List of chicken breedsFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Thirty types of known chickens

There are hundreds of chicken breeds in existence.[1] Domesticated for thousands of

years, distinguishable breeds of chicken have been present since the combined factors

of geographical isolation and selection for desired characteristics created regional types

with distinct physical and behavioral traits passed on to their offspring.[2]

The physical traits used to distinguish chicken breeds are

size, plumage color, comb type, skin color, number of toes, amount of feathering,

nipple(areola) color, egg color, and place of origin.[1] They are also roughly divided by

primary use, whether for eggs, meat, or ornamental purposes, and with some

considered to be dual-purpose.[1]

In the 21st century, chickens are frequently bred according to predetermined breed

standards set down by governing organizations. The most commonly used of such

standards is the Standard of Perfection published by the American Poultry

Association (APA), the oldest livestock organization in the New World.[3][4] Others include

European standards (especially British ones), and that of the American Bantam

Association, which deals exclusively withbantam fowl.[4] Only some of the known breeds

are included in these publications, and only those breeds are eligible to

be shown competitively. There are additionally a few hybrid strains which are common in

the poultry world, especially in large poultry farms. These types are first generation

crosses of true breeds. Hybrids do not reliably pass on their features to their offspring,

but are highly valued for their producing abilities.[1]

Table of contents

By place of

origin: Australia • Austria • Belgium • Brazil • Bulgaria • Canada • Chile • China •Croatia • Cuba • Czechia • Egypt • Finland • France • German

y • Greece • India • Indonesia •Iran • Italy • Japan • Korea • Kosovo • Malaysia • Netherlands • New

Zealand • Norway •Pakistan • Philippines • Portugal • Romania • Russia • Serbia • Slovakia • Spain • Switzerland •Turkey • Ukraine • United

Kingdom • United States • Vietnam

By primary use: Eggs • Meat • Dual-purpose • Exhibition

Other: Bantams • Hybrids

See also   •    Footnotes   •    References

[edit]By place of origin

[edit]Australia

Australorp

Australekin

[edit]Austria

Altsteirer

Sulmtaler

[edit]Belgium

This d'Everberg rooster is one of a profusion of Belgian ornamental bantam chickens

Barbu de Watermael

Belgian Bearded d'Anvers  (or Antwerp Belgian)

Bearded d'Uccle

Belgian d'Everberg

Campine

Brabanter

Braekel  (Brakel)

[edit]Brazil

Balazēo Cealio

Brazilian Grey

Kalabèo

[edit]Bulgaria

Black Shumen chicken

Black Shumen chicken

Starozagorska red chicken

[edit]Canada

Chantecler

Red Shaver

[edit]Chile

Araucana

[edit]China

The Silkie is iconic for its unusual fur-like plumage

Cochin

Croad Langshan

Nankin

Pekin

Silkie

[edit]Croatia

Croatian Dwarf chicken  (Hrvatska patuljasta kokoš)

Dalmatian chicken  (Dalmatinska kokoš)

Hrvatica  (Hrvatica)

Križevac Crested chicken  (Križevačka kukmasta kokoš)

Sava Crested chicken  (Posavska kukumasta kokoš)

Slavonian Dwarf Naked Neck chicken  (Slavonska patuljasta golovrata kokoš)

[edit]Cuba

Cubalaya

Cubalaya

[edit]Czechia

Czech gold brindled hen  (Česká slepice zlatá kropenatá, Česká zlatá kropenka,

Češka)

Šumavanka

[edit]Egypt

Egyptian Fayoumi

[edit]Finland

Finnish Chickens

[edit]France

Faverolles

Bresse

Bourbonnaise

Crèvecœur

Faverolles

Houdan

La Flèche

Marans

[edit]Germany

Annaberger chicken

Augsburger chicken

Bergischer Long Crower

Bergischer Schlotterkamm

Bielefelder

Deutscher Sperber

Deutsches Reichshuhn

Dresdner chicken

East Frisian Gull

German Faverolles

German Langshan

Hamburg

Kraienköppe  (Twentse)

Lakenvelder

Niederrheiner chicken

Pfalz chicken  (Pfälzer Kampfhuhn)

