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Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW

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Page 1: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

Body Structures and Functions

ATS REVIEW

Page 2: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is

A. PhysiologyB. AnatomyC. PathophysiologyD. Biology

Physiology

Anatomy

Pathophysiology

Biology

25% 25%25%25%

Page 3: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

The part of a cell that condenses to form chromosomes during cell reproduction is

the ____.

A. ChromatinB. OrganelleC. CentrioleD. Nucleolus

Chromatin

Organelle

Centriole

Nucleolus

25% 25%25%25%

Page 4: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

A stack of membrane layers that produces, stores, and packages secretions for

discharge from the cell is the

A. Golgi ApparatusB. Rough ERC. LysosomeD. Perioxosome

Golgi Apparatu

s

Rough ER

Lyso

some

Perioxo

some

25% 25%25%25%

Page 5: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

The site for all chemical reactions that take place in the cell is the ____.

A. CytoplasmB. CentriomeC. NucleusD. Endoplasmic

Reticulum

Cytoplasm

Centriome

Nucleus

Endoplasmic

Reticulum

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Page 6: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

Pocket like folds in the cell membrane that allow large molecules to enter the

cell are ____.

A. Pinocytic vesiclesB. LysosomesC. MitochondriaD. Centrosomes

Pinocytic v

esicles

Lyso

somes

Mito

chondria

Centroso

mes

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Page 7: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

The area where ribosomes are manufactured in the cell is the ____.

A. NucleolusB. CentrosomeC. Golgi ApparatusD. Endoplasmic

Reticulum

Nucleolus

Centroso

me

Golgi Apparatu

s

Endoplasmic

Reticulum

25% 25%25%25%

Page 8: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

The structures that contain digestive enzymes to digest and destroy old cells

are the ____.

A. LysosomesB. MitochondriaC. CentriolesD. Pinocytic Vesicles

Lyso

somes

Mito

chondria

Centrioles

Pinocytic V

esicles

25% 25%25%25%

Page 9: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

Pouch-like structures that are found throughout the cytoplasm and filled with a

watery substance, stored food, or waste products are the

A. VacuolesB. Golgi ApparatusC. LysosomesD. Pinocytic Vesicles

Vacuoles

Golgi Apparatu

s

Lyso

somes

Pinocytic V

esicles

25% 25%25%25%

Page 10: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

The four main groups of tissues are ____.

A. Nerve, connective, muscle, epithelial

B. Epithelial, bone, blood and nerve

C. Muscle, nerve, epithelial, bone

D. Nerve, muscle, adipose, connective

Nerve, connecti

ve, m

uscle...

Epithelia

l, bone, b

lood a..

Muscl

e, nerve, e

pithelia

l...

Nerve, muscl

e, adipose

, ...

25% 25%25%25%

Page 11: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

The tissue that produces power and movement in the body is

A. MuscleB. CardiacC. ConnectiveD. Epithelial

Muscl

e

Cardiac

Connective

Epithelia

l

25% 25%25%25%

Page 12: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

The tissue that lines the intestinal and respiratory tracts and forms body

glands is ____.A. EpithelialB. AdiposeC. MuscleD. Connective

Epithelia

l

Adipose

Muscl

e

Connective

25% 25%25%25%

Page 13: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

The body system that includes the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and

bronchi is the ____.

A. DigestiveB. RespiratoryC. ImmuneD. Circulatory

Digesti

ve

Respira

tory

Immune

Circulatory

25% 25%25%25%

Page 14: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

The body system that carries some tissue fluid and wastes to the blood and

assists with fighting infection is the ____.

A. EndocrineB. LymphaticC. CirculatoryD. Urinary

Endocrine

Lymphatic

Circulatory

Urinary

25% 25%25%25%

Page 15: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

The body system that protects the body from injury, infection, and

dehydration is the ____.

A. IntegumentaryB. SkeletalC. MuscularD. Circulatory

Integumentary

Skeletal

Muscu

lar

Circulatory

25% 25%25%25%

Page 16: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

The body system that filters blood to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance in the body is the ____.

A. UrinaryB. CirculatoryC. LymphaticD. Digestive

Urinary

Circulatory

Lymphatic

Digesti

ve

25% 25%25%25%

Page 17: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

The body is in anatomic position when ____.

