brian shadwick - sciencepress · 2020-04-29 · conduct an investigation to demonstrate and relate...

Module 3 Waves and Thermodynamics

Module 4 Electricity and Magnetism

Questions and Answers

NSW PHYSICSAQAQ+

Brian Shadwick

3 and 4

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Contents

Words to Watch vii


Wave Properties

Conduct an investigation to create mechanical waves in a variety of situations to explain the role of the medium in the propagation of mechanical waves. Conduct an investigation to create mechanical waves in a variety of situations to explain the transfer of energy involved in the propagation of mechanical waves.

Set 1 Properties Of Waves 2

Conduct investigations to explain and analyse differences between transverse and longitudinal waves.

Set 2 Transverse Matter Waves 5Set 3 Longitudinal Matter Waves 6

Conduct investigations to explain and analyse differences between mechanical and electromagnetic waves.

Set 4 Electromagnetic Waves 7

Construct and/or interpret graphs of displacement versus time and displacement versus position of transverse and longitudinal wave and relate the features of these graphs to wave characteristics including velocity, frequency, period, wavelength, displacement and amplitude. Solve problems and/or make predictions by modelling, deriving and applying relationships to a variety of situations: v = fλ and f = 1 __

T.

Set 5 The Wave Equation 10Set 6 Analysing Wave Diagrams 1 11Set 7 Analysing Wave Diagrams 2 12

Wave Behaviour and the Ray Model Of Light

Explain the behaviour of waves in a variety of situations by investigating reflection.

Set 8 Reflection From Plane Surfaces 14Set 9 Applications Of Reflection Of Sound 16Set 10 Reflection From Curved Surfaces 18

Explain the behaviour of waves in a variety of situations by investigating refraction.

Set 11 Refraction 1 19

Quantitatively predict, using Snell’s law and the concept of refractive index, the refraction and total internal reflection of light in a variety of situations including the use of n1 sin i = n2 sin r and sin ic = 1 __

nx

for the critical angle ic of medium x. Conduct investigations to analyse qualitatively and quantitatively the refraction and total internal reflection of light including the use of nx = c __

vx

for the

refractive index of medium x, where vx is the speed

of light in the medium.

Set 12 Refraction 2 21Set 13 Refraction 3 23Set 14 Total Internal Reflection 24

Explain the behaviour of waves in a variety of situations by investigating diffraction.

Set 15 Diffraction 26

Conduct an investigation to distinguish between progressive and stationary waves.

Set 16 Progressive and Stationary Waves 27

Explain the behaviour of waves in a variety of situations by investigating wave superposition.

Set 17 Superposition Of Waves 28

Conduct an investigation to explore resonance in mechanical systems and the relationships between the driving frequency, the natural frequency of the oscillating system, the amplitude of motion and the transfer/transformation of energy within the system.

Set 18 Mechanical Resonance 31

Conduct an investigation to explain the formation of images in mirrors and lenses via reflection using the ray model of light.

Set 19 Images Formed By Curved Mirrors 32Set 20 Images Formed By Lenses 34

Conduct an investigation to demonstrate and explain the phenomenon of the dispersion of light.

Set 21 Dispersion Of Light 36

Module 3 Waves and ThermodynamicsModule 4 Electricity and Magnetism

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iiiiiiQuestions and Answers NSW Physics Modules 3 and 4

Conduct an investigation to demonstrate and relate the inverse square law, the intensity of light and the transfer of energy including the use of l1r1

2 = l2r22 to

compare the intensity of light at two points, r1 and r2. Investigate the relationship between distance and intensity of sound.

Set 22 The Inverse Square Law 37

Soundwaves

Conduct an investigation to relate the pitch and loudness of a sound to its wave characteristics. Model the behaviour of sound in air as a longitudinal wave. Relate the displacement of air molecules to variations in pressure.

Set 23 More About Soundwaves 38

Conduct investigations to analyse the reflection of soundwaves. Conduct investigations to analyse the diffraction of soundwaves.

Set 24 Diffraction Of Soundwaves 42

Conduct investigations to analyse the resonance of soundwaves.

Set 25 Acoustic Resonance 43

Investigate and model the behaviour of standing waves on strings to quantitatively relate the fundamental and harmonic frequencies of the waves produced to the physical properties (e.g. length, mass, tension, wave speed) of the medium.