Phoenix

Ramelsloher

Rheinlander

Saxonian Chickens

Sundheimer chicken

Thuringian Bearded chicken

Vogtländer chicken

Vorwerk

Westphalian chicken

[edit]Greece

Source [5]

Alonissos island Chicken

Boufunes

Curly Chicken Mutation

Follidotes Chicken

Greek Cuckoo spotted chicken

Hooded Greek Chicken

Chios Fighting Chicke

Kalamata Chicken

Komotini Long Crow Chicken

Lesvos Dwarf Naked Necked Chicken

Lesvos Fillianes Chicken

Milos Island Chicken

Pomak Fighting Chicken

[edit]India

Giri Raja  (The Forest King)

Kalinga Brown

Mumbai Desi

Grama Lakshmi

Naati Kori (Kudla)

[edit]Indonesia

Sumatra cock

Ayam Cemani

Bekisar  (interspecific hybrid)

Sumatra (chicken)

Kedu  (nationally standardized)

Nunukan /Tawao

Pelung  (long-crower, locally standardized)

Ketawa  ("laughing" or staccato-crower, local bred from Rappang, South Sulawesi)

Bali

[edit]Iran

Manx Rumpy  (or Rumpless Game)

Orloff  [3][6]

[edit]Italy

Leghorn

Ancona

Leghorn

Sicilian Buttercup

[edit]Japan

Japanese Bantam  (or Chabo)

Shamo  (or Ko-Shamo)

Tomaru

Totenko

Onagadori

[edit]Korea

Gangwon Jaeraedak

Jangmigye

Yeongsan ogye

Han Do

[edit]Kosovo

Kosova Long Crowing Roster

[edit]Malaysia

Malay

Serama

[edit]Marianas

Saipan Jungle Fowl

[edit]Netherlands

A Barnevelder trio

Barnevelder

Booted Bantam

North Holland Blue

Polish

Dutch Bantam

Hamburg

Welsummer

[edit]New Zealand

Bawu Hawu

New Zealand Junglefowl

Waki  Waki Hawa

[edit]Norway

Norwegian Jærhøne

[edit]Pakistan

Asil  (or Aseel)

Afghan game fowl

Buff chicken

[edit]Philippines

Philippine Native Chicken

[edit]Poland

Green-legged Chicken

Poland

[edit]Portugal

Pedrês Portuguesa

Amarela

Preta Lusitânica

[edit]Romania

Naked Neck

Transylvanian Naked Neck

[edit]Russia

Orloff

Yurlov Crower

[edit]Serbia

Banat Naked Neck  (Banatski gološijan)

Sombor chicken  (Somborska kaporka)

Svrljig chicken  (Svrljiška kokoš) [7]

[edit]Slovakia

Oravka

[edit]Spain

A Minorca rooster

Andalusian Pardo de León

Asturian Painted Hen

Castilian

Catalana  or Prat Leonada

Empordanesa

Euskal oiloa

Extremaduran

Flor d'Ametller

Ibiza

Indio de León

Majorca

Minorca

Murciana

Pedresa

Penedesenca

Pintarrazada

Pita Pinta Asturiana

Serrana de Teruel

Sobrarbe

Spanish game

Sureña

Utrerana

White-Faced Black Spanish

[edit]Switzerland

Appenzeller  (Barthühner and Spitzhauben)

Schweizer chicken  (Schweizerhuhn)

[edit]Turkey

Sultan

Hint Horoz

Gerze

[edit]Ukraine

Poltava

[edit]United Kingdom

The Buff variety of Orpington, here a rooster, is quite popular breed for smaller flocks.

Derbyshire Redcap

Dorking

Indian Game  (or Cornish)

Ixworth

Marsh Daisy

Modern Game

Muffed Old English Game

Norfolk Grey

Old English Game

Old English Pheasant Fowl

Orpington

Rosecomb

Scots Dumpy

Scots Grey

Sebright

Sussex

Yokohama

[edit]United States

Ameraucana

American Game

Blue Hen of Delaware

Brahma

Buckeye

California Gray

California White

Delaware

Dominique

Holland

Iowa Blue

Java

Jersey Giant

Lamona

New Hampshire

Plymouth Rock  (or Barred Rock, Rock)

Rhode Island Red

Rhode Island White

Winnebago

Wyandotte

[edit]Vietnam

Ac

Ga Noi

Ga Tre

[edit]By primary use

All chickens lay eggs, have edible meat, and possess a unique appearance. However,

distinct breeds are the result of selective breeding to emphasize certain traits. Any breed

may technically be used for general agricultural purposes, and all breeds are shown to

some degree. But each chicken breed is known for a primary use.

