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GEOMINAS, abril 2016 51

Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP 21)

Conference of the Parties lay a solid foundation for enhanced post‐2020 ambition,Stressing the urgency of accelerating the implementation

Twenty-first session of the Convention and its Kyoto Protocol in order to en-Paris, 30 November to 11 December 2015 hance pre-2020 ambition,

Agenda item 4(b) Recognizing the urgent need to enhance the provision of fi-Durban Platform for Enhanced Action (decision nance, technology and capacity-building support by devel-

1/CP.17) Adoption of a protocol, another legal instru- oped country Parties, in a predictable manner, to enable en-ment, or an agreed outcome with legal force under the hanced pre-2020 action by developing country Parties,Convention applicable to all Parties Emphasizing the enduring benefits of ambitious and early

action, including major reductions in the cost of future miti-ADOPTION OF THE PARIS AGREEMENT gation and adaptation efforts,

Acknowledging the need to promote universal access toProposal by the President sustainable energy in developing countries, in particular inDraft decision -/CP.21 Africa, through the enhanced deployment of renewable en-The Conference of the Parties, ergy,Recalling decision 1/CP.17 on the establishment of the Ad Agreeing to uphold and promote regional and internationalHoc Working Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced cooperation in order to mobilize stronger and more ambi-

Action, tious climate action by all Parties and non-Party stake- Also recalling Articles 2, 3 and 4 of the Convention, holders, including civil society, the private sector, financialFurther recalling relevant decisions of the Conference of institutions, cities and other subnational authorities, localthe Parties, including decisions 1/CP.16, 2/CP.18, 1/CP.19 communities and indigenous peoples,

and 1/CP.20, I. ADOPTIONWelcoming the adoption of United Nations General Assem- 1. Decides to adopt the Paris Agreement under thebly resolution A/RES/70/1, “Transforming our world: the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”, in particular Change (hereinafter referred to as “the Agreement”) as con-its goal 13, and the adoption of the Addis Ababa Action tained in the annex;

Agenda of the third International Conference on Financing 2. Requests the Secretary-General of the United Nationsfor Development and the adoption of the Sendai Frame- to be the Depositary of the Agreement and to have it openwork for Disaster Risk Reduction, for signature in New York, United States of America, fromRecognizing that climate change represents an urgent and 22 April 2016 to 21 April 2017;potentially irreversible threat to human societies and the 3. Invites the Secretary-General to convene a high-levelplanet and thus requires the widest possible cooperation by signature ceremony for the Agreement on 22 April 2016;all countries, and their participation in an effective and ap- 4. Also invites all Parties to the Convention to sign thepropriate international response, with a view to accelerat- Agreement at the ceremony to be convened by the Secre-ing the reduction of global greenhouse gas emissions, tary-General, or at their earliest opportunity, and to deposit

Also recognizing that deep reductions in global emissions their respective instruments of ratification, acceptance, ap-

will be required in order to achieve the ultimate objective of proval or accession, where appropriate, as soon as possi-the Convention and emphasizing the need for urgency in ble;addressing climate change, 5. Recognizes that Parties to the Convention may provi-

Acknowledging sionally apply all of the provisions of the Agreement pend- Parties should, when taking action to ad- ing its entry into force, and requests Parties to provide noti-

dress climate change, respect, promote and consider their fication of any such provisional application to the Deposi-respective obligations on human rights, the right to health, tary;the rights of indigenous peoples, local communities, mi- 6. Notes that the work of the Ad Hoc Working Group on thegrants, children, persons with disabilities and people in vul- Durban Platform for Enhanced Action, in accordance withnerable situations and the right to development, as well as decision 1/CP.17, paragraph 4, has been completed;gender equality, empowerment of women and 7. Decides to establish the Ad Hoc Working Group on theintergenerational equity, Paris Agreement under the same arrangement, mutatis mu-

Also tandis, as those concerning the election of officers to the Bu- reau of the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Durban Platform

1for Enhanced Action;

8. Also decides that the Ad Hoc Working Group on theEmphasizing with serious concern the urgent need to ad- Paris Agreement shall prepare for the entry into force of thedress the significant gap between the aggregate effect of Agreement and for the convening of the first session of theParties' mitigation pledges in terms of global annual emis- Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Par-sions of greenhouse gases by 2020 and aggregate emis- ties to the Paris Agreement;sion pathways consistent with holding the increase in the 9. Further decides to oversee the implementation of theglobal average temperature to well below 2 °C above pre- work programme resulting from the relevant requests con-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit the tempera- tained in this decision;ture increase to 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels, 10. Requests the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Paris

Also emphasizing that enhanced pre‐2020 ambition can Agreement to report regularly to the Conference of the Par-ties on the progress of its work and to complete its work bythe first session of the Conference of the Parties serving as

that climate change is a common concernof humankind,

acknowledging the specific needs and concerns of de-veloping country Parties arising from the impact of the im-plementation of response measures and, in this regard, de-cisions 5/CP.7, 1/CP.10, 1/CP.16 and 8/CP.17,

Framework Convention on Climate Change

1Endorsed by decision 2/CP.18, paragraph 2.


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the meeting of the Parties to the Paris industrial levels by reducing emissions months in advance of the relevant Agreement; to 40 gigatonnes or to 1.5 ˚C above meeting of the Conference of the Par-11. Decides that the Ad Hoc Working pre-industrial levels by reducing to a ties serving as the meeting of the Par-Group on the Paris Agreement shall level to be identified in the special re- ties to the Paris Agreement with a viewhold its sessions starting in 2016 in port referred to in paragraph 21 below; to facilitating the clarity, transparencyconjunction with the sessions of the 18. Also notes, in this context, the ad- and understanding of these contribu-Convention subsidiary bodies and aptation needs expressed by many de- tions, including through a synthesis re-shall prepare draft decisions to be rec- veloping country Parties in their in- port prepared by the secretariat;ommended through the Conference of tended nationally determined contri- 26. Requests the Ad Hoc Workingthe Parties to the Conference of the butions; Group on the Paris Agreement to de-

Parties serving as the meeting of the 19.Requests the secretariat to update velop further guidance on features ofParties to the Paris Agreement for con- the synthesis report referred to in para- the nationally determined contribu-sideration and adoption at its first ses- graph 16 above so as to cover all the in- tions for consideration and adoptionsion; formation in the intended nationally de- by the Conference of the Parties serv-II. I N T E N D E D N AT I O N A L LY termined contributions communicated ing as the meeting of the Parties to theDETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS by Parties pursuant to decision Paris Agreement at its first session;12. Welcomes the intended nationally 1/CP.20 by 4 April 2016 and to make it 27. Agrees that the information to bedetermined contributions that have available by 2 May 2016; provided by Parties communicatingbeen communicated by Parties in ac- 20.Decides to convene a facilitative di- their nationally determined contribu-cordance with decision 1/CP.19, para- alogue among Parties in 2018 to take tions, in order to facilitate clarity, trans-graph 2(b); stock of the collective efforts of Parties parency and understanding, may in-13.Reiterates its invitation to all Par- in relation to progress towards the clude, as appropriate, inter alia, quan-ties that have not yet done so to com- long-term goal referred to in Article 4, tifiable information on the referencemunicate to the secretariat their in- paragraph 1, of the Agreement and to point (including, as appropriate, atended nationally determined contri- inform the preparation of nationally de- base year), time frames and/or peri-

butions towards achieving the objec- termined contributions pursuant to Arti- ods for implementation, scope and cov-tive of the Convention as set out in its cle 4, paragraph 8, of the Agreement; erage, planning processes, assump-

