brochure tego printing inksthe brochure our printing ink market segment bro-chure is intended to...

Printing Inks

Druckfarben_GB_2012_final.indd 1 15.05.12 15:04

Masthead

Published byEvonik Industries AGGoldschmidtstraße 10045127 EssenGermanyManaging Editor (responsible)Susanne [email protected]

DesignMERZ Werbeagentur, DüsseldorfTranslationDr. John Haim, Christopher HowardCopyrightThe editorial matter, pictures or text, may not be reproduced without the publisher’s prior permission.


TEGO – one of the successful brands from Evonik Industries

As the leading supplier of specialty chemicals world-wide, Evonik offers its customers in the coatings industry a unique range of products under the TEGO brand name. Our portfolio is the result of experience gained over 25 years in which we have researched optimal solutions which are ideal for our customers. With more than 200 products, the range currently includes not only defoamers and deaerators but also wetting and dispersing additives, flow additives, radiation-curing additives, rheological additives, hydrophobing agents and even co-binders, specialty resins, and nanocomposites.

We remove air from paint, make surfaces glossy and ensure lacquers are scratch-resistant. Environmental concerns are of key importance when developing our new products.

Besides our extensive expertise in providing customized solutions, our numerous contacts in more than 40 countries are an additional advantage. This underlines our philosophy of developing intelligent products for new applications not only for, but together with, our customers. We look forward to your challenge and are confident that we can find an advantageous solution for you.

Tego – Adding Advantages.

About us

TEGO Printing Inks Seite 3


Know-howEvonik’s TEGO brand name stands for innovation in the development of new binders, co-binders and special-purpose binders.

Combating micro- and macro-foam con-tinues to be a major focus. For more than 20 years, the TEGO product range has included polyethersiloxane copolymers. Emulsions manufactured from them are used as high-performance defoamers for waterborne flexographic and gravure printing inks as well as overprint var-nishes. With the TEGO range of products, Evonik has been firmly established for many years as a supplier of cross-linkable surface control additives (silicone acrylates) for radiation-curing printing inks and varnishes. Highly dynamic, sili-cone-free wetting additives for water-borne printing inks, lacquers and fountain solution concentrates as well as wetting and dispersing agents for waterbornes and UV have become important in recent years. Co-binders for improving adhesion and general film properties are also con-sidered.

TEGO® DispersWetting and dispersing additives

TEGO® Foamex und AirexDefoamers and deaerators

TEGO® Flow und GlideFlow and slip additives

TEGO® RadCross-linkable surface control additives for radiation curing

TEGO® WetSubstrate wetting additives

TEGO® PhobeHydrophobing agents

TEGO® VariPlusCo-binders

Seite 4 TEGO Printing Inks


The focusAt Evonik, the main emphasis in new product development is on waterborne and energy-curing printing inks and var-nishes. The strong focus on future coat-ings and printing inks technologies has resulted in practically all Tego additives for the printing inks industry being free of organic solvents, mineral oils, silicone oils and alkylphenol ethoxylates.

Proximity to customersA large team of specialists is concerned solely with evaluating and supporting TEGO® additives for printing inks and var-nishes. This takes place in close consulta-tion with our specially trained marketing specialists, the international Technical Competence Center and above all with you, our customers.

The futureOur strength is being able to think one step ahead. Evonik is constantly working on developing new and improved tech-nologies for the wide spectrum of addi-tives and co-binders discussed here.

The brochureOur printing ink market segment bro-chure is intended to facilitate your daily formulation tasks and also provide a com-prehensive overview of our products for printing inks and varnishes. This brochure provides valuable information and prod-uct recommendations which will help you solve problems rapidly. It is arranged as follows:

* The demands made on additives for gravure and flexogra-phic inks are often similar and are thus discussed jointly in one section.

· Flexographic and gravure printing inks* 6 - 13· Printing varnishes 14 - 19· Silk screen printing inks and varnishes 20 - 25· Industrial inkjet 26 - 31



Flexographic- and Gravure Printing Inks


Because of their low viscosity, flexographic and gravure printing inks make particular demands on the additives used.

· First, high pigment loadings (usually organic pigments or carbon blacks) must be optimally wetted and stabilized.

· Second, the inks must be very efficiently defoamed, an increasingly difficult task with the ever higher machine speeds and new doctor blade systems. Rapid foam collapse is more and more often required, and the additives must be highly resistant to shear.

· Widely differing print stock must, of course, be rapidly and efficiently wetted.

· Finally, suitable additives can be used to customize the surface properties of flexographic inks.



Wetting and dispersing additives for waterborne flexographic and gravure printing inks

When manufacturing waterborne flexo-graphic and gravure printing inks, pig-ment grinding can take place in aqueous resin solution or without binder, i.e. with-out resin solution. Depending on the process chosen, differing demands are made on the wetting and dispersing addi-tives.

If the pigment is ground in an aqueous resin solution, the wetting and dispersing additive should exhibit first class pigment wetting characteristics. This is necessary in order to have a strong effect on the flow of the millbase, color strength development and transparency even at relatively low concentrations. Evonik has developed the highly effective TEGO® Dispers 760 W for this purpose.

