry into the

secure study database. Data will be collected and managed using REDCap electronic data

capture tools hosted at the University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand.18

Research Electronic

Data Capture (REDCap) is a secure, web-based application designed to support data capture

for research studies, providing: 1) an intuitive interface for validated data entry; 2) audit trails

for tracking data handling and export procedures; 3) automated export procedures for

seamless data downloads to common statistical packages; and 4) procedures for importing

data from external sources. A clinical research assistant will be commissioned by the sponsor

(University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand) in order to monitor the progress of the study in

accordance with the Standard Operating Procedures implemented at the University Hospital

of Clermont-Ferrand, in accordance with the Good Clinical Practice and current French laws.

Access to data and dissemination of results

The data set will be the property of the sponsor (CHU Clermont-Ferrand). However, the

principal investigator and the project manager will have full access to the final data set. The

results will be communicated in a peer-reviewed journal, presented at international congresses

and summarized on ClinicalTrials.gov.

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DISCUSSION

The perioperative chemotherapy became the gold standard treatment in advanced gastric and

low œsophageal adenocarcinoma, with an improvement of DFS and OS.1 2

However, the

limitation of these studies is that, among all patients requiring chemotherapy, 70% of patients

will not receive the complete treatment sequence. In these studies, only patients in good

nutritional and physical status without postoperative complications can receive postoperative

treatment. 1 2

A meta-analysis reported that prehabilitation improved postoperative morbidity,

length of stay, nutritional and physical status.7 The PREHAB study presented here should

demonstrate if the prehabilitation increases the percentage of patients reaching the complete

oncological treatment defined in a multidisciplinary tumour board, to increase DFS and OS.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Cunningham D, Allum WH, Stenning SP, Thompson JN, Van de Velde CJH, Nicolson

M, et al. Perioperative chemotherapy versus surgery alone for resectable gastroesophageal

cancer. N Engl J Med. 2006;355(1):11–20.

2. Ychou M, Boige V, Pignon J-P, Conroy T, Bouché O, Lebreton G, et al. Perioperative

chemotherapy compared with surgery alone for resectable gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma:

an FNCLCC and FFCD multicenter phase III trial. J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol.

2011;29(13):1715–21.

3. Hennis PJ, Meale PM, Grocott MPW. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing for the

evaluation of perioperative risk in non-cardiopulmonary surgery. Postgrad Med J.

2011;87(1030):550–7.

4. Carlisle J, Swart M. Mid-term survival after abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery

predicted by cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Br J Surg. 2007;94(8):966–9.

5. Fong DYT, Ho JWC, Hui BPH, Lee AM, Macfarlane DJ, Leung SSK, et al. Physical

activity for cancer survivors: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ.

2012;344:e70.

6. Kemi OJ, Wisloff U. High-intensity aerobic exercise training improves the heart in

health and disease. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2010;30(1):2–11.

7. Valkenet K, van de Port IGL, Dronkers JJ, de Vries WR, Lindeman E, Backx FJG.

The effects of preoperative exercise therapy on postoperative outcome: a systematic review.

Clin Rehabil. 2011;25(2):99–111.

8. Jaggers JR, Simpson CD, Frost KL, Quesada PM, Topp RV, Swank AM, et al.

Prehabilitation before knee arthroplasty increases postsurgical function: a case study. J

Strength Cond Res Natl Strength Cond Assoc. 2007 May;21(2):632–4.

9. Van Adrichem EJ, Meulenbroek RL, Plukker JTM, Groen H, van Weert E.

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Comparison of two preoperative inspiratory muscle training programs to prevent pulmonary

complications in patients undergoing esophagectomy: a randomized controlled pilot study.

Ann Surg Oncol. 2014;21(7):2353–60.

10. Bruns ER, van den Heuvel B, Buskens CJ, van Duijvendijk P, Festen S, Wassenaar

EB, et al. The effects of physical prehabilitation in elderly patients undergoing colorectal

surgery: a systematic review. Colorectal Dis. 2016;18(8):267-277.