Article 2 as soon as possible and well 21.Invites the Intergovernmental tions and methodological approachesin advance of the twenty-second ses- Panel on Climate Change to provide a including those for estimating and ac-sion of the Conference of the Parties special report in 2018 on the impacts counting for anthropogenic green-(November 2016) and in a manner that of global warming of 1.5 °C above pre- house gas emissions and, as appro-facilitates the clarity, transparency and industrial levels and related global priate, removals, and how the Partyunderstanding of the intended nation- greenhouse gas emission pathways; considers that its nationally deter-ally determined contributions; III. DECISIONS TO GIVE EFFECT mined contribution is fair and ambi-14. Requests the secretariat to con- TO THE AGREEMENT tious, in the light of its national circum-tinue to publish the intended nationally MITIGATION stances, and how it contributes to-determined contributions communi- 22. Invites Parties to communicate wards achieving the objective of thecated by Parties on the UNFCCC their first nationally determined contri- Convention as set out in its Article 2;website; bution no later than when the Party 28. Requests the Ad Hoc Working15. Reiterates its call to developed submits its respective instrument of rat- Group on the Paris Agreement to de-

country Parties, the operating entities ification, accession, or approval of the velop further guidance for the informa-of the Financial Mechanism and any Paris Agreement. If a Party has com- tion to be provided by Parties in orderother organizations in a position to do municated an intended nationally de- to facilitate clarity, transparency andso to provide support for the prepara- termined contribution prior to joining understanding of nationally deter-tion and communication of the in- the Agreement, that Party shall be con- mined contributions for considerationtended nationally determined contri- sidered to have satisfied this provision and adoption by the Conference of thebutions of Parties that may need such unless that Party decides otherwise; Parties serving as the meeting of thesupport; 23. Urges those Parties whose in- Parties to the Paris Agreement at its16. Takes note of the synthesis report tended nationally determined contri- first session;on the aggregate effect of intended na- bution pursuant to decision 1/CP.20 29. Also requests the Subsidiarytionally determined contributions com- contains a time frame up to 2025 to Body for Implementation to developmunicated by Parties by 1 October communicate by 2020 a new nation- modalities and procedures for the oper-20 15 , cont ai ne d in do cu ment ally determined contribution and to do ation and use of the public registry re-FCCC/CP/2015/7; so every five years thereafter pursuant ferred to in Article 4, paragraph 12, of17.Notes with concern that the esti- to Article 4, paragraph 9, of the Agree- the Agreement, for consideration and

mated aggregate greenhouse gas ment; adoption by the Conference of the Par-emission levels in 2025 and 2030 re- 24. Requests those Parties whose in- ties serving as the meeting of the Par-sulting from the intended nationally de- tended nationally determined contri- ties to the Paris Agreement at its firsttermined contributions do not fall bution pursuant to decision 1/CP.20 session;within least-cost 2 ˚C scenarios but contains a time frame up to 2030 to 30. Further requests the secretariatrather lead to a projected level of 55 communicate or update by 2020 these to make available an interim public reg-gigatonnes in 2030, and also notes contributions and to do so every five istry in the first half of 2016 for the re-that much greater emission reduction years thereafter pursuant to Article 4, cording of nationally determined con-efforts will be required than those asso- paragraph 9, of the Agreement; tributions submitted in accordanceciated with the intended nationally de- 25. Decides that Parties shall submit with Article 4 of the Agreement, pend-termined contributions in order to hold to the secretariat their nationally deter- ing the adoption by the Conference ofthe increase in the global average tem- mined contributions referred to in Arti- the Parties serving as the meeting ofperature to below 2 ˚C above pre- cle 4 of the Agreement at least 9 to 12 the Parties to the Paris Agreement of

52 GEOMINAS, Vol. 44, N° 69, abril 2016

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the modalities and procedures referred to in paragraph 29 38. Recommends that the Conference of the Parties serv-above; ing as the meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement31. Requests the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Paris adopt rules, modalities and procedures for the mechanism

Agreement to elaborate, drawing from approaches estab- established by Article 6, paragraph 4, of the Agreement onlished under the Convention and its related legal instru- the basis of:ments as appropriate, guidance for accounting for Parties' (a) Voluntary participation authorized by each Party in-nationally determined contributions, as referred to in Article volved;4, paragraph 13, of the Agreement, for consideration and (b) Real, measurable, and long-term benefits related toadoption by the Conference of the Parties serving as the the mitigation of climatemeeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement at its first ses- change;sion, which ensures that: (c) Specific scopes of activities;(a) Parties account for anthropogenic emissions and re- (d) Reductions in emissions that are additional tomovals in accordance with methodologies and common any that would otherwise occur;metrics assessed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Cli- (e) Verification and certification of emission reductions re-mate Change and adopted by the Conference of the Par- sulting from mitigation activities by designated operationalties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Paris entities;

Agreement; (f) Experience gained with and lessons learned from ex-(b) Parties ensure methodological consistency, including isting mechanisms and approaches adopted under theon baselines, between the communication and implemen- Convention and its related legal instruments;tation of nationally determined contributions; 39. Requests the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Tech-(c) Parties strive to include all categori es of nological Advice to develop and recommend rules, modali-anthropogenic emissions or removals in their nationally de- ties and procedures for the mechanism referred to in para-termined contributions and, once a source, sink or activity graph 38 above for consideration and adoption by the Con-is included, continue to include it; ference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties(d) Parties shall provide an explanation of why any cate- to the Paris Agreement at its first session;gories of anthropogenic emissions or removals are ex- 40. Also requests the Subsidiary Body for Scientific andcluded; Technological Advice to undertake a work programme un-32. Decides that Parties shall apply the guidance men- der the framework for non-market approaches to sustain-tioned in paragraph 31 above to the second and subse- able development referred to in Article 6, paragraph 8, ofquent nationally determined contributions and that Parties the Agreement, with the objective of considering how to en-may elect to apply such guidance to their first nationally de- hance linkages and create synergy between, inter alia, miti-termined contribution; gation, adaptation, finance, technology transfer and capac-33. Also decides that the Forum on the Impact of the Im- ity-building, and how to facilitate the implementation and co-plementation of response measures, under the subsidiary ordination of non-market approaches;bodies, shall continue, and shall serve the Agreement; 41. Further requests the Subsidiary Body for Scientific34. Further decides that the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice to recommend a draft decisionand Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Im- on the work programme referred to in paragraph 40 above,plementation shall recommend, for consideration and adop- taking into account the views of Parties, for considerationtion by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meet- and adoption by the Conference of the Parties serving asing of the Parties to the Paris Agreement at its first session, the meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement at its first

the modalities, work programme and functions of the Fo- session;rum on the Impact of the Implementation of response mea- ADAPTATION sures to address the effects of the implementation of re- 42. Requests the Adaptation Committee and the Leastsponse measures under the Agreement by enhancing co- Developed Countries Expert Group to jointly develop mo-operation amongst Parties on understanding the impacts dalities to recognize the adaptation efforts of developingof mitigation actions under the Agreement and the ex- country Parties, as referred to in Article 7, paragraph 3, ofchange of information, experiences, and best practices the Agreement, and make recommendations for consider-amongst Parties to raise their resilience to these impacts;* ation and adoption by the Conference of the Parties serving36. Invites Parties to communicate, by 2020, to the secre- as the meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement at itstariat mid-century, long-term low greenhouse gas emission first session;development strategies in accordance with Article 4, para- 43. Also requests the Adaptation Committee, taking intograph 19, of the Agreement, and requests the secretariat to account its mandate and its second three-year workplan,publish on the UNFCCC website Parties' low greenhouse and with a view to preparing recommendations for consid-gas emission development strategies as communicated; eration and adoption by the Conference of the Parties serv-37. Requests the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Tech- ing as the meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement at

nological Advice to develop and recommend the guidance its first session:referred to under Article 6, paragraph 2, of the Agreement (a) To review, in 2017, the work of adaptation-related in-for adoption by the Conference of the Parties serving as the stitutional arrangements under the Convention, with a viewmeeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement at its first ses- to identifying ways to enhance the coherence of their work,sion, including guidance to ensure that double counting is as appropriate, in order to respond adequately to the needsavoided on the basis of a corresponding adjustment by Par- of Parties;ties for both anthropogenic emissions by sources and re- (b) To consider methodologies for assessing adaptationmovals by sinks covered by their nationally determined con- needs with a view to assisting developing countries, with-tributions under the Agreement; out placing an undue burden on them;

53GEOMINAS, abril 2016


* Paragraph 35 has been deleted, and subsequent paragraph numbering and cross references to other paragraphswithin the document will be amended at a later stage.


