bollard cat

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Bollards& Mooring SystemsEnglish A4 Metric v1.0dww

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2/20 QuayQuip BV, 2011

QuayQuip conceives, designs, makes andcommissions engineered solutions for a diversityof marine and port construction applications.All projects make the best use of our collective

expertise with steel, rubber and engineeredplastics.

The QuayQuip Design Group uses the extensiveresources available within the company, sisterbusinesses and other technical partners. The DesignGroup enjoys access to over 50 engineers andspecialists in disciplines which include:

Fender design and applications engineering Mooring systems design Shiploader and bulk materials handling technology

Structural analysis including advanced FEA Steel fabrication, casting and forging production Materials experts QA/QC inspection and management systems Third party external design checks

Projects undertaken by QuayQuip are professionallydesigned and managed. Customer satisfaction isour first priority and we live up to our hard-earnedreputation for delivery quality, technology and valuefor money all backed by extended warranties.

The QuayQuip approach

More about QuayQuipIf you want to know more about QuayQuips other product ranges, or read our latest news, please visit our websiteat www.quayquip.com. After registering you can download catalogues, product guides, our corporate brochure anduseful utilities.

Engineeringthe FutureBollards& Mooring SystemsFloatingStructuresww

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3/203

QuayQuip BV, 2011

Introduction

Bollards

Moorin

g&Shiphauling

Materials&Testing

Technical

Tools

Introduction The QuayQuip Range Stronger Anchors Load Fuse Bollads

Bollards Tricorn (ETG) T-Head Kidney Horn Pin, Recessed and Legacy types

Mooring &Shiphauling

Mooring Travellers Shiphauling Systems

Materials &Testing

Bollard Materials Coatings Factors of Safety Bollard Requirements

Technical

Choosing Bollards Line Angles

Environmental Factors Design Codes

Tools

Questionnaire Conversion Factors

Calculation Sheet Notes Pageww

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QuayQuips bollard range has developed overthe last 25 years into a comprehensive choiceof standard and custom units to suit every

application in newly built berths or upgrades.

All QuayQuip bollards incorporate the high qualitymaterials, rigorous testing and inspection needed forsafe, reliable mooring. Cast steel is the most popularmaterial and comes with the option of Charpytesting for low temperature use at or below -20C.QuayQuip bollards are also available in nodular(spheroidal graphite) iron where this is still preferred.

Tricorn and T-head bollards optionally includeQuayQuips unique load fuse (LF) technology

a connection between the bollards trunkand base that limits accidental overloads andprotects the berth from structural damage.

Tricorn T-Head Horn KidneyCapacity Range (kN) 3002500 1503000 1503000 1502000

Cast Steel (EN or ASTM)

Low Temperature (-C)

Load Fuse Base Plates

Nodular (SG) Cast Iron

Vertical Line Angles

Horizontal Line Angles

Multi-Ship Mooring

Surface Mountable

Flush Mountable

Customised Base Plates

Existing Anchor Retrofits

The QuayQuip Range

Standard Optionalwwwq

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5/205

QuayQuip BV, 2011

Introduction

Bollards

Moorin

g&Shiphauling

Materials&Testing

Technical

Tools

A load fuse helps protectstructures by preventingoverload. Traditionallybollards have been installedusing break-off bolts, whichwill fail above a certainload. Because it is difficultto predict exactly howgroups of fuse bolts willfail, QuayQuip offers new

designs of bollard withsingle, integral load fuses.

The two bollards baseplate and upper section are

joined by a weld, carefullycalibrated to fail abovea certain load. Two-partbollards with integratedload fuses also protectpeople, strucures and

vessels from the explosiveoverload failure of ductileand cast iron bollards.

QuayQuip ensure that every

bollard anchor is right forthe job. Undersized anchorplates, or simple welded-on nuts, concentrate loadsand can cause compressivefailure in the surroundingconcrete potentially leadingto structural damage and thebollard being pulled free.

QuayQuips wide, thickanchor plates safely

distribute tensile loads intothe surrounding concretestructure.

Denso wrap

generates

tension

in bolt

Compressive

failure in

concrete

Stronger Anchors

Load Fuse Bollards

QuayQuip anchor plate Small plate or nut-only

The large base plate distributes bolt

tensile loads into the concrete.

Nut-only anchors concentrate loads

locally, causing compressive failure.

Consistent maximumload (10%)

Optional baseplate designs forcustom or upgraded installations

Maximum load 50% increasesconstruction costs.