11. Moran J, Guinan E, McCormick P, Larkin J, Mockler D, Hussey J, et al. The ability of

prehabilitation to influence postoperative outcome after intra-abdominal operation: A

systematic review and meta-analysis. Surgery. 2016 Jul 7; pii: S0039-6060(16)30152-0.

12. West J, Wood H, Logan RFA, Quinn M, Aithal GP. Trends in the incidence of

primary liver and biliary tract cancers in England and Wales 1971-2001. Br J Cancer.

2006;94(11):1751–8.

13. Dindo D, Demartines N, Clavien P-A. Classification of surgical complications: a new

proposal with evaluation in a cohort of 6336 patients and results of a survey. Ann Surg.

2004;240(2):205–13.

14. American Thoracic Society; American College of Chest Physicians. ATS/ACCP

Statement on cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Am J Respir Crit Care Med.

2003;167(2):211-77.

15. ATS Committee on Proficiency Standards for Clinical Pulmonary Function

Laboratories. ATS statement: guidelines for the six-minute walk test. Am J Respir

Crit Care Med. 2002;166(1):111-7.

16. Weimann A, Braga M, Harsanyi L, Laviano A, Ljungqvist O, Soeters P, et al. ESPEN

Guidelines on Enteral Nutrition: Surgery including organ transplantation. Clin Nutr Edinb

Scotl. 2006;25(2):224–44.

17. Campbell WW, Leidy HJ. Dietary protein and resistance training effects on muscle

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and body composition in older persons. J Am Coll Nutr. 2007;26(6):696S–703S.

18. Harris PA, Taylor R, Thielke R, Payne J, Gonzalez N, Conde JG. Research electronic

data capture (REDCap)--a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing

translational research informatics support. J Biomed Inform. 2009;42(2):377–81.

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Contributors: BL, CB, FC, RR, BM, JYM, MS, CP, JG, EF, KS, CM and DP led the

conceptualisation, design and implementation of this research protocol with the collaboration

of the FRENCH (Fédération de recherche en chirurgie digestive). BP led the development of

the statistical analysis plan. BL participated in the design of the protocol for interventions and

assessments. All the authors have read and approved the final manuscript. BL, CB, FC, BP,

CM and DP will have access to the final trial dataset, ancillary study, post-trial care and

disclosure of contractual agreements

Funding: This study has received a grant from PHRC (Protocole Hospitalier en Recherche

Clinique) 2015 (PHRC IR 2015 LE ROY). There is no financial and other competing interests

for principal investigators for the overall trial and each study site.

Ethics approval IRB00008526 and ANSM (2015-A01733-46).

Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

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Figures:

1. Consort diagram: Flow chart

2. Study diagram

Appendices:

1. Informed form

2. Consent form

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Consort diagram

Figure 1

254x190mm (300 x 300 DPI)

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Study diagram

Figure 2

254x190mm (300 x 300 DPI)

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Appendice  1  

FORMULAIRE  D’INFORMATION          Etude  pilote,  randomisée,  multicentrique  sur  l’effet  de  la  préhabilitation  dans  le  cancer  de  l’estomac  et  de  

l’œsophage    Promoteur de l’essai :

CHU de Clermont Ferrand, 58 rue Montalembert, 63003 Clermont Ferrand Cedex 1, France Code promoteur : PHRC IR 2015 LE ROY

Investigateur coordonnateur :

Docteur Bertrand Le Roy Service de chirurgie digestive et hépato-biliaire 1 Place Lucie Aubrac 63003 Clermont-Ferrand

   Madame, Monsieur, il vous est proposé de participer à un protocole de recherche clinique, dont le but

est de montrer qu’on peut améliorer votre récupération post opératoire et optimiser la poursuite de votre traitement de chimiothérapie en vous préparant physiquement, psychologiquement et le plan nutritionnel avant l’intervention. Cette prise en charge est appelée « préhabilitation » et va vous être expliquée ci-après plus en détails.