[edit]Eggs

Araucanas are one of the only breeds to lay blue or green eggs, and can be recognized by their lack of tail and

distinctive ear tufts

Many breeds were selected and are used primarily for producing eggs, these are mostly

light-weight birds whose hens do not go broody often.

Ameraucana

Ancona

Andalusian

Araucana

Asturian Painted Hen

Barnevelder

Campine

Catalana

Easter Egger

Egyptian Fayoumi

Norwegian Jærhøne

Kraienköppe  (Twentse)

Lakenvelder

Leghorn

Marans

Minorca

Orloff

Penedesenca

Sicilian Buttercup

White-Faced Black Spanish

Welsummer

[edit]Meat

Some breeds are preferred for meat alone, though the commercial broiler market is

currently monopolized by the Cornish-Rock (a hybrid of the Cornish and Plymouth

Rock). Many smaller farms and homesteads use dual-purpose breeds for meat

production.

Bresse

Indian Game  (or Cornish Game)

Ixworth

Jersey Giant

[edit]Dual-purpose

The Barred Plymouth Rock is a very popular dual-purpose breed

The generalist breeds used in barnyards the world over are adaptable utility birds good

at producing both meat and eggs. Though some may be slightly better for one of these

purposes, they are usually called dual-purpose breeds.

Australorp

Brahma

Braekel  (Brakel)

Buckeye

California Gray

Chantecler

Cubalaya

Derbyshire Redcap

Dominique

Dorking

Faverolles

Holland

Iowa Blue

Java

Jersey Giant

Marsh Daisy

Naked Neck

New Hampshire

Norfolk Grey

Orpington

Plymouth Rock

Poltava

Red Shaver

Rhode Island Red

Rhode Island White

Scots Dumpy

Scots Grey

Sussex

Winnebago

Wyandotte

[edit]Exhibition

Since the 19th century, poultry fancy, the breeding and competitive

exhibition of poultry as a hobby, has grown to be a huge influence on chicken breeds.

Many breeds have always been kept for ornamental purposes, and others have been

shifted from their original use to become first and foremost exhibition fowl, even if they

may retain some inherent utility. Since the sport of cockfighting has been outlawed in the

developed world, most breeds first developed for this purpose, called game fowl, are

now seen principally in the show ring rather than the cock pit.

Key

U denotes a breed primarily used for exhibition, but which is still used for utility purposes.

G denotes a game breed.

Modern Games were developed purely for exhibition

American Game  G

Asil  G

Appenzeller  U

Barbu de Watermael

Belgian Bearded d'Anvers

Bearded d'Uccle

Belgian d'Everberg

Blue Hen of Delaware  G

Booted Bantam

Cochin

Crèvecœur  U

Croad Langshan  U

Dutch Bantam

Frizzle

Ga Noi G

Hamburg  U

Houdan  U

Nankin

Old English Game  G

Pekin

Phoenix

Polish  U

Rosecomb

Sebright

Serama

Shamo  G

Silkie

Sultan

Sumatra

Vorwerk  U

Yokohama

Japanese Bantam

Jangmigye

La Flèche  U

Malay  G

Modern Game

[edit]Bantams

Sebrights, such as this Golden cockerel, are among the most popular of bantams

Most large chicken breeds have a bantam counterpart, sometimes referred to as

a miniature. Miniatures are usually one-fifth to one-quarter the size of the standard

breed, but they are expected to exhibit all of the standard breed's characteristics. A true

bantam has no large counterpart, and is naturally small. The true bantams include:

Belgian Bearded d'Anvers

Belgian Bearded d'Uccle

Belgian d'Everberg

Booted Bantam

Dutch Bantam

Japanese Bantam

Nankin

Pekin

Rosecomb

Sebright

Serama

Silkie

[edit]Cross-breeds

See also Category:Chicken hybrids

Many common strains of cross-bred chickens exist, but none breed true or are

recognized by poultry breed standards. Thus, though they are extremely common in

flocks focusing on high productivity, cross-breeds do not technically meet the definition

of a breed. Most cross-breed strains are sex linked, allowing for easy chick sexing.