For binder-free pigment grinding (with-out resin solution), excellent stabilization of the pigment dispersion is also required.TEGO® Dispers 765 W, a polymer wet-ting and dispersing additive, was specially developed for use in binder-free printing inks. TEGO® Dispers 653 is particularly suited for use with phthalocyanine pig-ments either on its own or in combination with TEGO® Dispers 765 W. Both prod-ucts are also distinguished by good pig-ment wetting properties and outstanding pigment stabilization thus permitting the manufacture of stable aqueous pig-ment concentrates with excellent color intensity and highly stable viscosity. Larger amounts of additives are required in this case because there is no resin solu-tion additionally stabilizing the pigments.

TEGO® Dispers 760 W· aqueous wetting and

dispersing additive· outstanding color intensity

and rheology· effective at low concentra-

tions · outstanding for carbon blacks

and organic pigments· suitable for binder-contain-

ing pigment concentrates· especially suitable for flexo-

graphic and gravure printing inks

TEGO® Dispers 685· high performance wetting

and dispersing additive· outstanding viscosity reduc-

tion and color intensity· outstanding for carbon blacks

and organic pigments· very suitable for titanium

dioxide· ideal for UV-flexographic

inks



Improving grinding by the use of spe-cial resins in solventborne printing inks

To maintain a competitive advantage, manufacturers strive constantly to improve their solventborne, and particu-larly nitrocellulose-based, printing inks.

Evonik has a product for improving pig-ment wetting and stabilization: TEGO® VariPlus TC, a ketone-aldehyde conden-sation resin which functions as a co-binder and is incorporated during the grinding process. The strong pigment affinity of this co-binder results in higher color intensities and lower viscosities in the millbase. TEGO® VariPlus TC improves adhesion of the printing ink even on difficult substrates such as poly-olefins.

Wetting and dispersing additives for radiation-curing flexographic inks

Rheology is often the greatest challenge in the case of radiation-curing flexo-graphic inks because of the high pigment loadings required. When using a solvent-free additive in such printing inks, high performance additives are necessary to obtain sufficiently good flow properties and excellent color strength development especially with problematical pigment surfaces. TEGO® Dispers 685, specially developed for this purpose, is a liquid, high molecular weight wetting and dis-persing additive optimally suited for both organic carbon blacks and titanium diox-ide. In addition to good pigment wetting, TEGO® Dispers 685 increases gloss. The product is equally suited for grinding in triple roll mills and bead mills.

Pigment dispersion

Organic pigments Carbon blacks Inorganic pigments

Waterbornebinder-containing pigment dispersion

TEGO® Dispers 760 W TEGO® Dispers 765 W

TEGO® Dispers 760 W TEGO® Dispers 765 WTEGO® Dispers 755 W

TEGO® Dispers 760 WTEGO® Wet 505TEGO® Dispers 653

Waterbornebinder-free pigment dispersion

TEGO® Dispers 765 W TEGO® Dispers 653

TEGO® Dispers 765 W TEGO® Dispers 760 W TEGO® Dispers 750 W

TEGO® Dispers 755 WTEGO® Dispers 653TEGO® Dispers 752 W

Radiation-curingTEGO® Dispers 685 TEGO® Dispers 710

TEGO® Dispers 685 TEGO® Dispers 710

TEGO® Dispers 685TEGO® Dispers 656TEGO® Dispers 652

Solventbornebinder-containing pigment dispersion TEGO® VariPlus TC TEGO® VariPlus TC

Millbase defoamers: also effective in the finished printing inks

The millbase defoamer contributes decisively to efficient pigment dispersing. Poor defoaming of the millbase results in inadequate transfer of the applied shear forces to the millbase because of the foam. An effective defoamer in the mill-base ensures short dispersing times and the best possible dispersing result after let-down of the millbase. It also ensures basic defoaming in the finished flexo-graphic or gravure printing ink.



The right combination of millbase and let-down defoamer

The addition of a high performance defoamer to the let-down is a prerequisite for the persistent, efficient defoaming of a printing ink. It is worthwhile using a combination made up of a millbase defoamer and let-down defoamer. Two different products are frequently used in waterborne flexographic and gravure printing inks:· a highly effective defoamer concentrate

or defoamer solution for the millbase· an easily incorporated defoamer emul-

sion for the let-down

Long-term effectiveness of defoamers

Some ink formulations, particularly those based on classical, waterborne hybrids of carboxyl-containing resin solution in com-bination with a polymer dispersion, seem to rapidly “swallow” traditional defoamers rendering them ineffective. This effect is frequently reinforced by the use of com-mercialy available pigment concentrates with a high tendency to foam. In develop-ing defoamers for printing inks in recent years, Evonik has, therefore, placed a strong emphasis on good long-term effec-tiveness which is reflected in the develop-ment of products such as TEGO® Foamex 842 and 3062 for the millbase and TEGO® Foamex 843, 845 or 1488 for the let-down. There is also an additional focus on the shear stability of the defoamer and rapid foam collapse.