Set 26 Standing Waves In Strings 45

Investigate and model the behaviour of standing waves in pipes to quantitatively relate the fundamental and harmonic frequencies of the waves produced to the physical properties (e.g. length, mass, tension, wave speed) of the medium.

Set 27 Standing Waves In Pipes 48

Conduct investigations to analyse the superposition of soundwaves. Analyse qualitatively and quantitatively, the relationships for the wave nature of sound to explain beats including fbeat = f2 – f1.

Set 28 Superposition Of Soundwaves 50

Analyse qualitatively and quantitatively, the relationships for the wave nature of sound to explain the Doppler

effect: f ′ = fvwave ± vobserver ____________ vwave

±

vsource

.

Set 29 The Doppler Effect 51

Thermodynamics

Explain the relationship between the temperature of an object and the kinetic energy of the particles within it.

Set 30 The Kinetic Theory Of Matter – 54 RevisionSet 31 Kinetic Theory and Properties Of 55 MatterSet 32 Temperature and the Kinetic Theory 57Set 33 Changes Of State and the Kinetic 58 Theory

Explain the concept of thermal equilibrium.

Set 34 Thermal Equilibrium 60Set 35 Analysing a Heat Energy Experiment 62

Analyse the relationship between the change in temperature of an object, its change in heat energy and its specific heat capacity through the equation ΔQ = mcΔT.

Set 36 Transferring Heat Energy 1 63

Apply the following relationship to solve problems or make quantitative predictions in a variety of situations using ΔQ = mcΔT where c is the specific heat capacity of a substance.

Set 37 Analysing Heat Energy Transfer 64


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iv Questions and Answers NSW Physics Modules 3 and 4

Investigate how energy transfer occurs via conduction, convection and radiation.

Set 38 Heat Conduction 65Set 39 Heat Convection 67Set 40 Heat Radiation 68Set 41 An Experiment On Heat Radiation 69

Conduct an investigation to analyse, qualitatively and quantitatively, the latent heat involved in a change of state.

Set 42 Analysing Experimental Data 70Set 43 Changes Of State and Latent Energy 71Set 44 Analysing Another Experiment 72Set 45 Transferring Heat Energy 2 73

Quantitatively model and predict energy transfer from hot objects using the concept of thermal conductivity. Apply the following relationship to solve problems or make quantitative predictions in a variety of situations

using Q __ t

= kAΔT ______ d

where k is the thermal conductivity of

a material.

Set 46 Thermal Conductivity 74

Module 4 Electricity and Magnetism

Electrostatics

Conduct investigations to describe and analyse qualitatively and quantitatively the processes by which objects become electrically charged.

Set 47 Electrostatic Charges 76

Conduct investigations to describe and analyse qualitatively and quantitatively the forces produced by objects as a result of their interaction with charged particles. Conduct investigations to describe and analyse qualitatively and quantitatively the variables that affect electrostatic forces between objects. Apply the electric field model to account for and quantitatively analyse interactions between charged

objects using F = 1 _____ 4πε0

q1q2 _____ r 2

.

Set 48 Coulomb’s Law 79

Use electric field lines to model qualitatively the direction and strength of electric fields produced by simple point charges, pairs of charges, dipoles and parallel charged plates.

Set 49 Electric Fields 81

Apply the field model to account for and quantitatively analyse interactions between charged objects using E = F __

q = kq ___

r2.

Set 50 Electric Field Strength 83Set 51 Force On a Charge In an Electric Field 85

Apply the electric field model to account for and quantitatively analyse interactions between charged objects using E = − V __

d.

Set 52 Electric Field Strength Between 88 Parallel Plates

Analyse the effects of a moving charge in an electric field to relate potential energy, work and equipotential lines by applying V = ΔU ___

q where U is potential energy

and q is the charge.

Set 53 Work Done By a Field 91

Electric Circuits

Investigate the flow of electric current in metals and apply models to represent current including the use of I = q __

t.

Set 54 The Charge Model For Electric 94 Current

Investigate quantitatively the current-voltage relationships in ohmic and non-ohmic resistors to explore the usefulness and limitations of Ohm’s law using V = W __

q and R = V __

l.