Custom baseplates are usuallyharder to achieve due to the one-piece design.ww

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Tricorn BollardsQuayQuips unique, triple-lobed Tricorn Bollard(sometimes called an ETB Bollard) provides moreholding power than any other bollard in its class.Its generous trunk diameter reduces mooring linestresses. Integrated load fuses and capacities up to

2500kN are available.

High holding power Low temperature materials option Load fuse option Standard or custom baseplates Low anchor stresses

D

E E EF

d

D

H

T

Capacity D E F H d T Bolts A B L S t

kN M

kN M

kN M

kN M

kN M

kN M

kN M

kN M

kN M

kN M

All dimensions are in mm. Angles are in degrees. Please ask QuayQuip for a certified drawing with anchor details.

Large diameter trunks are used for extra low mooring line stresses.

B A

Standard

A

B

A

A

Optional baseplates

L

t

Swwwq

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QuayQuip BV, 2011

Introduction

Bollards

Moorin

g&Shiphauling

Materials&Testing

Technical

Tools

T-Head Bollards

Capacity W D E H G T Bolts A B C 1 2 3 L S t

kN M

kN M

kN M

kN M

kN M

kN M

kN M


The QuayQuip T-Head Bollard can handlehigh line angles and can be fitted withload fuses and retrofit baseplates. Bollardcapacities of up to 2000kN are available.

High capacity Load fuse option Standard or custom baseplates Ideal for multipurpose berths

BA

C

A

A

1

2

1

BA A

C

A

2

3

1

BA A

C

A

2

3 3

BA A

C

A

2

1

5 bolts 6 bolts

7 bolts 8 bolts

R

R R

R

E D

H

T

G

W

D L

t

Swwwq

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Horn BollardsHorn Bollards accept multiple mooringlines from one or two vessels withoutinterference, even at steep line angles.

Lines from more than one vessel

General purpose applicaitons Steeper line angles than many types

1

BA A

C

A

2

3

7 bolts

R

BA

C

A

A

1

2

1

BA A

C

A

2

3

5 bolts 6 bolts

R R

E

W

H

T

G

D

L

t

S

Capacity W D E H G T Bolts A B C L S t

kN 400 410 280 40 5 M24

kN 440 450 300 40 5 M30

kN 565 550 350 50 5 M36

kN 660 590 365 70 6 M42

kN 750 650 400 80 7 M42

kN 850 675 425 90 7 M48

kN 913 800 485 90 8 M56

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QuayQuip BV, 2011

Introduction

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Moorin

g&Shiphauling

Materials&Testing

Technical

Tools

All dimensions are in mm. Please ask QuayQuip for a certified drawing with anchor details.

Kidney BollardsQuayQuip Kidney Bollards are a popular,economical choice for applications with asingle mooring line per bollard and withlower ranges of vertical line angle.

Suitable for general applications Best at shallow line angles Ideal for warping

E

H

T

G

W

D

L

t

S

B

4 bolts

A A

B

A

A

5 bolts

C

A

A

B B B BA A

7 bolts

C

A

C

A

A A

Capacity W D E H G T Bolts A B C L S t

kN 320 300 230 40 4 M24

kN 360 320 250 40 4 M30

kN 500 370 280 50 4 M36

kN 530 400 280 70 5 M42

kN 570 420 300 70 7 M42

kN 750 485 330 80 7 M48

kN 950 525 350 90 7 M56

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Recessed and Pin Bollards

Some regions and operators still prefertraditional multiple, high-profile or cleatbollard designs. QuayQuip recommendsspecifying more modern designs that offer ahigher performance per weight, and presentless risk of operator injury from lifting heavylines over tall bollards.

When legacy bollard designs are essential,QuayQuip can offer state-of-the-art materialsand coatings to minimise maintenance andextend service life.

Recessed and Pin type bollards are used for flush fitting,avoiding protrusions and hull damage. Applications includelocks and waterways where bollards are placed at singleor multiple levels for vessels to moor without help fromshore-based crew.

Modern and classic styles are available, with capacities from40kN right up to 300kN for the Rotterdam-class units. Thereare options for integral or separate anchorages, and replaceableor permanent mooring pins. Profiles units are made to suit allstandard sheet pile sections. Custom designs and replacementsfor obsolete patterns are also available.

Legacy Types

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11/2011

QuayQuip BV, 2011

Introduction

Bollards

Mooring&Shiphauling

Materials&Testing

Technical

Tools

Mooring TravellersQuayQuips Mooring Travellers allowfor water level changes by replacingconventional moorings with units thatrise and fall with the vessel, even withtensioned mooring lines.

