Book ReviewsBOOK REVIEWS published in this section reflect the opinions of their individual authors. They are not necessarily the opinions of the Editors ofthis journal or of AIAA.

Book Review: Boundary Layer AnalysisJoseph A. Schetz and Rodney D. W. Bowersox, Second Edition, AIAA Education Series, AIAA, Reston, VA, 2011,

652 pp.

DOI: 10.2514/1.J052291

Since its introduction by Ludwig Prandtl in 1904,boundary-layer analysis has become an important tool to

study and analyze the effects of molecular diffusion onmomentum, heat, andmass transfer near solid boundariesat high Reynolds numbers. A unified approach in the studyof these transport processes is necessary to understand the

similarities between them and to develop commonmethods of solution. This text presents the subject in thisunified approach, and it covers a broad range of flows,from low speed to hypersonic. The primary emphasis is on

the numerical and analytical methods in dealing withpractical flows of engineering interest. Several computercodes in the form of JAVA applets are available asexamples to illustrate their use. Most chapters also contain

a set of exercises.The text is divided into 12 chapters. Chapters 1–5

provide a broad coverage of laminar boundary layers,

including both incompressible and compressible flows.The derivation of the boundary-layer equations from thefull Navier–Stokes equations in Chapter 1 is elegant and isone of the best I have seen. Chapter 2 presents the

approximate integral techniques of the Pohlhausen andthe Thwaites–Walz method for laminar boundary-layeranalysis. The JAVA applet for the Thwaites–Walz methodis introduced in this chapter, in which the relationship

between wall friction, heat transfer, and mass transfer iselucidated. Chapter 3 deals with the derivation of thedifferential boundary-layer equations. This is followed by

few exact solutions of the boundary-layer flows inChapter 4. Similarity solutions for non-Newtonian fluidsare also included. The finite difference numerical discretiz-ation of the boundary-layer equations is described in detail,

covering both explicit and implicit methods. The chaptercloses with worked examples using JAVA applets and abrief description of the finite element method. Chapter 5provides a detailed account of compressible boundary

layers with a discussion of the Howarth–Dorodnitsyn,Crocco, and the general Levy–Lees transformations. Thechapter closes with a discussion of laminar high-speedflows in which real gas effects are important.

Chapters 6–10 deal with turbulent boundary layers,starting with a discussion of transition in Chapter 6.Hydrodynamic stability theory and the eN method to

predict the onset of transition are presented. The effects of

wall roughness, pressure gradients, and injection andsuction on the onset of transition are covered in thischapter. Chapter 7 gives a detailed account of wall-bounded flows. Turbulence modeling is introduced in thischapter, covering the concepts of turbulent boundary-layerstructure, turbulent kinetic energy, mixing lengthhypothesis, eddy viscosity models, and Reynolds stressclosures. Both mean flow integral methods and numericalmethods using JAVA applets are discussed. Chapter 8covers internal laminar and turbulent flows including non-Newtonian and high-speed flows. The laminar far wakeregion, which admits linearization of the equations ofmotion, and jets and simple shear flows, which admitsimilarity solutions, are considered in Chapter 9.Chapter 10 covers wall-bounded, turbulent variabledensity flows with heat and mass transfer. Toward theend, high-speed flows with chemical reactions areincluded. Complex, three-dimensional (3-D) externalboundary layers are covered in Chapter 11. Here, thedifferences between two-dimensional (2-D) and 3-D flowsare highlighted, the major ones being the existence ofsecondary flows, response to adverse pressure gradients,and modified physical interpretation of integral quantitieslike displacement and momentum thicknesses. Appro-priate integral and differential methods for 3-D boundarylayers are also covered. This chapter concludes with a briefdiscussion of 3-D turbulent jets. The limitation of theboundary-layer approximation todealwith flow separationis discussed inChapter 12with the inclusion of a numericalsolution of the full Navier–Stokes equations. This chaptercovers coupled-explicit and implicit formulations of thecompressible finite volumemethod. Important issues, suchas numerical stability via artificial dissipation and fluxvector splitting, are explained. The chapter concludes withan applet for 2-D compressible flow using the explicitformulation ongeneralized curvilinearmeshes. This appletenables one to perform separated flow simulations.

The major strength of the book is the clarity and itspracticality. The minor weakness I can find is the lack ofextensive examples within each chapter. In balance, I findthe text very comprehensive and very useful for graduatestudents and practicing engineers in fluid mechanics.

Naseem AnsariANSYS, Inc.

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