Set 55 Electrical Potential Difference 1 96Set 56 Electrical Potential Difference 2 98Set 57 The Nature Of Electrical Resistance 99Set 58 Resistance – A Practical Analysis 100Set 59 Ohmic and Non-Ohmic Conductors 101


Science Press

vvQuestions and Answers NSW Physics Modules 3 and 4

Investigate series circuits qualitatively and quantitatively to relate the flow of current through individual components, the potential difference across them and the rate of energy conversion by the components to the laws of conservation of charge and energy by deriving the following relationships: ΣI = 0 (Kirchoff’s current law – conservation of charge) ΣV = 0 (Kirchoff’s voltage law – conservation of energy) RSeries = R1 + R2 + … + Rn.

Set 60 Components In Simple Electric 102 CircuitsSet 61 Using Ammeters and Voltmeters 104Set 62 Conductors In Series and In Parallel 105Set 63 Potential Around a Series Circuit 106Set 64 Series Circuits – A Practical Analysis 109Set 65 Analysing Series Circuits 110

Investigate parallel circuits qualitatively and quantitatively to relate the flow of current through individual components, the potential differences across them and the rate of energy conversion by the components to the laws of conservation of charge and energy by deriving the following relationships: ΣI = 0 (Kirchoff’s current law – conservation of charge) ΣV = 0 (Kirchoff’s voltage law – conservation of energy)

1 ______ RParallel

= 1 ___ R1

+ 1 ___ R2

+ … + 1 ___ Rn

.

Set 66 Potential Around a Parallel Circuit 112Set 67 Parallel Circuits – A Practical Analysis 113Set 68 Analysing Parallel Circuits 114

Investigate series and parallel circuits qualitatively and quantitatively to relate the flow of current through individual components, the potential differences across them and the rate of energy conversion by the components to the laws of conservation of charge and energy.

Set 69 Series and Parallel Circuits – 116 A Practical AnalysisSet 70 Analysing Series and Parallel Circuits 117Set 71 Kirchhoff’s Current and Voltage Laws 119

Investigate quantitatively the application of the law of conservation of energy to the heating effects of electric currents, including the application of P = IV and variations of this involving Ohm’s law.

Set 72 Electrical Power 120Set 73 Electrical Potential Difference 3 121

Magnetism

Investigate and describe qualitatively, the force produced between magnetised and magnetic materials in the context of ferromagnetic materials.

Set 74 Magnetic Forces and Ferromagnetic 122 Materials

Investigate and explain the process by which ferromagnetic materials become magnetised.

Set 75 Features Of Magnetic Fields 123

Use magnetic field lines to model qualitatively the direction and strength of magnetic fields produced by magnets, current carrying wires and solenoids and relate these fields to their effect on magnetic materials that are placed within them. Apply models to qualitatively represent and quantitatively describe features of magnetic fields. Conduct investigations into and describe quantitatively the magnetic fields produced by wires including: B = μ0I ____

2πr or B = kI __

d.

Set 76 Magnetic Fields Around Straight 126 Conductors 1Set 77 Magnetic Fields around Straight 128 Conductors – Analysing Data

Conduct investigations into and describe quantitatively the magnetic fields produced by solenoids, including:

B = μ0NI _____ L

.

Set 78 Magnetic Fields and Solenoids 1 129Set 79 Magnetic Fields and Solenoids 2 130

Answers 131Data Sheet 197Formula Sheet 198Periodic Table 199


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vi Questions and Answers NSW Physics Modules 3 and 4

account, account for State reasons for, report on,

give an account of, narrate a series of events or

transactions.

analyse Interpret data to reach conclusions.

annotate Add brief notes to a diagram or graph.

apply Put to use in a particular situation.

assess Make a judgement about the value of

something.

calculate Find a numerical answer.

clarify Make clear or plain.

classify Arrange into classes, groups or categories.

comment Give a judgement based on a given

statement or result of a calculation.

compare Estimate, measure or note how things are

similar or different.

construct Represent or develop in graphical form.

contrast Show how things are different or opposite.

create Originate or bring into existence.

deduce Reach a conclusion from given information.

define Give the precise meaning of a word, phrase or

physical quantity.

demonstrate Show by example.

derive Manipulate a mathematical relationship(s) to

give a new equation or relationship.

describe Give a detailed account.

design Produce a plan, simulation or model.

determine Find the only possible answer.

discuss Talk or write about a topic, taking into account

different issues or ideas.

distinguish Give differences between two or more

different items.

draw Represent by means of pencil lines.

estimate Find an approximate value for an unknown

quantity.

evaluate Assess the implications and limitations.

