Border problemsBorder problems

India’s India’s persecultion of persecultion of the Sikhsthe Sikhs

Mrs. Gandhi Mrs. Gandhi assassinated!assassinated!

Indira’s son.Indira’s son. Prime Minister of Prime Minister of

India, 1984-1989.India, 1984-1989. Some reform of Some reform of

economy and economy and government.government.

Also faced Also faced rebellion.rebellion.

Assassinated in Assassinated in 1991 while 1991 while campaigning.campaigning.

Rajiv Rajiv GandhiGandhi

Italian-bornItalian-born Sonia Maino Sonia Maino married married RajivRajiv 1968. 1968. She movedShe moved into the into the househouse of mother- of mother-in-in- law, Prime law, Prime Minister Minister Indira Indira Gandhi.Gandhi.

A foreigner joins the A foreigner joins the familyfamily

1983 1983 Indian Indian citizen. citizen. 1984 1984 first first ladylady when her when her husband, husband, Rajiv Gandhi, Rajiv Gandhi, succeeded his succeeded his assassinated assassinated mother as Prime mother as Prime Minister. Minister.

Mrs. Sonia Maino Mrs. Sonia Maino GandhiGandhi

1991 1991 Tragedy struck the Gandhi Tragedy struck the Gandhi family again when Rajiv was killed by family again when Rajiv was killed by a suicide bomber. a suicide bomber.

Sonia GandhiSonia Gandhi remains remains RomanRoman Catholic, but Catholic, but follows follows HinduHindu and Indian and Indian traditions. traditions. With her With her children, she children, she scattered scattered Rajiv's ashes Rajiv's ashes in the in the Ganges. Ganges.

After Rajiv's death Sonia shied away After Rajiv's death Sonia shied away from from the spotlight. In 1998, she agreed to the spotlight. In 1998, she agreed to startstart her own career as a “Gandhi” again her own career as a “Gandhi” again andand became an important political leader. became an important political leader.

Sonia's son Rahul and daughter Sonia's son Rahul and daughter Priyanka Priyanka have also become politically have also become politically active. active.

When her When her partyparty won in the won in the recent recent elections, elections, she was asked she was asked to be Prime to be Prime Minister. Minister. She decided She decided notnot to accept the to accept the position. position.

““The Jewel turns down The Jewel turns down the crown!”the crown!”

May 2004 May 2004 he he held up a letter held up a letter from India's from India's president president authorizing him to authorizing him to form a new form a new government as government as prime minister. prime minister. He stood next toHe stood next to Sonia Gandhi, the Sonia Gandhi, the candidate for the candidate for the post who stunned post who stunned the country when she declined the the country when she declined the office. office.

Manmohan SinghManmohan Singh

May 2004May 2004 India Swears in 13th Prime India Swears in 13th Prime Minister Minister and the first Sikh in the job. and the first Sikh in the job.

Overpopulation Overpopulation 1 billion & 1 billion & climbing.climbing.

Economic development.Economic development. Hindu-Muslim tensions.Hindu-Muslim tensions. Gender issues Gender issues dowry killings. dowry killings. Caste bias Caste bias discrimination discrimination against against untouchables untouchables continues.continues.

The Kashmir dispute and nuclear The Kashmir dispute and nuclear

weapons. weapons. Political assassinations.Political assassinations.

Major problems & Major problems & Issues Issues

in india todayin india today

Greater tamil naduGreater tamil nadu

Tamil Separatism:Tamil Separatism:The “tamil tigers”The “tamil tigers”

Is the dream Is the dream gone?gone?

Led briefly by Led briefly by Muhammad Ali Jinnah.Muhammad Ali Jinnah.

Prime Minister Ayub Prime Minister Ayub Khan.Khan.

Dangerous combinationDangerous combination Was not prepared Was not prepared

to rule in 1948.to rule in 1948. Strong Islamic Strong Islamic

fundamentalism.fundamentalism. Impoverished.Impoverished.

Pakistan divides in 1972Pakistan divides in 1972 W. Pakistan = PakistanW. Pakistan = Pakistan E. Pakistan = E. Pakistan =

BangladeshBangladesh

pakistapakistann

First Woman Prime First Woman Prime Minister, 1988Minister, 1988 Ousted in 1990, Ousted in 1990,

1993 on 1993 on corruption corruption charges.charges.

Nawaz SharifNawaz Sharif Ousted three Ousted three

times.times. Struggle between Struggle between

modernizers and modernizers and fundamentalists.fundamentalists.

