bose-einstein condensation bec equation of stateedu.itp.phys.ethz.ch/hs10/stat/slides/bec.pdf ·...
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Bose-Einstein condensation BEC
equation of state
compressibility V > Vc
diverges at z = 1
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Bose-Einstein condensation BEC
entropy (fixed )
entropy per particle
contribution to entropy from normal particles only
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Bose-Einstein condensation BEC
heat capacity (fixed N)
U
TTc
T3/2
T5/2
classical ideal gas
classi
cal ideal gas
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Bose-Einstein condensation BEC
phase diagram
p-V-diagram p-T-diagram
BEC
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Bose-Einstein condensation BEC
superfluid 4He bosonic atoms
BEC superfluid frictionless flow rigidity of condensate
„ - transition “
normalsuperfluid
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Bose-Einstein condensation BEC
ultra-cold atomic gases87Rb 37 electrons + 87 nucleons = 124 Fermions Boson
2000 Rb atoms in a trap Tc = 170 nK
velocity distribution
T > TcT ~ Tc T < Tc
macroscopicoccupation of
state withp = 0