examine Inquire into.

explain Make something clear or easy to understand.

extract Choose relevant and/or appropriate details.

extrapolate Infer from what is known.

hypothesise Suggest an explanation for a group of facts or phenomena.

identify Recognise and name.

interpret Draw meaning from.

investigate Plan, inquire into and draw conclusions about.

justify Support an argument or conclusion.

label Add labels to a diagram.

list Give a sequence of names or other brief answers.

measure Find a value for a quantity.

outline Give a brief account or summary.

plan Use strategies to develop a series of steps or processes.

predict Give an expected result.

propose Put forward a plan or suggestion for consideration or action.

recall Present remembered ideas, facts or experiences.

relate Tell or report about happenings, events or circumstances.

represent Use words, images or symbols to convey meaning.

select Choose in preference to another or others.

sequence Arrange in order.

show Give the steps in a calculation or derivation.

sketch Make a quick, rough drawing of something.

solve Work out the answer to a problem.

state Give a specific name, value or other brief answer.

suggest Put forward an idea for consideration.

summarise Give a brief statement of the main points.

synthesise Combine various elements to make a whole.

Words to Watch


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viiviiQuestions and Answers NSW Physics Modules 3 and 4

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viii Questions and Answers NSW Physics Modules 3 and 4


Science Press

1


FOCUSCONTENT In this module you will:

~ Investigate that wave motion involves the transfer of energy without the transfer of matter. ~ Explore the properties of wave motion and examine the characteristics of wavelength, frequency,

period, velocity and amplitude to come to a better understanding of the properties of waves. ~ Demonstrate how waves can be reflected, refracted, diffracted and superposed (interfered) and

understand that not all waves require a medium to travel through. ~ Examine mechanical waves and electromagnetic waves and the differences between their

similarities and differences in properties. ~ Study thermodynamics which examines the relationship between energy, temperature and matter,

and understand how energy can be transferred in the form of heat from one place to another. ~ Develop an understanding of how thermodynamics provides an appreciation of particle motion

within objects. ~ Examine how hot objects lose energy in three ways: by conduction and convection – which both

involve the motion of particles; and emission of electromagnetic radiation. ~ Engage with all the Working Scientifically skills for practical investigations involving the focus

content to design and conduct investigations to interpret trends in data and to solve problems related to waves and thermodyynamics.

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NSW PHYSICS 3and 4

Questions and Answers NSW Physics Modules 3 and 4

FOCUSCONTENT

Conduct an investigation to create mechanical waves in a variety of situations to explain the role of the medium in the propagation of mechanical waves. Conduct an investigation to create mechanical waves in a variety of situations to explain the transfer of energy involved in the propagation of mechanical waves.

SET 1 Properties Of Waves

1. (a) What do we call a single disturbance that moves from point to point through a medium?

(b) What do we call a continuous and repeating disturbance of a medium?

(c) On what does the speed of a wave or pulse through a medium depend?

(d) What can we say about the speed of a wave through a uniform medium?

2. Define each of the following as they apply to waves.

(a) Wavelength. (b) Period.

(c) Frequency. (d) Amplitude.

3. (a) Define the relationship between period and frequency of a wave.

(b) What property of a matter wave determines the amount of energy it carries?

(c) What is the SI unit for wavelength?

(d) What is the SI unit for period?

(e) What is the SI unit for frequency?

4. Write down the conventional symbols we use for each of the following wave properties.

(a) Wavelength.

(b) Period.

(c) Frequency.

(d) Amplitude.

(e) Velocity.

5. What happens to the wavelength of a wave in a constant medium if its frequency increases?

(A) It becomes faster.

(B) It increases.

(C) It decreases.

(D) It remains constant.

6. After a wave passes through a medium, how does the position of that medium compare with its original position?

(A) The medium’s position is about the same as its original position.

(B) The medium’s position continues to change from its original position.

(C) The medium’s position moves in the direction of the wave.

(D) The medium’s position moves perpendicular to its original position.

7. What is the term for the distance from a crest of one wave pulse to the crest of the next wave pulse?

(A) Period.

(B) Frequency.

(C) Amplitude.

(D) Wavelength.

8. What is the number of waves that occur in 1 s?

(A) Interference.

(B) Frequency.

(C) Amplitude.

(D) Wavelength.

Wave Properties


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2 Questions and Answers NSW Physics Modules 3 and 4

9. What do waves transfer?

(A) Particles of the medium.

