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Page 1: Brain Fortiication: Preventing Alzheimer’s and Dementia€¦ · here you can see the neuron and then we have the axon and then dendrites, which are the projections at the ends,

Brain Fortiication: Preventing Alzheimer’s and Dementia

MODULE #11 - Lesson 3

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What is DementiaModule 11 - Lesson 3

Dementia is a serious loss of global, cognitive ability beyond what might be expected from normal aging. It’s not a single disease. Dementia encompasses a lot of different issues, Alzheimer’s would be a form of dementia. The affected areas can be memory, attention, language, problem solving. Symptoms must be present for at least six months in order to be diagnosed as having Alzheimer’s. Usually with most of these issues, like Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, and so forth, higher mental functions are usually affected first, so the things that are a bit more important for human functioning.

Alzheimer’s and Dementia GloballyThis 2004 world map shows the incidence of Alzheimer’s and dementia around the world. The areas that are in the darker reds, darker oranges have the highest rates of Alzheimer’s and dementia. For instance, Australia, the Scandinavian countries, pretty much the Western world has the highest incidence of Alzheimer’s and dementia.

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Asia and Africa have very minimal incidence of Alzheimer’s. It’s very apparent that there’s something happening in the Western world that is causing this.

Alzheimer’sAlzheimer’s is the most common form of dementia; it counts for 70% of all cases. It’s the sixth leading cause of death in the United States. That is very serious. In the third world it’s not even in the top ten. There’s no cure for the disease, and it worsens as it progresses and eventually leads to death.

If you know anyone who has Alzheimer’s, you know it’s not a nice condition. I once had a client whose mother had Alzheimer’s, and I remember going to her birthday party and it was sad to see my client having to interact with his mother and she didn’t even know who he was. Alzheimer’s is not great, especially for the people who are a part of the family. I’m sure the person who’s affected by Alzheimer’s is dramatically affected by it, but when their loved ones are seen as strangers, it is really tough for them.

The early symptoms of Alzheimer’s are often mistaken and thought to be age-related or manifestations of stress. If you’re stressed out or if you tell your parents, “Oh, you’re just old. You’re losing your mind,” that’s not necessarily what’s happening here. The most common early symptom is short-term memory loss.

As the disease advances, symptoms start to include confusion, irritability and aggression, mood swings, trouble with language, and then long-term memory loss starts to kick in. They don’t just forget what they did five minutes ago, but they don’t remember what they did five years ago. That’s obviously pretty troubling.

Gradually, bodily functions are lost, ultimately leading to death. It develops for unknown and variable amount of time, so it’s tough to really say when it starts. It’s like, “Well, I woke up yesterday, and my mum or my grandma started exhibiting these symptoms.” It’s tough to really know when it starts, so it usually

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takes some time before its full-blown and it becomes very apparent and then it gets diagnosed. The life expectancy following diagnosis is approximately seven years, which is unfortunate.

Fewer than 3% live more than 14 years after diagnosis. You’d want to develop Alzheimer’s as late in life as possible, but we know we’re seeing a lot of people developing it at 60 and in around those years. That’s pretty young.

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Physiological Indications

Next let’s look at some of the physiological indications in the brain that tell scientists and doctors that there is a problem going on? People with Alzheimer’s develop neuritic plaques. Here we have an amyloid precursor protein and this breaks up into little particles and one of the particles is called a beta amyloid protein.

This beta amyloid protein accumulates in an area and forms plaques. The problem with this is that it reduces space for your neurons. In these pictures the black spots indicate neuritic plaques. You can see that they’re literally taking up real estate for your brain’s, your nervous system’s normal neurons and the fewer neurons you have, the less brain power you’re going to have.

Another thing that’s happening is called neurofibrillary tangles. In these images here you can see the neuron and then we have the axon and then dendrites, which are the projections at the ends, the squiggly lines inside the neuron

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are the neurofibrillary tangles. Outside we have amyloid plaques, which are the neuritic plaques we just talked about.

These tangles are a question of protein that intertwine together. I’ll give you a perfect example from my kitchen. In one of our drawers, we have all these wires from headphones you get with an iPod. If you’ve got two or three iPods around the house and all these wires will get tangling up.

That’s essentially what’s happening in the nervous system. You have all these wires that are tangled together. I don’t know if you’ve ever worked with a lapel microphone where the wire becomes tangled and leads to static. It’s the same thing here,

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where the tangling of these fibers within our neurons is leading to a loss of communication.