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44. Invites all relevant United Na- the Convention including the Adapta- ties;tions agencies and international, re- tion Committee and the Least Devel- 56. Decides to initiate, at its twenty-gional and national financial institu- oped Countries Expert Group, as well second session, a process to identifytions to provide information to Parties as relevant organizations and expert the information to be provided by Par-through the secretariat on how their de- bodies outside the Convention, to de- ties, in accordance with Article 9, para-velopment assistance and climate fi- velop recommendations for integrated graph 5, of the Agreement with thenance programmes incorporate cli- approaches to avert, minimize and ad- view to providing a recommendationmate-proofing and climate resilience dress displacement related to the ad- for consideration and adoption by themeasures; verse impacts of climate change; Conference of the Parties serving as45. Requests Parties to strengthen 51. Further requests the Executive the meeting of the Parties to the Paris

regional cooperation on adaptation Committee of the Warsaw Interna- Agreement at its first session;where appropriate and, where neces- tional Mechanism to initiate its work, at 57. Also decides to ensure that thesary, establish regional centres and its next meeting, to operationalize the provision of information in accordancenetworks, in particular in developing provisions referred to in paragraphs with Article 9, paragraph 7 of thecountries, taking into account decision 49 and 50 above, and to report on prog- Agreement shall be undertaken in ac-1/CP.16, paragraph 13; ress thereon in its annual report; cordance with modalities, procedures46. Also requests the Adaptation 52. Agrees that Article 8 of the Agree- and guidelines referred to in para-Committee and the Least Developed ment does not involve or provide a ba- graph 96 below;Countries Expert Group, in collabora- sis for any liability or compensation; 58. Requests Subsidiary Body fortion with the Standing Committee on Fi- FINANCE Scientific and Technological Advice tonance and other relevant institutions, 53. Decides that, in the implementa- develop modalities for the accountingto develop methodologies, and make tion of the Agreement, financial re- of financial resources provided andrecommendations for consideration sources provided to developing coun- mobilized through public interventionsand adoption by the Conference of the tries should enhance the implementa- in accordance with Article 9, para-Parties serving as the meeting of the tion of their policies, strategies, regula- graph 7, of the Agreement for consid-

Parties to the Paris Agreement at its tions and action plans and their cli- eration by the Conference of the Par-first session on: mate change actions with respect to ties at its twenty-fourth session (No-(a) Taking the necessary steps to fa- both mitigation and adaptation to con- vember 2018), with the view to makingcilitate the mobilization of support for tribute to the achievement of the pur- a recommendation for considerationadaptation in developing countries in pose of the Agreement as defined in Ar- and adoption by the Conference of thethe context of the limit to global aver- ticle 2; Parties serving as the meeting of theage temperature increase referred to 54. Also decides that, in accordance Parties to the Paris Agreement at itsin Article 2 of the Agreement; with Article 9, paragraph 3, of the first session;(b) Reviewing the adequacy and ef- Agreement, developed countries in- 59. Decides that the Green Climatefectiveness of adaptation and support tend to continue their existing collec- Fund and the Global Environment Fa-referred to in Article 7, paragraph tive mobilization goal through 2025 in cility, the entities entrusted with the op-14(c), of the Agreement; the context of meaningful mitigation ac- eration of the Financial Mechanism of47. Further requests the Green Cli- tions and transparency on implemen- the Convention, as well as the Leastmate Fund to expedite support for the tation; prior to 2025 the Conference of Developed Countries Fund and theleast developed countries and other the Parties serving as the meeting of Special Climate Change Fund, admin-

developing country Parties for the for- the Parties to the Paris Agreement istered by the Global Environment Fa-mulation of national adaptation plans, shall set a new collective quantified cility, shall serve the Agreement;consistent with decisions 1/CP.16 and goal from a floor of USD 100 billion per 60. Recognizes that the Adaptation5/CP.17, and for the subsequent im- year, taking into account the needs Fund may serve the Agreement, sub-plementation of policies, projects and and priorities of developing countries; ject to relevant decisions by the Con-programmes identified by them; 55. Recognizes the importance of ad- ference of the Parties serving as theLOSS AND DAMAGE equate and predictable financial re- meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Pro-48. Decides on the continuation of sources, including for results-based tocol and the Conference of the Par-the Warsaw International Mechanism payments, as appropriate, for the im- ties serving as the meeting of the Par-for Loss and Damage associated with plementation of policy approaches ties to the Paris Agreement;Climate Change Impacts, following and positive incentives for reducing 61. Invites the Conference of the Par-the review in 2016; emissions from deforestation and for- ties serving as the meeting of the Par-49. Requests the Executive Commit- est degradation, and the role of con- ties to the Kyoto Protocol to considertee of the Warsaw International Mech- servation, sustainable management of the issue referred to in paragraph 60anism to establish a clearinghouse for forests and enhancement of forest car- above and make a recommendation to

risk transfer that serves as a repository bon stocks; as well as alternative pol- the Conference of the Parties servingfor information on insurance and risk icy approaches, such as joint mitiga- as the meeting of the Parties to thetransfer, in order to facilitate the efforts tion and adaptation approaches for the Paris Agreement at its first session;of Parties to develop and implement integral and sustainable management 62. Recommends that the Confer-comprehensive risk management of forests; while reaffirming the impor- ence of the Parties serving as the meet-strategies; tance of non-carbon benefits associ- ing of the Parties to the Paris Agree-50. Also requests the Executive Com- ated with such approaches; encourag- ment shall provide guidance to the enti-mittee of the Warsaw International ing the coordination of support from, ties entrusted with the operation of theMechanism to establish, according to inter alia, public and private, bilateral Financial Mechanism of the Conven-its procedures and mandate, a task and multilateral sources, such as the tion on the policies, programme priori-force to complement, draw upon the Green Climate Fund, and alternative ties and eligibility criteria related to thework of and involve, as appropriate, ex- sources in accordance with relevant Agreement for transmission by theisting bodies and expert groups under decisions by the Conference of the Par- Conference of the Parties;



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63. Decides that the guidance to the entities entrusted ferred to in paragraph 70 above, taking into account the re-with the operations of the Financial Mechanism of the Con- view of the Climate Technology Centre and Network as re-vention in relevant decisions of the Conference of the Par- ferred to in decision 2/CP.17, annex VII, paragraph 20 andties, including those agreed before adoption of the Agree- the modalities for the global stocktake referred to in Articlement, shall apply mutatis mutandis; 14 of the Agreement, for consideration and adoption by the64. Also decides that the Standing Committee on Fi- Conference of the Parties at its twenty-fifth session (No-nance shall serve the Agreement in line with its functions vember 2019);and responsibilities established under the Conference of CAPACITY-BUILDINGthe Parties; 72. Decides to establish the Paris Committee on Capac-65. Urges the institutions serving the Agreement to en- ity-building whose aim will be to address gaps and needs,

hance the coordination and delivery of resources to sup- both current and emerging, in implementing capacity-port country-driven strategies through simplified and effi- building in developing country Parties and further enhanc-cient application and approval procedures, and through ing capacity-building efforts, including with regard to coher-continued readiness support to developing country Parties, ence and coordination in capacity-building activities underincluding the least developed countries and small island de- the Convention;veloping States, as appropriate; 73. Also decides that the Paris Committee on Capacity-TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSFER building will manage and oversee the work plan mentioned66. Takes note of the interim report of the Technology Ex- in paragraph 74 below;ecutive Committee on guidance on enhanced implementa- 74. Further decides to launch a work plan for the periodtion of the results of technology needs assessments as re- 2016–2020 with the following activities:ferred to in document FCCC/SB/2015/INF.3; (a) Assessing how to increase synergies through coop-67. Decides to strengthen the Technology Mechanism eration and avoid duplication among existing bodies estab-and requests the Technology Executive Committee and the lished under the Convention that implement capacity-Climate Technology Centre and Network, in supporting the building activities, including through collaborating with in-implementation of the Agreement, to undertake further stitutions under and outside the Convention;

work relating to, inter alia: (b) Identifying capacity gaps and needs and recom-(a) Technology research, development and demonstra- mending ways to addresstion; them;(b) The development and enhancement of endog- (c) Promoting the development and dissemination ofenous capacities and technologies; tools and methodologies for the implementation of capac-68. Requests the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Tech- ity-building;nological Advice to initiate, at its forty-fourth session (May (d) Fostering global, regional, national and subnational2016), the elaboration of the technology framework estab- cooperation;lished under Article 10, paragraph 4, of the Agreement and (e) Identifying and collecting good practices, challenges,to report on its findings to the Conference of the Parties, experiences, and lessons learned from work on capacity-with a view to the Conference of the Parties making a rec- building by bodies established under the Convention;ommendation on the framework to the Conference of the (f) Exploring how developing country Parties can takeParties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Paris ownership of building and maintaining capacity over time

