broadband printed monopole antenna for multiple...

Broadband printed monopole antenna for

multiple application

VOLUME 1 ISSUE 11

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Amita Guru 1

, Rajneesh Mishra 2

, Shailendra Yadav3

, 1.

M. Tech. Scholar, Department of Electronics and communication Engineering, B.T.I.R.T , Sironja, Sagar (M.P) 2

Assist. Professor, Department of Electronics and communication Engineering, B.T.I.R.T., Sironja, Sagar (M.P) 3

Assist. Professor, Department of Electronics and communication Engineering, B.T.I.R.T., Sironja, Sagar (M.P)

ABSTRACT

Wireless technology is one of the main areas of research in the world of communication systems

today and a study of communication systems is incomplete without an understanding of the

operation and fabrication of antennas. This was the main reason for our selecting a project focusing

on this field. In the last few years there has been dramatically increased in the interest of Wireless

Communication, which includes the commercial/personal communication. It is the choice of the

users to have a small and light weight handset. Due to the development of VLSI/ULSI techniques

the researchers are able to reduce the size and power hungry of the devices to a greater extent.

Antenna become the front and back end of the wireless communication system. The present day is

the age of wireless communication. The potential application of Monopole Antenna for the wireless

and personal commutation is the hot topic of interest of the researchers around the globe. The

present day demands wide band, miniature antennas with other features. The choice of MSA for

communication being old, researchers managed to develop new variants of the antenna to meet the

demand of the present-day communication. The following thesis consists of a monopole printed

antenna. The dielectric used in the designing of this monopole antenna is FR4. The top portion of

the antenna consisting of a patch having rectangular slot, micro strip line and bottom part consists

of a partial ground plane with a semi elliptical notch. The overall size of dielectric is 30*30*1.5.

The fractional bandwidth of this structure is (152.11%) 3.41 – above 25 GHz. The bandwidth

enhancement is due to cutting various types of slots in the patch and ground plane. Compared with

conventional antennas, micro strip patch antennas have more advantages and better prospects. They

are lighter in weight, low volume, low cost, low profile, smaller in dimension and ease of

fabrication and conformity. Moreover, the micro strip patch antennas can provide dual and circular

polarizations, dual-frequency operation, frequency agility, broad band-width, feed line flexibility,

beam scanning Omni directional patterning. In this paper we discuss the micro strip antenna, types

of micro strip antenna, feeding techniques and application of micro strip patch antenna with their

advantage and disadvantages over conventional microwave antennas. In high-performance aircraft,

spacecraft, satellite, and missile applications, where size, weight, cost, performance, ease of

installation, and aerodynamic profile are constraints, low-profile antennas may be required.

Presently there are many other government and commercial applications, such as mobile radio and

wireless communications that have similar specifications. The following are the applications of the

given antenna structure 5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN bands, 5.5 GHz WiMAX bands, X band (8 – 12

GHz),Ku band (12 – 18 GHz), satellite communication and other wireless services.

Key words: Fractional bandwidth, impedance matching, ultra wide band.

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1. INTRODUCTION

ntenna is one of the type of transducer

that converts the electrical energy into

electromagnetic waves. Antenna is

required by any radio receiver or transmitter to

couple its electrical connection to the

electromagnetic field. The official definition of

the antenna according to the IEEE is simply a

means for radiating or receiving radio waves..

The various antennas perform the basic task of

radiating signals from the transmitting end to

the receiving end. Hence, it is a transitional

structure between the free space and the

guiding device. The bandwidth of the antenna

determines the applications, according to the

operating range. Requirement for low profile

antenna in spacecraft, satellite and military

systems is increasing at a rapidly. The micro

strip antenna is simple planar structure which

operates on a narrow bandwidth. The designs

proposed in this work are compact in size,

along with an enhanced bandwidth. In the

various techniques available for the bandwidth

enhancement, the simple one of introducing

various slots and notches are being employed.

The micro strip antennas are compatible with

MMIC. For particular patch shape and mod

these antenna are very versatile. The micro strip

antennas which are designed in this consists of a

patch, a micro strip line and a metallic ground

plane with a compact size and can be applicable

for multiple applications due to its ultra large

frequency bandwidth. The simple technique can

lead to a high increase in the operating

bandwidth.

