braille script
TRANSCRIPT
THE BRAILLE SCRIPTJyothish MAsst. ProfessorAmrita Vishwavidyapeetham Universtiy
What is Braille?
Braille is a system of writing and printing for people how are blind or visually impaired, in which varied arrangements of raised dos representing letters and numerals are identified by touch.
Who developed it?
1809- 1852
Louis Braille
• Born in Paris• Became blind because of infection, at age 3• Went to regular school- brilliant student• Scholarship to study at Royal Institution for
Blind Youth• Re-invented Charles Barbier’s ‘night reading it
to present-day Braille system in 1824, at age 15• Standard English Braille adopted in 1932• First blind teacher at RIBY
Braille system
3 levels of coding in Braille
• Grade 1 (uncontracted Braille)a letter-by-letter transcriptionBraille characters are much larger than their printed equivalents, and the standard 11" by 11.5" (28 cm × 30 cm) page has room for only 25 lines of 43 characters. To reduce space and increase reading speed, most Braille alphabets and orthographies use ligatures, abbreviations, and contractions.
• Grade 2 (contracted Braille)an addition of abbreviations and contractions
• Grade 3 various non-standardized personal shorthands
(Unified English Braille- International Council on English Braille, 2004)
Comparison of Braille codes
Braille codes in all languages
Braille technology
• Braille translation software• Braille computers (obviously no
screen!)• Braille watch • Talking watches• Braille phone (2014)
UK and Australia
Ron McCallum: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QoTSdOkjEVs
Braille can be used everywhere!
Example of a table
Title TitleData Data
Note: PowerPoint does not allow have nice default tables – but you can
cut and paste this one
Example of a chart (4 colours)
0102030405060708090
1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr
EastWestNorthSouth
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