Cependant avant de décider de prendre part à cette étude biomédicale, il est important que vous preniez

le temps de lire et de comprendre les informations suivantes concernant le déroulement de ce protocole. Cette note d’information décrit l’objectif, les procédures, les bénéfices et les risques de l’étude. Elle explique entre autre votre droit à vous retirer de l’étude à tout moment sans avoir à vous justifier. S’il y a quoi que ce soit dans ce document que vous ne comprenez pas, veuillez demander à votre médecin ("investigateur") ou au personnel de l’étude de vous l’expliquer. Prenez votre temps pour décider si vous souhaitez ou non participer à cette étude ; parlez-en avec vos amis ou vos proches. Si vous choisissez de participer, il vous sera demandé de signer un document intitulé « Formulaire de consentement » et ce en 2 exemplaires, dont un vous sera remis. Si vous refusez de prendre part à l’étude, ceci n’aura aucune conséquence sur votre prise en charge médicale.

Pour pouvoir participer à cette étude vous devez être couvert par un régime de Sécurité Sociale. Rationnel de l’étude

Vous allez être opéré de votre cancer œsogastrique dans le service de chirurgie de votre CHU. Comme toute intervention chirurgicale, elle comporte des risques propres à chaque type d’intervention. Ces risques peuvent induire une augmentation de votre durée d’hospitalisation, une diminution plus ou moins longue de votre qualité de vie voire une impossibilité à poursuivre votre traitement de chimiothérapie. Récemment des chirurgiens ont montré qu’une préparation durant 6 semaines avant l’opération, pouvait améliorer les résultats post-opératoires sur la morbidité globale, le statut nutritionnel, le retour plus rapide aux activités quotidiennes permettant, en autre, de réaliser tout le protocole de chimiothérapie prévu initialement. Cette prise en charge est appelée « préhabilitation ». Elle repose sur 3 volets.

- une prise en charge physique qui consiste à réaliser des exercices cardiovasculaires 3 fois par semaine sous surveillance médicale dans le service de médecine du sport et de réadaptation de votre l’hôpital Paraphe du patient

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- une prise en charge nutritionnelle qui consiste à établir avec un médecin nutritionniste et un diététicien, un programme alimentaire pouvant conduite à une supplémentation nutritionnelle si nécessaire

- une prise en charge psychologique avec le soutien d’un psychologue qui vous recommandera, en

autre, des tests de relaxation à réaliser à la maison. Ce protocole a déjà montré son intérêt dans le domaine de la chirurgie cardio vasculaire ou du cancer colorectal. Aussi, nous souhaiterions en faire de même pour la chirurgie du cancer œsogastrique d’où l’étude à laquelle nous vous proposons de participer.

Déroulement de l’étude : Après information par votre chirurgien et après lecture de cette note, si vous acceptez de rentrer dans l’étude, un bilan pré-opératoire standard pour votre pathologie pourra être réalisé si nécessaire. De même vous pourrez être amené à voir ou revoir un anesthésiste à la demande du chirurgien. Nous vous demanderons également de bien vouloir compléter, répondre à quelques questionnaires évaluant votre qualité de vie, vos habitudes alimentaires, vos activités quotidiennes... Après ces évaluations et si vous répondez toujours aux critères du protocole, un tirage au sort sera réalisé afin de déterminer dans quel groupe vous allez entrer durant vos séances de chimiothérapie pré opératoire 1) groupe contrôle : préparation standard selon les référentiels actuels, 2) groupe préhabilitation. Paraphe du patient

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Paraphe du patient

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La préparation standard consistera : a) à bénéficier de séance de kinésithérapie respiratoire si nécessaire, b) à prendre des compléments alimentaires si nécessaire soit par voie orale, soit à l’aide de sonde naso-

gastrique (sonde qui passe par les narines pour aller directement dans le tube digestif) soit par injection. c) à évaluer votre anxiété à l’aide de questionnaires

La "préhabilitation" consistera :

a) à réaliser des exercices physiques à raison de 1h, 3 fois par semaine durant 6 semaines dans le service de médecine du sport de votre Hôpital et ce, sous la surveillance médicale d’un kinésithérapeute. Ces activités seront adaptées à vos propres capacités et selon vos résultats aux examens cardio respiratoires réalisés au préalable avant tout traitement. Ils débuteront 2 mois avant votre chirurgie.

