broadband over power lines (bpl)
TRANSCRIPT
BROADBAND OVER POWER LINE
By: RAJESH ARAYANKARA
IEANEEE034
Guided by Vineeth Mohan Asst. Prof, Dept. of EEE
OUTLINE OF THE PRESENTATION.
Introduction Literature study BPL Architecture OFDM techniques Types of BPL Advantages
INTRODUCTION.
Broadband over Power Line (BPL) is a technology that allows the voice and internet data to be transmitted using the existing power lines
The basic concept of this technology is that it offers high speed internet access to our homes through the commonly accessible electrical paths
With broadband over power lines, or BPL, you can plug your computer into any electrical outlet in your home and instantly have access to high-speed Internet
LITERATURE STUDY.
Broadband
High Speed Access to Internet.Greater than 128Kbps.Always ONSimultaneous up-link and down link communication.Made possible by digital modems.
Broadband Technologies
Wireless
3G Mobile
Wireline
Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity)
LMDS & MMDSFSO (Free Space
Optics)
Satellite
DSL (Digital Sub’s Line)
Cable Modem
Optical Fibre Technologies
BPL (Broadband Over Power Line)
WiMAX
ACCESS TECHNOLOGY: CABLE—USE OF CABLE TV PROVIDER’S COAXIAL OR FIBRE-COAXIAL SYSTEMS TO TRANSMIT BROADBAND SIGNALS.
Speed: 1 Mbps to 3 Mbps Reach: Available where cable has been
installed so some rural and suburban locations may not have access.
Remark: The speed of the signal varies by the number of users on the neighbourhood network loop; it degrades with high numbers of users.
ACCESS TECHNOLOGY: DSL—USE OF EXISTING COPPER TELEPHONE WIRES TO TRANSMIT BROADBAND SIGNAL.
Speed: 1.5 Mbps
Reach: In general, a residence must be within about 18,000 feet of the DSL central equipment office.
Remark: Not capable of transmitting TV signals.
ACCESS TECHNOLOGY:FIBRE (FTTX)—USE OF OPTICAL FIBRE LINES TO HOME (FTTH) OR BUSINESS (FTTB) TO DELIVER BROADBAND SERVICES.
Speed: 1 Mbps to 1 Gbps Reach: Fibre to the premises available in
some locations, but its deployment has been limited by high costs.
Remark: Cost reductions enabled by passive optical networks (PON) and advances in component technology are expected to bring costs down.
ACCESS TECHNOLOGY: SATELLITE Speed: 500 Kbps
Reach: Requires a clear view to the south (in the northern hemisphere).
Remark:Trees and even heavy rain may affect reception on Internet data.
ACCESS TECHNOLOGY: WIMAX— WORLDWIDE INTEROPERABILITY FOR MICROWAVE ACCESS, BASED ON A JANUARY 2003 IEEE STANDARD (802.16), SUPPORTS DEVELOPMENT
Speed: Up to 75 - 100 Mbps Reach: Has a range of about 10- 12 kilo
meters of a single base station. This technology has a predicted point-to point range of 25 miles or more
Remark: It is expected to reduce its service charge as it could catch a large number of customers.
BPL Speed: Commercial - up to 3Mbps
Residences - 5 Mbps or higher
Reach: BPL can be applied to the ubiquitous electric distribution network.
Remark: Speeds same for upload
ARCHITECTURE OF BPL
Power lines are most important components in BPL.
Power grid consist of Generators, Substations, Transformers, Power lines
DATA cannot send through high voltage lines, due to electric noise
It directly injected to MV or LV lines
The power signal doesn’t interfere with the BPL data signal. It has a signal range of 1.705-30 MHz
BPL SYSTEM CONTAINS
Injector Coupler Repeater Extractor and modem
INJECTOR It is used to inject data into LV or MV lines It mounted in the substation. OFDM Technique is used here. Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is a method of
digital modulation in which a signal is split into several narrowband channels at different frequencies.