Silicone-free defoamers

Besides organic modified polysiloxanes, Evonik also offers silicone-free products. Developed for waterborne printing inks, TEGO® Foamex 831 is very good at defoaming millbases. It is also well suited for use in the let-down in the most diverse formulations. For particularly sen-sitive systems, TEGO® Foamex 830 has proved to be a highly compatible millbase defoamer. In UV flexographic inks, the silicone- and solvent-free TEGO® Airex 920 is a good and highly compatible defoamer in both the millbase and let-down.

Defoaming

Millbase Let-down

Waterborneabsorbent print stock

TEGO® Foamex 842 TEGO® Foamex 810 TEGO® Airex 901 W

TEGO® Foamex 843 TEGO® Foamex 845TEGO® Foamex 1488

Waterbornenon-absorbent print stock

TEGO® Foamex 810 TEGO® Foamex 830 TEGO® Foamex 831

TEGO® Foamex 822TEGO® Foamex 805 TEGO® Airex 902 W

Radiation-curing

TEGO® Airex 920 TEGO® Airex 900 TEGO® Foamex N

TEGO® Airex 920 TEGO® Rad 2500

SolventborneTEGO® Airex 900TEGO® Foamex N

TEGO® Airex 920TEGO® Airex 900

TEGO® Foamex 843· defoamer compound · rapid foam collapse· easily incorporated· long-term effectiveness and

shear resistant· very suitable for colloidal

systems· very suitable for waterborne

flexographic and gravure printing inks

TEGO® Foamex 831· silicone-free defoamer · good foam inhibition and

collapse· good effectiveness in

millbase and let-down· ideal for use in printing inks

for food packaging



TEGO® Wet 500· silicone-free substrate

wetting additive· outstanding dynamic

properties· foam inhibiting· universally applicable in

waterborne printing inks and varnishes

TEGO® Twin 4100· Siloxane-Gemini

surfactant· very good substrate

wetting without stabilizing foam

· wetting even on the most difficult substrates

· suitable for waterborne printing inks and var-nishes

Substrate wetting and flow

Waterbornepaper, card, corrugated cardboard, etc.

TEGO® Wet 500TEGO® Wet 505TEGO® Twin 4100

WaterbornePE, PP, etc.

TEGO® Wet 270*

TEGO® Twin 4100*

TEGO® Wet 510

Waterbornealuminum, etc.

TEGO® Wet 270*

TEGO® Wet 510TEGO® Twin 4100

Radiation-curing

TEGO® Glide 435TEGO® Wet 270TEGO® Rad 2300

Solventborne

TEGO® Glide 100TEGO® Glide 410 TEGO® Twin 4000

*also in combination with TEGO® Wet 500

Rapid printing processes require rapid wetting

With most high speed printing machinery, good and rapid wetting of the print stock by the printing ink is essential. Substrate wetting additives not only promote wet-ting but also assist as a suitable additive during transfer of the printing ink from the printing cylinder or plate to the sub-strate. In waterborne flexographic or gravure printing inks, highly dynamic surfactants such as the TEGO® Wet 5XX range are the first choice. These solvent-free, non-ionic wetting additives not only promote wetting of diverse substrates but also inhibit foam.

A strong reduction of the static surface tension is important to ensure good wet-ting of even difficult substrates. Further-more, fast machine speeds and processes increase foam build-up. TEGO® Twin 4000 and 4100, members of a new class of product developed specifically by Evonik to combat this, are siloxane-based Gemini surfactants. This unique technol-ogy impressively combines substrate wetting and foam inhibition up to foam collapse. TEGO® Twin 4000 and 4100 are modern multifunctional additives effective in low concentrations in water-borne and radiation-curing printing inks.

Combinations of organic and siloxane-based surfactants are also promising as they exhibit high dynamics resulting in good ink transfer and good lay-down on difficult substrates. With very difficult to wet print stock, such as polyolefins, the use of a classic siloxane surfactant is recommended. TEGO® Wet 270 or TEGO® Twin 4100 are particularly suitable.



Co-binders for improving adhesion on polyolefin substrates

Achieving good adhesion is a major challenge, particularly on difficult sub-strates such as plastic films. A very promising starting point is the use of special co-binders to improve the adhe-sion and general properties of printing inks.

For this, Evonik offers special purpose resins which are simply added to printing ink formulations as co-binders. In solvent-borne printing inks, the high performance products TEGO® VariPlus 1201 and TEGO® VariPlus SK have proved espe-cially effective. TEGO® VariPlus 1201 improves adhesion, gloss, drying times and chemical resistance. TEGO® VariPlus SK additionally produces higher color intensity. The over-printability or emboss-ability of the products is not affected.

Surface effects

WaterborneSlip

TEGO® Glide 482TEGO® Glide 440TEGO® Glide 410

WaterborneAnti-blocking and release

TEGO® Glide 482TEGO® Phobe 1401TEGO® Phobe 1650

WaterborneHydrophobing

TEGO® Glide 482TEGO® Phobe 1401

Radiation-curingSlip

TEGO® Glide 432TEGO® Rad 2300TEGO® Glide 435

Radiation-curingAnti-blocking and release

TEGO® Rad 2500TEGO® Rad 2600TEGO® Rad 2700



Print Varnishes


Important parameters, as far as additives for printing varnishes or overprint varnishes are concerned, are flow and substrate wetting. Defoaming is also of great importance in as much as it must be achieved without cloudiness, flow problems or impaired gloss.

