8/12/2019 Braind Drain Review 2nd BAC

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/braind-drain-review-2nd-bac 1/2

Mrs. Essediya Siragi

Class: 2nd

 BAC

1 

migrants - manpower - assistance - technology - opportunities - equipment - lecturers – salaries - gap -development - capital - transparency - research - skilled- professionals – drain - conditions – rights - living

– dynamic

Introduction

Statistics on the brain drain from Africa are scarce but troubling.

According to the International Organization for Migration (IOM), Africa has already lost one third of itshuman…………………………and is continuing to lose its………………………….personnel at an increasing rate, with an

estimated 20,000 doctors, university………………………, engineers and other………………………leaving thecontinent annually.

Causes Of Brain Drain

Push Factors Pull Factors

Lack of………………………………and other facilities,including support staff; inadequacy of researchfunds, lack of professional………………………and tools.

Low wages and………………………….Unsatisfactory living……………………, lack of

transport, housing, etc.Under-utilization of qualified personnel;

lack of satisfactory working conditions;low prospect of professional……………………… 

o  Substantial funds for research,advanced…………………………, modern facilities;availability of experienced support staff.

o  Higher wages and income.

o  Higher standard of ……………………….

o  Better working conditions.

Effects of Brain Drain

Negative EffectsReduces the already low quantity of skilled

……………………………available in African countriesand needed for their development.Reduces numbers of………………………and innovativepeople, whether entrepreneurs or academics.Increases dependence on foreigntechnical………………………….Slows the transfer of technology and widens the…………………………between African andindustrialized countries

Positive Effects Contribution of new skills

when………………………return. Remittances from skilled migrants boost

household welfare. Remittances support the balance of

payments.

Possible Solutions

  Develop and valorize Africa's human resourcesand create job and career……………………….

  Respect and consolidation ofhuman………………………and democracy, namelyfreedom of speech.

  Establish necessary and positive political,social and economic conditions that wouldserve as incentives to curb thebrain………………….

  The necessity of setting………………………asthe only criteria in promotions andappointments.

8/12/2019 Braind Drain Review 2nd BAC

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/braind-drain-review-2nd-bac 2/2

Mrs. Essediya Siragi

Class: 2nd

 BAC

2 

A.  Choose the right words:

developed – wages – flight – gain – developing – home – technically – skilled – stem – conditions 

1.  A lot of ……………… countries are facing the challenge of human capital……………….2.  Something should be done to…………………this phenomenon.3.  One way to deal with this problem is to provide high………………. and good working………………. for

highly…………………. people to keep them in their………………………country.4.  Brain ………………..occurs when……………………. countries receive………………… qualified people.

B.  Rewrite the following sentences using the words in brackets.1.  She was an account. She never seems to have any money. (although)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………  2.  He lost a lot of blood. He is in a stable condition. (In spite of)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………  3.  She was able to sing in the choir. She had a bad cough. (despite)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………  4.  He got up early. He arrived late to school. (However)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………  5.  Tim is in good shape. He doesn’t get much exercise. (Nevertheless) 

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………  

C.  Rewrite the following sentences using the correct relative pronoun.1. There are lots of bars and restaurants in the neighborhood. I live in the neighborhood.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………  2. My neighbor comes from Ecuador. He works on the fruit farms around the city.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………  3. The neighbor makes a lot of noise walking around. His flat is above mine.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………  4. The local market sells excellent local produce. It is a two-minute walk from my flat.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………  5. Sometimes he calls his friends. Calling his friends can be expensive.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………  6. Your father called the police. His car was stolen.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………  

D.  Respond to the following situations.1. Joe: I’m really thinking of quitting my present job and immigrating to Germany. 

You: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. Amal: I'm terrible at English and I think I should do something about it. What do you advise me to

do?  You: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….