book groupe infrastructure

8/11/2019 Book Groupe Infrastructure

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TU EINDHOVEN - UCL LOC I TOURNAI, MASTER PROJECT, SPRING TERM 2014, CHRISTIAN RAPP

GHENT

URBAN ANALYSIS

INFRASTRUCTURES



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JOSSELIN BRACQ - VICTOR FRANCOIS - MARIE HERBER - BERENI-CE MOUELHI - CLEMENT OUDIN - VALENTINA RAMONA PAUL - VANESSAPISMONT - LUCIE RYCKELYNCK - SIMON STAES - PAULINE THOMAS

GROUP 3: INFRASTRUCTURES



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TABLE OF CONTENTS

INFRASTRUCTURES SUMMARY

INFRASTRUCTURES

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

EVOLUTION FOLLOWING DIFFERENT TIMES : THE MAJOR INTERVENTIONS

SYNTHETIC MAP

SECTIONS FROM NORTH TO SOUTH

SENSITIVES ANALYSIS



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INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION



8 EVOLUTION



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EVOLUTION FOLLOWING DIFFERENT TIMES : The major interventions

INFRASTRUCTURES EVOLUTION



10 EVOLUTION : Waterways

WATERWAYS 1780

In the XI th century, the rst port of Ghent waslocated in the very center of the town. It is

called Graslei- Korenlei. It was composed ofa place, a church and two docks of unload-ing.The city always wanted a link to the NorthSea. In 1251, the construction of the Canalof Lieve was the rst attempt to link the cityto the sea. This decision was made to solvethe problem of silting of the natural canals ofthe Scheldt.The Sassevart built in 1547 wasthe forebear of the Gand-Terneuzen canal. Itallowed to link Ghent to the sea without goingthrough Antwerp.An other attempt to link thecity to the sea was the construction of the ca-nal of Bruges- Ostende in 1612.

WATERWAYS 1870

To provide Ghent a direct access to the sea,the canal of Ghent-Terneuzen was built in

1823-27. It was a political decision to movethe portal activity to the north of the city. Twoyears later, two docks (Handelsdok and Ach-terdok) were built to get ride of ships in thecenter.



11INFRASTRUCTURE EVOLUTION : Waterways

WATERWAYS 1930

Very quickly, the old docks became too smallto receive the ships. The Grootdok and itsthree docks were built in 1931.The Sifferdokwas also built in 1931, but its construction wasstopped because of the crisis.Many canals inthe center were lled to rehabilitate part of thecity.

WATERWAYS 1970

The canal of Ghent-Terneuzen was enlargein 1968 because the former dimensions wereobsolete.In 1950, because of the slow traf cin the center, the outskirt canal was built, it is aconnexion between the Leie, the Scheldt andthe Brugsevaart. It prevent from ooding andthe traf c in the center of the town.In 1961, theSifferdok was enlarge and because the mostimportant dock of the port with 2.7km long.In1968, the port keep moving to the north withthe construction of the Mercatordok.

WATERWAYS 2014

With the expansion of the port to the north,some part such as the Old Docks (Handels-dok and Achterdok) are no longer use for theportal activity. So this spaces will be rehabil-itate with housing and of ces.At the westernpart of the city, the Watersportbaan was builtto receive Olympics training.



14EVOLUTION : Railways

RAILWAYS 1850

In 1837, the railway between Ghent andMechelin is created and the station of SouthGhent is built. It brought the train in the citycenter. In 1838, the railways link Ostend andKortrijk. In 1860, the connection between thedock and the south industrial area is createdand gives birth up to the station of Dampoort.Voices to Antwerp, Bruges and Terneuzen arebuilt. In 1875, the station of Rabot is built andit symbolises the rst step of the Ring.

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15INFRASTRUCTURES EVOLUTION : Railways

RAILWAYS 1930

In 1912, the station of Sint-Pieter was builtand grew up the development of the Southdistrict. The railway to Brussels was built. Theway to Antwerp, Terneuzen and Eeklo moved.This allowed the development of the port. In1919, the Ring closed at the Rabot. The rail-way from Kortrijk moved.