(B) Matter.

(C) Energy.

(D) Liquid.

10. What property of a wave do you measure if it is measured in hertz?

(A) Period.

(B) Frequency.

(C) Amplitude.

(D) Wavelength.

11. Which property of a mechanical wave measures the amount of particle vibration?

(A) Amplitude.

(B) Period.

(C) Frequency.

(D) Wavelength.

12. A wave that has a relatively long wavelength will also have a relatively:

(A) High frequency.

(B) Long period.

(C) Large amplitude.

(D) Low frequency.

13. What is the amplitude of a wave?

(A) The distance the wave moves in one second.

(B) The distance the wave moves in one time period of the wave.

(C) The maximum distance moved by the medium particles on either side of the mean position.

(D) The distance equal to one wavelength.

14. Which of the following affects the speed of the wave most?

(A) Its wavelength.

(B) Its frequency.

(C) Its amplitude.

(D) The medium it travels in.

15. What term do we give to the number of cycles of a periodic wave occurring per unit time?

(A) Wavelength.

(B) Frequency.

(C) Amplitude.

(D) Period.

16. As a wave travels through a medium there is a net transfer of what?

(A) Energy only.

(B) Mass only.

(C) Both mass and energy.

(D) Neither mass nor energy.

17. Many wave properties are dependent upon other wave properties. Yet, one wave property is independent of all other wave properties. Which one of the following properties of a wave is independent of all the others?

(A) Wavelength.

(B) Frequency.

(C) Period.

(D) Velocity.

18. Which of the following units is the same as hertz?

(A) s

(B) s−1

(C) m

(D) m−1

19. If two waves have the same frequency, what also must they have that is the same?

(A) Amplitude.

(B) Energy.

(C) Period.

(D) Wavelength.

20. The distance between two successive troughs can be labelled as:

(A) Amplitude.

(B) Period.

(C) Velocity.

(D) Wavelength.

21. Which property of a transverse matter wave indicates the amount of energy it carries?

(A) Its amplitude.

(B) Its frequency.

(C) Its period.

(D) Its wavelength.


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3Questions and Answers NSW Physics Modules 3 and 4

Use the following information to answer the next SEVEN questions.

X Y

22. On the wave shown, which correctly labels the distance between X and Y?

(A) λ __ 2

(B) 2λ ___ 3

(C) 3λ ___ 4

(D) λ

23. If the distance between X and Y is 6 × 10−6 m, what is its wavelength?

(A) 3.0 × 10−6 m

(B) 4.5 × 10−6 m

(C) 6.0 × 10−6 m

(D) 8.0 × 10−6 m

24. If the time taken for the section of the wave shown is 9.0 ms, what is its period?

(A) 3.0 ms

(B) 6.0 ms

(C) 9.0 ms

(D) 12.0 ms

25. What is the frequency of this wave?

(A) 333.3 Hz

(B) 166.7 Hz

(C) 111.1 Hz

(D) 83.3 Hz

26. What is its velocity?

(A) 4.8 × 10−8 m s−1

(B) 6.67 × 10−4 m s−1

(C) 6.67 × 10−6 m s−1

(D) 8.89 × 10−4 m s−1

27. Which describes the position of the light dot?

(A) Amplitude.

(B) Antinode.

(C) Node.

(D) Position of zero displacement.

28. What is the phase difference between the light dot and the dark dot?

(A) λ __ 4

(B) λ __ 3

(C) λ __ 2

(D) T __ 2


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FOCUSCONTENT Conduct investigations to explain and analyse differences

between transverse and longitudinal waves.

SET 2 Transverse Matter Waves

1. (a) Define a transverse matter wave.

(b) Distinguish between transverse matter waves and transverse electromagnetic waves

(c) Name four different types of transverse matter waves.

(d) Name four different types of electromagnetic waves.

2. Consider the transverse wave shown.

A B

DC H

J

FE G

I

(a) Identify a wavelength on this wave.

(b) Identify an amplitude on this wave.

(c) Identify a position which indicates zero displacement on this wave.

(d) Identify a particle which is said to have a positive displacement.

(e) Identify a particle which is said to have a negative displacement.

(f) Identify and define a crest on the wave.

(g) Identify and define a trough on the wave.

3. Consider the wave shown.

2.0 m

0.060 m

(a) What is the wavelength of the wave?