The third thing and this image basically sums it up right here. On the right we have a cross-section, one half of the brain. This would be a normal brain on the right-hand side, and this, on the left, is an Alzheimer’s brain. It’s shrunk in size by almost 40%

We look at these things like the plaques, the tangles, all of this is reducing the amount of space we have for our neurons and our brain is shrinking. That’s what’s happening with Alzheimer’s, and that’s why you lose all of these important functions.

If you think about your brain as a hard drive on a computer, if you have a bigger memory storage capacity in your computer, you’re going to be able to remember more and do more. Well, in Alzheimer’s we’re basically working with a 1980 computer that has one-one thousandth the capacity of a new-generation computer.

The third thing is that we have this loss of neurons. Generally, the loss of neurons causes the brain to shrink. Fewer neurons equal less transmission, equals lower brain function. We also have a decrease in cholinergic, noradrenergic, and serotonergic neurotransmitters. These are important neurotransmitters, so acetylcholine, noradrenaline, and serotonin are three important neurotransmitters in the brain, and we have fewer of them, so we’re not obviously communicating between nerve cells. Those are the three big physiological indications that occur with Alzheimer’s disease.

Risk FactorsThe risk factors include age and head trauma are all risk factors. There’s new research showing that the less education you have, the greater the risk of developing Alzheimer’s or dementia. If you’re female, have a family history; have vascular risk factors, like high blood pressure, smoking, all of these will compromise the blood flow to the brain, and that’s obviously going to have an impact; and diabetes. If you have diabetes, you have a 65% greater risk of developing Alzheimer’s. That’s what the research is showing.

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I don’t want to use these as excuses. If you have somebody in your family who has Alzheimer’s, we’ve seen that genetics is such a small portion of outcomes. What we do with our lifestyle is what’s most important, and you’re going to see some very simple things that can make a profound difference. What I’m about to show you is going to seem overly simplistic in terms of preventing cognitive loss, but it’s so powerful.

Insulin ResistanceInsulin resistance has been shown to increase the levels of plaque brain tangles. This is due to excess blood sugar due to insulin resistance is known to cause advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) which are hardened sugar on a group of protein.

It’s kind of like the Maillard reaction that we looked at. For instance, if you put bread in a toaster, it comes out blackened or toasted; that’s an advanced glycation end-product. We don’t want too much of that in our body because of these AGEs and what they can do in terms of not just brain health, but all other areas of health as well.

Insulin resistance correlates directly with diabetes. If you have diabetes or insulin resistance, you need to get it under control.

Thyroid TroublesThyroid troubles. There was a study done in the Archives of Internal Medicine looking at men and women with thyroid issues and they found that women but not men who had a sluggish thyroid had more than double the risk for developing Alzheimer’s disease.

InflammationAnd inflammation. I’m going to argue this is a huge cause of Alzheimer’s. Alzheimer’s is essentially a disease of inflammation in the brain. I showed you that the image of the Alzheimer’s brain was maybe half the size of a normal brain, so you’re thinking, Well, if I’m inflamed, it’d be bigger. Well, the reality is that when we have inflammation that leads to all sorts of processes to degrade the health of our tissues.

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In a 2009 study done in the Journal of Neurology; wanted to find out if you already have predisposed dementia or Alzheimer’s, does having an infection make that worse? They looked at inflammation in the sense of production of a proinflammatory cytokine called tumor necrosis factor, TNF. It plays an important role in the immune-to-brain communication. TNF plays, it’s important in that communication pathway.

Acute systemic inflammatory events, like a cold or a flu or a virus which leads to inflammation was associated with an increase in blood or serum levels of TNF and a twofold increase in the rate of cognitive decline over a six-month period.

High baseline levels of TNF were associated with a fourfold increase in the rate of cognitive decline. And subjects who had lower levels of blood TNF showed no cognitive decline over a six-month period. So, inflammation is a big factor in people who already have Alzheimer’s and those who don’t but could potentially as they age.

TreatmentTreatment. There is no known medical treatment, thus, prevention is key.

PreventionHow do we prevent Alzheimer’s and dementia? Well, we can look at our diet, cognitive tuning, leisure activities, exercise, and purpose-driven life. All are really important.