A. The body is facing forwardB. The arms are held away

from the sides of the body at 90 degrees

C. The palms of the hand are facing the side of the body

D. All of the above

The body is facin

g forw

ard

The arms a

re held away...

The palms o

f the hand ar..

.

All of t

he above

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Page 18: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

The horizontal plane that divides the body into a top half and a bottom half is the

A. TransverseB. MidsagittalC. FrontalD. Coronal

Transverse

Midsa

gittal

Frontal

Coronal

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Page 19: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

The body plane that divides the body into right and left sides is the

A. TransverseB. MidsagittalC. FrontalD. Coronal

Transverse

Midsa

gittal

Frontal

Coronal

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Page 20: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

Body parts in front of the frontal plane are called

A. SuperiorB. InferiorC. Ventral or anteriorD. Dorsal or posterior

Superio

r

Inferior

Ventral o

r anterio

r

Dorsal o

r poste

rior

25% 25%25%25%

Page 21: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

Body parts close to the midsagittal plane are called

A. MedialB. ProximalC. LateralD. Inferior

Medial

Proxim

al

Lateral

Inferior

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Page 22: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

Body parts close to a point of reference are ____.

A. MedialB. DistalC. ProximalD. Lateral

Medial

Distal

Proxim

al

Lateral

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Page 23: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

The body cavity located in the chest is the ____.

A. Ventral CavityB. Dorsal CavityC. Thoracic CavityD. Abdominal Cavity

Ventral C

avity

Dorsal C

avity

Thoracic

Cavity

Abdominal Cavity

25% 25%25%25%

Page 24: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

The body cavity that contains the brain and spinal cord is the

A. Spinal CavityB. Cranial CavityC. Dorsal CavityD. Ventral Cavity

Spinal C

avity

Cranial Cavit

y

Dorsal C

avity

Ventral C

avity

25% 25%25%25%

Page 25: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

The cavity for the mouth is the ____.

A. Cranial Cavity B. Oral CavityC. Buccal CavityD. Ventral Cavity

Cranial Cavit

y

Oral Cav

ity

Buccal C

avity

Ventral C

avity

25% 25%25%25%

Page 26: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

The cavity that contains the urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and the last part of the large intestine is the

A. Pelvic CavityB. Abdominal CavityC. Thoracic CavityD. Orbital Cavity

Pelvic C

avity

Abdominal Cavity

Thoracic

Cavity

Orbital C

avity

25% 25%25%25%

Page 27: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

The cavity that contains the heart, lungs, and large blood vessels is the ____.

A. Pelvic CavityB. Abdominal CavityC. Thoracic CavityD. Orbital Cavity

Pelvic C

avity

Abdominal Cavity

Thoracic

Cavity

Orbital C

avity

25% 25%25%25%

Page 28: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

The cavity that contains the eyes is the ____.

A. Pelvic CavityB. Abdominal CavityC. Thoracic CavityD. Orbital Cavity

Pelvic C

avity

Abdominal Cavity

Thoracic

Cavity

Orbital C

avity

25% 25%25%25%

Page 29: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

Which of the following statements is correct?

A. the toes are proximal to the ankles

B. the elbow is distal to the wrist

C. the nose is medial to the ears

D. the knee is lateral to the foot

the to

es are

proxim

al to t..

the elbow is

distal to

the...

the nose

is medial to

the ...

the knee is

lateral to th

e ...

25% 25%25%25%

Page 30: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

Which of the following statements is not correct if the body is in

anatomic position?A. The shoulder is proximal to the

elbow.B. The thumb is medial to the

fingers.C. The fingers are distal to the

wrist.D. The palms of the hand are

ventral.The sh

oulder is pro

ximal ..

The thumb is

medial to

th...

The fingers are dist

al to

...

The palms o

f the hand ar..

.

25% 25%25%25%

Page 31: Body Structures and Functions ATS REVIEW. The study of the processes of living organisms, or why and how they work, is A.Physiology B.Anatomy C.Pathophysiology

Furnaces or powerhouses of the cell

A. DNAB. RNAC. Smooth ERD. Mitochondria

DNARNA

Smooth

ER

Mito

chondria

25% 25%25%25%


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