Agreement for consideration and adoption at its first ses- and space;sion, taking into consideration that the framework should fa- (g) Identifying opportunities to strengthen capacity at the

cilitate, inter alia: national, regional, and subnational level;(a) The undertaking and updating of technology needs (h) Fostering dialogue, coordination, collaboration andassessments, as well as the enhanced implementation of coherence among relevant processes and initiatives undertheir results, particularly technology action plans and pro- the Convention, including through exchanging information

ject ideas, through the preparation of bankable projects; on capacity-building activities and strategies of bodies es-(b) The provision of enhanced financial and technical sup- tablished under the Convention;port for the implementation of the results of the technology (i) Providing guidance to the secretariat on the mainte-needs assessments; nance and further development of the web-based capacity-(c) The assessment of technologies that are ready for building portal;transfer; 75. Decides that the Paris Committee on Capacity-(d) The enhancement of enabling environments for and building will annually focus on an area or theme related tothe addressing of barriers to the development and transfer enhanced technical exchange on capacity-building, withof socially and environmentally sound technologies; the purpose of maintaining up-to-date knowledge on the69. Decides that the Technology Executive Committee successes and challenges in building capacity effectively inand the Climate Technology Centre and Network shall re- a particular area;

port to the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting 76. Requests the Subsidiary Body for Implementation toof the Parties to the Paris Agreement, through the subsid- organize annual in-session meetings of the Paris Commit-iary bodies, on their activities to support the implementation tee on Capacity-building;of the Agreement; 77. Also requests the Subsidiary Body for Implementa-70. Also decides to undertake a periodic assessment of tion to develop the terms of reference for the Paris Commit-the effectiveness of and the adequacy of the support pro- tee on Capacity-building, in the context of the third compre-vided to the Technology Mechanism in supporting the im- hensive review of the implementation of the capacity-plementation of the Agreement on matters relating to tech- building framework, also taking into account paragraphsnology development and transfer; 75, 76, 77 and 78 above and paragraphs 82 and 83 below,71. Requests the Subsidiary Body for Implementation to with a view to recommending a draft decision on this matterinitiate, at its forty-fourth session , the elaboration of the for consideration and adoption by the Conference of thescope of and modalities for the periodic assessment re- Parties at its twenty-second session;


2Parties should submit their views via the submissions portal at .


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78.Invites Parties to submit their TRANSPARENCY OF ACTION AND ferred to in Article 13, paragraphs 7, 8,views on the membership of the SUPPORT 9 and 10, as appropriate, no less fre-Paris Committee on Capacity- 85. Decides to establish a Capacity- quently than on a biennial basis, and

2 building Initiative for Transparency in that the least developed country Par-building by 9 March 2016;order to build institutional and techni- ties and small island developing79.Requests the secretariat to com-cal capacity, both pre- and post-2020. States may submit this information atpile the submissions referred to inThis initiative will support developing their discretion;paragraph 78 above into a miscella-country Parties, upon request, in meet- 92. Requests the Ad Hoc Workingneous document for considerationing enhanced transparency require- Group on the Paris Agreement to de-by the Subsidiary Body for Imple-ments as defined in Article 13 of the velop recommendations for modali-mentation at its forty-fourth session;

Agreement in a timely manner; ties, procedures and guidelines in ac-80. Decides that the inputs to the86. Also decides that the Capacity- cordance with Article 13, paragraphParis Committee on Capacity-buildingbuilding Initiative for Transparency will 13, of the Agreement, and to define thewill include, inter alia, submissions,aim: year of their first and subsequent re-the outcome of the third comprehen-(a) To strengthen national institu- view and update, as appropriate, atsive review of the implementation oftions for transparency-related activi- regular intervals, for consideration bythe capacity-building framework, theties in line with national priorities; the Conference of the Parties, at itssecretariat's annual synthesis report(b) To provide relevant tools, training twenty-fourth session, with a view toon the implementation of the frame-and assistance for meeting the provi- forwarding them to the Conference ofwork for capacity-building in develop-sions stipulated in Article 13 of the the Parties serving as the meeting ofing countries, the secretariat's compi-

Agreement; the Parties to the Paris Agreement forlation and synthesis report on capac-(c) To assist in the improvement of adoption at its first session;ity-building work of bodies establishedtransparency over time; 93. Also requests the Ad Hoc Work-under the Convention and its Kyoto87. Urges and requests the Global ing Group on the Paris Agreement inProtocol, and reports on the DurbanEnvironment Facility to make arrange- developing the recommendations forForum and the capacity-building por-

ments to support the establishment the modalities, procedures and guide-tal;and operation of the Capacity-building lines referred to in paragraph 92 above81. Requests the Paris CommitteeInitiative for Transparency as a priority to take into account, inter alia:on Capacity-building to prepare an-reporting-related need, including (a) The importance of facilitatingnual technical progress reports on itsthrough voluntary contributions to sup- improved reporting and transpar-work, and to make these reports avail-port developing countries in the sixth ency over time;able at the sessions of the Subsidiaryreplenishment of the Global Environ- (b) The need to provide flexibility toBody for Implementation coincidingment Facility and future replenishment those developing country Parties thatwith the sessions of the Conference ofcycles, to complement existing sup- need it in the light of their capacities;the Parties;port under the Global Environment Fa- (c) The need to promote transpar-82. Also requests the Conference ofcility; ency, accuracy, completeness, con-the Parties at its twenty-fifth session88. Decides to assess the imple- sistency, and comparability;(November 2019), to review the prog-mentation of the Capacity-building Ini- (d) The need to avoid duplication asress, need for extension, the effective-tiative for Transparency in the context well as undue burden on Parties andness and enhancement of the Parisof the seventh review of the financial the secretariat;Committee on Capacity-building and

mechanism; (e) The need to ensure that Partiesto take any action it considers appro-89. Requests that the Global Envi- maintain at least the frequency andpriate, with a view to making recom-ronment Facility, as an operating entity quality of reporting in accordance withmendations to the Conference of theof the financial mechanism include in their respective obligations under theParties serving as the meeting of theits annual report to the Conference of Convention;Parties to the Paris Agreement at itsthe Parties the progress of work in the (f) The need to ensure that doublefirst session on enhancing institutionaldesign, development and implemen- counting is avoided;arrangements for capacity-buildingtation of the Capacity-building Initia- (g) The need to ensure environmen-consistent with Article 11, paragraph 5,tive for Transparency referred to in tal integrity;of the Agreement;paragraph 85 above starting in 2016; 94. Further requests the Ad Hoc83. Calls upon all Parties to ensure90. Decides that, in accordance with Working Group on the Paris Agree-that education, training and public

Article 13, paragraph 2, of the Agree- ment, when developing the modalities,awareness, as reflected in Article 6 ofment, developing countries shall be procedures and guidelines referred tothe Convention and in Article 12 of theprovided flexibility in the implementa- in paragraph 92 above, to draw on the Agreement are adequately consid-tion of the provisions of that Article, in- experiences from and take into ac-ered in their contribution to capacity-

cluding in the scope, frequency and count other on-going relevant pro-building; level of detail of reporting, and in the cesses under the Convention;84. Invites the Conference of the Par-scope of review, and that the scope of 95. Requests the Ad Hoc Workingties serving as the meeting of the Par-review could provide for in-country re- Group on the Paris Agreement, whenties to the Paris Agreement at its firstviews to be optional, while such developing modalities, proceduressession to explore ways of enhancingflexibilities shall be reflected in the de- and guidelines referred to in para-the implementation of training, publicvelopment of modalities, procedures graph 92 above, to consider, inter alia:awareness, public participation andand guidelines referred to in para- (a) The types of flexibility availablepublic access to information so as tograph 92 below; to those developing countries thatenhance actions under the Agree-91. Also decides that all Parties, ex- need it on the basis of their capacities;ment;cept for the least developed country (b) The consistency between theParties and small island developing methodology communicated in the na-States, shall submit the information re- tionally determined contribution and



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the methodology for reporting on progress made towards 102. Further requests the Ad Hoc Working Group on theachieving individual Parties' respective nationally deter- Paris Agreement to develop modalities for the globalmined contribution; stocktake referred to in Article 14 of the Agreement and to(c) That Parties report information on adaptation action report to the Conference of the Parties, with a view to mak-and planning including, if appropriate, their national adap- ing a recommendation to the Conference of the Partiestation plans, with a view to collectively exchanging informa- serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agree-tion and sharing lessons learned; ment for consideration and adoption at its first session;(d) Support provided, enhancing delivery of support for FACILITATING IMPLEMENTATION AND COMPLIANCE both adaptation and mitigation through, inter alia, the com- 103. Decides that the committee referred to in Article 15,mon tabular formats for reporting support, and taking into paragraph 2, of the Agreement shall consist of 12 members

account issues considered by the Subsidiary Body for Sci- with recognized competence in relevant scientific, techni-entific and Technological Advice on methodologies for re- cal, socio-economic or legal fields, to be elected by the Con-porting on financial information, and enhancing the report- ference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Partiesing by developing countries on support received, including to the Paris Agreement on the basis of equitable geograph-the use, impact and estimated results thereof; ical representation, with two members each from the five re-(e) Information in the biennial assessments and other regional groups of the United Nations and one member eachports of the Standing Committee on Finance and other rele- from the small island developing States and the least de-vant bodies under the Convention; veloped countries, while taking into account the goal of gen-(f) Information on the social and economic impact of re- der balance;sponse measures; 104. Requests the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Paris96. Also requests the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Paris Agreement to develop the modalities and procedures for

