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Alan Brinkley,Alan Brinkley,AMERICAN HISTORY AMERICAN HISTORY 13/e13/e

Chapter Three: Society and Chapter Three: Society and Culture in Provincial AmericaCulture in Provincial America

Chapter Three: Chapter Three:

Society and Culture in Provincial AmericaSociety and Culture in Provincial America

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America in 1700


Society and Culture in Provincial AmericaSociety and Culture in Provincial America Introduction Introduction

Diverging SocietiesDiverging Societies

The Colonial Population The Colonial Population Immigration and Natural IncreaseImmigration and Natural Increase

– Indentured ServitudeIndentured Servitude OriginsOrigins Most Migrants Came as LaborersMost Migrants Came as Laborers Realities of Indentured ServitudeRealities of Indentured Servitude Most in Chesapeake Bay RegionMost in Chesapeake Bay Region Declining Birthrate in EnglandDeclining Birthrate in England African Slavery IncreasesAfrican Slavery Increases

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The Colonial PopulationThe Colonial Population– Birth and DeathBirth and Death

Exceptional Longevity Exceptional Longevity in New Englandin New England

More Balanced More Balanced Sex RatioSex Ratio

– Medicine in the ColoniesMedicine in the Colonies MidwivesMidwives

The Non-Indian Population of North America, 1700-1780

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Society and Culture in Provincial AmericaSociety and Culture in Provincial America The Colonial PopulationThe Colonial Population

– Women and Families in the ChesapeakeWomen and Families in the Chesapeake Male Authority UnderminedMale Authority Undermined One Pregnancy Every Two Years (Average)One Pregnancy Every Two Years (Average) Greater Independence in Greater Independence in

the Souththe South Revival of PatriarchyRevival of Patriarchy

Virginia and Carolina, 1638 (Royalty-Free / CORBIS)

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The Colonial PopulationThe Colonial Population– Women and Families in New EnglandWomen and Families in New England

Male-Dominated New EnglandMale-Dominated New England The Patriarchal PuritanThe Patriarchal Puritan

FamilyFamily

New England, 1755 (Royalty-Free / CORBIS)

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Society and Culture in Provincial AmericaSociety and Culture in Provincial America The Colonial The Colonial

PopulationPopulation– The Beginnings of Slavery The Beginnings of Slavery

in British Americain British America The Middle PassageThe Middle Passage Growing Slave Growing Slave

PopulationPopulation 11 million Forcibly put 11 million Forcibly put

into Bondage into Bondage Uncertain StatusUncertain Status Mixed Races-Mulattos Mixed Races-Mulattos Slave CodesSlave Codes

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African Population of British Colonies, 1620-1780

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Slave Ship (Library of Congress)

Mixed Race Hierarchy in Spanish America



Immigrant GroupsIn Colonial America

The Colonial PopulationThe Colonial Population– Changing Sources of Changing Sources of

European ImmigrationEuropean Immigration Huguenots and Huguenots and

Pennsylvania DutchPennsylvania Dutch Scotch-IrishScotch-Irish Largest Contingent of ImmigrantsLargest Contingent of Immigrants

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Selling Tobacco (American Heritage)

The Colonial EconomiesThe Colonial Economies Rapid Population Rapid Population

GrowthGrowth– The Southern EconomyThe Southern Economy

TobaccoTobacco

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Chapter Three: Chapter Three: Society and Culture in Provincial AmericaSociety and Culture in Provincial America

The Colonial EconomiesThe Colonial Economies– The Southern EconomyThe Southern Economy

TobaccoTobacco IndigoIndigo

– Northern Economic and Technological LifeNorthern Economic and Technological Life More Diverse Agriculture in the NorthMore Diverse Agriculture in the North Saugus IronworksSaugus Ironworks Extractive IndustriesExtractive Industries

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The Colonial EconomiesThe Colonial Economies– The Extent and Limits of TechnologyThe Extent and Limits of Technology

Myth of Self-SufficiencyMyth of Self-Sufficiency

– The Rise of Colonial CommerceThe Rise of Colonial Commerce Shortage of CurrencyShortage of Currency Barter EconomyBarter Economy Triangular TradeTriangular Trade Colonies Provided Raw MaterialsColonies Provided Raw Materials Emerging Merchant ClassEmerging Merchant Class