Black Sex Link  (also called Black Stars)

Red Sex Link  (also called Red Stars)

ISA Brown

Lohmann Brown

Daisy Belle

Cream Legbar

Cornish-Rock

Easter Egger

Broiler [edit]

CHICKEN BREEDS

General Information

India has made considerable progress in broiler production in the last two decades. High quality chicks, equipments, vaccines and medicines are available. With an annual output of 41.06 billion eggs and 1000 million broilers, India ranks fourth largest producer of eggs and fifth largest producer of poultry broiler in the world. The broiler production has also sky rocketed at an annual growth rate of about 15 percent at present. Broiler farming has been given considerable importance in the national policy and has a good scope for further development in the years to come.

 Advantages of Chicken farming

Initial investment is a little lower than layer farming. Rearing period is 6-7 weeks only. More number of flocks can be taken in the same shed. Broilers have high feed conversion efficiency i.e. least amount of feed is required for unit body weight

gain in comparison to other livestock. Faster return from the investment. Demand for poultry meat is more compared to sheep/Goat meat.

Classification of Breeds of Poultry

American Class

Eg. New Hampshire, white Plymouth Rock, Rhode Island Red, Wyandote II.

Plymouth Rock

Mediterranean Class:

They are light bodied and well developed for high egg production.Eg. Leghorn, Minorca, Ancona

Leghorn

English Class

They are mostly utility breeds noted for their excellent flushing properties. Eg. Australorp, Cornish, Sussex, Orphington

Asiatic Class

They are large bodied with heavy bones feathered shanks and poor layers.

Indian breeds

Eg. Aseel (Fighting purpose), Chitlagong, Kadacknath (Resh is black in colour) Bursa

Commercial Broiler strains

Eg. Cobb, Hubbard, Lohman, Anak 2000, Avian -34, Starbra, Sam rat etc.,

Commercial Layer StrainsEg.BV-300, Bowans, Hyline, H & N nick, Dekalb Lohman etc.

Broiler: Broiler are young chicken of either sex, which are reared primarily formeat purposes and marketed at an age of 6-8 weeks, .Grower: The management of birds during 9-20 weeks or to the point of laying isreferred to as grower period.

Layer: The management of birds during 21-72 weeks of age for the purpose of laying eggs (egg production).

(Source: Dr.Paul Pricely Rajkumar, AC&RI, Madurai )

Breeds of Chicken

Chickens are grown for their egg and meat. Likewise they are classified as egg-type chicken and meat-types chickens. Egg type chickens are composed of stock that has been developed for egg production and are maintained for the principal purpose of producing chicks for the ultimate production of eggs for human consumption. Breeds of meat type chickens primarily include broilers, fryers, roasters, and other meat type chickens. Here broilers and other chickens are raised for their meat. Broilers are genetically selected for fast growth and raised for meat rather than eggs e.g. White Synthetic Male line (WSML), white synthetic dam line (SDL), coloured synthetic male line (CSML), coloured synthetic female line (CSFL), introgression of frizzle gene etc.                              Native breeds of egg type chicken in India

Breed Body Age at sexual Annual egg Egg weight at Fertility Hatchability

weight(20 weeks)

maturity (days)

production (No.)

40 weeks (g) FES (5)

Aseel 1220 196 92 50 66 63Frizzle 1005 185 110 53 61 71Kadaknath 920 180 105 49 55 52Naked neck 1005 201 99 54 66 71

(Source: Central Avian Research Institute)

Indigenous Breeds

The common control hen, the desi, is as a rule the best mother for hatching. She is a good forager. Some of the Indian flows resemble the Leghorn in size and shape, but have poor laying qualities. They are Found in various colours. one variety found in India resembles the sussex or Plymouth Rock in shape but is smaller. These birds lay family well and are more common in the eastern parts of the country. 