Cast-in rails and other parts are highly durable:minimum service lives are typically 50 years.The bollard sits above a buoyant, wheeledbogie, guaranteeing that it always presentsat a safe and convenient level for crew. Fastertransits benefit lock and barge operators alikeand save costs.

Modular rails can be provided to any height.Bollard capacities range from 100500kN.Capacity and height above water will depend

on the unique characteristics of each berth please ask QuayQuip about your requirements.

Typical applications include locks, waterways,high tidal range berths, and fast ferry berths.

Shiphauling SystemsQuayQuip design and build a rangeof winches and capstans for warpingand hauling vessels along berths.

Winches can be deployed ateach end of the berth with a railand carriage system which actsas a mule to haul the vessel in

either direction. The winches canincorporate a Leadscrew LevelwindSystem for even spooling of thecable onto the drum.

Control options include simplefoot switches or a dock-mountedconsoles or handheld remotecontrols.

Capstans are often installed on

docks for hauling in messenger lines,and can also be used to haul smallvessels over short distances.ww

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Typical Properties* GradeYield Tensile Elongation

Charpy(MPa) (ksi) (MPa) (ksi) (%)

Cast Steel EN-GE J at +C

GMn J at -C

Cast Steel ASTM A

- Not tested

- Not tested

- Not tested

Cast Steel A - Not tested

Ductile (SG) Iron EN- EN-GJS-- Not applicable

Grey Iron EN-GJL- EN-GJL- Undefined Not applicable

Bollard MaterialsCast Steel vs Cast Iron

Before cast steel was readily available, bollards were made indifferent grades of cast iron. Most modern ports now recognisethe great benefits of cast steel but it is important to understand

the differences between the materials to appreciate the benefitsand advantages of cast steel compared to any grade of cast iron.

The main characteristics and benefits of cast steel, ductile (SG)iron and grey iron, are defined below to help designers andspecifiers of bollards make informed choices.

Common Bollard Materials

Typical material properties of cast steel and cast iron are givenin the table. These assume high grade raw materials, propermanufacturing processes, heat treatment where applicable and

effective quality management.

QuayQuip are leaders in high performance castings for safetycritical applications. Our skilled staff employ the best rawmaterials and strictest process controls.

Strain

cast steel SG iron grey iron

Stress

* Properties given are typical values for each material grade based on prepared samples.

Charpy testing is optional, and strongly recommended for low temperature applications.

Factors of Safety

Bollards and anchor bolts are designed with aSafety Factor of at least 1.3 for Cast Steel.

Designs generally follow these standards:

BS 6349 Part 2: [2010]Structural use of SteelworkBS 5950: 2000 [BS EN 1993] Marine StructuresAS 3990: 1993 Mechanical Equipment Design

Calculations to different factors of safety, or toother regional standards and regulations, can beprovided on request.

Coatings

The table lists recommended standards and grades.Many others are available on request.

Typical Properties Grade Standard

Galvanised anchor bolts Grade . ISO

Blasting SA. ISO

Paint Class CM ISO wwwq

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13/2013

QuayQuip BV, 2011

Introduction

Bollards

Moorin

g&Shiphauling

M

aterials&Testing

Technical

Tools

Requirement Grey Iron Ductile Iron (SG)* Cast Steel

Load capacity Variable Fair Excellent

Holding power Variable Fair Excellent

Load fuse designs Not possible Not possible Most types

Impact strength Poor Fair Excellent

Low temperature rating Brittle Brittle -C(lower on request)

Wear resistance Poor Poor Very good

Fatigue resistance Poor Poor Excellent

Corrosion resistance Excellent Excellent Excellent (painted)

Long service life Variable Good Excellent

Cost benefit Poor Fair Excellent

Coatings

Bollard RequirementsBollards are specified and selected for their ability toperform safely, under a range of conditions and overlong periods with little if any maintenance.

Some requirements depend on bollard shape, others

on the material used. Cast steel is the most reliable.Many iron foundries lack the facilities to makeconsistently high quality ductile iron. Grey iron is notrecommended for bollards.

* Ductile iron is also called Spheroidal Graphite (SG) Iron or Nodular Cast Iron

Care must be taken to avoid damaging factory-applied coatings.C5M (ISO 12944-2) is recommended but other coatings,including [bituminous] and primer are available on request.While single-piece bollards can be galvanised, we do not thefinish for two-piece bollards. Coatings can be supplied in manyother colours and thicknesses contact your Quayquip office.