Scratch resistance, anti-blocking and release effects, excellent heat-sealability, bondability, etc. are among the many require-ments. These properties are sometimes mutually exclusive and compromises are, therefore, sometimes unavoidable.



Polysiloxanes optimize slip and anti-blocking effect

In many applications of printing varnishes, slip and the related increase in scratch resistance and an anti-blocking effect are desired. These effects can be adjusted precisely by high performance siloxane-based surface control additives. In con-trast to waxes, they maintain the brilliance and gloss of the printed material. They are frequently used in combination with waxes which results in synergies. The amount of wax required can often be sig-nificantly reduced thus increasing gloss while retaining the abrasion-reducing effect of the wax. TEGO® Glide 482 has been developed to provide maximum slip and anti-blocking, especially in water-borne formulations.

This emulsion of a high molecular polysi-loxane produces an outstanding, persist-ent effect as well as being hydrophobing. The top product for solventborne and particularly nitrocellulose printing var-nishes and inks is TEGO® Glide A 115. TEGO® Glide 410 is particularly suitable for all other solventborne printing ink for-mulations. Both additives are highly effec-

tive and exhibit not only outstanding flow, slip and anti-blocking effects but also improve the effectiveness of waxes and matting agents through uniform ori-entation.

Cross-linkable and non-cross-linkable additives for radiation-curing

The TEGO® Rad range has been designed to provide persistent surface effects in radiation-curing varnishes. The acrylic groups of these surface control additives cross-link during radiation-curing in the varnish film. For high gloss printing var-nishes, we recommend the new, particu-larly low-foam TEGO® Rad 2010 and the highly compatible TEGO® Rad 2250. Both promote highly effective substrate wet-ting, flow, slip and scratch resistance. TEGO® Rad 2500 is especially suitable for matted printing lacquers. Besides improv-ing slip, scratch resistance and anti-block-ing, it also deaerates. If cross-linkability of the surface control additive is not required, the desired effect can be achieved with non-reactive polyether siloxane copolymers such as TEGO® Glide 432 or 440.



The highest cross-linkability is achieved with both new products in the TEGO® Rad range. TEGO® Rad 2010 is particu-larly low-foam, improves wetting and lowers the slip value. Nevertheless, it is so compatible that it can be used in radia-tion-curing printing varnishes and printing inks. TEGO® Rad 2011 is overprintable and improves the flow of an ink or over-print varnish. These products are also of interest for their process simplification which results in an outstandingly good cost/performance ratio.

Bondability and heat sealability

In many cases, the emphasis with printing lacquer formulations is that they should be bondable and heat sealable, and this is somewhat at odds with slip and release. This requires non-reactive surface control additives, the slip effect of which is some-what less pronounced than that of the

TEGO® Glide 482· slip additive emulsion· outstanding slip and release

effect· maintains gloss and flow· ideal for waterborne printing

varnishes, also suitable for pigmented inks

TEGO® Rad 2010· radiation-curing surface

control additive· highest cross-linkability· promotes wetting, flow and

slip· particularly low-foam· ideal for printing varnishes,

also suitable for pigmented inks

Surface effects

General Bondable and heat-sealable

WaterborneFlow

TEGO® Glide 440 TEGO® Wet 500 TEGO® Flow 425

TEGO® Wet 270 TEGO® Wet 510

WaterborneSlip

TEGO® Glide 482 TEGO® Glide 410TEGO® Glide 440 TEGO® Glide 100


TEGO® Glide 482 TEGO® Phobe 1401TEGO® Glide 410 n. a.


TEGO® Glide 482 TEGO® Phobe 1401TEGO® Phobe 1650 n. a.

Radiation-curingFlow, non-reactive

TEGO® Glide 432TEGO® Flow 425 TEGO® Glide 440

TEGO® Wet 270 TEGO® Flow 425TEGO® Wet 500

Radiation-curingFlow, reactive

TEGO® Rad 2010TEGO® Rad 2300 TEGO® Rad 2250

TEGO® Rad 2100TEGO® Rad 2011

Radiation-curingSlip, non-reactive

TEGO® Glide 432 TEGO® Glide 440TEGO® Glide 435 TEGO® Glide 100

Radiation-curingSlip, reactive

TEGO® Rad 2250 TEGO® Rad 2010TEGO® Rad 2500 n. a.


TEGO® Rad 2500TEGO® Rad 2700*

TEGO® Rad 2010 n. a.

*if necessary, in combination with TEGO® Rad 2200 N or TEGO® Glide 440

products mentioned above. TEGO® Glide 100 provides the ideal balance between slip and heat-sealability and is equally suited for use in waterborne, radiation-curing and solventborne formulations. It also improves flow.



