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8/10/2019 Body Area Network 110704020806 Phpapp01

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BODY AREA NETWORKS

By :Nawal Kishore KundanRoll No. 48Computer Science, SOE

Guide:Ms. Ancy Zachariah


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Contents

Introduction Body Sensor Network

BAN Architecture Applications Challenges & Security

Conclusions References


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INTRODUCTION

Formal Definition by IEEE 802.15a communication standard optimized for

low power devices and operation on, in or

around the human body (but not limited tohumans) to serve a variety of applicationsincluding medical, consumer electronics /personal entertainment and other

A Body Area Network is a system ofdevices in close proximity to a personbody that cooperate for the benefit of theuser.


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Data Rate vs Power


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Body Sensor Network

BSN technology represents the lowerbound of power and bandwidth fromthe BAN

Defined by Professor Guang-ZhongYang in 2006

Managed BSN (MBSN)Eg. MobiHealth & CodeBlue

Autonomous BSN (ABSN)Eg. Human++


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Managed BSN

A managed body sensor network (MBSN)is defined as a system where the thirdparty makes decisions based the datacollected from one or many BSN.

Eg. MobiHealth & CodeBlue


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Autonomous BSN

Autonomous body sensor networks(ABSN) and MBSN share the samegoals, but they accomplish them indifferent ways.

ABSN introduce actuators inaddition to the sensors to allow theBSN to effect change on the usersbody.


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Autonomous BSN


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BAN Architecture

Hardware Architecture Software Architecture

Characteristics


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Hardware Architecture of BAN

BAN network (in general terms) is alsoknown as Wireless BAN or BodySensor Network (BSN)

An application technology aimed atimproving user comfort.

Devices used: Sensor node Actuator node Personal device


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Actuator Node: Acts according to data received from

sensors / through interaction with theuser.

Components similar to sensors: Actuator hardware (e.g. hardware for medicine

administration, including a reservoir to holdthe medicine)

A power unit, a processor, memory and A receiver or transceiver


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Personal Device: Gathers all the information acquired by the

sensors and actuators

Informs User (i.e. the patient, a nurse, a docetc.) via an external gateway, an actuator or adisplay/LEDS on the device.

Components: A power unit, a (large) processor, memory and a

transceiver.

Also called a Body Control Unit (BCU) , bodygateway or a sink.

E.g.: PDA


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Characteristics of BAN

Energy efficiency Simple nodes

Heterogeneous nodes Cost structure Combination of a wireless network and

a wired network


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Applications

Medical Heath Care Sports and Fitness Monitoring

Wireless Audio Mobile Device IntegrationPersonal Video Devices

Military SecurityGaming


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Medical Health Care

Medical application Vital patient data Wireless sensors Link with bedside monitor Count on 10 20 sensors

Five similar networks inrange

Minimum setup interaction Potentially wide application Total traffic / patient < 10

kbps


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Displaying Data

In Handhelddevices or PCs

Monitoring Heart rate Body temperature Sleep pattern Glucose level

Foetaldevelopment etc


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Previous Technology

Holter Monitor

Obsolete

technology Inefficient and NotUser Friendly

Lots of wires

Soon to be buried Just 24 hr battery

backup


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New Technology

Small Efficient Everything that the

latter technologywasn't

Up to 2 weeks usage.


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Fitness Monitoring

Central device is MP3 player Wireless headset included Expand functionality

Speed, distance Heart rate, respiration monitor Temperature sensor Pacing information Location information Wristwatch display unit

Etc. Total system load < 500

kbps Synchronization may go

faster


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Wearable Audio

Central device is headset Stereo audio, microphone Connected devices

Cellular phone MP3 player, PDA CD audio player AP at home Handsfree car Remote control Others

Requires priority mechanism Network load < 500 kbps


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Mobile Device Centric

Mobile terminal is centralpoint

Covers broad set of data Sensors vital, other Headset Peripheral devices Handsfree / car

Provide gateway to outside Offload sensor data, other

Requires prioritymechanism

Network load < 500 kbps


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Personal Video

Central device is video camera Camera sensor, recording, display

Stream video content SDTV,HDTV

Connect other devices Personal storage device Playback device with large display Remote beamfinder Location information (meta data) Mobile communications device

(MMS) Home media server (sync)

Total traffic load: 10 60 Mbps


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Remote Control & I/O Devices

Remote control device Increase consumer convenience Makes headset control practical Stand-alone vs shared function

Combine with wristwatch display Printers Identification, storage Wireless pen

Complement BAN functionality


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Challenges

Interoperability System Devices

System and Device level SecurityInvasion of PrivacySensor Validation

Data Consistency


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GENERAL SECURITY THREATS

Eavesdropping/Disclosure/Interception Interruption/Communication jamming

Injection and modification of data Unauthorized access


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PERSONAL DEVICE- ORIENTED

SECURITY THREATS

Stolen personal device.

Outdated Application software. Unprepared communication shutdown Misreading Input error


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Conclusions

BANs are enabling human-centricsensing for a variety of intriguingapplications in healthcare, fitness andentertainment.

But such networks must demonstrateenough value for users to overcomeinhibitions related to inconvenienceand general discomfort

Also the promise of this technologyshould not be restricted to one area.

Fitness and entertainment are taking

new directions .


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The architecture that captures bodymotion for medical assessment isequally adept at capturing bodymotion for a videogame.

New sensors will only increase thebreadth of potential applicationsand market opportunities andpropel this technology intoapplications formerly depicted only

in science fiction.


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