Les exercices réalisés seront de 2 types : * des exercices d’endurance dont le but sont d’améliorer votre résistance cardio vasculaire en

réalisant du vélo et/ou de la marche, * des exercices de renforcement musculaires (bras, épaules, poitrine, abdomen, dos hanches et

jambe) à l’aide de matériel type haltères, élastiques …...

Tous ces exercices seront actualisés au cours du temps en fonction de vos progrès, performances. b) à suivre un programme nutritionnel élaboré avec un nutritionniste 2 mois avant votre chirurgie. Ce

dernier sera établi en fonction de vos besoins, de vos habitudes alimentaires et pourra être adapté, modifié en cours du programme avec l’aide du diététicien qui vous rencontrera régulièrement lors de vos

venues à l’hôpital pour vos séances de chimiothérapie. Vous reverrez également le nutritionniste à la fin de vos 6 semaines de préhabilitation.

c) à vous rendre à des consultations de psychologies pour apprendre à gérer, contrôler votre anxiété, à

mieux appréhender votre traitement de chimiothérapie et les effets secondaires associés. Pour cela il vous sera demandé d’assister à 3 consultations d’1h avec un psychologue qui vous apprendra des exercices de relaxations à réaliser ensuite à votre domicile. Ces consultations auront lieu au cours des 2 mois précédents votre chirurgie

A la fin de vos séances de chimiothérapie, vous bénéficierez à nouveaux de bilans (et ce, peu importe dans quel groupe vous êtes inclus) afin de faire le point sur :

1) votre résistance cardiorespiratoire 2) votre état nutritionnel, 3) votre niveau d’anxiété

De même il vous sera demandé de répondre à des questionnaires Ensuite, un suivi médical 1 mois puis à la fin de votre traitement de chimiothérapie adjuvante sera

réalisé par le biais d’une consultation afin d’évaluer les suites opératoires, votre qualité de vie, votre autonomie. Le déroulement de chaque consultation comprendra un examen médical clinique, des questionnaires spécifiques à l’étude à compléter.

Paraphe du patient

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Bénéfices et risques de l’étude

Les bénéfices potentiels pour vous de participer à cette étude pourraient être une meilleure récupération post opératoire, une durée d’hospitalisation plus courte et surtout un retour plus rapide à vos activités du quotidien, et peut être une meilleur tolérance de la chimiothérapie.

Ce projet ne devrait pas engendrer de risque supplémentaire pour vous si ce n’est peut être un surplus de

fatigue liée aux exercices, examens et consultations supplémentaires requis par l’essai, voire des contraintes supplémentaires comme disponibilités, déplacements, suivi alimentaire .

Modalité de recrutement

Ce protocole sera proposé à 120 patients répondant aux critères d’inclusion et d’exclusion. Ces 120 patients seront inclus après signature du consentement éclairé. Traitements administrés dans le cadre de cette étude

Aucun traitement supplémentaire autre que ceux utilisés en routine pour votre prise en charge thérapeutique ne sera nécessaire à la conduite de cette étude. Evaluations réalisées

Nous essayerons au mieux de concilier les examens, consultations spécifiques au protocole avec vos venues au CHU dans le cadre de votre traitement de chimiothérapie. Si des visites supplémentaires s’avéraient nécessaires pour des questions de disponibilités, d’organisation de services sachez que cela n’induire aucun frais supplémentaire pour vous.

De même lors de votre prise en charge, suivi, il vous sera remis des questionnaires permettant d’évaluer

votre qualité de vie, votre niveau d’anxiété ou encore votre statut physique et nutritionnel. Ces questionnaires devront être remplis sur place et prendront au maximum une vingtaine de minutes.

Durée totale de votre participation à ce protocole

La durée totale de votre participation à cette étude sera de 6 mois. Indemnisation

Il n’y aura aucune indemnisation dans le cadre de cette étude.

