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BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 1
BMW Diesel Engines – dynamic, efficient and cleanWolfgang Mattes
BMW Diesel.12th DEER Conference, August 20-24, 2006, Detroit
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 2
• BMW Diesel history
• Engine portfolio and market success
• What do Diesel customers like ?
• Challenges in the US-market
• Emission concept for TIER2 BIN5
• Conclusions
BMW Diesel.Contents
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 3
100 %
Torque: + 160 %
Consumption:- 20 %
Emissions: - 99 % Particulates
Power: + 135 %
BMW Diesel.Dramatic evolution.
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 4
BMW Diesel.Two decades of diesel competence.
1983- First inline 6
BMW diesel
- 524td, fastest diesel car of its time
1987- First Digital
Diesel-Electronic (DDE)
BMW 524td
1990- First BMW
diesel withOxidation-CAT
1998- Introduction of DI
technology by BMW- BMW 320d wins
the 24 Hours of Nürburgring
2001- DI with 2nd generation
Common Rail, 1600 bar
2004- Variable
Twin Turbo- Particulate
filter 2nd generation
1999- First V8 diesel
with direct injection within the premium car segment
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 5
BMW Diesel.Production Volumes.
Engi
nes
1000
/a
Production year0
50
150
200
250
84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 0099
100
83
1st Generation262.000
∑
635.000 ∑
300
01 02 03
350
04
400
450
05
500
2nd Generation
3rd Generationuntil end 2005
2.324.000
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 6
BMW Diesel.Diesel Models in Europe.
6-Cylinder
8-Cylinder
1er 3er 5er 7er4-Cylinder X3 X5Mini
745d
118d120dOne D
318d320d320cd
330d330cd330xd
525d530d530xd535d
730d X3 3.0d X5 3.0d
X3 2.0d520d
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 7
BMW Diesel.Development of 6-Cylinder Diesel-Engines.
200 300 400 500 600 Torque [Nm]
Pow
er [k
W]
85 kW210 Nm
105 kW260 Nm
135 kW410 Nm
160 kW500 Nm *
200 kW560 Nm
19831991
1998
2002
2004
* since 03/2005 170 kW / 520 Nm
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 8
BMW Diesel.Engine Line up.
Pow
er [
kW]
1.5
Engine Displacement [ l ]
2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
4 - Cylinder2.0 l
6 - Cylinder2.5 l / 3.0 l / 3.0 l VVT
8 - Cylinder4.4 l
250
215
175
150
125
100
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 9
BMW Diesel.BMW Diesel–Mix in Western Europe.
7er X3 X5
1er 3er 5er
58% 56% 73%
70% 88% 89%
per August 2005
Diesel
(2004 54%)
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 10
3035404550556065707580
2004 2005 2006
Dies
el s
hare
[%]
BMW Diesel.Australia – development of X5 Diesel-share.
forecast
1387 units
1830 units
1708 units
Overall Diesel Share PC+ LDV
2004 10%
2005 11%
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 11
BMW Diesel.Success factors for Diesel engines.
• Fun to drive, outstanding torque characteristicrelaxed cruisingtorque on demand good NVH due to low engine speed
• Low fuel consumption 20-30 % below comparable Petrol carscost saving, sometimes supported by low fuel costshigh cruising range
BMW focus: Sports Diesel
High power output and sporty drivabilitycombined with low FC under all driving conditions
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 12
Dynamics
Fuel-Consumptionand Emissions
Weightreduction
BMW Diesel.Efficient Dynamics.
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 13
BMW Diesel.Clean Diesel – Introduction of Particulate Filter.
2004 2005 2006 2007
318d 320d 330d
525d, 530d 535d 520d
118d120d
730d, 745d
X3 2.0d, X3 3.0d
X5 3.0d
03/0409/04
03/05
09/05
09/05
09/0501/05
09/05
09/0506/05
10/05
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 14
BMW Diesel.Leading edge engine technology.
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 15
BMW Diesel.Variable Twin Turbo technology –a new milestone in diesel history.