COUPLER Couplers are used to connect the Injector to power lines Two types, Inductive and Capacitive Capacitive type have greater efficiency but it required physical
connection to the line Inductive type couplers are connected using ferrite cores
Inductive coupler
REPEATER It is a high frequency operation, distance covered by the BPL signal
is very limited. To overcome this problem Repeaters is used. Connected the poles of the power supply lines. The repeater decodes the OFDM signal, regenerates it and then
again converts it to the OFDM signal and transmits it again.
EXTRACTOR An extractor also has a repeater which boosts the signal before
transmitting onto power lines.
MODEM Use specially designed Silicon Chips. Capable of handling PowerLine Noise-
through use of specially developed modulation technique & adaptive algorithm.
roughly the size of a common power adapter. It plugs into a common wall socket. Ethernet cable running to computer
finishes the connection. Wireless versions are also available.
OFDM TECHNIQUE Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is a method of
digital modulation in which a signal is split into several narrowband channels at different frequencies.
OFDM is based on the idea of frequency division multiplexing (FDM) In FDM, about fifty percent of the total spectrum is wasted due to
guard bands which are needed between sub-carriers to ensure that they do not overlap
OFDM is much more spectrally efficient than FDM. It reduces the required bandwidth by squeezing subcarriers tightly together until they actually overlap with each other
By keeping the sub-carriers orthogonal in the complex domain so that they do not interfere with each other.
OPERATION OF OFDM Typically PSK or QAM modulations schemes are used IFFT performs the transformation efficiently and ensures
orthogonality of the sub carriers Cyclic prefix eliminate Guard time between adjacent symbols
OFDMSpread
SpectrumTechniques (FH
and DS)Single Carrier
SpectralEfficiency Good Poor Moderate
RobustnessAgainst Channel
DistortionsExcellent Not Good Good
RobustnessAgainst
Impulsive NoiseFair Fair Good
Ability to adaptto channelchanges
Excellent Fair Good
ImplementationCosts
(Equalizers,etc.)
Fair Poor Poor (Equalizersrequired)
TYPES OF BPL There is two types of BPL1) Access BPL2) In-House
1. Access BPL.
Utilize the power distribution network, owned, operated and controlled by an electricity service provider.
Use injectors, repeaters and extractors to deliver high-speed broadband services to the end-user.
There is two type End to End & Hybrid Access BPL
END TO END In this system we either use a combination of Medium
Voltage (MV) and Low Voltage (LV) or a LV power line The signal is directly injected into the power line and
through the LV transformer is directly delivered to the end user
HYBRID In Hybrid System a combination of MV power lines and wireless
transmission. The signal is injected wirelessly and then using an extractor is
transmitted onto a MV power line which delivers it to the end user
IN-HOUSE BPL Network machines within the building. Utilize electric power lines not owned,
operated or controlled by an electricity service provider, such as the electric wiring in a privately owned building.
Devices are connected to the in-building wiring and use electrical sockets as access points.
designed to provide short-distance communication solutions
Product applications include networking and sharing common resources such as printers.
ADVANTAGES Wide Coverage: power lines are available in
everywere. So it has a wide coverage area Cost: We use existing wires for data transmission
REFERENCE Seema, Dr. Neetu Sharma “Broadband over Power Line”, International
Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-7064 Volume 5 Issue 6, June 2016
Seema, Mrs. Neetu Sharma “Broadband over Power Line”, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology Research Vol. 4, Issue 2, pp: (303-307), Month: April - June 2016
Anushree Gawde, Chintan Patel, Nadeem Masani, Tushar Parekh “Broadband Over Power Lines: Internet Everywhere”, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 5, Issue 10, October-2014
“Data Transmission Through Power Lines” BY C.A. Daque (M-IEEE), P.G> Barbosa (M-IEEE), and D.P. Baotista (Student member IEEE)
Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_line_communication Broadband over power line for Indian telecom network- by Ram
Krishna, R. K. Siddhartha Naveen Kumar, G. L. Jogi