Période d’exclusion La période d’exclusion définie dans le cadre de cette étude est de 15 jours avant votre inclusion jusqu’à

votre sortie d’étude, période pendant laquelle vous ne pourrez pas participer à un autre protocole de recherche clinique. Paraphe du patient

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Conservation de matériel biologique Cette étude ne fera l’objet d’aucune conservation de matériel biologique

Protection des patients et confidentialité Cette recherche a reçu l’avis favorable du Comité de Protection des Personnes sud est VI le

…………………………… ainsi que l’autorisation préalable de l’autorité compétente de santé datée du ………………………... Il est possible que cette recherche soit interrompue, si les circonstances le nécessitent, par le promoteur ou à la demande de l’autorité de santé.

Votre participation à cette recherche biomédicale n'engendrera pour vous aucun frais supplémentaire par rapport à ceux que vous auriez dans le cadre de la prise en charge standard de votre maladie.

Toutefois, pour pouvoir participer à cette recherche vous devez être affilié(e) ou bénéficier d’un régime de sécurité sociale.

Le CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, qui organise cette recherche biomédicale en qualité de promoteur, a contracté une assurance conformément aux dispositions législatives, garantissant sa responsabilité civile et celle de tout intervenant auprès de la Société Hospitalière d’Assurances Mutuelles (SHAM, contrat n° 147161). Dans le cas où votre état de santé serait altéré du fait de votre participation à l’étude, conformément à la loi de Santé Publique n°2004-806 du 9 août 2004, vous seriez en droit de recevoir des dédommagements dans le cadre de ce contrat d’assurance spécifique.

Dans le cadre de la recherche biomédicale à laquelle le CHU de Clermont-Ferrand (établissement

promoteur) vous propose de participer, un traitement informatique de vos données personnelles va être mis en œuvre pour permettre d’analyser les résultats de la recherche au regard de l’objectif de cette dernière qui vous a été présenté. A cette fin, les données médicales vous concernant et les données relatives à vos habitudes de vie, seront transmises au Promoteur de la recherche ou aux personnes ou sociétés agissant pour son compte, en France ou à l’étranger. Ces données seront identifiées par un numéro de code et par vos initiales. Ces données pourront également, dans des conditions assurant leur confidentialité, être transmises aux autorités de santé françaises, à d’autres entités du CHU de Clermont Ferrand (établissement promoteur).

Conformément aux dispositions de loi relative à l’informatique aux fichiers et aux libertés, vous disposez

d’un droit d’accès et de rectification. Vous disposez également d’un droit d’opposition à la transmission des données couvertes par le secret professionnel susceptibles d’être utilisées dans le cadre de cette recherche et d’être traitées.

Vous pouvez également accéder directement ou par l’intermédiaire d’un médecin de votre choix à l’ensemble de vos données médicales en application des dispositions de l’article L. 1111-7 du code de la santé publique. Ces droits s’exercent auprès du médecin qui vous suit dans le cadre de la recherche et qui connaît votre identité.

Par ailleurs, vous pourrez être tenu informé des résultats globaux de cette recherche à la fin de l’étude. Vous êtes libre d'accepter ou de refuser de participer à cette recherche. De plus vous pouvez exercer à tout

moment votre droit de retrait de cette recherche sans avoir à vous justifier. Le fait de ne plus participer à cette recherche ne modifiera pas la qualité des soins qui vous sont prodigués. Vous pouvez demander à tout moment des explications complémentaires sur l’étude à l’équipe soignante.

Lorsque vous aurez lu cette note d’information et obtenu les réponses aux questions que vous vous posez en interrogeant le médecin investigateur, il vous sera proposé, si vous en êtes d’accord,

Paraphe du patient

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de donner votre consentement écrit en signant le document préparé à cet effet en accord avec le code de la santé publique visant à protéger les personnes se soumettant à une étude biomédicale. Votre consentement écrit n’enlève en aucun cas la responsabilité des médecins qui vous soignent A qui devez-vous vous adresser en cas de questions ou de problèmes ?

