brochure polyisocyanates polyaspartics change the coatings game 14-06-2011 e

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POLYASPARTICS –

C H A NGE T H E C O A TIN GS GA M E !

POLYISOCYANATES PREPOLYMERS DISPERSIONS UV SYSTEMS



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Nowadays, machine manufacturers, own-

ers of commercial or industrial premises

and other relevant decision-makers want

durable coatings that meet scheduling

demands and just-in-time delivery require-

ments while, at the same time, protecting

their assets. Without sacrificing perform-

ance, 2K polyaspartic coating technology

offers greater productivity and durability for

applications in the industrial maintenance

and OEM markets. Whether for bridges,

stadiums, large buildings, flooring or archi-

tectural elements, polyaspartic coating

technology offers cost savings in applica-

tion and resumption of normal working

as quickly as possible. Based on Bayer

technology, polyaspartics can change the

coatings game.

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION 3

KEY BENEFITS 4–5

APPLICATIONS 6–15

CHEMISTRY OF POLYASPARTICS 16–17

GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP 18–19

OVERVIEW



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FROM ULTRA HIGH SOLID TO SOL-

VENT-FREE

Ever-increasing legislative requirements for

a reduction in volatile organic solvents

demand the use of low-solvent coating

materials. In the case of OEM coatings for

plant and machinery this is particularly rele-

vant when conventional coating materials

have to be replaced. However, many low-

solvent or solvent-free coating materials

would require investing in new equipment

and/or modifications to the production pro-

cess. Since this is often impossible or too

expensive, coating materials that can be

processed on existing coating facilities are

of particular interest.

Low-solvent coating materials, which –

depending on the application – either have

a VOC content of less than 250 g/l or

are virtually solvent-free in their ready-to-

use state, can be produced on the basis

of polyaspartics that comply with current

requirements, such as the EU VOC Directive

or the South Coast Air Quality Management

District in California.

INCREASED PRODUCTIVITY AND

COST EFFICIENCY

The main benefit of polyaspartic coatings is

that they significantly increase productivity

in the application process.

The increase in productivity over conven-

tional topcoats is achieved thanks to two

properties of polyaspartic coatings:

Polyaspartic coatings dry significantly

faster at room temperature, usually taking

between 1.5 and 4 hours. This allows addi-

tional treatment or transport of the coated

parts to be carried out sooner.

Polyaspartic coatings make much greater

film thicknesses possible, e.g. a dry film

thickness of up to 400 µm in a single ope-

ration. In practice, this means that one less

coat is required in the application process.

The increase in efficiency is particularly

important if the coating process is part of

a process chain since the coating process

often acts as a bottleneck.

Together, the two benefits of rapid drying

and a reduced number of coats add up to

a significant increase in productivity. In

practice, the overall coating process, i.e.

application of all coats plus drying time,

can be two or three times faster than with

conventional coatings.

ENERGY COSTS AND CO2 SAVI NGS

The unique reactivity of aspartics with ali-

phatic polyisocyanates makes their reaction

kinetics somewhat more independent of

temperature than is the case with conventi-

onal 2K coating technologies. Especially in

OEM paint shops, polyaspartic coatings con-

tribute significantly to reducing energy costs

and CO2 emissions. It goes without saying

that both aspects will become increas-

ingly important in the future.

KEY BENEFITS



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LONG-LASTING PERFORMANCE

In general, the well-known positive attributes

of aliphatic 2K PU coatings are also found in

2K polyaspartic coatings, for example:

High gloss retention during weathering

Adjustable flexibility through choice of

polyisocyanate

Resistance to acids and alkali

High mechanical resistance, e.g. abra-

sion resistance and impact strength

Ease of repair

The key benefits determining the success of

polyaspartic coatings are illustrated in the

triangular diagram below (see fig. 1).

Fig. 1: Key benefits in the success of polyaspartic coatings

CUSTOMER ANDEND-USER

INDUSTRIES

Q U A L IT Y

HIGH APPEARANCE

LONG-LASTING PERFORMANCE

E N V IRONM E N T

SOLVENT-FREE AND HIGH SOLI D S YSTE MS

LOW ENERGY CONSUMPTION

LOW MONOMERCONTENT

E F FIC IE N C Y

RAPID CURING/DRYING

FEWER COATS

EASY APPLICATION



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POLYASPARTICS FOR INDUSTRIAL

COATINGS/CORROSION PROTECTION

Thanks to their high productivity, poly-

aspartics are already being used for a vari-

ety of metal coatings. One of the main

applications is the OEM coating of steel

parts for corrosion protection and industrial

coating purposes.