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Brain Food

Let’s talk about brain food for a second. We want to optimize vitamin D levels through safe sun exposure and or vitamin D supplements. Vitamin D is one of the most important vitamins and antioxidants in the body. It’s very important to get outdoors fully exposed, no sunscreen for 15 to 20 minutes three times a week. Very important.

Healthy fats for healthy neurons and cell membranes. If your diet consists of margarine, canola oil, processed, deep-fried oils, that is what your cell membranes will be made of. Your nervous system is 90% fat so if you’re eating garbage fats, your nervous system’s going to be garbage. You need to be incorporating more omega-3 fatty acids. We saw this in Module 3, how important they are for brain health. Omega-3 fatty acids, EPA, and DHA very important for brain function; monounsaturated fats; coconut oil with MCTs. They’re going to make a huge difference for all levels of your health.

We want to avoid processed foods because aspartame, MSG, all of that stuff are neurotoxins, so they’re going to deplete neurotransmitters. We should also avoid sugar because of its role in diabetes and insulin resistance and the fact that it just eats away at pretty much everything in your body.

Gluten. There are some preliminary theories stating that gluten might have an impact on the brain. We don’t know if it’s directly related to Alzheimer’s, but we know that there’s a relationship between the gut and the brain. We also know that gluten is a big problem for most human beings. We know that it’s associated with many different issues, so I would err on the side of caution and avoid it. If you eat bread your mood will be different than when you don’t. You will feel more irritable and aggressive. That’s what I’ve noticed in myself and a lot of my clients.

Reduce exposure to heavy metals and pesticides. This should be a no-brainer because, as we’ve seen, heavy metals and pesticides have an affinity for the nervous system because they tend to lodge in fat tissue. We saw a couple lessons ago that pesticide exposure was linked to about a two-and-a-half

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time increased risk for Parkinson’s and perhaps Alzheimer’s too. Mercury, aluminum, lead, cadmium, are all going to have an effect at some level. It’s tough to say if they’re causative, but they’re going to have an effect at limiting or reducing your cognitive function.

Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables. You’re going to get tons of antioxidants, which is going to help reduce free radical damage in the brain. They’re anti-inflammatory, which we now know is very important for all levels of health, not just brain health. This is the same process for preventing cancer, for preventing heart disease; it’s the same thing. That’s why I continue to say “How you heal anything is how you heal everything.”

Coconut For Your Brain?Coconut contains medium chain triglycerides (MCTs) and research shows that they break down into ketone bodies or ketones, which means that they’re burned as a carbohydrates instead of fat and they go right to the brain to provide the brain with food, because the brain uses sugar as food, but it converts a lot of that to ketone bodies, and that’s the preferred fuel source for brain cells.

MCTs appear to increase cognitive function. Due to the decline of Alzheimer’s, cerebral glucose metabolism seems to suffer as the mitochondria in those brain cells become less able to absorb and use glucose. Acting as a glucose substitute, ketones from the breakdown of MCTs offer the simple fuel for the dysfunctioning mitochondria in the brain cells to use for energy.

MCTs bypass the typical cellular respiration Krebs cycle electronic transport chain that most cells go through to produce ATP, and these ketones from MCTs in coconuts provide instant energy for your brain cells. We also know that coconut oil’s tremendously beneficial for cell membranes.

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CurcuminCurcumin. A 2013 study shows that curcumin turns on a key gene signal involved in the protection of your nerves. It boosts antioxidant enzymes in the brain and prevents neurodegeneration.

In a study done in the Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry researchers used high levels of quinolinic acid, a potent neurotoxin, to cause extensive free radical-induced nerve damage. When brain cells are in an inflamed state, they can metabolize tryptophan into quinolinic acid. That’s just another reason why inflammation is problematic.

The researchers found that curcumin significantly prevented the damaging effects of quinolinic acid. It also boosted key antioxidant enzyme systems that protect the brain from stress. It also increased superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase in the brain. Curcumin could be the most powerful antiinflammatory food we know of.

Curcumin worked by activating a gene transcription factor called NRF-2, which boosts multiple aspects of brain defense. This spice could be one of the reasons people in India have Alzheimer’s on a very low scale.

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Brain-Friendly Habits

Let’s look at some other brain-friendly habits other than food. First of all, we want to get 15 to 30 minutes of physical exercise every single day because oxygen feeds your brain. If you’re breathing in lots of oxygen it’s a good thing for your brain. According to one study, the odds of developing Alzheimer’s were nearly quadrupled in people who were less active between the ages of 20 and 60 compared with their peers.