Wear and abrasion from mooring lines is continuous. QuayQuip

recommends periodic repainting to protect bollards fromcorrosion. Cast steel bollards, which are the least prone to rustand corrosion, will need less frequent attention than bollards ofless durable materials.

Typical Coating

HempelQuattro Colour Thickness

Coat Black m

Coat Red m

Coat Black m

mwwwq

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spring linesafter breast linebollard

fender

stern line

after breast line

stormbollard

head line

Choosing BollardsLocal regulations and accepted design standards must always befollowed. Designers should take the following into account:

Changes in draft Changes in water level

Winds and currents Forces from swell, waves and currents Type and angle of mooring line Forces due to ice (where applicable) Mounting type Using load fuses to prevent structural overload

Where mooring load information is not available, the Ship Sizetable can be used a guideline.

Line Angles

Ship Size

Bollard Spacing

Displacement Bollard rating (approx.)

< ,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

> ,

[Units: tonnes]

Head and stern lines

Breast lines

Spring lines

Vertical line angle

Please refer to BS6349: Part 4: 1994, ROM 0.2-90, and

PIANC guidelines.

Add at least 25% to the ratings above if strong currents,

winds or other hazards are anticipated.

Design codes recommend that bollards arefrequently placed at 1530m intervals, oftenat the same spacing as fenders (either at thesame point as fenders or midway). Anotherapproximate guide is 15% of the length of theshortest ship. On continuous structures, thisspacing may coincide with the centres betweenexpansion joints.

We recommend that mooring line angles areconsidered during a full mooring simulation.Vertical line angles should be kept as low aspossible. Horizontal angles are given relative tothe ships main axis.

Hazardous cargoesBollards are not recommended for use at berths thatreceive hazardous cargoes, including oil, LNG, coal andother volatile substances. In these cases please speak toQuayQuip about our range of Quick Release Hooks.

low tidemax. freeboard

min. freeboard

mean tidehigh tide

low tide

mean tidehigh tidewwwq

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15/2015

QuayQuip BV, 2011

Introduction

Bollards

Moorin

g&Shiphauling

Materials&Testing

Technical

Tools

Force

onv

essel

180 135 90 45 0

Direction of wind off bow

quarteringwind

quarteringwind

transverseforce

longitudinalforce

longitudinal force

transverse force

Environmental Factors

The diagram indicates

wind forces from differentquarters against the vessel

Designs must take intoaccount many effectsof the surroundingenvironment, such as

current, tides, waves andwind. All permutations offreeboard and ship sizesshould also be considered.The forces induced bypassing vessels, especiallyin narrow channels, can bestronger still.

Software such asOptimoor is useful in somecases, but more advanced

software is needed tomodel passing vessels andwave forces.

Design Codes

Ministry of Transport, Japan

Technical Note No. Ship Dimensions of Design Ships under given Confidence Limits,

PIANC Report of PTC II-

Approach Channels: A Guide for Design (Appendix B Typical Ship Dimensions,

EAU

Recommendations of the Committee for Waterfront Structures,

PIANC Report of WG

Criteria for Movements of Moored Ships in Harbours A Practical Guide ,

BS: Part Code of Practice for Design of Fendering and Mooring Systems,

ROM .-

Actions in the Design of Maritime and Harbor Works, wwwq

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16/20 QuayQuip BV, 2011 QuayQuip BV, 2011

Calculations

Project Client

Title

Ref. Signed Date Page

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17/2017

QuayQuip BV, 2011

Introduction

Bollards

Moorin

g&Shiphauling

Materials&Testing

Technical

Tools

17 QuayQuip BV, 2011

Introduction

Bollards

Moorin

g&Shiphauling

Materials&Testing

Technical

Tools

Notes

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Questionnaire

Port Contact

Berth Company

Country Tel

Project New Build Upgrade Email

Status Preliminary Detail Tender Web

VESSELS

Length LOA

Displacement

Deadweight

Length LOA

Displacement

Deadweight

LINE ANGLES

Max (degrees)

Min (degrees)

Max (degrees)

Min (degrees)

OTHER INFORMATION

MOUNTING

Flush mounted Surface bolted

FlushSurface

Flush

Surface

BOLLARD TYPE

Tricorn T-Head Horn Kidney Pillar Other/legacy

Quantity Quantity Quantity Quantity Quantity Quantity

SWL SWL SWL SWL SWL SWL

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International Sales (UK)

Tel: +44 (0)1666 824419Fax: +44 (0)1666 818172

[email protected]

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