INDUSTRIAL COATINGS

In the field of industrial coatings, polyaspar-

tics are widely used for coating agricultural

and construction machinery. The size and

weight of such machines mean they are

often unsuitable for forced drying at elevat-

ed temperatures. The two-coat system fre-

quently used at present for such machines

can be replaced by a one-coat polyaspartic

topcoat (see fig. 2).

With metal substrates such as cold rolled

steel or aluminum, on which adhesion is

usually inadequate, the adhesive proper-

ties can be improved by using an adequate

polyisocyanate (see page 16 “Chemistry of

Polyaspartics”).

CORROSION PROTECTION

In the field of heavy-duty corrosion protec-

tion, e.g. bridges and wind turbines, three

coats are frequently applied. In such cases,

the intermediate coat can be replaced by a

polyaspartic topcoat (see fig. 3).

The main applications for polyaspartics are

in the field of OEM coatings. Numerous

practical examples in the past have demon-

strated the suitability of polyaspartics for

heavy-duty corrosion protection.

APPLICATIONS

Fig. 2 Replacement of the primer by a direct-to-metal polyaspartic topcoat

Fig. 3 Replacement of the intermediate coat by a polyaspartic topcoat

2K PU topcoatprimer DTM polyaspartic topcoat

polyaspartic topcoat2K PU topcoatintermediate coatprimer primer



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GEL COATS, PORE FILLERS AND

S U R F A C E R S F O R F I B E R - R E I N -

FORCED PLASTI CS

For several years now, polyaspartics-based

gel coats, pore fillers and fine surfacers

have been used for coating glass fiber-

reinforced plastics. This has been particu-

larly true of wind turbines, which have to

resist extremely rugged conditions over

long periods. These solvent-free reactive

systems can be applied – depending on the

viscosity – by rolling (gel coats), brushing

(pore fillers) or knifing (surfacers) at high

film thicknesses. They are mainly used to

fill pores and holes in glass fiber-reinforced

composites (rotor blades of wind turbines)

and to smooth surfaces, an application

made possible by the rapid dry sandability

of filled gel coats (pore fillers and surfac-

ers). In such cases, the high reactivity of

these efficient polyaspartic systems means

that an entire paint system can be applied

in a single working day. It should also be

noted that, through the combination of high

flexibility and hardness of these systems,

they have good adhesion to the substrate

and also constitute a good substrate for the

final finish, the 2K PU topcoat.

POLYASPARTIC SYSTEMS FOR AUTO-

MOTIVE AND LARGE VEHICLES REPAIRS

KNIFING PUTTY

Knifing putties based on highly reactive

aspartates and low-viscosity polyisocy-

anates can be formulated with a very short

pot life, rapid dry sandability and good

adhesion to metal.

PRIMER SURFACERS

Combinations of aspartates with reactive

thinners (aldemines), low-viscosity polyiso-

cyanates and a minimum amount of solvent

for spray application are used to formulate

very high-solid primer surfacers or fillers

(250 g/l). Such systems are characterized

by rapid dry sandability, good adhesion

to different metal substrates and excellent

corrosion protection.

CLEAR COATS

Very high-solid clear coats based on aspar-

tics and reactive thinners in combination

with special low viscosity polyisocyanates

offer the benefits of very fast drying times

at ambient temperatures, an acceptable

pot life, high brilliance and good chemical

resistance.

Structure: Using a repair coating system

consisting of a solvent-free putty or spot

repair filler, a low-solvent primer surfacer

and a very high-solid polyaspartic clear-

coat, it is possible not only to reduce sol-

vent content, save time and cut energy

consumption, but also to make the whole

repair process far more efficient (see fig. 4).

P O L Y

A S P A RT IC P U T T Y

V O C Z E R O S A N

D I N G

P O L Y A S P A

R T I C PRIME R S U R

F A C E R

V O C ‹ 2 5 0 G / L S A

N D I N

G

W A T E

R B O

RNE B A S E C O A T

M A RK E T

P O L Y

A S P

A R TIC C L E A R C O

A T

V O C 250 G/ L

1 H 30' 2 H 15' 4 H45'

Fig. 4: Efficiency of polyaspartic systems for automotive and large vehicle repairs



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CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

Over the past eight years, polyaspartic

coatings have found their way into many

application areas in the construction indus-

try. Here are just some of them:

Topcoats for sprayed polyurea membranes

Fast-setting garage coating systems

(small areas)

Highly decorative photo floorings

Concrete sealers for stamped/stained

concrete

Binders for stone carpets

Pourable joint sealants

Binders for colored quartz sand production

Each field of application has its own individ-

ual requirements, but common to them all

is the need for speed to allow resumption

of normal working as quickly as possible.