2. ANTENNA CONFIGURATION

A decagon shaped compact broadband printed

monopole antenna has overall size of

30*30*1.5 cubic millimeter with an electrical

permittivity (εr) of 4.3 and loss tangent of

0.025. The micro strip line of the proposed

antenna has resistance of 50 Ω. The length of

the antenna is denoted by ‘b’ and breadth is

denoted by ‘a’. All the values of parameters

discussed here are shown in Table.1.

The proposed antenna is simulated using

Computer Simulation Technique (CST)

software. The increase in bandwidth is achieved

by using a rectangular shaped patch, whereas

notches in the ground plane are responsible for

the impedance matching at lower frequencies.

All the parameters which are used in the

proposed antenna are optimized for getting

resonance for this ultra large frequency range.

Fig. 1 Geometrical configuration of the monopole

antenna

Table Parameter value of different section of the

given antenna (all in mm)

A

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3. RESULTS

The results are shown here which shows the

different S-parameters, parameters sweep,

radiation efficiency, gain, radiation patterns and

surface current at different frequencies. Micro

strip patch antennas are increasing in popularity

for use in wireless applications due to their low-

profile structure. Therefore they are extremely

compatible for embedded antennas in handheld

wireless devices such as cellular phones, pagers

etc. The telemetry and communication antennas

on missiles need to be thin and conformal and

are often micro strip patch antennas. Another

area where they have been used successfully is

in satellite communication. Micro strip antennas

are spreading widely in all the fields and areas

and now they are booming in the commercial

aspects due to their low cost of the substrate

material and the fabrication. It is also expected

that due to the increasing usage of the patch

antennas in the wide range this could take over

the usage of the conventional antennas for the

maximum applications. Micro strip patch

antenna has several applications. The Micro

strip patch antennas are well known for their

performance and their robust design, fabrication

and their extent usage. The advantages of this

Micro strip patch antenna are to overcome their

de-merits such as easy to design, light weight

etc., the applications are in the various fields

such as in the medical applications, satellites

and of course even in the military systems just

like in the rockets, aircrafts missiles etc.

The following are the main applications covered

by the band of the given antenna structure:-

1) They are used in military and commercial for

asset protection, antiterrorist and asset

protection and law enforcement, and they are

applicable in rescue applications.

2) They are basically applicable in motion

detector, range finder and many more.

3) Mobile and satellite communication

applications.

• Radio Frequency Identification (RFID):

• Worldwide Interoperability for

Microwave Access

• Retina Application

Fig. 2 Simulated return losses of stage 1



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International Journal of Advanced Technology for Science & Engineering Research. www.ijatser.com, Volume 1, Issue 11, October– November 2016, 1-46


Fig. 5 Simulated Z matrix( real and imaginary part)

Fig. 6 Simulated parameter sweep of n

Fig. 7 Simulated parameter sweep of k

Fig. 8 Simulated parameter sweep of n

Fig. 9 Simulated radiation efficiency of the antenna

Fig. 10 Simulated gain of the antenna COPYRIG

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Fig. 11 Simulated radiation patterns of the antenna

Fig. 12 Simulated radiation patterns of the antenna

Fig. 13 Simulated surface currents of the antenna

Fig. 14 Simulated surface currents of the antenna

4. CONCLUSION

This document is about the study of the monopole

antenna. The following thesis consists of a

monopole antenna having a square patch with a

rectangular slot, micro strip line and a partial

ground plane. The bandwidth of the antenna is

ranges from 3.41 to above 25 GHz. The main

reason for bandwidth enhancement is cutting

various types of slots in the patch and the partial

ground plane. The gain of the structure is 4.9 dB.

The radiation efficiency or directivity of the given

structure is 0.8 dB. The dielectric used in the

designing of the given structure is FR4 having

loss tangent of 0.025. The FR4 is used due to its

low cost and it can be easily available. The patch,

micro strip line and the partial ground plane is

made of copper annealed.

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