En cas de problèmes, d’événements indésirables en cours d’essai ou de questions, vous pouvez vous adresser aux personnes suivantes :

Vos contacts dans l’étude

Bertrand Le Roy (Coordonnateur) Service de Chirurgie Digestive Hôpital Estaing CHU de Clermont-Ferrand 1 place Lucie et Raymond Aubrac 63003 Clermont-Ferrand cedex 1 Tel: 04 73 75 04 94 Fax : 04 73 75 19 22 [email protected]

Brigitte Gillet (Ingénieur Hospitalier, Attaché de recherche clinique) Service de Chirurgie Digestive Unité d'Oncologie Digestive Hôpital Estaing CHU de Clermont-Ferrand 1 place Lucie et Raymond Aubrac 63003 Clermont-Ferrand cedex 1Tel: 04 73 75 52 26 Fax : 04 73 75 19 22 [email protected]

Paraphe du patient sur toutes les pages

Date : ……/……/…… Signature du patient Paraphe de l’investigateur (Précédée de la mention « Lu et compris »)

 

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Appendice  2    

FORMULAIRE DE CONSENTEMENT DE PARTICIPATION A UNE RECHERCHE BIOMEDICALE

Etude pilote, randomisée, multicentrique sur l’effet de la préhabilitation dans le cancer de l’œsophage et de l’estomac

Promoteur de l’essai :

CHU de Clermont Ferrand, 58 rue Montalembert, 63003 Clermont Ferrand Cedex 1, France Code promoteur : PHRC IR 2015 LE ROY

Investigateur coordonnateur :

Docteur Bertrand Le Roy Service de chirurgie digestive et hépato-biliaire 1 Place Lucie Aubrac 63003 Clermont-Ferrand

   

   Je soussigné(e) Mme, Mlle, M. (rayer les mentions inutiles) (nom, prénom)…………………………………………… Né(e) le ………………….…………………... Déclare : - que le Docteur (nom, prénom, téléphone) ……………………………………………..…………….. m’a proposé

de participer à l’étude sus nommée, - qu’il m’a expliqué en détail le protocole, - qu’il m’a notamment fait connaître :

• l’objectif, la méthode et la durée de l’étude • les contraintes et les risques potentiels encourus • mon droit de refuser de participer et en cas de désaccord de retirer mon consentement à tout moment • mon obligation d’inscription à un régime de sécurité sociale • que, si je le souhaite, à son terme, je serais informé(e) par le médecin investigateur de ses résultats globaux • que je ne serais pas autorisé(e) à participer à d’autres études cliniques durant toute ma participation à ce

protocole estimée à 6 mois maximum. • que le Comité de Protection des Personnes Sud Est VI a émis un avis favorable en date du

xx/xx/xxxx(Préciser le nom de CPP sollicité et la date d’obtention de l’avis favorable) • que l’ANSM (Agence Nationale de Sécurité du Médicament et des produits de santé) a délivré une

autorisation pour cette étude • que dans le cadre de cette étude le promoteur, le CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, a souscrit à une assurance

couvrant cette recherche (contrat SHAM 147161). - que j’ai répondu en toute bonne foi aux questions concernant mon état de santé et ma participation à d’autres

études. Les informations relatives à l’étude recueillies par l’investigateur sont traitées confidentiellement. J’accepte que les données enregistrées à l’occasion de cette recherche puissent faire l’objet d’un traitement informatisé anonyme. J’ai bien noté que le droit d’accès prévu par la loi du 6 août 2004 relative à l’informatique, aux fichiers et aux libertés s’exerce à tout moment auprès du médecin qui me suit dans le cadre de la recherche et qui connaît mon identité. Je pourrai exercer mon droit de rectification et d’opposition auprès de ce même médecin, qui contactera le promoteur de la recherche

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Après avoir discuté librement et obtenu réponse à toutes mes questions, j’accepte librement et volontairement de participer à cette recherche biomédicale dans les conditions précisées dans le formulaire d’information et de consentement. Nom et prénom du patient : …………………………………………………… Date :……./……./……. Signature Précédée de la mention « Lu et compris » :

Nom de l’investigateur : …………………………………………………… Date :……./……./……. Signature :

Ce document est à réaliser en 2 exemplaires originaux, dont le premier doit être gardé 15 ans par l’investigateur,

un autre remis à la personne donnant son consentement.      