Benazir BhuttoBenazir Bhutto

Coup d’etatCoup d’etat.. Secular government against Secular government against Islamic Islamic fundamentalists. fundamentalists. U.S. ally in the “War on U.S. ally in the “War on Terror.”Terror.”

Gen. Pervex Gen. Pervex MusharaffMusharaff

Economic development.Economic development. Political instability/militaryPolitical instability/military dictatorship. dictatorship.

Hindu-Muslim tensions.Hindu-Muslim tensions. Gender issues Gender issues honor honor killings.killings.

Terrorism.Terrorism. The Kashmir dispute and The Kashmir dispute and nuclear nuclear weapons. weapons.

Major problems & Major problems & Issues Issues

in Pakistan todayin Pakistan today

India-Pakistan Border DisputesIndia-Pakistan Border Disputes

1971 India-Pakistan War1971 India-Pakistan War

Mrs. Gandhi with her troopsMrs. Gandhi with her troops

2002 Military Statistics2002 Military Statistics

Kashmir CrisisKashmir Crisis

Indian Soldiers Patrol the India-Indian Soldiers Patrol the India-Pakistan Border in Pura, the Winter Pakistan Border in Pura, the Winter

Capital of the State of Capital of the State of Jammu & Jammu & KashmirKashmir - 1998 - 1998

Indian Soldiers Near the Indian Soldiers Near the Pakistani Border - 2001Pakistani Border - 2001

A Pakistani Ranger at the A Pakistani Ranger at the Indian-Pakistani Joint Border Indian-Pakistani Joint Border Check Post in Wagha, India - Check Post in Wagha, India -

20012001

Anti-war Protestors in Anti-war Protestors in Karachi, Pakistan - 2001Karachi, Pakistan - 2001

Kashmiri Militants - 2003Kashmiri Militants - 2003

What title would you give What title would you give this political cartoon?this political cartoon?

The India-Pakistan Arms The India-Pakistan Arms Race Heats Up in the Late Race Heats Up in the Late

1990s1990s

2002 Nuclear 2002 Nuclear StatisticsStatistics

India’s Prithvi Missiles First India’s Prithvi Missiles First Tested in 1988Tested in 1988

Supporters of former Indian Prime Supporters of former Indian Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee chant Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee chant nationalist slogans in support for nationalist slogans in support for

his nuclear policy - 1998his nuclear policy - 1998

Former Indian Prime Minister, Atal Former Indian Prime Minister, Atal Bihari Vajpayee, displays a sword Bihari Vajpayee, displays a sword

given to him by Sikh youths in New given to him by Sikh youths in New Delhi to honor him for making India Delhi to honor him for making India

a nuclear power - 1998a nuclear power - 1998

Right-wing Pakistani Right-wing Pakistani Activists Burn Indian Flag to Activists Burn Indian Flag to Protest Indian Nuclear Tests Protest Indian Nuclear Tests

- 1998- 1998

Hot Air Balloon Protesting India Hot Air Balloon Protesting India & Pakistan’s nuclear testing - & Pakistan’s nuclear testing -

19981998

India Displays Nuclear India Displays Nuclear Missiles During “Republic Missiles During “Republic

Day,” - 2002Day,” - 2002

India Successfully India Successfully Tested Agni Missiles - Tested Agni Missiles -

20022002

Musharraf and Vajpayee at a Musharraf and Vajpayee at a meeting on nuclear issues in meeting on nuclear issues in

Nepal Nepal in 2002in 2002

Is this a possibility?Is this a possibility?

India's Prime India's Prime MinisterMinister

ManMohan ManMohan SinghSingh

Pakistan's Pakistan's PresidentPresident

Pervez Pervez MusharrafMusharraf

New Friends?New Friends?Musharraf and India's new Musharraf and India's new Prime Minister Manmohan Prime Minister Manmohan Singh speak by telephone Singh speak by telephone frequently affirming a strong frequently affirming a strong desire for peace and desire for peace and resolution of their disputes, resolution of their disputes, including Kashmir, on which including Kashmir, on which the two countries have the two countries have fought two of their three fought two of their three wars. wars.

Partners in the “War Partners in the “War on Terror?”on Terror?”

US Sells F-16 Jets to US Sells F-16 Jets to Pakistan—India Not Pakistan—India Not

Pleased!Pleased! (3/25/05)(3/25/05)

ManMohan Singh ManMohan Singh of India with of India with

President Bush President Bush (9/04)(9/04)