bringing the net effect to 700 million rural indians
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Bringing the Net Effect to 700 million Rural Indians. Driving the Digital Revolution towards rural prosperity. Prof. Ashok Jhunjhunwala, IITM, Chennai [email protected]. Rural Magic !!. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Bringing the Net Effectto 700 million Rural Indians
Driving the Digital Revolutiontowards rural prosperity
Prof. Ashok Jhunjhunwala, IITM, [email protected]
Rural Magic !!
The next few slides have truly “magically” effected the lives of people in villages . All
these are true stories
Palaniammal’s eyes…
A 60 year old from a village near Melur
Photographs by an ordinary web camera:Remote feedback given by Aravind Eye hospital
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 4
Agricultural Consultancy
An Okra crop saved Top: Diseased with
yellow mosaic Below : Post treatment
Saving of Rs 140,000 ($2800) for the farmers
Cost of information Rs 20 ($0.40)
Built huge trust in the system
The Vet is on the Net ...
•This goat had a wound near its mouth and could not eat for a week
• The advice from the doctor cured its problem in 2 days
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 6
Remote Cardiac care
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 7
Net Meeting : The Power of Visual Communication
The Power of Visual Communication
A Doctor in Madurai talking to patients inUlaganathapuram
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 8
Empowerment of People- Attapatti
Veeramani, a man with disabilities, used to operate the pump for the Village Overhead Tank
The Village Head removed from his job and gave the post to one of his relatives
Through the kiosk, he sent an email petition to the Chief Minister’s Cell, attaching a photograph of himself
He got his job back !
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 9
In essence
Information and access to information leads to a significant increase in the quality of life People pay for improvements in quality of
life This makes it a sustainable option
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 10
How does one connect Rural India?
India has 600,000+ villages 700 million people
(under 1000 people per village)
Can Rural India afford Connections?
Needs Technology Sustainable Business Model Organisation which thinks and acts Rural
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 11
Innovative Technology to connect Rural India
To PSTN
To Internet35/70 kbps Always-on Internet plus simultaneous telephone
• $ 150 - 200 per line price
•1 million lines being deployed
BSNL has fibre connectivity to most Talukas (county hq) CorDECT WLL developed at IITM
provides a telephone line and Internet connection in a 30 Km radius
can connect 85% of Indian villages start-up costs very low
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 12
Use Local Entrepreneurs to drive ICT
Today in urban areas: 950,000 such PCOs covering
every street of smallest town generate 25 % of total
telecom income 300 million people use these
PCOs Lesson for Rural:
To serve Rural people with incomes less than $ 1/day, aggregate demand and let Entrepreneurs drive it
Entrepreneur-driven operator assisted telephone booths (STD PCOs) introduced in 1987
Aid/ Grant does not scale Successful Enterprises can scale to all villages
102.1
1710
3.9 1.9 1 0.3 0.30
20
40
60
80
100
120
60 180 260 360 520 840 1300 2240
HH Income in $ per month
Nu
mb
er o
f H
H in
mill
ion
s
135 million rural households
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 13
n-Logue : A Rural Service Provider aggregate demand into a kiosk
$1000 (including taxes) per Kiosk providing telephone, Internet, multimedia PC with web-camera, printer and power back-up for PC
plus Indian language software, video conferencing software, training and maintenance
set up by a village entrepreneur on the lines of urban PCOs provides telephone, stand-alone Computer and Internet services needs $70 per month to break even (7cents per person per
month)
Innovative Business Models
The Business Model
Services Revenues
n-Logue
LSP-1 LSP-2 LSP-3
Kiosk Kiosk Kiosk Kiosk Kiosk
Villagers
Provides Training and Technical Support Handles Licensing and Policy issues Provides Internet Backbone Connectivity Enables Kiosk Services through Alliance Partners Creates Awareness
Application & Solution Providers
Internet Backbone
ACCESS CENTRE
Local Service Partner
Markets Connections Provides Onsite Support and Training Manages Local Web & Email Services Manages Local Content Pages
Scope:3000 sq km400-600 connections (1 in each village)
Internet Kiosk Operator
School/PHC Private Business Government Office Rural NGO
Provides Internet Access to Local Community Provides Awareness and Training Channels Information needs of Community through
LSP to Application & Content Providers
Financing
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 16
A Suitably Positioned Kiosk Like this …
Tamil Nadu
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 17
Or these…
Maharashtra
Rajasthan
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 18
A Kiosk Owner/Operator
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 19
The Kiosk Owner
Should have studied up to Class 12
Need have no prior computer Training
Should be able to communicate to the people in the village
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 20
Kiosk: Bouquet of Services (beside telephony)
A variety of Services and Applications, relevant to Rural people, need to be enabled
No single service can stand on its own Education Livelihood Health Entertainment Communication E-Governance
PC based servicesComputer educationCD moviesDTP workPhotography
Internet based servicesE-GovernanceTelemedicineE-learning E-Agricultureusing Video conferencing
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 21
At the Village
VILLAGE KIOSK • Dispersal of
• PDS coupons• Application forms for exams,
etc
Physical Dispersal
• Payment of • Municipal taxes• Electricity Bills• Bus Tickets• Purchase of Seeds /
Fertilisers• Entrance and Exam Fees
Net Banking
• Distribution of Application Forms
• Information from Online Databases like
• BPL lists• Electoral Lists, etc
From Central Website
Information Dissemination
• Text, Audio, Video formats of various Government / Public service Announcements
• Video-conferencing between Collector and villagers• Physical Notice Board outside Kiosk on which Govt.
