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21.10.2014 Brain Teasers http://www.oliverwyman.com/careers/join-us/interview-preparation/brain-teasers.html 1/2 Overview Apply Now Interview Preparation Case Interviews Step 1: What Step 2: How Step 3: Case Studies Practical Tips Brain Teasers Recruiting Events How many words are there in the daily edition of The Times? How many songs are stored on iPods in the UK? How many spikes are there on the back of a hedgehog? These and other provocative questions await you, in preparation for your interview with Oliver Wyman. JOIN US HEDGEHOGS, IPODS, BIRTHDAYS: Puzzles to ponder ahead of your interview. TUBE TRAINS How many trains are there on the London Underground? For this type of structured estimation question, it is especially important to make your assumptions and thought process clear. You will be expected to make some simplifications as you go along. Getting the answer exactly right isn't required. You should start by stating any restrictions you are going to make to simplify the problem or make the scope more manageable. For example, you might want to consider operation during peak times only, and only cover trains actually in operation â excluding trains not in service, sitting in sidings CAREERS HOME ABOUT OLIVER WYMAN OUR PEOPLE & CULTURE YOUR CAREER OUR IMPACT JOIN US RECRUITING EVENTS SITE SEARCH APPLY NOW

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Page 1: brainteasers

21.10.2014 Brain Teasers

http://www.oliverwyman.com/careers/join-us/interview-preparation/brain-teasers.html 1/2

Overview

Apply Now

Interview Preparation

Case Interviews

Step 1: What

Step 2: How

Step 3: Case Studies

Practical TipsBrain Teasers

Recruiting Events

How many words are there in the daily edition of The Times? How many songs are stored on iPods in the UK? How many spikesare there on the back of a hedgehog? These and other provocative questions await you, in preparation for your interview withOliver Wyman.

JOIN US

HEDGEHOGS, IPODS, BIRTHDAYS:Puzzles to ponder ahead of your interview.

TUBE TRAINSHow many trains are there on the London Underground?

For this type of structured estimation question, it is especially important to make your assumptions and thought process clear. You will beexpected to make some simplifications as you go along. Getting the answer exactly right isn't required.

You should start by stating any restrictions you are going to make to simplify the problem or make the scope more manageable. For example, youmight want to consider operation during peak times only, and only cover trains actually in operation â excluding trains not in service, sitting in sidings

CAREERS HOME

ABOUTOLIVERWYMAN

OURPEOPLE &CULTURE

YOURCAREER

OURIMPACT

JOIN US RECRUITINGEVENTS

SITE SEARCH APPLY NOW

Page 2: brainteasers

21.10.2014 Brain Teasers

http://www.oliverwyman.com/careers/join-us/interview-preparation/brain-teasers.html 2/2

etc. In addition, you might want to clarify that the London Underground excludes the DLR.

Next break the problem into sub­questions or a logic flow to show the interviewer how you are thinking and that you grasp the key principles requiredto solve the problem. For example, for this question one key principle to establish at the start is the idea of "routes" or branches, rather thanindividual lines (a complex line such as the Northern line consists of several branches, and each train serves a particular branch rather than theentire line).

Question 1: How many individual routes are there on the underground?Your interviewer would expect you to make a sensible guess on the number of lines and routes, but would not expect you to get the answer spot onâ or would provide a Tube map for reference.

One might assume there are 10­12 lines and on average two routes or branches per line.

We estimate 25 distinct routes.

Question 2: What is the average number of stations on a route?Again, this is the type of question where a sensible guess should be sanity checked, with the interviewer if needed. We estimate there are 25stations for the average line. 25 stations on 12 lines gives 300 stations in total. This sounds reasonable.

However, to determine average number of stations on a route, we must be careful not to under­weight stations shared by multiple routes. One wayto solve this problem is to consider each route to be isolated, and that every station that is shared between say 2 routes, counts as 2 stations. Nowwe must estimate how many stations are 'doubles' â say half for simplicity, given that there are on average two routes per line.

This means the effective number of stations is (300 + (1/2 x 300)) = 450 effective stations.

The average number of stations on a route is then 450/25 = 18 stations per route.

Question 3: What is the average journey time per station?A reasonable estimate without any calculation would be to allow 4 minutes travel time per station (including time spent stood at platform): you couldestimate this based on your own experiences using the Underground.

Question 4: What is the average round trip time for a route?From the above, an average round trip on our average route would take 18 x 4 x 2 = 2hr 24mins. Allowing some time at the terminal, an averageround trip might take 2hrs 30mins.

Question 5: How frequently do trains stop at each station?Train frequencies at busy, central stations are every 2­3 minutes, often due to overlapping routes. Further out train frequencies can be as low asevery 15 minutes on some routes Again, this estimate would be based on your own experiences. A reasonable approximation for train frequency ona single route would be somewhere between the two. We assume every 7.5 minutes (equivalent to 8 trains per hour) during peak time.

Question 6: How many trains are required on an average route?To maintain a frequency of 8 trains per hour (given that the time taken for one round trip is 2 hrs 30 mins) would require 20 trains on each route(i.e. 8+8+8/2 )

Question 7: How many trains on the underground?There are 25 routes and 20 trains per route, so a very approximate figure for the number of trains on the London Underground at peak time is 20 x25 = about 500 trains. (This is very close to the actual figure!)

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