Agreement, when developing recommendations for mo- the effective operation of the committee referred to in Arti-dalities, procedures and guidelines referred to in para- cle 15, paragraph 2, of the Agreement, with a view to the Adgraph 92 above, to enhance the transparency of support Hoc Working Group on the Paris Agreement completing itsprovided in accordance with Article 9 of the Agreement; work on such modalities and procedures for consideration

97. Further requests the Ad Hoc Working Group on the and adoption by the Conference of the Parties serving asParis Agreement to report on the progress of work on the the meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement at its firstmodalities, procedures and guidelines referred to in para- session;graph 92 above to future sessions of the Conference of the FINAL CLAUSESParties, and that this work be concluded no later than 2018; 105. Also requests the secretariat, solely for the purposes98. Decides that the modalities, procedures and guide- of Article 21 of the Agreement, to make available on itslines developed under paragraph 92 above, shall be ap- website on the date of adoption of the Agreement as well asplied upon the entry into force of the Paris Agreement; in the report of the Conference of the Parties at its twenty-99. Also decides that the modalities, procedures and first session, information on the most up-to-date total andguidelines of this transparency framework shall build upon per cent of greenhouse gas emissions communicated byand eventually supersede the measurement, reporting and Parties to the Convention in their national communications,verification system established by decision 1/CP.16, para- greenhouse gas inventory reports, biennial reports or bien-graphs 40 to 47 and 60 to 64, and decision 2/CP.17, para- nial update reports;graphs 12 to 62, immediately following the submission of IV. ENHANCED ACTION PRIOR TO 2020the final biennial reports and biennial update reports; 106. Resolves to ensure the highest possible mitigation ef-

GLOBAL STOCKTAKE forts in the pre-2020 period, including by:100. Requests the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Paris (a) Urging all Parties to the Kyoto Protocol that have not Agreement to identify the sources of input for the global already done so to ratify and implement the Doha Amend-stocktake referred to in Article 14 of the Agreement and to ment to the Kyoto Protocol;report to the Conference of the Parties, with a view to the (b) Urging all Parties that have not already done so toConference of the Parties making a recommendation to the make and implement a mitigation pledge under the CancunConference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Par- Agreements;ties to the Paris Agreement for consideration and adoption (c) Reiterating its resolve, as set out in decision 1/CP.19,at its first session, including, but not limited to: paragraphs 3 and 4, to accelerate the full implementation of(a) Information on: the decisions constituting the agreed outcome pursuant to(i) The overall effect of the nationally determined contri- decision 1/CP.13 and enhance ambition in the pre-2020 pe-butions communicated by Parties; riod in order to ensure the highest possible mitigation ef-(ii) The state of adaptation efforts, support, experiences forts under the Convention by all Parties;and priorities from the communications referred to in Article (d) Inviting developing country Parties that have not sub-7, paragraphs 10 and 11, of the Agreement, and reports re- mitted their first biennial update reports to do so as soon as

ferred to in Article 13, paragraph 7, of the Agreement; possible;(iii) The mobilization and provision of support; (e) Urging all Parties to participate in the existing mea-(b) The latest reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on surement, reporting and verification processes under theClimate Change; Cancun Agreements, in a timely manner, with a view to(c) Reports of the subsidiary bodies; demonstrating progress made in the implementation of101. Also requests the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and their mitigation pledges;Technological Advice to provide advice on how the assess- 107. Encourages Parties to promote the voluntary cancel-ments of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change lation by Party and non-Party stakeholders, without doublecan inform the global stocktake of the implementation of counting of units issued under the Kyoto Protocol, includingthe Agreement pursuant to its Article 14 of the Agreement certified emission reductions that are valid for the secondand to report on this matter to the Ad Hoc Working Group on commitment period;the Paris Agreement at its second session; 108. Urges host and purchasing Parties to report transpar-

ently on internationally transferred mitigation outcomes, in-



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cluding outcomes used to meet inter- progress in the implementation of poli- while significantly increasing adapta-national pledges, and emission units cies, practices and actions identified tion finance from current levels and toissued under the Kyoto Protocol with a during the technical examination pro- further provide appropriate technol-view to promoting environmental in- cess; ogy and capacity-building support;tegrity and avoiding double counting; 112. Requests the secretariat to orga- 116. Decides to conduct a facilitative109. Recognizes the social, eco- nize the process referred to in para- dialogue in conjunction with thenomic and environmental value of vol- graph 110 above and disseminate its twenty-second session of the Confer-untary mitigation actions and their co- results, including by: ence of the Parties to assess the prog-benefits for adaptation, health and sus- (a) Organizing, in consultation with ress in implemen ting deci siontainable development; the Technology Executive Committee 1/CP.19, paragraphs 3 and 4, and iden-

110. Resolves to strengthen, in the pe- and relevant expert organizations, reg- tify relevant opportunities to enhanceriod 2016–2020, the existing technical ular technical expert meetings focus- the provision of financial resources, in-examination process on mitigation as ing on specific policies, practices and cluding for technology developmentdefined in decision 1/CP.19, para- actions representing best practices and transfer and capacity-building sup-graph 5(a), and decision 1/CP.20, and with the potential to be scalable port, with a view to identifying ways toparagraph 19, taking into account the and replicable; enhance the ambition of mitigation ef-latest scientific knowledge, including (b) Updating, on an annual basis, fol- forts by all Parties, including identify-by: lowing the meetings referred to in para- ing relevant opportunities to enhance(a) Encouraging Parties, Conven- graph 112(a) above and in time to the provision and mobilization of sup-tion bodies and international organiza- serve as input to the summary for port and enabling environments;tions to engage in this process, includ- policymakers referred to in paragraph 117. Acknowledges with appreciationing, as appropriate, in cooperation 112(c) below, a technical paper on the the results of the Lima-Paris Actionwith relevant non-Party stakeholders, mitigation benefits and co-benefits of Agenda, which build on the climateto share their experiences and sug- policies, practices and actions for en- summit convened on 23 Septembergestions, including from regional hancing mitigation ambition, as well as 2014 by the Secretary-General of the

events, and to cooperate in facilitating on options for supporting their imple- United Nations;the implementation of policies, prac- mentation, information on which 118. Welcomes the efforts of non-tices and actions identified during this should be made available in a user- Party stakeholders to scale up their cli-process in accordance with national friendly online format; mate actions, andsustainable development priorities; (c) Preparing, in consultation with encourages the registration of those(b) Striving to improve, in consulta- the champions referred to in para- actions in the Non-State Actor Zone

3tion with Parties, access to and partici- graph 122 below, a summary for for Climate Action platform;pation in this process by developing policymakers, with information on spe- 119. Encourages Parties to workcountry Party and non-Party experts; cific policies, practices and actions rep- closely with non-Party stakeholders to(c) Requesting the Technology Ex- resenting best practices and with the catalyse efforts to strengthen mitiga-ecutive Committee and the Climate potential to be scalable and replicable, tion and adaptation action;Technology Centre and Network in ac- and on options to support their imple- 120. Also encourages non-Partycordance with their respective man- mentation, as well as on relevant col- stakeholders to increase their en-dates: laborative initiatives, and publishing gagement in the processes referred to(i) To engage in the technical expert the summary at least two months in ad- in paragraph 110 above and para-

meetings and enhance their efforts to vance of each session of the Confer- graph 125 below;facilitate and support Parties in scaling ence of the Parties as input for the 121. Agrees to convene, pursuant toup the implementation of policies, prac- high-level event referred to in para- decision 1/CP.20, paragraph 21, build-tices and actions identified during this graph 121 below; ing on the Lima-Paris Action Agendaprocess; 113. Decides that the process re- and in conjunction with each session(ii) To provide regular updates dur- ferred to in paragraph 110 above of the Conference of the Parties duringing the technical expert meetings on should be organized jointly by the Sub- the period 2016–2020, a high-levelthe progress made in facilitating the im- sidiary Body for Implementation and event that:plementation of policies, practices and the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and (a) Further strengthens high-levelactions previously identified during Technological Advice and should take engagement on the implementation ofthis process; place on an ongoing basis until 2020; policy options and actions arising from(iii) To include information on their ac- 114. Also decides to conduct in 2017 the processes referred to in paragraphtivities under this process in their joint an assessment of the process referred 110 above and paragraph 125 below,annual report to the Conference of the to in paragraph 110 above so as to im- drawing on the summary forParties; prove its effectiveness; policymakers referred to in paragraph