Substrate wetting and flow – a many-faceted challenge

Printing and overprinting varnishes are applied to a wide variety of substrates, and the range of substrate wetting addi-tives used is just as diverse. Sulfosuccinate surfactants have been used in waterborne formulations to ensure adequate wettabil-ity by the overprint varnish of the fresh offset ink. Within the Tego Select Line range, Evonik offers for such applications a diisooctyl sulfosuccinate under the names Rewopol® SB DO 75 and SB DO 75 PG. A disadvantage of the sulfosucci-nates is, however, foam build-up which occurs during the production or applica-tion of waterborne lacquers.

Evonik has developed a new class of addi-tives to deal with this; the siloxane-based Gemini surfactants TEGO® Twin 4000 and 4100. TEGO® Twin 4000, in particu-lar, exhibits outstanding properties in waterborne overprint varnishes when wetting fresh offset inks. It is both sub-strate-wetting and foam-inhibiting to

defoaming. Even small amounts reduce the number of products required in the combination of defoamers, flow additives and substrate wetting additives previously necessary. The use of a single additive improves the result. Tests and experience show that this technology can completely eliminate the need to use strongly foam-ing organic surfactants in waterborne printing lacquers.

TEGO® Twin 4100 greatly improves wet-ting of difficult substrates, such as poly-olefins, by waterborne printing inks. The combination of substrate wetting without foaming makes it significantly easier for the development chemist to develop for-mulations for fast-running machines.

With radiation-curing overprint varnishes, this challenge can be mastered with very strongly surface-active polyether siloxanes or polyether siloxane acrylates. TEGO® Glide 432 is the favorite for this application. Besides substrate wetting, it also ensures good flow and high slip. Sim-ilar properties, paired with cross-linkabil-ity, can be achieved with TEGO® Rad 2300.

If, in contrast, slip should be avoided, TEGO® Wet 270 or the cross-linkable TEGO® Rad 2010 is the product of choice. Both maintain the heat-sealability and bondability of the ink surface. In other applications, such as waterborne printing varnishes on aluminum, both the highly active siloxane surfactants and the broadly applicable low-foam and dynamic silicone-free surfactants of the Tego prod-uct range are used. Here, TEGO® Wet 510, the most hydrophilic representative of the TEGO® Wet 5XX range, has proved to be particularly effective. TEGO® Wet 510 exhibits, besides good substrate wet-ting, excellent flow properties and improved gloss.

TEGO® Twin 4000· siloxane-based Gemini sur-

factant· highly effective at low con-

centrations· very good wetting· particularly recommended

for waterborne overprint varnishes

· defoaming effect

TEGO® Wet 510· silicone-free substrate wet-

ting additive· very good substrate wetting

and flow· no foam stabilization· improves gloss· ideal for waterborne printing

varnishes

Substrate wetting


WaterborneFresh offset inks

TEGO® Twin 4000TEGO® Wet 270*

Rewopol® SB DO 75

WaterbornePaper, cardboard

TEGO® Twin 4100TEGO® Wet 510TEGO® Wet 500

WaterborneAluminum, plastic foil, etc.

TEGO® Wet 270*

TEGO® Wet 510TEGO® Twin 4100*

Radiation-curingNon-reactive

TEGO® Glide 432TEGO® Glide 435TEGO® Glide 440

TEGO® Wet 270TEGO® Wet 500

Radiation-curingReactive

TEGO® Rad 2250 TEGO® Rad 2010TEGO® Rad 2200 N TEGO® Rad 2100

*also in combination with TEGO® Wet 500



Optimal choice and incorporation of defoamers and deaerators

Depending on their formulation and vis-cosity, printing varnishes exhibit very dif-ferent foaming behavior. Many overprint varnishes contain high amounts of sur-factant for substrate wetting and exhibit a high level of foam stabilization. There-fore, they require highly active defoam-ers. Other formulations, in contrast, require only very compatible defoamers. Depending on the application process, there can be many types of foam. The higher viscosity formulations, such as those for roller application, frequently tend to experience stable micro-foam. Defoamers or deaerator concentrates are ideally suited to eliminate this. In contrast, gravure lacquers usually require defoam-ers with good compatibility and rapid foam collapse. With all printing varnishes, it is essential for the defoamer/deaerator to be mixed in thoroughly to avoid flow problems in the finished varnish. In waterborne formulations, defoamer emul-sions are therefore predominantly used because they require lower shear forces to incorporate them than concentrates. Pre-dilution in suitable solvents and/or the use of high shear is recommended for incorporating defoamers and deaerator concentrates. The high activity defoamer emulsion TEGO® Foamex 845 is excel-lently suited for waterborne overprint varnishes with a strong tendency to foam.