Spend about five minutes every day working on the refinement of a specific small domain of your physical body. Children spend a lot of time developing their fine motor skills, like grabbing, picking things up, putting them into another bowl. As adults, we can do that as well but perhaps on a slightly different scale.

You know Star Trek and the Vulcan symbol? Here’s an example of a small motor skill that you can refine. I can’t do it on the both hands, however, if I committed to spending five minutes a day training my left hand to do it too, I guarantee that within a couple of weeks, I would be doing it no problem. That’s simply because the muscles in our body receive communication from our nerves, and our nerves are connected to our brain.

This is why visualization is so important because when you visualize, you create images in your mind, which directly feed the nerve communication to your muscles. That’s why athletes visualize because their bodies are literally forecasting the events before they happen. When they do it, for instance, a diver, they know exactly how to twist, and it’s almost automatic by the time they’re off the diving board.

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That’s why all the habit-conditioning audios we’ve been doing use visualization. If you can spend five minutes a day to work on some kind of motor skill it’s very powerful. That’s going to stimulate your brain; it’s going to stimulate different pathways in your body.

You want to find ways to engage yourself in new learning as a continuous aspect in your life. We talked about this in the healthy-aging lesson. As I’ve mentioned, I’m taking up my pilot’s license. That’s a huge stretch in terms of really straining my brain to learn stuff and that’s a good thing because learning new skills is very important.

So, learning new language, picking up a new instrument, the psychology will tell us that after 13, we’re pretty much done, we can’t change. That’s nonsense. Our brains are plastic. Sure, it’s easier to adopt things earlier on but as you’re going to see in a moment, our brains are constantly evolving, so you want to always be learning new things, because if you’re not growing, you’re dying.

Stay socially engaged. Isolation is not meant or humans. We are social beings. Get together with friends, and people that inspire you that motivated you, that don’t drag you down. It’s very important to stay socially engaged, especially as you age. Going into an old-age home by you, watching TV all day, that’s a recipe for disaster.

Practice mindfulness. This is an example that was a recommendation by one of the doctors that I’m going to talk to you about in a moment, but he talks about, for instance, attentively focusing on the world you again, so as if you’re seeing it for the first time. It’s kind of like The Power of Now, that Eckhart Tolle book, where you’re looking at a flower and you just immerse yourself in the moment of just appreciating the flower, all its petals, and all this stuff. Becoming more mindful, becoming more aware, kind of living in the moment, just kind of exploring different elements of everyday life that you see every single day. If you just look around you, just think about, Wow, I’m looking at a brick on my wall. If I really wanted to investigate that brick even deeper, I could think about the different divots on the brick. Where do they get these materials from? Just really investigating all this kind of stuff and challenging your brain.

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The Plasticity PreventionThe plasticity prevention. Plasticity means that changes occur in the brain, neural pathways and synapses are formed, which are due to changes in behavior, environment, and neural processes. Brain deterioration and aging is reversible. You look at any psychology magazine now, it doesn’t matter what you read, you can change your brain no matter what your age.

How? Well, it’s all about new and focused stimulation. That’s the key. It’s like with exercise. If you train your muscles, they will get stronger; if you don’t train them, they will wither away to nothing. If you go to space, your bones will lose bone mineral density. If you don’t use your brain, you will lose it.

Use It or Lose ItThe whole concept of use it or lose it is applicable pretty much in every single bodily system that we know of. Here’s something to think about. Most learning ends in our late 20s. That’s if you pursue a PhD. If you go through your bachelor’s, your master’s, your PhD, you’re probably in your late 20s by the time that’s done. Most people are not doing that; they’re finished in their early 20s.

The rest of our life is spent using what we know or what we’ve learned during school. We automate ourselves. We go to our job, we do the same thing over and over again. We drive our cars, we take the same routes over and over again. Driving in and of itself is an unconscious process for most of us. We’ve done it so often that we don’t even think about it, and we have to do this in a certain way to avoid overwhelming in terms of the stimulation coming into us from different sources, but at the same time, that’s also very detrimental to our brain health as we age.

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Automating tasks, whether it’s typing, if you work on an assembly line, things like that it does not stimulate your brain. It’s the same thing over and over and over again. It basically turns you into mush.

