bolshevik revolution impact of war
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honors world history- bolshevik revolutionTRANSCRIPT
Land of the Rising Sun
Ch. 12 Sec. 2 pp.376-379
Ch. 15 Sec. 4 pp. 481-482
Years of Isolation
Isolated and unchanged for 200 yrsHomogenous societyTightly controlled by Shoguns
Admiral Perry (1853)Treaty of Knagawa (1854)
PUCCINI-1904
Meiji Restoration
Mutsuhito forces modernization Western Influence
Germany-Gov’t and ArmyBritish-NavyU.S.A.-Education
Infrastructure and Trade
Imperial Japan Strong Military Sino-Japanese War (1894) Russo-Japanese War (1904)
Treaty of Portsmouth (1905)
Annexation of Korea (1910) 1920’s see a more democratic Japan
1922-Treaty to respect China bordersKellogg-Briand Pact renounces war (1928)
Japanese Militarism Depression of 1929
Gov’t blamed, Military seizes control
Emperor Hirohito glorified through extreme nationalism
Planned to fix economy through foreign expansion
Seized Manchuria in 1931Left League of Nations
(1933) Rape of Nanjing (1937)
Bolshevik Revolution
Nicholas II
Russia In Turmoil 1850-1900
Crimean War (1854) Alexander III
RussificationPogroms
NihlismPopulismMarxism
Social Unrest Embarrassment of Russo-Japanese War 1905 Riots
“Bloody Sunday” Jan. 22, 1905 Gov’t unable to help Slavs Centuries of serfdom and industrialization
had severed society
Russia in WWI 25% of army did not have guns All food and resources went to the military Czar Nicholas II lost support of people Riots forced Czar abdication
March Revolutions (1917)
Unsuccessful provisional gov’t put in place P. 437
Rasputin
“Peace, Land, and Bread” Germany sends Lenin to Russia Bolsheviks overthrow gov’t and
declare a communist state Brest-Livotsk Treaty 1918 Civil war (1918-1920)
Red-BolsheviksWhites-Conservatives
Created Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in 1922
Dictatorship of Communism-1924
Joseph Stalin
Rose through party Gained power in 1928
Exiled Leon Trotsky
Implemented Totalitarianism (p.441)Police Terror IndoctrinationPropaganda and CensorshipReligious/Ethnic PersecutionEconomic Reforms
Life after the War
Great Britain
Great Britain lost its economic position after the war
Britain had civil unrest among the workers due to high unemployment (India)
Ireland gains independence in 1921
France WWI destroyed much of
France Economic troubles
prevented France from rebuilding quickly
Political struggles erupted between Fascists and Socialists
Built the Maginot Line
United States U.S. replaced G.B. as
new great power Loaned money to
European countries to rebuild (Dawes Plan)
Overproduction and low demand lead to stock market crash-1929
Weimar Republic Treaty of Versailles embarrassed Germany and
created civil unrestDolchtoss Theory
Political instabilityArticle 48-gave president rule for 4 monthsReichstag-480 members voted for a party15 national elections between 1921-19267 major political parties
SPD (Socialists) had control and voted on Treaty
Reichstag
Economic Unrest Reparations prevent growth High Unemployment France occupation of Ruhr
region German Inflation
1914- 4.2 Reichmarks (R.M)=$11919- 8.9 R.M. = $11923-130 Billion R.M. = $11924- 4.2 Trillion R.M. = $1
Dawes Plan
U.S. fears other countries won’t pay loans and rise of socialism
Restructured reparations and gave Germany loans to rebuild
1925-1929 saw golden years of Weimar under Hindenburg
Stability weakens influence of extremist political parties