For lower foam and also more defect-prone printing varnishes, TEGO® Foamex 805 and TEGO® Airex 902 W defoamer emulsions, which are optimized for com-patibility, are preferred. The highly com-patible TEGO® Airex 920 has been spe-cially developed for non-pigmented radiation-curing formulations and is ideal for UV varnishes. It introduces almost no cloudiness or tendency towards defects in the varnish and maintains its heat-seala-bility and bondability.


control additive· highly cross-linkable· overprintable· promotes flow


control additive· defoaming and deaerating

effect· increases slip and scratch

resistance· ideally suited for matted

lacquers and screen printing inks

Defoaming

Strong foaming Moderate foaming

Waterborne

TEGO® Foamex 845 TEGO® Airex 901 W TEGO® Foamex 822

TEGO® Airex 902 W TEGO® Foamex 822 TEGO® Foamex 805

Radiation-curingglossy

TEGO® Airex 920 TEGO® Rad 2500 TEGO® Airex 900 TEGO® Airex 920

Radiation-curingmatte

TEGO® Rad 2500 TEGO® Airex 900 TEGO® Airex 920

TEGO® Airex 920TEGO® Rad 2500



Screen Printing Inks and Varnishes


Screen printing inks and varnishes make the highest demands on the effectiveness of deaerators. The reason is that during printing, large amounts of finely dispersed air are introduced into the ink film as micro-foam. The relatively high film thick-nesses and the rheology of inks and varnishes make it difficult for the foam to escape.

The diversity of the pigments used in screen printing can lead to various problems in pigment wetting and stabilization. Of course, high performance additives are required to wet the hugely different print stock such as plastics, metals, glass, etc and obtain pronounced surface effects such as slip, release, etc.



Deaerator = Flow and leveling additive?

Experience shows that with screen print-ing, it is difficult to separate defoaming, deaerating and flow from one another. The microfoam introduced during printing is often apparent only in the form of poor flow. This is even truer of the UV screen printing inks and varnishes which cure in seconds and particularly with rotary screen printing. Evonik has therefore developed high performance, siloxane-based defoamers and defoamer concen-trates such as TEGO® Foamex N and

TEGO® Airex 900. Both products have an active substance content of 100% and solve even difficult foam problems in radiation-curing and solventborne formu-lations. If bondability and problem-free overprintability is demanded of radiation-curing formulations, the silicone-free deaerator TEGO® Airex 920 is suitable. For waterborne screen printing inks and varnishes, TEGO® Airex 901 W is the preferred choice. This is a deaerator con-centrate specially developed for combat-ing micro-foam in waterborne formula-tions. All the products mentioned are solvent-free.

TEGO® Airex 900· very effective defoamer/

deaerator concentrate· good balance between foam

destruction and compatibility· particularly rapid deaeration

TEGO® Airex 920· silicone-free deaerator

concentrate· good effectiveness with

minimal susceptibility to defects

· overprintable and bondable· ideally suited for radiation-

curing printing varnishes and inks

TEGO® Foamex N· extremely effective defoamer

concentrate· ensures fastest deaeration

and foam destruction· ideal for pigmented screen

printing inks

Defoaming

Millbase Let-down/Clear coat

Waterborne

TEGO® Foamex 810 TEGO® Airex 901 W TEGO® Foamex 845

TEGO® Foamex 845 TEGO® Airex 901 WTEGO® Foamex 810

Radiation-curing

TEGO® Foamex N TEGO® Airex 900 TEGO® Airex 920

TEGO® Airex 920 TEGO® Airex 900

Solventborne

TEGO® Foamex N TEGO® Airex 900 TEGO® Foamex 840

TEGO® Airex 931 TEGO® Airex 986TEGO® Airex 935



lently suited for the dispersion of carbon blacks, organic and inorganic pigments. In absolutely solvent-free radiation-curing inks, it is strongly recommended that the choice of wetting and dispersing additive for optimal color strength development should depend on the type of pigment.With the new types, TEGO® Dispers 685 and TEGO® Dispers 652, Evonik offers solvent-free high performance products for this purpose. For waterborne screen printing inks, there are also widely appli-cable wetting and dispersing additives:

TEGO® Dispers 755 W, which shows its strengths particularly in binder-free pig-ment grinds, and TEGO® Dispers 760 W, which in binder-containing grinds pro-vides excellent wetting of the most critical pigments even at very low concentra-tions. For inorganic pigments and fillers, we particularly recommend TEGO® Dispers 653. Of course, all these additives are solvent-free and, like all TEGO addi-tives, free of alkylphenol ethoxylates.

Pigment wetting and dispersion

It is obvious that not all pigments can be equally well wetted with just one addi-tive. However, to keep the number of wetting and dispersing additives within a range of inks to a minimum, Evonik offers products which are widely applicable. Thus, the polymeric high performance additives, TEGO® Dispers 670 and 710, used in solventborne and radiation-curing screen printing inks, can be considered as almost universal additives. They are excel-

Pigment dispersion

Organic pigments Carbon blacks Inorganic pigments

WaterborneBinder-containing pigment dispersion

TEGO® Dispers 760 WTEGO® Dispers 653 TEGO® Dispers 755 W

TEGO® Dispers 760 W TEGO® Dispers 650 TEGO® Dispers 755 W

TEGO® Dispers 755 WTEGO® Wet 505TEGO® Dispers 653

WaterborneBinder-free pigment dispersion

TEGO® Dispers 755 W TEGO® Dispers 653 TEGO® Dispers 760 W

TEGO® Dispers 755 W TEGO® Dispers 760 W TEGO® Dispers 650

TEGO® Dispers 653 TEGO® Dispers 755 WTEGO® Dispers 752 W

Radiation-curing

TEGO® Dispers 685TEGO® Dispers 710TEGO® Dispers 652

TEGO® Dispers 685 TEGO® Dispers 670TEGO® Dispers 710


Solventborne

TEGO® Dispers 670 TEGO® Dispers 710 TEGO® Dispers 685





Surface control additives: preventing foam is also important

Very pronounced surface effects are fre-quently desired in screen printing inks and varnishes. When recommending appropriate additives, Evonik places a strong emphasis not only on their effec-tiveness but also on their anti-foaming effect. In this respect, the Tego range of products contains some particularly inter-esting types:· The cross-linkable TEGO® Rad 2500 is