(b) What is its amplitude?

(c) How many wave pulses are shown in the diagram?

(d) How many wavelengths are shown in the diagram?

(e) If the portion of the wave shown represents 0.0125 s of travel, what is the period of the wave?

(f) What is its frequency?

4. A jellyfish is floating near the surface in the ocean far from the shoreline. What will happen to the jellyfish when a wave passes through the water?

(A) It will be carried away with the wave.

(B) It will not move, but the water around it will move.

(C) It will be moved up to the surface of the water.

(D) It will move up and down, but it will return to about the same place.

5. Each of the waves drawn below represents a time period of 0.5 s. For each, assuming they are drawn life size, determine the wavelength, frequency and amplitude. Present your results in a table.

A

B C

D


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5Questions and Answers NSW Physics Modules 3 and 4

SET 3 Longitudinal Matter Waves

1. (a) Define a longitudinal matter wave. (b) Name four different types of longitudinal waves.

2. Consider the diagram which represents a longitudinal wave travelling through a medium. Consider the wave to have been drawn life size. The vertical lines represent the rest positions of the matter particles.

A B C D E F G H I J K

(a) Identify and measure a wavelength on this wave.

(b) Identify an amplitude on this wave.

(c) Identify a labelled particle which has zero displacement on this wave.

(d) Identify a labelled particle which is displaced to the right of its rest position.

(e) Identify a labelled particle which is displaced to the left of its rest position.

(f) Identify a zero displacement position which is unoccupied.

3. Consider the diagram which represents a longitudinal wave travelling through a medium.

A B C D

4 × 10–6 m

(a) What is the wavelength of the wave?

(b) How many wave pulses are shown in the diagram?

(c) How many wavelengths are shown in the diagram?

(d) What is the distance AB on this diagram?

(e) What distance is represented by CD?

(f) If the energy took 0.5 s to travel from position C to position D, what is the period of the wave?

(g) What is its frequency?

(h) Which way are the particles in the medium for this wave oscillating?

(i) Which way is the energy being transferred by this wave?

(j) If this wave was to carry more energy, which property would be different?

(k) If the frequency of this wave was doubled, what would happen to its speed? Explain your answer.

4. The diagram shows a soundwave passing through air from left to right as shown by the arrow.

(a) Describe the motion of the air particles relative to the energy transfer.

(b) Identify an area of high pressure in this wave.

(c) How is a rarefaction indicated in this diagram?

(d) What is a rarefaction in a longitudinal wave?


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Science Press

Questions and Answers NSW Physics Modules 3 and 4 131

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NSW PHYSICS 3and 4

Answers


Set 1 Properties Of Waves

1. (a) A pulse.

(b) A wave.

(c) the density and elasticity of the medium it is travelling through.

(d) The speed is constant.

2. (a) Wavelength is the distance between successive particles on a wave which have identical displacement and velocity or, the distance between one particle on a wave pulse and the identical particle on the next wave pulse.

(b) The period is the time for one wave pulse to pass a given point.

(c) The frequency of a wave is equal to the number of wave pulses that pass a given point per second.

(d) Amplitude is a measure of the maximum displacement of a particle in a wave from the zero displacement position.

3. (a) Period and frequency are inversely related as per T = f−1 or f = T−1.

(b) Its amplitude. (c) Metre

(d) Second (e) Hertz

4. (a) λ (b) T

(c) f (d) A

(e) v

5. C

6. A

7. D

8. B

9. C

10. B

11. A

12. D

13. C

14. D

15. B

16. A

17. D

18. B

19. C

20. D

21. A

22. C

23. B

24. D

25. D

26. B

27. B

28. A

Set 2 Transverse Matter Waves

1. (a) A transverse matter wave is a wave in which the particles of the medium vibrate to and fro in a direction perpendicular to the direction of energy transport.

(b) Transverse matter waves transfer energy through a medium by oscillation of the particles of the medium. Electromagnetic waves transfer energy though space (whether it contains a medium or not) by self-induction of alternating electric and magnetic fields.

(c) Surface water waves, waves in strings and ropes, earthquake S waves, waves in stretched diaphragms (drum skins).

(d) Gamma, X-rays, ultraviolet rays, visible light, infra-red, microwaves, radio and TV waves.


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brian shadwick - sciencepress · 2020-04-29 · conduct an investigation to demonstrate and relate...

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