(d) Encouraging Parties to make ef- 115. Resolves to enhance the provi- 112(c) above;fective use of the Climate Technology sion of urgent and adequate finance, (b) Provides an opportunity for an-Centre and Network to obtain assis- technology and capacity-building sup- nouncing new or strengthened volun-tance to develop economically, envi- port by developed country Parties in or- tary efforts, initiatives and coalitions,ronmentally and socially viable project der to enhance the level of ambition of including the implementation of poli-proposals in the high mitigation poten- pre-2020 action by Parties, and in this cies, practices and actions arisingtial areas identified in this process; regardstrongly urges developed coun- from the processes referred to in para-111. Encourages the operating enti- try Parties to scale up their level of fi- graph 110 above and paragraph 125ties of the Financial Mechanism of the nancial support, with a concrete below and presented in the summaryConvention to engage in the technical roadmap to achieve the goal of jointly for policymakers referred to in para-expert meetings and to inform partici- providing USD 100 billion annually by graph 112(c) above;pants of their contribution to facilitating 2020 for mitigation and adaptation


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(c) Takes stock of related progress and recognizes new tion in the context of specific policies, practices and ac-or strengthened voluntary efforts, initiatives and coalitions; tions;(d) Provides meaningful and regular opportunities for the 129. Also decides that the technical examination processeffective high-level engagement of dignitaries of Parties, in- on adaptation referred to in paragraph 125 above will taketernational organizations, international cooperative initia- into account the process, modalities, outputs, outcomestives and non-Party stakeholders; and lessons learned from the technical examination pro-122. Decides that two high-level champions shall be ap- cess on mitigation referred to in paragraph 110 above;pointed to act on behalf of the President of the Conference 130. Requests the secretariat to support the technical ex-of the Parties to facilitate through strengthened high-level amination process referred to in paragraph 125 above by:engagement in the period 2016–2020 the successful exe- (a) Organizing regular technical expert meetings focus-

cution of existing efforts and the scaling-up and introduc- ing on specific policies, strategies and actions;tion of new or strengthened voluntary efforts, initiatives and (b) Preparing annually, on the basis of the meetings re-coalitions, including by: Working with the Executive Secre- ferred to in paragraph 130(a) above and in time to serve astary and the current and incoming Presidents of the Con- an input to the summary for policymakers referred to inference of the Parties to coordinate the annual high-level paragraph 112(c) above, a technical paper on opportuni-event referred to in paragraph 121 above; ties to enhance adaptation action, as well as options to sup-(a) Engaging with interested Parties and non-Party port their implementation, information on which should bestakeholders, including to further the voluntary initiatives of made available in a user-friendly online format;the Lima-Paris Action Agenda; 131. Decides that in conducting the process referred to in(b) Providing guidance to the secretariat on the organi- paragraph 125 above, the Adaptation Committee will en-zation of technical expert meetings referred to in para- gage with and explore ways to take into account, synergizegraph 112(a) above and paragraph 130(a) below; with and build on the existing arrangements for adaptation-123. Also decides that the high-level champions referred related work programmes, bodies and institutions underto in paragraph 122 above should normally serve for a term the Convention so as to ensure coherence and maximumof two years, with their terms overlapping for a full year to value;

ensure continuity, such that: 132. Also decides to conduct, in conjunction with the as-(a) The President of the Conference of the Parties of the sessment referred to in paragraphtwenty-first session should appoint one champion, who 120 above, an assessment of the process referred to inshould serve for one year from the date of the appointment paragraph 125 above, so as to improve its effectiveness;until the last day of the Conference of the Parties at its 133. Invites Parties and observer organizations to submittwenty-second session; information on the opportunities referred to in paragraph(b) The President of the Conference of the Parties of the 126 above by 3 February 2016;twenty-second session should appoint one champion who V. NON-PARTY STAKEHOLDERSshould serve for two years from the date of the appointment 134. Welcomes the efforts of all non-Party stakeholders tountil the last day of the Conference of the Parties at its address and respond to climate change, including those oftwenty-third session (November 2017); civil society, the private sector, financial institutions, cities(c) Thereafter, each subsequent President of the Con- and other subnational authorities;ference of the Parties should appoint one champion who 135. Invites the non-Party stakeholders referred to in para-should serve for two years and succeed the previously ap- graph 134 above to scale up their efforts and support ac-pointed champion whose term has ended; tions to reduce emissions and/or to build resilience and de-

124. Invites all interested Parties and relevant organiza- crease vulnerability to the adverse effects of climatetions to provide support for the work of the champions re- change and demonstrate these efforts via the Non-State4ferred to in paragraph 122 above; Actor Zone for Climate Action platform referred to in para-

125. Decides to launch, in the period 2016 2020, a tech- graph 118 above;nical examination process on adaptation; 136. Recognizes the need to strengthen knowledge, tech-126. Also decides that the technical examination process nologies, practices and efforts of local communities and in-on adaptation referred to in paragraph 125 above will digenous peoples related to addressing and responding toendeavour to identify concrete opportunities for strength- climate change, and establishes a platform for the ex-ening resilience, reducing vulnerabilities and increasing change of experiences and sharing of best practices on mit-the understanding and implementation of adaptation ac- igation and adaptation in a holistic and integrated manner;tions; 137. Also recognizes the important role of providing incen-127. Further decides that the technical examination pro- tives for emission reduction activities, including tools suchcess referred to in paragraph 125 above should be orga- as domestic policies and carbon pricing;nized jointly by the Subsidiary Body for Implementation VI. ADMINISTRATIVE AND BUDGETARY MATTERSand the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological 138. Takes noteof the estimated budgetary implications of

Advice, and conducted by the Adaptation Committee; the activities to be undertaken by the secretariat referred to128. Decides that the process referred to in paragraph 125 in this decision and requests that the actions of the secre-above will be pursued by: tariat called for in this decision be undertaken subject to the(a) Facilitating the sharing of good practices, experi- availability of financial resources;ences and lessons learned; 139. Emphasizes the urgency of making additional re-(b) Identifying actions that could significantly enhance sources available for the implementation of the relevant ac-the implementation of adaptation actions, including actions, including actions referred to in this decision, and thetions that could enhance economic diversification and implementation of the work programme referred to in para-have mitigation co-benefits; graph 9 above;(c) Promoting cooperative action on adaptation; 140. Urges Parties to make voluntary contributions for the(d) Identifying opportunities to strengthen enabling envi- timely implementation of this decision.ronments and enhance the provision of support for adapta-


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Annex propriate, of sinks and reservoirs of ple of common but differentiated re-PARIS AGREEMENT the greenhouse gases referred to in sponsibilities and respective capabili-The Parties to this Agreement, the Convention, ties, in the light of different national cir-Being Parties to the United Nations Noting the importance of ensuring the cumstances.Framework Convention on Climate integrity of all ecosystems, including Article 3Change, hereinafter referred to as “the oceans, and the protection of As nationally determined contribu-Convention”, biodiversity, recognized by some cul- tions to the global response to climatePursuant to the Durban Platform for tures as Mother Earth, and noting the change, all Parties are to undertakeEnhanced Action established by deci- importance for some of the concept of and communicate ambitious efforts assion 1/CP.17 of the Conference of the “climate justice”, when taking action to defined in Articles 4, 7, 9, 10, 11 and 13

Parties to the Convention at its seven- address climate change, with the view to achieving the purposeteenth session, Affirming the importance of education, of this Agreement as set out in ArticleIn pursuit of the objective of the Con- training, public awareness, public par- 2. The efforts of all Parties will repre-vention, and being guided by its princi- ticipation, public access to information sent a progression over time, while rec-ples, including the principle of equity and cooperation at all levels on the ognizing the need to support develop-and common but differentiated re- matters addressed in this Agreement, ing country Parties for the effective im-sponsibilities and respective capabili- Recognizing the importance of the en- plementation of this Agreement.ties, in the light of different national cir- gagements of all levels of government Article 4cumstances, and various actors, in accordance with 1. In order to achieve the long-termRecognizing the need for an effec- respective national legislations of Par- temperature goal set out in Article 2,tive and progressive response to the ties, in addressing climate change, Parties aim to reach global peaking ofurgent threat of climate change on Also recognizing that sustainable life- greenhouse gas emissions as soon asthe basis of the best available scien- styles and sustainable patterns of con- possible, recognizing that peaking willtific knowledge, sumption and production, with devel- take longer for developing country Par-