used with great success in radiation-cur-ing screen printing formulations. It com-bines a durable release effect with sur-face smoothness and pronounced deaerating characteristics. It is especially suitable for screen printing inks and matte screen printing varnishes.

· TEGO® Rad 2010 (highly cross-linka-ble) and TEGO® Glide 435 are the par-ticularly low-foam yet good compatibil-ity products of first choice for high gloss, radiation-curing varnishes. Both products are strongly substrate-wetting and flow promoting.

· TEGO® Glide 482 is the counterpart for waterborne formulations. It achieves maximum possible slip and anti-block-ing, does not stabilize foam and is out-standingly suitable for use in a wide range from pigmented inks to high gloss varnishes.

Substrate wetting without foam

For optimizing substrate wetting in screen printing with waterborne formulations, we recommend TEGO® Wet 505, the most hydrophobic member of the TEGO® Wet 5XX range. If the product is used in the millbase, it also improves pigment wetting. The additional use of low con-centrations of a highly active siloxane sur-factant such as TEGO® Wet 270 for wet-ting very low energy materials such as plastic film gives excellent results. The previously described products, TEGO® Rad 2010 und 2011 (highly cross-linka-ble) as well as TEGO® Glide 435, are widely applicable in radiation-curing for-mulations. If their slip effect is, however,


control additive· highly cross-linkable· low foam to defoaming

properties· improves wetting, slip

and anti-blocking· high compatibility


control additive· produces lowest release

and slip values· strong hydrophobing and

anti-blocking properties· very effective even at

minimal dosages· particularly suitable for

printing inks

TEGO® Glide 435· siloxane-based slip and

release additive· high compatibility· greatly improves wetting

and promotes flow· low foam· very compatible in printing

inks and varnishesSurface effects


WaterborneWetting and flow

TEGO® Wet 505 TEGO® Wet 270 TEGO® Twin 4100

TEGO® Wet 500 TEGO® Wet 505 TEGO® Wet 270

WaterborneSlip

TEGO® Glide 482TEGO® Glide 410TEGO® Glide 440 TEGO® Glide 100


TEGO® Glide 482TEGO® Phobe 1401TEGO® Phobe 1650 n. a.


TEGO® Glide 482TEGO® Phobe 1401 n. a.



Co-Binders for improving adhesion on plastic films

Screen printing inks are applied to all sorts of substrates. Good adhesion is of major importance and may be achieved by using co-binders to improve this and other properties of printing inks. For this purpose, Evonik offers specially devel-oped co-binders which are added to

printing ink formulations. TEGO® VariPlus 1201 and TEGO® VariPlus SK have proved themselves in solventborne print-ing inks. The use of TEGO® VariPlus 1201 results in improved adhesion, increased gloss, faster drying and better resistance to chemicals. Additionally, TEGO® VariPlus SK achieves higher color intensity.

undesirable or heat sealability and bonda-bility are required, then other siloxane additives should be used. The first choice here is TEGO® Wet 270. It is effective in lowering surface tension in clear and in pigmented formulations and does not produce any significant slip on the sur-face. A similarly good result can be achieved with the cross-linkable TEGO® Rad 2011.

Surface effects

General, pigmented General, clear Bondable and heat-sealable

Radiation-curingWetting and flow, non-reactive

TEGO® Glide 435 TEGO® Wet 270 TEGO® Wet 500

TEGO® Glide 435 TEGO® Glide 432 TEGO® Wet 270

TEGO® Wet 270TEGO® Wet 500

Radiation-curingWetting and flow, reactive

TEGO® Rad 2010TEGO® Rad 2011TEGO® Rad 2200 N

TEGO® Rad 2010 TEGO® Rad 2250 TEGO® Rad 2011 TEGO® Rad 2011

Radiation-curingSlip, non-reactive

TEGO® Glide 435 TEGO® Glide 432 TEGO® Foamex 840

TEGO® Glide 435 TEGO® Glide 432 TEGO® Glide 100

Radiation-curingSlip, reactive

TEGO® Rad 2010 TEGO® Rad 2500 TEGO® Rad 2600

TEGO® Rad 2010TEGO® Rad 2250 n. a.


TEGO® Rad 2500 TEGO® Rad 2700 TEGO® Rad 2010

TEGO® Rad 2500 TEGO® Rad 2010 n. a.



Industrial Inkjet


Inkjet inks require a special approach plus high performance additives and co-binders.

The difference, and thus the challenge, with solventborne, radiation-curing and waterborne inkjet formulations is their very low viscosity. Typically, it is even less than the very low viscosity of flexographic and gravure inks.