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 16
630
560
490
420
350
280
210
140
70
0
Torq
ue [N
m]
Pow
er [k
W]
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 Engine speed [min-1]
225
200
175
150
125
100
75
50
25
0
Variable Twin Turbo 3,0 l :560 Nm at 2000 min-1
200 kW at 4400 min-1
Base engine 3,0 l (MJ 05) :500 Nm at 2000 min-1
160 kW at 4000 min-1
BMW Diesel.Variable Twin Turbo technology - even more powerful.
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 17
10,8
10,4
10,0
9,6
9,2
8,8
8,4
8,0
7,6
7,4
Fuel
con
sum
ptio
n [l/
100
km]
6,0 6,4 6,8 7,2 7,6 8,0 Acceleration 0-60 mph [sec]
535dA 530dA MJ 05
Alternative8-cylinder concept
BMW Diesel.Variable Twin Turbo technology combines V8-dynamics with R6 fuel consumption.
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 18
BMW Diesel.Technology proofed in Rally Sport.
Engine :
Power :Torque :
BMW inline 6 cylinder dieselwith Variable Twin Turboabout 270 HPover 600 Nm
Winner of the Diesel category in the 2003 and 2004 Paris-Dakar Rally.
First Diesel to win a special stage
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 19
Emission aftertreatmentincluding particle filter
Engine internal measures
BMW Diesel.The package for EU4 emission regulations.
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 20
BMW Diesel.The package for EU 4 emission regulations.
Optimizedcatalyst
Intake manifoldwith controlled flap
Throttle
Electricallycontrolled TC
EU4 EGR-cooler
Coated sootfilter (CSF)
Lambda probe
EU 4 injector
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 21
6-Cylindercentral injector position4 valvessymetrical combustion chambervariable air control
BMW Diesel.Combustion Chamber Configuration.
8-Cylinder
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 22
Particles are filtered and burnt off in the ceramic filter with its catalytic coating.
no power lossno significant increase in FCreduced HC/CO-emissionsno maintenance necessaryreduced system effort
BMW Diesel.BMW Diesel Particulate Filter.
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 23
When I buy a car, the price is theabsolutely decisive criterion
I couldn‘t imagine life without a car
When I buy a new car, the fuel consumption is very important for me, even if it means
spendingmore money for this lower fuel consumption
A car‘s eco-friendliness isof the greatest impotence for me
A car has to be at the cutting edge of technology
For me a car is simply a functional object
Cars are a major problem for the environment
For me a car is of particular interest if it is a very innovative and advanced model
I can get really enthusiastic about cars
General Attitude towards Driving & Cars
Market Study Diesel Image Germany and UK 2005
7485
7582
6072
65666466
56
60
60
5154
668383
8962
572932
6464
364038
466564
7673
Internal | DS/MKT3 5920753e | 1/10/2006 | © Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Diesel drivers (n=420)Petrol drivers (n=598)
Diesel Systems
Diesel drivers (n=329)Petrol drivers (n=676)
Data in %
BMW Diesel.What do Diesel customers like .
Source : BOSCH
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 24
Don‘t know / No answer
After going to the dealership
Before going to the dealership
I listen to the dealer‘s adviceand then decide between
petrol and diesel
Decided right at the beginning
Timing of Engine Choice
37
14
21
17
11
55
16
13
8
8
37
18
16
11
12
52
22
8
11
4
Petrol drivers(n=598)
Market Study Diesel Image Germany and UK 2005
Diesel drivers(n=420)
Petrol drivers(n=676)
Internal | DS/MKT3 5920753e | 1/10/2006 | © Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Diesel drivers(n=329)
Diesel Systems
Data in %
BMW Diesel.What do Diesel customers like .
Source : BOSCH
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 25
Others
Negative aspects
Positive aspects
Makes/models
No specific image
No answer
Spontaneous Associations with Diesel
46
40
10
3
8
7
67
22
9
4
3
6
36
36
18
16
3
16
72
11
13
11
3
9
Petrol drivers(n=598)
Market Study Diesel Image Germany and UK 2005
Diesel drivers(n=420)
Petrol drivers(n=676)
Internal | DS/MKT3 5920753e | 1/10/2006 | © Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Diesel drivers(n=329)
Diesel Systems
Data in %
Source : BOSCH
BMW Diesel.What do Diesel customers like .