The Indian birds are mostly non-descripts, and are of very little value as layers. They have several local breed names such as Tenis, Naked Neck, Punjab, Brown, Ghagus, Lolab, Kashmir Faberella, Tilri, Busra, Telllicherry, Danki, Nicorai and Kalahasti. There are only 4 pure breeds Karaknath and the Busra. The last occurs in western India. A large number of flows of different size, shapes and colours, and for the most part resembling the jungle fowls, are found all over India. They vary in appearance according to the locality in which they have been bred. These with Chittagong, Aseel, Langshan or Brahma blood in them are bigger in size and better in meat quality than the common flows.

Aseel

Aseel is noted for its pugnacity, high stamina, majestic gait and dogged fighting qualities. The best specimens of the breed, although rare, and encountered in parts of Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Rsjasthan. The most popular varieties are peela (golden red), yarkin (black and red), Nurie 89(white), kagar (black), chitta (black and white silver), Teekar (brown) and Reza (light red). Although poor in productivity, the birds of this breed are well-known for their meat qualities. Broodiness in most common and the hen is a good sitter and efficient mother. They possess pea combs which are small  but firmly set on head. Wattles and ear lobes are bright red, and the beak is hart. The face is long and slender, and not covered with feather. The eyes are compact, well set and present bold looks. The neck is long, uniformly thick but no fleshy. The body is round and short with broad breast straight back and close - set strong tail root. The general feathering is close, scanty and almost absent on the Brest. The plumage has practically no fluff and the feathers are tough. The tail is small and drooping. The legs are strong, straight, and set well apart. Standard weight (kg): Cocks, 4 to 5; hen 3 to 4; cockerrels, 3.5 to 4.5; pullets, 2.5  to 3.5.

Aseel

Karaknath

The original name of the breed seems to be Kalamasi, meaning a fowl with black flesh. However, it is popularly known as Karaknath. The eggs are light brown. The day-old chicks are bluish to black with irregular dark stripes

over the the back. The adult plumage varies from silver and gold-spangled to bluish-black without any spangling.  The skin, beak, shanks, toes and soles of feet are slatelike in colour.The comb, wattles and tongue are purple. Most of the internal organs show intense black colouration which is pronounced in trachea, thoracic and abdominal air-sacs, gonads and at the base of  the heart and mesentery. Varying degrees of block colouration are also seen in the skeletal muscles, tendons, nerves, meninges, brain etc. The blood is darker than normal blood. The black pigment has been due to deposition of melanin, The flesh although repulsive to look at, is delicious. A medium layer, lays about 80 eggs per year. The bird is resistant to diseases in its natural habitat in free range but is more susceptible to Mareks disease under intensive rearing conditions. (Source: Dr.Acharya, Handbook of Animal Husbandry)

Kadaknath

Naked neck( Photo source: kvk Namakkal ) 

Other commercial breeds of broiler chicken in India

BreedFirst egg

50% Productio

n

Peak productio

n

Livability

Egg productio

n peak

Feed efficienc

y

Egg weigh

t

Net egg productio

n (72 weeks)

ILI-8017-18 weeks

150 days26-28 weeks

Grower (96%)Layer (94%)

92% 2.1 54 g 280 eggs

Golden-92

18-19 weeks

155 days 27-29 weeks

Grower (96%)

90% 2.2 54 g 265 eggs

Layer (94%)

Priya17-18 weeks

150 days26-28 weeks

Grower (96%)Layer (94%)

92% 2.1 57 g 290 eggs

Sonali18-19 weeks

155 days27-29 weeks

Grower (96%)Layer (94%)

90% 2.2 54 g 275 eggs

Devendra

18-19 weeks

155 days27-29 weeks

Grower (97%)Layer (94%)

90% 2.5 50 g 200 eggs

(Source: Central Avian Research Institute)                                

Commercial available meat-type chicken in India

BreedWeight at six

weeks (g)

Weight atseven weeks

(g)

Food conversion

ratio

Livability(%)

B-77 1300 1600 2.3 98-99CARIBRO-91 1650 2100 1.94-2.2 97-98CARIBRO Multicoloured 1600 2000 1.9-2.1 97-98CARIBRO Naked necked

1650 2000 1.9-2.0 97-98

Varna 1500 1800 2.1-2.25 97