As we age our actions and decisions become slower due to the chatter in the brain. It’s kind of a fuzzier type of information and communication. It’s like if you tune the radio on one of those old FM radios and you’re trying to find the exact location, but between those frequencies, you have all this chatter. That’s kind of what’s happening in the brain as we age if we don’t stimulate it properly. Things become blurrier, fuzzier, and it’s not as clear-cut as it is when we’re young.

According to Dr. Merzenich, a professor emeritus at the University of California, the key factor for improving brain function or reversing functional decline is the purpose with which you engage in a task. Here’s a perfect image of a kid, maybe six or seven years old, who’s fully immersed and committed to what he’s doing.

My son Oscar does the same thing. He is almost 2 years old and I can’t stand toys so I Amy that I’d prefer not to have as many toys in the house because I just think it’s a waste of money and it takes up space.

He’s happiest when you give him two little plastic bowls and some blueberries. He’ll sit there for 20 minutes, moving blueberries from one bowl to the next, one bowl to the next. I gave him a pomegranate once. We split it in half and we just stood at our island in our kitchen and I literally watched him for 30 minutes pick apart the pomegranate seed by seed. That is seriousness of purpose.

He’s completely focused on the task at hand. It’s not he’s doing something and he’s checking his e-mail on his iPhone and he’s on the phone at the same time. Multitasking is a surefire way to just blow your brain up. It’s all about the seriousness of purpose, the focus on the specific task at hand.

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It’s never too late, as Nicole Kidman shows here with her Nintendo DS. Control studies in seniors have shown that after 40 hours of computer-based training the average improvement in cognitive performance was 11 years. I’m going to give you some really cool tools that you can kind of do some of this training for yourself.

Spend an hour or more a day for a month or two months to really develop your brain, and you’re seriously going to reduce your age in terms of cognitive ability and function.

Try This TodayCrossword puzzles, Sudoku. Sudoku drives me crazy. I don’t do it as much as I used to. A couple years ago, I remember flying to Mexico, and I spent the whole trip just on Sudoku; I was just immersed. My brain was captivated by this puzzle, trying to figure it out. That type of work the kind that almost hurts your mind, that’s what you want to be doing on a regular basis. Crossword puzzles, Sudoku. Remember Where’s Waldo? That book where you try to find Waldo amongst the crowd? Those are the types of things that are going to prevent dementia and other cognitive impairment.

Any game that challenges your brain and requires intense focus, that’s what you’re after. You need to focus on something that challenges you and gets you involved. Ideally, in terms of seriousness and purpose, you want to do things that mean something to you, so offer some reward in your life, and have some kind of meaning.

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I love researching this material because I know that if I can research this and master this above and beyond what I’ve learned in the past that means that I can bring this information to you. One of the best ways of learning is by teaching, and I firmly believe this in my years. The more I can teach, the better I absorb and learn this material.

Going through Super Nutrition Academy is an amazing feat, because you’re learning, you’re stretching your brain. Here’s a challenge I pose to you: Can you teach somebody else this information? Can you teach your kids, your spouse? Can you share this information in your local community center? Challenge your brain in ways that focuses you on learning new material in a way that’s meaningful to you.

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Turning Your brain Into Mush

I’m going to give you two ways to turn your brain into mush considering everything we just talked about. TV watching may be associated with dementia. On average, Americans watch four hours of TV per day. I’m definitely guilty of this through sports. But there are some studies that are showing that there could be a relationship between too much TV watching and dementia. It’s not a very stimulating activity and we kind of enter a trance. There’s also a neurochemical things that happens in the brain that doesn’t favor healthy brain development.

And then repetitive tasks. Working on an assembly line is an example of a very repetitive task. Whatever elements of your life are repetitive, repetition’s important in terms of developing daily rituals, which kind of automate your life a lot better, but there need to be elements of novelty; there need to be elements of new challenge and good stress so that you can learn. Remember, you’re either growing or you’re dying.

And baby brain. Amy talks about this quite a bit, and I’m sure a lot of new mothers do as well, where they spend all their time with these little babies and their brain turns to mush. There’s actually some research that shows that’s important because they become more forgetful as a way to focus their attention on their newborn.

Again, if you surround yourself with babies all day long, that’s all you’re going to know. You’re going to have to look at ways to stimulate your brain outside of just being a mom. That’s why I’ve seen a lot of parents who, once their kids are older, they go back to school. They want to learn a new craft, they want to start something new, they want to challenge themselves in a new way and that’s important.