Notices can be pasted
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 22
The Dream
Current Rural GDP in India = $ 140 billion
For a Population = 700 million people
GDP / Person = $ 200 per year
DOUBLING per-capita Rural GDP
$400 per person per year
Rural Prosperity
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 23
Agriculture
AnimalHusbandry
Agricultural Processing
Industry
IT-Based Services
Trade & Commerce
Rural Micro-Enterprises are the Wealth Creators
Micro-enterprises need Finance Knowledge and
Training Buying & Selling Insurance
Can Communications Enable these ?
Technologies & people behind n-Logue
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 25
Technologies in Use
corDECT WiLL Midas will enable 100/200 dedicated and
2 Mbps shared connection next year
RAS & Router Banyan Minnow ISP in a box Nilgiri
Billing System Nilgiri Network Management NMSWorks Chirag voice/video mail TeNeT Power back-up Alacrity Indian Language Office package CK
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 26
To PSTN
To Internet
corDECT Wireless in Local Loop
35/70 kbps dedicated Always-on Internet plus simultaneous telephone
100/200 kbps dedicated & 2Mbps shared connection in near future
Price target: $ 100 to $ 150 per line
IITM - Midas
Network Management System
A must with distributed deployment of Intelligent nodes
Convergence of Telecom and Internet management Manage traffic, subscribers,
subscriber equipment and network health from management centers
IITM-NMSWorks
Video Conferencing on Internet
Low bit-rate multi-party Video Conferencing (audio + video + chat at 20 kbps onwards)
On-line lecturing at low bit-rates
Video Mail
IITM - OOPS
Office package in Indian Languages IITM - Chennai Kavigal
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 29
Major New Initiatives
Multi-party multi-rate video conferencing OOPS Live Lecture OOPS
Rural ATM Machine Vortex Finger print detection HP-IITM
Medical Diagnostic kit NeuroSynaptic LCD projection system TeNeT Web Terminal MeTeL Midas
Entertainment Terminal TeNeT Rural Banking SW TeNeT On-line eye-testing HP-IITM Sparse Area Comm System TeNeT
TeNeT faculty and 10 companies incubated by it (1000 engineers) working to make the dream true
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 30
VITAL centres : Next 3 months
Village Internet Test and Analysis laboratory Upgrade the internet kiosk for basic “non invasive”
medical tests ECG (Sensors connected to the monitor) Stethoscope (plugged into the sound card) Pressure ( Digital BP meters ) Temperature Eyes ( Charts and Color blindness) Weight ( Regular weighing scale)
Upgrade PHC with Internet connectivity For Blood testing (over and above VITAL equipment)
Sugar and AIDS
Most of this equipment would be sourced at under $200
IITM - NeuroSynaptic
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 31
Financial Services with ICICI Bank
Kiosk operators to have Credit cards Collect cash from villager and pay online
Govt. payments, Telephone bills
Kiosk operator to be an agent for agri-crop loans Rural Insurance, Health and Crop
Rural low cost ATMs at kiosks Works along with the PC already existing Breakthrough pricing envisaged of $600
IITM-Vortex
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 32
• 8-10 voice channels + 64/128 kbps Internet satellite backhaul
• Each hub supports 16 to 20 remote sites with 2 Mbps download
• $150 corDECT + $200 backhaul cost per connection
PSTN
Internet
2.4 m antenna3.8 m antenna
15 -25 Kms with 50 connections
2 M
bps
-->
128
Kbp
s --
>
<-- 256 Kbps
Sparse Area Communications where there is no fibre backbone
IITM - ISRO
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 33
Summary
Internet is Power every village need to be connected at the earliest
IIT Madras and n-Logue have a workable business model to revolutionize rural India Excellent goodwill Strong support from State and Central Governments
But the challenge is to make this happen in scale To expand the footprint from 1 million to 10 million people
from 1000 connections in 20 district to 10000 connections in 75 district in next 9 months
and then to 700 million
and simultaneously drive the rural economy to double per capita rural GDP
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 34
To Sum Up
ICT can reach everyone provided there is a big enough Vision behind it
Dream of Doubling per capita Rural GDP Finance, Commerce, Training &
Information are key Driving Education, Health and
Entrepreneurship is the means
Wireless Internet with fibre backhaul can enable these
Sparse Areas will require special technologies & efforts
Large number of innovative technologies and applications need to be developed catering specifically to Rural areas
TeNeT Group, IITM Wireless India, Oct03 35