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14 The “Triangular Trade”


The Colonial EconomiesThe Colonial Economies– The Rise of ConsumerismThe Rise of Consumerism

Growing ConsumerismGrowing Consumerism Social ConsequencesSocial Consequences Luxuries Become NecessitiesLuxuries Become Necessities

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Landscape of Mulberry plantation, South Carolina, (Library of Congress)

Patterns of SocietyPatterns of Society Social MobilitySocial Mobility

– The PlantationThe Plantation Vagaries of the Vagaries of the

Plantation EconomyPlantation Economy Tobacco PlantationsTobacco Plantations Virginia and MarylandVirginia and Maryland Stratified SouthernStratified Southern

SocietySociety

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Patterns of SocietyPatterns of Society– Plantation SlaveryPlantation Slavery

Slave CultureSlave Culture Blending of ReligionsBlending of Religions Mulatto ChildrenMulatto Children Stono Rebellion-1739Stono Rebellion-1739 South CarolinaSouth Carolina

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African Population as a Proportion of Total Population, c. 1775


Society and Culture in Provincial AmericaSociety and Culture in Provincial America Patterns of SocietyPatterns of Society

– The Puritan CommunityThe Puritan Community Patterns of SettlementPatterns of Settlement Puritan DemocracyPuritan Democracy Town MeetingsTown Meetings Population PressurePopulation Pressure Generational ConflictGenerational Conflict ““Primogeniture”Primogeniture” Firstborn SonsFirstborn Sons

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The New England Town: Sudbury, MA, 17th century



– The Witchcraft PhenomenonThe Witchcraft Phenomenon Salem Witch TrialsSalem Witch Trials Women of Low Social ClassWomen of Low Social Class

The Witch House, Salem, Massachusetts (Royalty-Free / CORBIS)

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– CitiesCities Growth of Colonial CitiesGrowth of Colonial Cities Port CitiesPort Cities Philadelphia and New YorkPhiladelphia and New York Commercial and Cultural ImportanceCommercial and Cultural Importance

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Society and Culture in Provincial AmericaSociety and Culture in Provincial America Awakenings and EnlightenmentsAwakenings and Enlightenments

– The Pattern of ReligionsThe Pattern of Religions Roots of Religious TolerationRoots of Religious Toleration Greater Than Most of EuropeGreater Than Most of Europe Church of England-VirginiaChurch of England-Virginia Anti-Catholicism-MarylandAnti-Catholicism-Maryland Jews Could Not Vote or Hold OfficeJews Could Not Vote or Hold Office Jeremiads-Sermons of DespairJeremiads-Sermons of Despair

– The Great AwakeningThe Great Awakening Old Lights and New LightsOld Lights and New Lights

– The EnlightenmentThe Enlightenment Traditional Authority ChallengedTraditional Authority Challenged Belief That People Could Control Their Own DestinyBelief That People Could Control Their Own Destiny Cities Become Intellectual CentersCities Become Intellectual Centers

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American EnlightenmentAmerican Enlightenment

Benjamin FranklinBenjamin Franklin Thomas PaineThomas Paine Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson James MadisonJames Madison


Society and Culture in Provincial AmericaSociety and Culture in Provincial America Awakenings and EnlightenmentsAwakenings and Enlightenments

– EducationEducation High White Literacy RatesHigh White Literacy Rates Bibles and AlmanacsBibles and Almanacs Liberal CurriculaLiberal Curricula Most Colleges Founded by Religious GroupsMost Colleges Founded by Religious Groups Harvard-1636Harvard-1636

– The Spread of ScienceThe Spread of Science Smallpox InoculationSmallpox Inoculation

– Concepts of Law and PoliticsConcepts of Law and Politics Colonial GovernmentsColonial Governments

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Slave Ship (Library of Congress)

Where Historians Disagree:Where Historians Disagree:

The Origins of SlaveryThe Origins of Slavery

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Poor Richard’s Almanack (New York Public Library)

Patterns of Popular Culture:Patterns of Popular Culture:

Colonial AlmanacsColonial Almanacs

27 © 2010, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

brinkley13 ppt ch03

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