 

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Spirit

Administrative information

Title

1

Descriptive title identifying the study design, population, interventions, and, if applicable, trial acronym

Trial registration=> Page 3

2a

Trial identifier and registry name. If not yet registered, name of intended registry

=> Page 3

2b

All items from the World Health Organization Trial Registration Data Set

Protocol version

=> Page 3

3

Date and version identifier

Funding

=> Page 3

4

Sources and types of financial, material, and other support

Roles and responsibilities

=> Page 3-4

5a

Names, affiliations, and roles of protocol contributors

=> Page 4

5b

Name and contact information for the trial sponsor

=> Page 3-4

5c

Role of study sponsor and funders, if any, in study design; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation

of data; writing of the report; and the decision to submit the report for publication, including whether they will

have ultimate authority over any of these activities

=> Page 3

5d

Composition, roles, and responsibilities of the coordinating centre, steering committee, endpoint adjudication

committee, data management team, and other individuals or groups overseeing the trial, if applicable (see

Item 21a for data monitoring committee)

=> Page 3

Introduction

Background and rationale

6a

Description of research question and justification for undertaking the trial, including summary of relevant

studies (published and unpublished) examining benefits and harms for each intervention

=> Page 7

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6b

Explanation for choice of comparators

=> Page 8

Objectives

7

Specific objectives or hypotheses

Trial design

=> Page 8

8

Description of trial design including type of trial (eg, parallel group, crossover, factorial, single group), allocation

ratio, and framework (eg, superiority, equivalence, noninferiority, exploratory)

=> Page 8

Methods: Participants, interventions, and outcomes

Study setting

9

Description of study settings (eg, community clinic, academic hospital) and list of countries where data will be

collected. Reference to where list of study sites can be obtained Eligibility criteria

=> Page 8

10 Inclusion and exclusion criteria for participants. If applicable, eligibility criteria for study centres and

individuals who will perform the interventions (eg, surgeons, psychotherapists) Interventions

=> Page 9

11a Interventions for each group with sufficient detail to allow replication, including how and when they will be

administered

=> Page 10

11b Criteria for discontinuing or modifying allocated interventions for a given trial participant (eg, drug dose

change in response to harms, participant request, or improving/worsening disease)

=> Page 11-12

11c Strategies to improve adherence to intervention protocols, and any procedures for monitoring adherence

(eg, drug tablet return, laboratory tests)

=> Page 11-12

11d Relevant concomitant care and interventions that are permitted or prohibited during the trial Outcomes

=> Page 11-12

12 Primary, secondary, and other outcomes, including the specific measurement variable (eg, systolic blood

pressure), analysis metric (eg, change from baseline, final value, time to event), method of aggregation (eg,

median, proportion), and time point for each outcome. Explanation of the clinical relevance of chosen efficacy

and harm outcomes is strongly recommended Participant timeline

=> Page 11-12

13 Time schedule of enrolment, interventions (including any run-ins and washouts), assessments, and visits for

participants. A schematic diagram is highly recommended (see Figure) Sample size

=> Page 13-14

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14 Estimated number of participants needed to achieve study objectives and how it was determined, including

clinical and statistical assumptions supporting any sample size calculations Recruitment

=> Page 13-14

15 Strategies for achieving adequate participant enrolment to reach target sample size

=> Page 14

Methods: Assignment of interventions (for controlled trials) Allocation: Sequence generation

16a Method of generating the allocation sequence (eg, computer-generated random numbers), and list of any

factors for stratification. To reduce predictability of a random sequence, details of any planned restriction (eg,

blocking) should be provided in a separate document that is unavailable to those who enrol participants or

assign interventions

=> Page 14

Allocation concealment mechanism

16b Mechanism of implementing the allocation sequence (eg, central telephone; sequentially numbered,

opaque, sealed envelopes), describing any steps to conceal the sequence until interventions are assigned

Implementation

=> Page 14

16c Who will generate the allocation sequence, who will enrol participants, and who will assign participants to

interventions Blinding (masking)

=> Page 14

17a Who will be blinded after assignment to interventions (eg, trial participants, care providers, outcome

assessors, data analysts), and how

=> Page 14

17b If blinded, circumstances under which unblinding is permissible, and procedure for revealing a participant’s

allocated intervention during the trial Methods: Data collection, management, and analysis Data collection

methods

=> NA

18a Plans for assessment and collection of outcome, baseline, and other trial data, including any related

processes to promote data quality (eg, duplicate measurements, training of assessors) and a description of

study instruments (eg, questionnaires, laboratory tests) along with their reliability and validity, if known.