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Can Video Games Help?How about this? We know that we’ve got video games coming out the yin-yang, but can video games actually help us? Here’s some interesting stuff. Jane McGonigal the author of Reality is Broken gave a TED Talk a while ago and she said that video games give us something that reality does not. For instance, video games fuel our core emotional needs. They give actions to us that have a deeper meaning.

For instance, I remember playing The Legend of Zelda which was a popular video game when I was growing up, and I remember there was this epic adventure that I needed to get to the next level and save the princess or do this or…

There are actions that have deeper meaning. There are things that taunt us with a fair shot at success. In life a lot of times, people working in very mundane jobs don’t believe that they can achieve their dreams because they feel hopeless based on whatever, their upbringing or self-belief, or the work they do.

Video games offer us a fair shot at success. It offers us a sense of pride of visible progress. You accumulate badges, weapons, different levels, and different statuses. We see ourselves progressing through these different stages of video games, and they facilitate social connections. Nowadays a lot of these games are virtually, so you can play different games online with people around the world, so it facilitates these social connections.

This sense of deeper meaning, showing us visible progress, the sense of working toward something bigger than ourselves. That’s why the purpose-driven life that I was talking about earlier, having a purpose, and we’re just talking about within a video game here. These are some of the reasons why

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so many people are addicted to video games. As Jane McGonigal says, compared with games, reality is trivial. Games make us part of something bigger and give epic meaning to our actions.

If you can take elements of games, bring them into your life, that’s a powerful life. But at the same time, some video games actually might be helpful for your happiness, for cognition, and for healthy aging.

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Why 3rd World Countries Don’t Suffer From Dementia

Let’s briefly look at why third-world countries don’t suffer from dementia. Here are my theories, first of all, they get more fresh air; they don’t spend all day indoors. Perhaps I’m generalizing here. As more of these countries become industrialized, that will change. From my experience traveling to Mexico and other third-world countries, I’ve just seen a lot of people just spending more of their time outdoors, so they get fresh air.

There’s more social engagement. They tend to have larger families and spend more time with their loved ones, and they’re more community-driven. In North America and the Western world, we’re very success-oriented, so we spend a lot of time, myself included, working on a task, on something that’s going to move us forward, and we tend to neglect our friends or our family a little bit more than some of these other countries.

Better diets. We know that people from third-world countries moving to the Western world start developing all sorts of issues like obesity and diabetes that did not exist in their homeland. They typically have more of an anti-inflammatory diet. In India they eat a lot of curry, which is full of curcumin, and we know that India has one of the lowest instances of Alzheimer’s and dementia in the world.

Here’s what some studies do show. Generally, they have young populations. The Western world has an increasingly larger amount of people that are aging or are older, so, therefore, we’re going to have more people that are going to have Alzheimer’s and dementia. In a lot of these developing nations, they have a lot of people that are young. Almost half their population’s under the age of 25 in a lot of cases, so they’re not going to have as much dementia obviously.

Secondly, there’s underreporting. There have not been as many studies or censuses or surveys done in some of these areas, which would lead to showing fewer cases of dementia. It’s really a combination, I think, of lifestyle and some of these underreporting measures.

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Brain Training ToolsI’m going to give you three brain-training tools. First one is called Brain HQ, and this was developed by Dr. Merzenich, which I mentioned to you earlier. If you go to this Web site, BrainHQ.positscience.com, they have a free training tool that you can use on a daily basis to speed all of your cognitive abilities.

Lumosity Brain Trainer, you may have seen this advertised on the Web. I do believe they have a free trial and then I think it’s paid afterward. Very similar stuff to Brain HQ.

And then Dr. Daniel Amen’s Brain Audit. He’s one of the leading experts in brain, everything to do with the brain. He’s got a number of books, Change Your Brain, Change Your Life. He’s got a ton of books on brain health. You can go to AmenClinics.com/Audit and take his brain audit and learn more about his stuff.

Try these brain-training tools on a daily basis, or do Sudoku, crossword puzzles. Find ways to engage your brain in something new and meaningful that is going to stimulate your brain to want to stick around.

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Coming in Lesson 4That is that for this lesson. Coming in Lesson 4, we’re going to talk about food addiction. We’re going to talk about the brain still but from a different perspective.

That’s coming in Lesson 4. I hope you’ve enjoyed this lesson. Take action on some of the stuff that I’ve given you, and I’ll see in Lesson 4.