RAILWAYS 1970

In 1930, the station of South Ghent was de-stroyed and was converted into a public park.Sint-Pieter replace it and sits on a internation-al axis. In 1950, a part of the network is delet-ed, because of the Watersportbaan.

RAILWAYS 2014

In 2014, the railways developed in industrialareas situed on the north of the city.

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16EVOLUTION : synthetic map 1780

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17INFRASTRUCTURES EVOLUTION : synthetic map 1850

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18EVOLUTION : s ynthetic map 1930

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19INFRASTRUCTURES EVOLUTION : synthetic map 1970

20 SYNTHETIC MAP



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SYNTHETIC MAP 2014

The second map shows that the infrastructureof the city has adopted three different typesof development depending if it is in the north,the center or the south. In the North of thecity, as showed in the sections ( on the rightboard) - the networks are parallel and, most ofthem are in the same direction. The networksmerge into the center - the tramways andthe cars overlap. In the South, the networksoverlap physically and vertically. The roadsand the cycling are below the railway networkwhich is also below the highway. The highwayhas a height of 15 meters.

21INFRASTRUCTURES SYNTHETIC MAP



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23INFRASTRUCTURES SECTIONS




INFRASTRUCTURES SECTIONS



25INFRASTRUCTURES SECTIONS : From North to South



INFRASTRUCTURES SECTIONS : From North to South

26SECTIONS



SECTIONS

R4 _ INDUSTRIEWEG

In the north, on the ring R4, the water net-work and the road network are parallel butdetached. Industries settle in this in-betweenaera, creating a limit in addition to the large-scale of infrastructures.





28SECTIONS



SECTIONS

R4 _ BINNENRING-DRONGEN

In this aera, we still nd a system of parall net -works. There is a wide water canal with twospeed ways and two bike lines on each shore.Because of the scale of this infrastructures,the crossing is possible only by bridge.




30SECTIONS



SECTIONS

R40_ GASMETERLAAN / NIEUWEVAART

We notice that on this path called R40, wend two highways on either side of the canal.Despite the name, nothing seems to indicatethat we are on the ring of the city (audio anal-ysis).





32SECTIONS



SECTIONS

(R40) _ BLAISANTVEST

On this section, we realize that we are still in asystem of parallel infrastructures. Tram, roads,bike lanes and parking areas are aligned sideby side, which increases the width of thestreet becoming dif cult crossable. Becauseof its location (old walls) and this set of infra-structure, this street seems more easily iden-ti able and adapted to the ring R40.




38SECTIONS



A14 / LAND RODELAAN

This section presents a typical case of theSouth: the intersection and overlay height in-frastructure. Therefore Highway passes over15 meters high, creating a quiet space andeasily through below. The train passes justbelow perpendiculary, about 9m high. Tworoads and tram pass in parallel to the high-way, at level 0. Parking areas are situatedbelow the viaduct. Despite this large numberof infrastructure and the width of the street, itremains easily crossable and proves that thehighway is not necessarily a limitation.




40SUBJECTIVE MAPS



41INFRASTRUCTURES SUBJECTIVE MAPS



SENSIBLE VISION OF THE CITY OF GHENT

42SENSITIVE ANALYSIS



SENSITIVE ANALYSIS

We tried to communicate our vision of the cityof Ghent, through its infrastructure, more sub-

jective.

PHYSICAL LIMITS

The city has it’s own physical limits, which arenot necessarily drawn to the scale of the in-frastructure. In the city of Ghent, the highwayisn’t always a limit- especially because of itsheight , when as the railways - as thin as theyare, are real obstacles to overcome in the city.

43INFRASTRUCTURES SENSITIVE ANALYSIS



EMPTY SPACES

The black map- is a negative map - of all in-frastructures , roads, railway and the canals.It shows empty areas, without any kind of net-work, which are not necessarily at the periph-ery of the city.




VISUAL LIMITS

The third map is about the visual limits thatwe perceive from the roads. The visual andphysical limits are not always the same, somepublic spaces or green spaces are totally hid-den from the network. Finally , the last mapsuggests some areas that have caught ourattention.




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book groupe infrastructure

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