Port Resource Management

Bringing BRM into the Port

Environment

27 May 2014

Commercial Aviation

48,200 approx

(Commercial civilian transport only. Includes deaths on ground and from

hijacks)

Commercial Maritime

34,400 approx

(Civilian transport/trade only. Statistics are from accidents defined as

‘maritime disasters’ only. Does not include isolated crew fatalities, deaths

from piracy or port services casualties)

Bridge Resource Management

Developed from the resource management training introduced in aviation after the Tenerife airport disaster in 1977.

First introduced in 1978.

Non-technical or ‘soft’ training concept. Purely human factors.

Focuses on soft skills such as teamwork, leadership, communication, culture

Increase awareness of responsibility and error chains, risk factors, human/equipment interaction, workload, etc

Definition: The effective management and utilization of all resources, human and technical, available to the bridge team to ensure the safe completion of the vessel’s voyage.

Maritime Resource Management

As a concept, there from the start, but called BRM as it was first rolled out on the bridge.

Re-branded MRM around 2003 to acknowledge the ‘team’ is wider than the personnel on the bridge.

MRM concept includes shore-based personnel.

Definition: The use and co-ordination of all the skills, knowledge, experience and resources available to the team to achieve the established goals of safety and efficiency of a voyage or any other safety critical task.

Bridge Resource Management

It’s team-focussed

It changes attitudes

It’s becoming increasingly compulsory

It’s improving consistency

Versions of MRM in the industry

MRM

BRM (Bridge

Resource Management)

CRM (Crew

Resource Management)

MCRM (Maritime Crew

Resource Management)

VRM (Vessel

Resource Management)

ERM (Engine-room

Resource Management)

Where are the ports?

MRM

BRM (Bridge

Resource Management)

PRM?

(Port resource management)

CRM (Crew

Resource Management)

MCRM (Maritime

Crew Resource Management)

VRM (Vessel

Resource Management)

ERM (Engine-room

Resource Management)

Port Resource Management – what does it mean to

Harbour Masters?

Survey of IHMA and UKHMA members - 2014

17 respondents from - Finland (2) - France (2)

- UK (4) - Belgium (1)

- Australia (1) - South Africa (3)

- Iceland (1) - Russia (1)

- Germany (1) - Canada (1)

Question: What does Port Resource Management mean to you?

Resource Management for the Operations Department (eg anchorage allocation, safety and security patrols & monitoring (sea and landside), environmental & traffic monitoring and stewardship)

The management system for safety navigation

Retain skills, teamwork, culture charter

Management of port resources to improve service to the port community/clients

Having the ability to perform the mandated safety & oversight functions of the port authority to ensure a safe, effective and efficient port

To deal with the movement of ships, loading and unloading, follow up of dangerous goods, infrastructure maintenance, land lease controls, co-ordination of customer’s activities

To ensure compliance with the Port Marine Safety Code

Financial and human resources management, organisation of port services

It improves safety and many other things

Allocation of resources in a planned and coordinated way to optimise the management of movements

Integrated approach to achieve pre-determined safety and efficiency outcomes

Managing the port’s resources in terms of people, equipment and finance

More and more co-operation between different service providers and authorities

Using the tools and resources available in the port in the most efficient, united and safe way

Nothing (3)

Port Resource Management

Bringing an MRM culture into our ports

PRM

Agents

Pilots

Towage

Harbour Master

Port State Control

Linesmen

Providores Schedulers

Security

VTS

Crew support

AQIS/Customs

Regulators

Terminals

The importance of integrating port operations

What safety initiatives do you have?

Most

Procedures for port-operated services, comprehensive safety management system, incident & near-miss reporting, port safety sub-committee (UK)

Stringent shipping protocols and guidelines, VTS, training, monthly operations meetings, contract performance standards, SOPs, simulations, incident planning, ship vetting, incident investigation & analysis, PPUs (Australia)

Monthly health & safety meetings, internal safety competitions, ‘visible felt leadership’ concept, alcohol testing, job observations, safety training & communications, safety league, integrated port management information system (South Africa)

What safety initiatives do you have?

Least

Procedures for port-operated services

Annual public and pleasure craft safety campaign

Contract with fire brigade

Emergency plans and exercises

What safety initiatives do you have?

Others

ENIGMA accident and incident reporting system

Annual auditing & Internal audits

Keeping good contacts / close physical distance between

affected parties

Safety committee elected by staff

Operational safety committee meetings (vary from weekly to

two times a year)

Annual advisory meetings with commercial and recreational

interests

HAZMAN risk assessment system

Port marine safety codes

Formal marine risk assessment

Navigational safety committees

Accident/incident management Reporting

Recording

Investigation Action

Analysis

Integrated port training

HIPO (Harwich Integrated Port Operations) course

Pilots, VTS operators, tug skippers, pilot launch coxswains and harbour master all in the simulator together

Included social events as an important part of the integration

NavSafCom (Navigational safety committee)

Harbour Master, pilots, tug skippers, VTS operators, pilot launch coxswains and others as necessary

Monthly open, honest and safe discussion on past accidents and present practices

Jointly agree on changes to procedures to improve accident rate and performance

•

EXISTING TRAINING

Diploma and degree Harbour Master and port management

courses

Continuing professional development

What are your safety challenges?

Promulgating safety and port information

Managing all the service providers

Resisting commercial pressures to achieve safe navigation

Managing commercial conflicts

Mix of traffic types (education & port growth)

Reducing accidents / safe operations

Oil pollution

Compliance with codes and regulations and monitoring

Weather/conditions

Maximum movements, minimum time, maximum safety

WHAT TO DO NEXT?

Recognise PRM?

Expect Harbour Masters to understand and use human factors

training?

Create a set of tools to suit different types of ports?

WHO TO DO IT?

IHMA?

- Pull together best existing initiatives

- Draw from MRM and CRM experts

- Code, manual or training course?

CONCLUSIONS FROM CORK WORKSHOP

Some countries don’t give harbour masters legal powers of

investigation. Harbour Masters shouldn’t use this as an excuse not

to do their best to reduce accidents

Harbour master’s powers should be referred to as harbour master’s

obligations

Good investigation/auditing adds value to the port. Need to have

this in some robust form

Is an experienced HM important? Yes, their experience is

invaluable to ensure good practice

Get key port resource people together to agree on best actions

before accidents occur and prosecution is needed

CONCLUSIONS FROM CORK WORKSHOP

Close co-operation with HM, pilots, tugs etc – helping each other

achieve a goal of no accidents

HM’s limited liability can be transferred to the port. They have to

be aware of ‘not what they knew but what they reasonably ought

to have known’

HM’s have to embrace commercial realities. If HM only ever talks

about safety they could stop being listened to

Port boards need to understand there is a system and that the HM

has it under control and it’s working. Eg they need to know the

ability of their HM so they can rightfully put their trust in them or

know if they can’t

CONCLUSIONS FROM CORK WORKSHOP

Next steps:

Collate responses from workshop

Prepare a summary for uploading to website

Offer an example of best practice for reducing marine accident

rates in ports

Invite debate on this subject on the IHMA website forum

Questions