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 26
Smooth engine
Strongly improveddiesel technology
Eco-friendly technology
Performance (hp, acceleration, torque)
Consumption level
For longer distances /high mileage
Diesel enginelasts longer
Reliability
24
18
6
7
4
3
1
1
42
36
10
6
9
3
3
3
15
8
3
6
5
3
2
3
42
22
7
13
12
1
3
18
Petrol drivers(n=598)
Market Study Diesel Image Germany and UK 2005
Diesel drivers(n=420)
Petrol drivers(n=676)
Internal | DS/MKT3 5920753e | 1/10/2006 | © Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Diesel drivers(n=329)
Diesel Systems
Spontaneous Associations with Diesel
Positive aspects
Data in %
Source : BOSCH
BMW Diesel.What do Diesel customers like .
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 27
Market Study "Diesel Image in Germany/UK 2005"
212620358
454134
2018
33
2724
29
3741
35
7917
403624
0
100
Diesel 2005Diesel 2004Diesel 2002Benzin2005
Benzin2004
Benzin2002
Willingness to change – Germany 2002/2004/2005
Internal | DS/MKT3 5920827e | 03/01/2006 | © Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
petrol drivers diesel drivers2002 2004 2005 2002 2004 2005
Entrenched(= verwurzelt)
Average(= verbunden)
Shallow(= schwankend)
Convertible(=wechselbereit
)
Source : BOSCH
BMW Diesel.What do Diesel customers like .
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 28
• Stringent emission legislation (orientation on gasoline engine)
• High requirements to OBD
• Various fuel quality with large dispersions
• Intensified climatic edge conditions
Robust, sustainable solutions are required
New technologies are needed
BMW Diesel.Challenges in the US market.
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 29
N0xg/mi
NMHCg/mi
COg/mi
PMg/mi
0,10 0,32
0,98
- 94%
6,4
X5 3.0d with EU4 technology incl. DPF
0,6
0,08 0,23
0,140,05
0,0750,10
3,4
Tier 1 LDT3
Tier 2 Bin 10 (till MJ 08)
Tier 2 Bin 8 (MJ 09) Tier 2 Bin 5 (MJ 09)
BMW Diesel.NOx challenge BIN 5.
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 30
• Modified combustion
• Advanced EGR- system
• Adapted fuel injection system
• Electrical control devices
• Additional sensors
• OBD functions
• Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF)
• SCR-System (Selective Catalytic Reduction)
BMW Diesel.TIER2 BIN 5 concept.
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 31
FE [m
pg]
LDT PC
BMW FleetX-Vehicles
MY 06
BMW FleetP/C
MY 06
X5 Diesel 3-series Diesel
> +30%> +25%
BMW Diesel.Fuel Consumption – Diesel efficiency.
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 32
UREA injection
Mixer with hydrolysisfunction
SCR-catalystMixingsection
BMW Diesel.DPF + SCR-system layout.
Additional requirements:- heated tank with fluid-level indicator (OBD)- heated Urea pipes from tank to dosing unit
Closed coupled DPF
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 33
NO + NO2 + 2 NH3 2 N2 + 3 H2O
4 NO + O2 + 4 NH3 4 N2 + 6 H2O
6 NO2 + 8 NH3 7 N2 + 12 H2O
(NH2)2CO NH3 + HNCO
HNCO + H2O NH3 + CO2
NO + ½ O2 NO2
BMW Diesel.SCR system – chemical reactions
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 34
BMW Diesel.Characteristics of SCR system.
Advantages
- High NOx-efficiency up to high engine loads
- Long term emission stability
-No increase in fuel consumption
Challenging requirements
- UREA infrastructure common efforts necessary necessary
- OBD
SCR systems are available for trucks in Europe and Japan
BMW judgement: long term solution for diesel engines
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 35
BMW Diesel.Conclusion.
• Portion of BMW Diesel passenger cars in Europe has significantly increased within the last decade
• BMW Diesel philosophy is “efficient dynamics”
• BMW at leading edge of diesel technology
• BMW target for US is to fulfil 50 state legislations
• Technology concept for BIN 5 defined, but still challenging
• Compromisses to Diesel necessary (i.e. phase-in`s)
BMW Diesels: dynamic, efficient and clean
BMW AGWolfgang MattesDEER 2006Page 36
Thank you very much for your attention!
BMW Diesel.Ready for the future.