brain images

8/13/2019 Brain Images

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Cerebral

hemisphere

Diencephalon

Cerebellum

Brainstem: (covered

by cerebrum)

Midbrain

Pons

Medulla oblongata

(d) Brain at birth (the diencephalon and superior portion of the brain stem

have been projected to the surface)

Spinal cord


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DIENCEPHALON:

Thalamus

Hypothalamus

Pineal gland

(part of epithalamus)

CEREBRUM

Pituitary gland

ANTERIOR

(a) Sagittal section, medial view

POSTERIOR

View

Gyruses are what

made up the

cerebrum. Sulci:

the lines in between

Septum colossal


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CEREBRUM

CEREBELLUM

Spinal cord

DIENCEPHALON:

Thalamus

Hypothalamus

BRAIN STEM:

Midbrain

Pons

Medulla oblongata

(b) Sagittal section, medial view


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Frontal plane

Periosteal

layer

Meningeal

layer

Subarachnoid

space

Arachnoid

villus

Falx cerebri

Skin

Parietal bone of

cranium

CRANIAL

MENINGES:

Dura materArachnoid mater

Pia mater

Cerebral cortex

(a) Anterior view of frontal section through skull showing the cranial meninges

Superior

sagittal sinus


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Subarachnoid

space CRANIAL

MENINGES:

Dura mater

Arachnoid mater

Pia mater

(c) Anterior view of frontal section


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POSTERIOR

Cerebrum

FOURTH

VENTRICLE

(a) Right lateral view of brain

ANTERIOR

LATERALVENTRICLES

THIRD VENTRICLE

AQUEDUCT OF THE

MIDBRAIN (CEREBRAL

AQUEDUCT)


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THIRD

VENTRICLE

Pons

Longitudinal fissure

LATERAL VENTRICLES

INTERVENTRICULAR

FORAMEN

MEDIAN APERTURE

AQUEDUCT OF THE

MIDBRAIN

FOURTH VENTRICLE

(b) Anterior view of brain


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Inferior aspect of brain

Olfactory bulb

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

View

Olfactory tract

Pituitary gland

Optic tract

Mammillary body

Cerebellar peduncles

Olive

Pyramids

Spinal nerve C1

Spinal cord

Cerebrum

CEREBRAL PEDUNCLE

OF MIDBRAIN

PONS

MEDULLA

OBLONGATA

Cerebellum


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(a) Superior view

View

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

ANTERIOR

LOBE

POSTERIOR

(MIDDLE)

LOBE

VERMIS (worm):

connects the two

hemispheres

CEREBELLAR

HEMISPHERE


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(c) Midsagittal section of cerebellum and brain stem

Gray

matter of

cerebellum

is Folia

(d) Midsagittal section

Cerebellum

Cerebral peduncle

Pineal gland

Mammillary body

Pons

WHITE MATTER

(ARBOR VITAE)

FOLIA

CEREBELLAR CORTEX

(GRAY MATTER)

Medulla oblongata

Central canal of spinal cord


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(c) Right lateral view with temporal lobe cut away

POSTERIORANTERIOR

Parietal lobe

Occipital lobe

Cerebellum

Frontal lobe

Insula

Temporal lobe

(cut)

Medulla oblongata

Spinal cord


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(a) Lateral view of right side of brain

Lateral ventricle

Thalamus

Tail of caudate nucleus

Occipital lobe

of cerebrum

POSTERIOR

Body of caudate

nucleus

Frontal lobe of

cerebrum

Putamen

Head of caudate

nucleus

ANTERIOR


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(b) Anterior view of frontal section

Frontal

plane

View


Septum pellucidum

Internal capsule

Insula

Thalamus

Subthalamic nucleus

Hypothalamus and

associated nuclei

Cerebrum

Corpus callosum

Lateral ventricle

Caudate nucleus

Putamen

Globus pallidus

Third ventricle

Basal

nuclei

Optic tract


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Cerebral cortex

Cerebral whitematter

Septum pellucidum

Caudate nucleus

Putamen

Globus pallidus

Anterior commissure

Third ventricle

Basalnu

clei

(c) Anterior view of frontal section


Corpus callosum

Lateral ventricle

Internal capsule

Fornix

Insula

Optic chiasm

Hypothalamus

Thalamus


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Cerebrum

Olfactory bulb

Olfactory tract

Optic chiasm

Optic tract

Midbrain

Cerebellum

CRANIAL NERVES:

OLFACTORY (I) NERVE: smell

OPTIC (II) NERVE: vision

OCULOMOTOR (III): eye move.

TROCHLEAR (IV)

TRIGEMINAL (V) NERVE

(a) Inferior aspect of brain

Spinal cord


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(a) Parts of a neuron

DENDRITES

CELL BODY

Neurofibril

Nucleus

Initial segmentAxon hillock

Mitochondrion

Cytoplasm Nissl

bodies

Nucleus of Schwann cell

Schwann cell:

Cytoplasm

Myelin sheath

Neurolemma

Node of Ranvier

Axon collateral

AXON

Nerveimpulse

Axon:

Axoplasm

Axolemma

Axon terminal

Synaptic end bulb

Neurofibril

Dendritic

spines


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Postsynaptic neuron

Nerve impulse

1Presynaptic

neuron

Synaptic end bulb

Neurotransmitterreceptor

Ligand-gated

channel closed

Ca2+

Ca2+

Ca2+channel

Cytoplasm

Ligand-gated

channel open

Na+

Ca2+

Synapticvesicles

Neurotransmitter

Nerve impulse

Synaptic cleft

2

2

3

4

5

6

(c) Synapse between neurons


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Epiglottis

Palatine tonsil

Lingual tonsil

Vallate papilla: bitter

Fungiform papilla

Filiform papilla: tiny

Foliate

papilla

(a) Dorsum of tongue showing location of papillae


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Vallate papilla

Filiform papilla

Fungiform papilla

Taste bud

(b) Details of papillae


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Sagittal

plane

Superior

rectus

muscle

Levator palpebrae

superioris muscle

CorneaPupil

Lens

Iris

Optic

nerve

(a) Sagittal section of eye and its accessory structures


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Cornea

Pupil

Iris

Lens

Retina

Choroid

Sclera

Fovea centralisOptic disc

(blind spot)Optic (II) nerve

Superior view of transverse section of right eyeball


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Lacrimal gland

Upper eyelid

(palpebra)

Superior lacrimal canal

Lacrimal sac

Nasolacrimal duct

(b) Anterior view of the lacrimal apparatus

Lacrimal gland

FLOW OF TEARS

Superior or inferior

lacrimal canal

Lacrimal ducts

Nasolacrimal duct

Lacrimal sac

Nasal cavity


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(a) Frontal section showing location of auditory ossicles in the middle ear

Malleus

Superior ligament

of malleus

Incus

Posterior ligament of incus

Stapes in oval window

(fenestra vestibuli)

Facial (VII) nerve

Lateral ligament

of malleus

Anterior ligament

of malleus (cut)

MEDIAL

Auditory tube

Middle earStapedius muscle

Tympanic membrane

External auditory canal

LATERAL

Round window

(fenestra cochlea)

Tensor tympani

muscle

Auditory

tube

Auditory ossicles

External ear

Middle ear

Internal ear

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