Also recognizing the specific needs oped country Parties taking the lead, ties, and to undertake rapid reductions

and special circumstances of develop- play an important role in addressing cli- thereafter in accordance with besting country Parties, especially those mate change, available science, so as to achieve athat are particularly vulnerable to the Have agreed as follows: balance between anthropogenic emis-adverse effects of climate change, as Article 1 sions by sources and removals byprovided for in the Convention, For the purpose of this Agreement, the sinks of greenhouse gases in the sec-Taking full account of the specific definitions contained in Article 1 of the ond half of this century, on the basis ofneeds and special situations of the Convention shall apply. In addition: equity, and in the context of sustain-least developed countries with regard 1. “Convention” means the United Na- able development and efforts to eradi-to funding and transfer of technology, tions Framework Convention on Cli- cate poverty.Recognizing that Parties may be af- mate Change, adopted in New York on 2. Each Party shall prepare, commu-fected not only by climate change, but 9 May 1992. nicate and maintain successive na-also by the impacts of the measures 2. “Conference of the Parties” means tionally determined contributions thattaken in response to it, the Conference of the Parties to the it intends to achieve. Parties shall pur-Emphasizing the intrinsic relationship Convention. sue domestic mitigation measures,that climate change actions, re- 3. “Party” means a Party to this with the aim of achieving the objec-

sponses and impacts have with equi- Agreement. tives of such contributions.table access to sustainable develop- Article 2 3. Each Party's successive nationallyment and eradication of poverty, 1. This Agreement, in enhancing the determined contribution will representRecognizing the fundamental priority implementation of the Convention, in- a progression beyond the Party's thenof safeguarding food security and end- clu ding its ob jecti ve , aim s to current nationally determined contri-ing hunger, and the particular vulnera- strengthen the global response to the bution and reflect its highest possiblebilities of food production systems to threat of climate change, in the context ambition, reflecting its common but dif-the adverse impacts of climate of sustainable development and ef- ferentiated responsibilities and re-change, forts to eradicate poverty, including by: spective capabilities, in the light of dif-Taking into account the imperatives of (a) Holding the increase in the global ferent national circumstances.a just transition of the workforce and average temperature to well below 2 4. Developed country Parties shouldthe creation of decent work and quality °C above pre-industrial levels and to continue taking the lead by undertak-

jobs in accordance with nationally de- pursue efforts to limit the temperature ing economy-wide absolute emissionfined development priorities, increase to 1.5 °C above pre-industrial reduction targets. Developing country

levels, recognizing that this would sig- Parties should continue enhancing

Par- nificantly reduce the risks and impacts their mitigation efforts, and are en-ties should, when taking action to ad- of climate change; couraged to move over time towardsdress climate change, respect, pro- (b) Increasing the ability to adapt to economy-wide emission reduction ormote and consider their respective ob- the adverse impacts of climate change limitation targets in the light of differentligations on human rights, the right to and foster climate resilience and low national circumstances.health, the rights of indigenous peo- greenhouse gas emissions develop- 5. Support shall be provided to devel-ples, local communities, migrants, chil- ment, in a manner that does not oping country Parties for the imple-dren, persons with disabilit ies and peo- threaten food production; mentation of this Article, in accor-ple in vulnerable situations and the (c) Making finance flows consistent dance with Articles 9, 10 and 11, rec-right to development, as well as gen- with a pathway towards low green- ognizing that enhanced support for de-der equality, empowerment of women house gas emissions and climate- veloping country Parties will allow forand intergenerational equity, resilient development. higher ambition in their actions.Recognizing the importance of the con- 2. This Agreement will be imple- 6. The least developed countries andservation and enhancement, as ap- mented to reflect equity and the princi- small island developing States may

Acknowledging that climate change is

a common concern of humankind,



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prepare and communicate strategies, plans and actions for graph 16 of this Article in accordance with paragraphs 13low greenhouse gas emissions development reflecting and 14 of this Article and Articles 13 and 15.their special circumstances. 19. All Parties should strive to formulate and communicate7. Mitigation co-benefits resulting from Parties' adapta- long-term low greenhouse gas emission developmenttion actions and/or economic diversification plans can con- strategies, mindful of Article 2 taking into account their com-tribute to mitigation outcomes under this Article. mon but differentiated responsibilities and respective capa-8. In communicating their nationally determined contribu- bilities, in the light of different national circumstances.tions, all Parties shall provide the information necessary for Article 5clarity, transparency and understanding in accordance 1. Parties should take action to conserve and enhance, aswith decision 1/CP.21 and any relevant decisions of the appropriate, sinks and reservoirs of greenhouse gases as

Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Par- referred to in Article 4, paragraph 1(d), of the Convention,ties to the Paris Agreement. including forests.9. Each Party shall communicate a nationally determined 2. Parties are encouraged to take action to implement andcontribution every five years in accordance with decision support, including through results-based payments, the ex-1/CP.21 and any relevant decisions of the Conference of isting framework as set out in related guidance and deci-the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the sions already agreed under the Convention for: policy ap-Paris Agreement and be informed by the outcomes of the proaches and positive incentives for activities relating to re-global stocktake referred to in Article 14. ducing emissions from deforestation and forest degrada-10. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting tion, and the role of conservation, sustainable manage-of the Parties to the Paris Agreement shall consider com- ment of forests and enhancement of forest carbonstocks inmon time frames for nationally determined contributions at developing countries; and alternative policy approaches,its first session. such as joint mitigation and adaptation approaches for the11. A Party may at any time adjust its existing nationally de- integral and sustainable management of forests, while reaf-termined contribution with a view to enhancing its level of firming the importance of incentivizing, as appropriate,ambition, in accordance with guidance adopted by the Con- non-carbon benefits associated with such approaches.

ference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties Article 6to the Paris Agreement. 1. Parties recognize that some Parties choose to pursue12. Nationally determined contributions communicated by voluntary cooperation in the implementation of their nation-Parties shall be recorded in a public registry maintained by ally determined contributions to allow for higher ambition inthe secretariat. their mitigation and adaptation actions and to promote sus-13. Parties shall account for their nationally determined tainable development and environmental integrity.contributions. In accounting for anthropogenic emissions 2. Parties shall, where engaging on a voluntary basis in co-and removals corresponding to their nationally determined operative approaches that involve the use of internation-contributions, Parties shall promote environmental integ- ally transferred mitigation outcomes towards nationally de-rity, transparency, accuracy, completeness, comparability termined contributions, promote sustainable developmentand consistency, and ensure the avoidance of double and ensure environmental integrity and transparency, in-counting, in accordance with guidance adopted by the Con- cluding in governance, and shall apply robust accountingference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to ensure, inter alia, the avoidance of double counting, con-to the Paris Agreement. sistent with guidance adopted by the Conference of the Par-14. In the context of their nationally determined contribu- ties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Paris

tions, when recognizing and implementing mitigation ac- Agreement.tions with respect to anthropogenic emissions and remov- 3. The use of internationally transferred mitigation out-als, Parties should take into account, as appropriate, exist- comes to achieve nationally determined contributions un-ing methods and guidance under the Convention, in the der this Agreement shall be voluntary and authorized bylight of the provisions of paragraph 13 of this Article. participating Parties.15. Parties shall take into consideration in the implementa- 4. A mechanism to contribute to the mitigation of green-tion of this Agreement the concerns of Parties with econo- house gas emissions and support sustainable develop-mies most affected by the impacts of response measures, ment is hereby established under the authority and guid-particularly developing country Parties. ance of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meet-16. Parties, including regional economic integration orga- ing of the Parties to the Paris Agreement for use by Partiesnizations and their member States, that have reached an on a voluntary basis. It shall be supervised by a body desig-agreement to act jointly under paragraph 2 of this Article nated by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meet-shall notify the secretariat of the terms of that agreement, in- ing of the Parties to the Paris Agreement, and shall aim:cluding the emission level allocated to each Party within (a) To promote the mitigation of greenhouse gas emis-the relevant time period, when they communicate their na- sions while fostering sustainable development;

tionally determined contributions. The secretariat shall in (b) To incentivize and facilitate participation in the mitiga-turn inform the Parties and signatories to the Convention of tion of greenhouse gas emissions by public and private enti-the terms of that agreement. ties authorized by a Party;17. Each party to such an agreement shall be responsible (c) To contribute to the reduction of emission levels in thefor its emission level as set out in the agreement referred to host Party, which will benefit from mitigation activities re-in paragraph 16 above in accordance with paragraphs 13 sulting in emission reductions that can also be used by an-and 14 of this Article and Articles 13 and 15. other Party to fulfil i ts nationally determined contribution;18. If Parties acting jointly do so in the framework of, and to- andgether with, a regional economic integration organization (d) To deliver an overall mitigation in global emissions.which is itself a Party to this Agreement, each member 5. Emission reductions resulting from the mechanism re-State of that regional economic integration organization in- ferred to in paragraph 4 of this Article shall not be used todividually, and together with the regional economic integra- demonstrate achievement of the host Party's nationally de-tion organization, shall be responsible for its emission level termined contribution if used by another Party to demon-as set out in the agreement communicated under para- strate achievement of its nationally determined contribu-



