brain structure
DESCRIPTION
Brain Structure. Hindbrain. structures in the top part of the spinal cord, controls basic biological functions that keep us alive. . Medulla. controls blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing . Pons. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Brain Structure
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HINDBRAIN
• structures in the top part of the spinal cord, controls basic biological functions that keep us alive.
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MEDULLA
• controls blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing
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PONS
• connects the hindbrain with the mid and forebrain, also involved in the control of facial expressions
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CEREBELLUM
•portion of the lower brain that coordinates and organizes bodily movements for balance and accuracy
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MIDBRAIN
•between the hind and forebrain, coordinates simple movements with sensory information
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FOREBRAIN
• controls what we think of as thought and reason
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THALAMUS
•portion of the lower brain that functions primarily as a central relay station for incoming and outgoing messages from the body to the brain and the brain to the body
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HYPOTHALAMUS
•portion of the lower brain that regulates basic needs (hunger, thirst) and emotions such as pleasure, fear, rage, and sexuality
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AMYGDALA AND HIPPOCAMPUS
• two arms surrounding the thalamus, important in how we process and perceive memory and emotion
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THE LIMBIC SYSTEM
• The Hypothalamus, Amygdala and Hippocampus- • are grouped together and called because they all deal with aspects of emotion and memory
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CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
•brain and spinal cord
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PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM-
• all other nerves
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SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM-
• controls voluntary movements
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AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM-
• controls involuntary movements
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SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM-
• speeds things up•prepares body for fight or flight
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PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM-
•brings the body back to normal
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CEREBRAL CORTEX-
• covers the lower brain• controls mental processes such as thought
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FRONTAL LOBES
• contains the motor strip and frontal association area
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PARIETAL LOBES
• area that contains the sensory strip
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OCCIPITAL LOBES
• area that interprets visual information
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TEMPORAL LOBES
• area responsible for hearing and some speech functions
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HORMONESchemical regulators that control bodily processes such as:• emotional responses•growth• sexuality
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PITUITARY GLAND
• the master gland of the body that activates other glands and controls the growth hormone
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THYROID GLAND
• controls and regulates the speed of bodily processes called metabolism
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ADRENAL GLANDS
•glands that release the hormone that causes excitement in order to prepare the body for an emergency
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ADRENALINE
• chemical that prepares the body for emergency activity by increasing blood pressure, breathing rate, and energy level
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ABSOLUTE THRESHOLDS
minimum stimulation necessary to detect a stimulus 50% of the time • candle flame from 30 mi• watch ticking from 20 ft• wing of a bee falling on check from height of ½
inch• single drop of perfume in three-room apartment• one teaspoon of sugar in two gallons of water
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SIGNAL DETECTION THEORY
• absolute thresholds vary depending on experience, motivation, expectation, alertness (sister hearing baby cry)
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SUBLIMINAL
• any signal below threshold (by definition you will detect it some % of time)
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DIFFERENCE THRESHOLD
• the minimum difference that a person can detect between two stimuli
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WEBER’S LAW
• to perceive a difference, two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage (rather than a constant amount)