breeding for drought resistance in rice based on whole ... · pdf filegenetics & plant...
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www.aerobicrice.in
Dr. H. E. SHASHIDHAR Professor & Univ. Head, Genetics & Plant Breeding Department of Plant Biotechnology UAS, Bangalore
Breeding for Drought Resistance in Rice Based on Whole-plant
Architecture
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6/18/2014 IPPN Presentaion
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6/18/2014 IPPN Presentaion
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6/18/2014 IPPN Presentaion
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“Whole-Plant” Breeding • Plant Breeding in ‘totality’
• Give roots due credit as they – Support & Nourish – Open up new soil profiles for future civilizations – First line of defense against nematodes, bacteria,
fungi & root grubs, etc. – Roots control shoots – Manifest “Feed-Forward Response” – Reallocate resources as required
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Whole Plant Architecture
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10 cm
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EBTC Biotech Mission 2012 12
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Diversity for whole plant architecture
Soya Bean
Horsegram
Peanut
Pigeon Pea
Bengal Gram
Rice
Sunflower
Maize
Ragi
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Dehydrins
Root Morphology ABA Antheis Silking Interval
Stay Green
DREB 2
Carbon Isotope Discrimination Ratio
Permanent Wilting Point
Cell Elongation
Leaf Drying
Water Use Efficiency
Tip Firing
Flowering Delay
Leaf Water Potential
Stomatal Conductance
Weed Competitiveness
Heat Shock Proteins
Cell Wall Proteins
Seedling Vigor
Deep Root
Reactive Oxygen Scavenging Leaf Rolling
Stomatal Regulation
Earliness
Electrolyte Leakage
Osmotic Adjustment
Grain Yield
Nitrogen Use Efficiency
O18 C13
Epicuticular Wax
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What to Select for?
ROOTS
GRAIN YIELD
BIOMASS
Water Budgeting to represent “Target Population of Habitats”
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Selection: When/Where/Who
• Not to early in the segregating generations • Reject first and select later • Simultaneously select for traits in field and
green house • Involve farmers in selection • Drought-ready genotype is the target
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Introduction to ARB 6 Aerobic Rice
Manifests a high degree of drought resistance Bred under direct seeded and aerobic conditions
Has deep root system and fast growth
Extracts water from deeper layers when subjected to stress
Medium duration and MS grain type
No penalty on yield under well-watered condition
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Aerobic rice : Anagha (BI-33)
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Hybrid Aerobic Rice: Network Project Proposal Borrowed from Dr. Dave Mackill
IRRI, Philippines
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Hybrid Aerobic Rice: Network Project Proposal
Borrowed from Dr. Arvind Kumar IRRI, Philippines
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22 Dept. of Biotechnology 24/12/2011
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Rate of water uptake (g/day)* g/
day
23 Dept. of Biotechnology 24/12/2011
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Crop Canopy Air temperature Difference (CCATD) of many Rice Varieties
• Confirms BI-33 is drought tolerant variety • Pokkali too can survive under drought conditions
VARIETIES OF INTEREST
6/18/2014 5:30:43 PM IPPN Presentaion
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SUBERIN DEPOSITION
Ex – Exodermis En - Endodermis
6/18/2014 5:30:43 PM IPPN Presentaion
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XYLEM SAP TRANSLOCATION
Schematic Representation of Methodology
Shoot cut and covered with paper
6/18/2014 5:30:43 PM IPPN Presentaion
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02468
101214161820
Pokkali BI-33 IR-20 Jaya
Pass
age
cell
No.
Drought
Ex.
En.
02468
101214161820
Pokkali BI-33 IR-20 Jaya
Pass
age
cell
No.
Salt Ex.
En.
NUMBER OF PASSAGE CELLS
Ex – Exodermis En - Endodermis
6/18/2014 5:30:43 PM IPPN Presentaion
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JAYA CONTROL
IR-20
POKKALI BI-33
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BI-33 POKKALI
IR-20 JAYA DROUGHT
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- 6/18/2014 5:30:43 PM IPPN Presentaion
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6/18/2014 5:30:43 PM IPPN Presentaion
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6/18/2014 5:30:43 PM IPPN Presentaion
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