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tion. 3. The adaptation efforts of develop- (e) Improving the effectiveness and6. The Conference of the Parties serving country Parties shall be recog- durability of adaptation actions.ing as the meeting of the Parties to the nized, in accordance with the modali- 8. United Nations specialized organi-Paris Agreement shall ensure that a ties to be adopted by the Conference zations and agencies are encouragedshare of the proceeds from activities of the Parties serving as the meeting to support the efforts of Parties to im-under the mechanism referred to in of the Parties to the Paris Agreement plement the actions referred to in para-paragraph 4 of this Article is used to at its first session. graph 7 of this Article, taking into ac-cover administrative expenses as well 4. Parties recognize that the current count the provisions of paragraph 5 ofas to assist developing country Parties need for adaptation is significant and this Article.that are particularly vulnerable to the that greater levels of mitigation can re- 9. Each Party shall, as appropriate,

adverse effects of climate change to duce the need for additional adapta- engage in adaptation planning pro-meet the costs of adaptation. tion efforts, and that greater adapta- cesses and the implementation of ac-7. The Conference of the Parties serv- tion needs can involve greater adapta- tions, including the development or en-ing as the meeting of the Parties to the tion costs. hancement of relevant plans, policiesParis Agreement shall adopt rules, mo- 5. Parties acknowledge that adapta- and/or contributions, which may in-dalities and procedures for the mecha- tion action should follow a country- clude:nism referred to in paragraph 4 of this driven, gender-responsive, participa- (a) The implementation of adaptation

Article at its first session. tory and fully transparent approach, actions, undertakings and/or efforts;8. Parties recognize the importance taking into consideration vulnerable (b) The process to formulate and im-of integrated, holistic and balanced groups, communities and ecosys- plement national adaptation plans;non-market approaches being avail- tems, and should be based on and (c) The assessment of climateable to Parties to assist in the imple- guided by the best available science change impacts and vulnerability, withmentation of their nationally deter- and, as appropriate, traditional knowl- a view to formulating nationally deter-mined contributions, in the context of edge, knowledge of indigenous peo- mined prioritized actions, taking intosustainable development and poverty ples and local knowledge systems, account vulnerable people, places

eradication, in a coordinated and ef- with a view to integrating adaptation and ecosystems;fective manner, including through, into relevant socioeconomic and envi- (d) Monitoring and evaluating andinter alia, mitigation, adaptation, fi- ronmental policies and actions, where learning from adaptation plans, poli-nance, technology transfer and ca- appropriate. cies, programmes and actions; andpacity-building, as appropriate. These 6. Parties recognize the importance (e) Building the resilience of socioeco-approaches shall aim to: of support for and international coop- nomic and ecological systems, includ-(a) Promote mitigation and adapta- eration on adaptation efforts and the ing through economic diversificationtion ambition; importance of taking into account the and sustainable management of natu-(b) Enhance public and private sec- needs of developing country Parties, ral resources.tor participation in the implementation especially those that are particularly 10. Each Party should, as appropriate,of nationally determined contributions; vulnerable to the adverse effects of cli- submit and update periodically an ad-and mate change. aptation communication, which may in-(c) Enable opportunities for coordi- 7. Parties should strengthen their co- clude its priorities, implementationnation across instruments and rele- operation on enhancing action on ad- and support needs, plans and actions,vant institutional arrangements. aptation, taking into account the without creating any additional burden

9. A framework for non-market ap- Cancun Adaptation Framework, in- for developing country Parties.proaches to sustainable development cluding with regard to: 11. The adaptation communication re-is hereby defined to promote the non- (a) Sharing information, good prac- ferred to in paragraph 10 of this Articlemarket approaches referred to in para- tices, experiences and lessons shall be, as appropriate, submittedgraph 8 of this Article. learned, including, as appropriate, as and updated periodically, as a compo-Article 7 these relate to science, planning, poli- nent of or in conjunction with other1. Parties hereby establish the global cies and implementation in relation to communications or documents, in-goal on adaptation of enhancing adap- adaptation actions; cluding a national adaptation plan, ative capacity, strengthening resilience (b) Strengthening institutional ar- nationally determined contribution asand reducing vulnerability to climate rangements, including those under referred to in Article 4, paragraph 2,change, with a view to contributing to the Convention that serve this Agree- and/or a national communication.sustainable development and ensur- ment, to support the synthesis of rele- 12. The adaptation communicationsing an adequate adaptation response vant information and knowledge, and referred to in paragraph 10 of this Arti-in the context of the temperature goal the provision of technical support and cle shall be recorded in a public regis-referred to in Article 2. guidance to Parties; try maintained by the secretariat.

2. Parties recognize that adaptation (c) Strengthening scientific knowl- 13. Continuous and enhanced in-is a global challenge faced by all with edge on climate, including research, ternational support shall be providedlocal, subnational, national, regional systematic observation of the climate to developing country Parties for theand international dimensions, and that system and early warning systems, in implementation of paragraphs 7, 9, 10it is a key component of and makes a a manner that informs climate ser- and 11 of this Article, in accordancecontribution to the long-term global re- vices and supports decision-making; with the provisions of Articles 9, 10 andsponse to climate change to protect (d) Assisting developing country Par- 11.people, livelihoods and ecosystems, ties in identifying effective adaptation 14. The global stocktake referred to intaking into account the urgent and im- practices, adaptation needs, priorities, Article 14 shall, inter alia:mediate needs of those developing support provided and received for ad- (a) Recognize adaptation efforts of de-country Parties that are particularly vul- aptation actions and efforts, and chal- veloping country Parties;nerable to the adverse effects of cli- lenges and gaps, in a manner consis- (b) Enhance the implementation of ad-mate change. tent with encouraging good practices; aptation action taking into account the

adaptation communication referred to



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in paragraph 10 of this Article; 5. Developed country Parties shall biennially communi-(c) Review the adequacy and effectiveness of adaptation cate indicative quantitative and qualitative information re-and support provided for adaptation; and lated to paragraphs 1 and 3 of this Article, as applicable, in-(d) Review the overall progress made in achieving the cluding, as available, projected levels of public financial re-global goal on adaptation referred to in paragraph 1 of this sources to be provided to developing country Parties.

Article. Other Parties providing resources are encouraged to com-Article 8 municate biennially such information on a voluntary basis.1. Parties recognize the importance of averting, minimiz- 6. The global stocktake referred to in Article 14 shall takeing and addressing loss and damage associated with the into account the relevant information provided by devel-adverse effects of climate change, including extreme oped country Parties and/or Agreement bodies on efforts

weather events and slow onset events, and the role of sus- related to climate finance.tainable development in reducing the risk of loss and dam- 7. Developed country Parties shall provide transparentage. and consistent information on support for developing coun-2. The Warsaw International Mechanism for Loss and try Parties provided and mobilized through public interven-Damage associated with Climate Change Impacts shall be tions biennially in accordance with the modalities, proce-subject to the authority and guidance of the Conference of dures and guidelines to be adopted by the Conference ofthe Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to theParis Agreement and may be enhanced and strengthened, Paris Agreement, at its first session, as stipulated in Articleas determined by the Conference of the Parties serving as 13, paragraph 13. Other Parties are encouraged to do so.the meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement. 8. The Financial Mechanism of the Convention, including3. Parties should enhance understanding, action and sup- its operating entities, shall serve as the financial mecha-port, including through the Warsaw International Mecha- nism of this Agreement.nism, as appropriate, on a cooperative and facilitative ba- 9. The institutions serving this Agreement, including thesis with respect to loss and damage associated with the ad- operating entities of the Financial Mechanism of the Con-verse effects of climate change. vention, shall aim to ensure efficient access to financial re-

4. Accordingly, areas of cooperation and facilitation to

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