TOPCOATS FOR SPRAYED POLYUREA

MEMBRANES

Sprayed polyurea membranes are widely

used in the waterproofing sector. The main

benefit of these coating materials is weath-

er-tolerant application. Thanks to their high

reactivity, these membranes cure within

5 minutes of application. Unfortunately,

polyurea membranes are not color-stable,

which means that yellowing can occur within

hours. Standard 2K PU topcoat technology

can add color stability to the system but

with a curing time of approx. 8–16 hours the

application no longer enjoys the advantage

of weather tolerance. Polyaspartic coatings

are a logical supplement to fast-setting poly-

urea technology. When applied by roller or

1K airless spray equipment, a polyaspartic

topcoat allows a 2-hour curing time with

a potlife of approx. 30 min. Consequently,

the complete waterproof coating system is

almost climate-independent.

FAST-SETTING GARAGE COATING

SYSTEM

Painting small areas like a private garage

(up to 150 m2 ) using a conventional coat-

ing system is a time-consuming and labor-

intensive project. A curing time of between

8–16 hours with the common solventborne

2K technology means that contractors can

only apply one coat per day and have to

come to the site at least three times. With

polyaspartic coating technology, a 3-coat

system can be applied with a roller within

a day, saving significant labor costs and

hassle for the owner. In addition, VOC and

emission-free polyaspartic coating systems

are now state of the art (see fig. 5).

Primer with chips 1st sealer 2nd sealerCONVENTIONAL SYSTEM

1. primer with chips > 1 day

2. 1st sealer > 1 day

3. 2nd sealer > 1 day

in total > 4 days

POLYASPARTIC SYSTEMS

1. primer with chips > 2 hrs

2. 1st sealer > 2 hrs3. 2nd sealer > 2 hrs

in total > 6 hrs

Fig. 5: Fast setting garage coating system



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HIGHLY DECORATIVE PHOTO FLOORING

In the past, the laying of highly decora-

tive seamless flooring was a major task.

A great deal of time-consuming preparation

was needed, followed by artistic painting

with many small paint cans and brushes.

Productivity of 2–4 m2/h for the actual

picture was normal, which added up to a

5–7 day job for the whole floor, even for

small shop-in-shop areas.

Polyaspartic coating photo floor technol-

ogy has introduced a kind of “pre-fab”

work routine to the world of floor coatings.

The floor picture is printed on fabric and

applied in a lamination process on-site.

Normal working can resume on the decora-

tive flooring within eight hours so that a

shop owner, for example, have the work

done overnight (see fig. 6).

CONCRETE SEALERS FOR STAMPED

AND/OR STAINED CONCRETE

Stamped and/or stained concrete can be

protected by a clear coat to protect from

soiling and increase abrasion resistance.

Conventional sealers are solvent-based or,

in the case of waterborne 1K paints, no

longer comply with requirements such as

durability, abrasion, etc. Polyaspartic clear

coats not only provide long-lasting perform-

ance, they are also VOC- and emission-free,

making them the first choice for indoor

applications.

Leveling coat Base coat Fixing coat Fabric SealerPrimer

Fig. 6: Highly decorative photo flooring (all layers based on polyaspartics)



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BINDERS FOR STONE CARPETS

Seamless stone carpets are another deco-

rative flooring alternative. Mosaic or ter-

razzo-like decorative flooring can be pro-

duced through a mixture of natural stones

or colored quartz sand (see also binders

colored quartz sand below) and a reactive

binder. The fast curing properties and bril-

liance of polyaspartic coatings are a major

advantage in this field.

POURABLE JOINT SEALANTS

Joint sealants based on polyaspartic tech-

nology offer some unique advantages over

other technologies. By choosing the right

products, the UV and color stability of the

sealant can be dramatically improved.

Polyaspartic joint sealants also have the

unique ability of curing at low tempera-

tures. In addition, the use of plasticizers

can be eliminated in some formulations

to allow plasticizer-free sealants to be for-

mulated. Apart from their good working-

to-curing-time ratio, polyaspartic sealants,

once cured, offer better physical properties

than conventional pourable sealants.

BINDERS FOR COLORED QUARTZ SAND

PRODUCTION

Natural stones in different colors, e.g.

Atlantic Green granite or New Imperial Red,

are available for the production of stone

carpets or colored stone façades. However,

transportation of these stones is expensive

and their uneven shape is not helpful for

smooth application.

Although round, color-coated quartz sand

products have been established on the

market for many years now, the production

process requires a lot of solvent and is fairly

slow.