Reference to where data collection forms can be found, if not in the protocol

=> Page 14

18b Plans to promote participant retention and complete follow-up, including list of any outcome data to be

collected for participants who discontinue or deviate from intervention protocols Data management

=> Page 14

19 Plans for data entry, coding, security, and storage, including any related processes to promote data quality

(eg, double data entry; range checks for data values). Reference to where details of data management

procedures can be found, if not in the protocol Statistical methods

=> Page 14

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20a Statistical methods for analysing primary and secondary outcomes. Reference to where other details of the

statistical analysis plan can be found, if not in the protocol

=> Page 14

20b Methods for any additional analyses (eg, subgroup and adjusted analyses)

=> Page 14

20c Definition of analysis population relating to protocol non-adherence (eg, as randomised analysis), and any

statistical methods to handle missing data (eg, multiple imputation)

=> Page 14

Methods:

Monitoring Data monitoring

21a Composition of data monitoring committee (DMC); summary of its role and reporting structure; statement

of whether it is independent from the sponsor and competing interests; and reference to where further details

about its charter can be found, if not in the protocol. Alternatively, an explanation of why a DMC is not needed

=> Page 16

21b Description of any interim analyses and stopping guidelines, including who will have access to these

interim results and make the final decision to terminate the trial Harms

=> Page 13

22 Plans for collecting, assessing, reporting, and managing solicited and spontaneously reported adverse

events and other unintended effects of trial interventions or trial conduct Auditing

=> Page 13

23 Frequency and procedures for auditing trial conduct, if any, and whether the process will be independent

from investigators and the sponsor

=> Page 13

Ethics and dissemination

Research ethics approval

24

Plans for seeking research ethics committee/institutional review board (REC/IRB) approval

Protocol amendments

=> Page 14-15

25

Plans for communicating important protocol modifications (eg, changes to eligibility criteria, outcomes,

analyses) to relevant parties (eg, investigators, REC/IRBs, trial participants, trial registries, journals, regulators)

=> Page 14-15

Consent or assent

26a

Who will obtain informed consent or assent from potential trial participants or authorised surrogates, and how

(see Item 32)

=> Page 15

26b

Additional consent provisions for collection and use of participant data and biological specimens in ancillary

studies, if applicable

Confidentiality

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=> Page 15

27

How personal information about potential and enrolled participants will be collected, shared, and maintained

in order to protect confidentiality before, during, and after the trial

Declaration of interests

28

Financial and other competing interests for principal investigators for the overall trial and each study site

Access to data

29 Statement of who will have access to the final trial dataset, and disclosure of contractual agreements that

limit such access for investigators Ancillary and post-trial care

30 Provisions, if any, for ancillary and post-trial care, and for compensation to those who suffer harm from trial

participation

Dissemination policy

=> Page 16

31a

Plans for investigators and sponsor to communicate trial results to participants, healthcare professionals, the

public, and other relevant groups (eg, via publication, reporting in results databases, or other data sharing

arrangements), including any publication restrictions

=> Page 16

31b

Authorship eligibility guidelines and any intended use of professional writers

=> Page 16

31c

Plans, if any, for granting public access to the full protocol, participant-level dataset, and statistical code

=> Page 16

Appendices

Informed consent materials

32

Model consent form and other related documentation given to participants and authorised surrogates

Biological specimens

=> Appendice 1, legends page 20

33

Plans for collection, laboratory evaluation, and storage of biological specimens for genetic or molecular analysis

in the current trial and for future use in ancillary studies, if applicable

=>NA

Page 39 of 39

For peer review only - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/site/about/guidelines.xhtml

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