Polyaspartic coating binders can solve both

problems. VOC-free formulations are possi-

ble and the production time can be reduced

to approx. 30 min.

CONCLUSION

Concerted efforts to enhance effectiveness

and efficiency are more important than

ever while the quality and environmen-

tal compatibility of coatings remain crucial

success factors. Polyaspartic coatings are

fully in line with these market drivers – the

use in different industrial and construc-

tion applications demonstrating the key

benefits polyaspartic coatings bring. So it

is hardly surprising that they are now being

used in more and more fields of application,

e.g. in-mould or wood coatings.



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The reactivity of aspartics with polyisocyanates can be influenced through the choice of therest X, enabling the parameters of pot life and drying time to be adjusted specifically in a

broad range (see Table 1 and fig. 8).

Aspartics are sterically hindered secondary diamines (see fig. 7).

CHEMISTRY OF POLYASPARTICS

Table 1: Aspartics portfolio

Product Solids content

[%]

Equivalent weight Viscosity @ 23 °C

[mPa·s]

Reactivity

Desmophen® NH 1520 100 290 approx. 1,500 low

Desmophen® NH 1420 100 276 approx. 1,500 moderate

Desmophen® NH 1220 100 234 approx. 100 high

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

00.001 0.01 0.1 1 10

D r y - t o -

h a n d l e * / h

Potlife / h

NH 1220 NH 1420

NH 1520

NH 1220

NH 1420 (1 : 1)

NH 1420

NH 1520 (1 : 1)

R R

R R

O OO O

O O

O O

HN

HN

X

Fig. 8: Relation of potlife and drying timeon the example of industrial topcoats

Fig. 7 General structure of aspartics

Crosslinker: Desmodur® N 3600

NCO: NH ratio: 1 : 1* at 20 °C/50 % rel. humidity



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The properties of polyaspartics can be influenced by the choice of polyisocyanate.

The choice depends on the

desired VOC content

application

mechanical properties

adhesion to the substrate

The wide variety of possible combinations enables the development of customized

polyaspartic-based coating materials to meet different requirements. For experimental

Desmophen NH and Desmodur grades please contact your local sales representative.

Aspartics react with aliphatic polyisocyanates to form polyaspartics (see fig. 9).

Fig. 9: Reaction of aspartics with aliphatic polyisocyanate to give polyaspartics

Aspartic Aliphatic polyisocyanate Polyaspartic

Table 2: Aliphatic polyisocyanates as co-reactants for aspartics

Polyisocyanate Solids content

[%]

Viscosity @ 23 °C

[mPa·s]

NCO content

[%]

Remark

Desmodur® N 3900 100 730 23.7

Desmodur® N 3600 100 1,200 23.0

Desmodur® N 3390 90 500 19.6

Desmodur® N 3800 100 6,000 11.0 Flexibility

R

R

R

N

H

NO C R O

O

OO

R

R

R

NO HO

O

O

R – N=C=O+



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Global presence means local presence. You

can rely on us wherever you are in the world

thanks to our global supply chain manage-

ment. With production sites in most of the

strategic important regions of the world we

look for short lead times and ways to your

production site. Our quality, fast application

support and expert advice is available to you

wherever you are.

Success is a question of time. Speed, flexibi-

lity, fast development and reaction on market

requests, efficient production and delivery –

these are the keys. We will help you to achieve

those goals.

Your success is our success.

You are interested in further information?

Please contact us!

Europe, Middle East, Africa, Latin America

Bayer MaterialScience AG

Coatings, Adhesives & Specialties

51368 Leverkusen, Germany

e-mail: [email protected]

www.bayercoatings.com

North America

Bayer MaterialScience LLC

Pittsburgh, USA

phone: +01-412-777-3983

www.polyasparticcoatings.com

Asia Pacific

Bayer MaterialScience Ltd.

Shanghai, Chinae-mail: [email protected]


GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP

G L O B A L P U R : W E A R E W H E R E Y O U A R E



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Bayer MaterialScience AG

51368 LeverkusenGermany


This information and our technical advice – whether verbal, in writing or by way of trials – is given in good faith

but without a warranty, and this also applies where proprietary rights of third parties are involved. It does not

release you from the obligation to test the products supplied by us as to their suitability for the intended processes

and uses.

The application, use and processing of the products are beyond our control and, therefore, entirely your own

responsibility. Should, in spite of this, liability be established for any damage, it will be limited to the value of the

goods delivered by us and used by you. We will, of course, provide products of consistent quality within the scope

of our General Conditions of Sale and Delivery.

brochure polyisocyanates polyaspartics change the coatings game 14-06-2011 e

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