Close attention must be paid to pigment wetting and the correct choice of dispersing additive. Extremely fine pigments are being used instead of dyes in contemporary industrial but also, increasingly, SOHO (Small Office Home Office) applica-tions.

During dispersion, these extremely fine pigments are frequently ground down into primary particles. The dispersing additive must wet their surfaces quickly, stabilize the pigment and get as close to Newtonian flow as possible.

Furthermore, additives control and affect various aspects of the rheology such as drop formation and substrate wetting.



Wetting and dispersing additives for radiation-curing inkjet inks

Pigment wetting and dispersing make their own specific demands. Although the pigment content in inkjet formulations is not high, extremely high performance dispersing additives are required.

The design of the print head, highest pos-sible color intensity and Newtonian flow are just some important aspects. The pig-ments must be dispersed down to primary particle size and stabilized which requires high performance dispersing additives.TEGO® Dispers 685 has proved to be an especially useful wetting and dispersing additive in radiation-curing inkjet formu-lations. Organic pigments and, particu-larly, magenta and carbon black pigments, are rapidly wetted and durably stabilized. TEGO® Dispers 685 works both in formu-lations based on pure monomer and in monomer/oligomer mixtures. TEGO® Dispers 685 also ensures Newtonian flow for the inkjet inks.



With more difficult pigments and carbon blacks, TEGO® Dispers 760 W is the right choice. It has good pigment wetting and stabilization. Critical pigments and high density pigments require an additive with particular stabilizing characteristics. TEGO® Dispers 755 W exhibits its strength as a high molecular weight dis-persing additive with outstanding, almost Newtonian, flow behavior, low viscosity and universal applicability for organic pigments and carbon blacks.

Viscosity is less of a problem with sol-ventborne than with radiation-curing inkjet formulations. Nevertheless, very good and rapid dispersion is desirable. The rheological profile should be as Newtonian as possible to preclude prob-lems during printing. The use of TEGO® Dispers 670 in this situation enables the desired properties to be achieved. The high molecular weight wetting and dis-persing additive is particularly suitable for organic and carbon black pigments

for the inkjet sector. TEGO® Dispers 670 achieves its outstanding properties in most of the common solvents including eco-solvents. Dispersing additives are particularly important for waterborne inkjet inks. If pigments are used instead of dyes, very powerful additives are required for wetting and controlling rheology. In some cases, siloxane-based surfactants, such as TEGO® Wet KL 245 and TEGO® Wet 270, suffice to assist pigment wet-ting.

Pigment dispersion

Organic pigments Carbon blacks

Radiation-curing TEGO® Dispers 685 TEGO® Dispers 685

SolventborneTEGO® Dispers 670 TEGO® Dispers 710

TEGO® Dispers 670 TEGO® Dispers 710

Waterborne

TEGO® Dispers 760 WTEGO® Wet KL 245TEGO® Dispers 755 W

TEGO® Dispers 760 WTEGO® Wet KL 245TEGO® Dispers 755 W



Substrate wetting and flow

Radiation-curing

TEGO® Rad 2200 NTEGO® Rad 2300TEGO® Glide 432

Solventborne

TEGO® Glide 410TEGO® Glide 100TEGO® Wet 270

Waterborne

TEGO® Wet KL 245TEGO® Wet 500TEGO® Glide 100

Substrate wetting and improving the print quality

The cross-linking TEGO® Rad additives have proved especially suitable in radia-tion-curing formulations. They not only enable substrate wetting characteristics to be adjusted but are also beneficial for drop formation. TEGO® Rad 2200 N is a universal product, highly compatible in oligomers and monomers, which provides excellent wetting. TEGO® Rad 2300 has shown itself as an even stronger surface wetting agent. TEGO® Rad 2100 only makes minimal adjustments to wetting but ensures improved droplet lay-down. The TEGO® Rad products are cross-linking in radiation-curing formulations as they contain acrylic groups. Although not cross-linking but nevertheless also very suitable for inkjet formulations is TEGO® Glide 432 which ensures very good sub-strate wetting and a good lay-down for the ink.

In solventborne inkjet formulations, good wetting is provided by the solvent. Improvements can nevertheless be achieved by the use of suitable additives. TEGO® Glide 410, which further increases wetting and improves flow, is recommended for this purpose.

In the case of waterbornes, substrate wet-ting additives are nearly always required to lower surface tension and enable sub-strate wetting and flow to be adjusted. TEGO® Wet KL 245, which is completely soluble in water, should be emphasized here. Other interesting products are TEGO® Wet 500 and TEGO® Glide 100, which can influence surface tension and the lay-down of the ink.

Defoamers for manufacturing inkjet formulations and (for inks used) in circulation systems

The search for defoamers for inkjet for-mulation is ongoing. There are often two reasons. Powerful homogenization equip-ment and grinding units are necessary for the manufacture and dispersion of inkjet formulations. The second reason is cur-rent machinery and heads in which the ink is pumped around a circulatory sys-tem. Both can lead to foam build-up.



For waterborne and radiation-curing products, defoamers which are not too hydrophobic are useful. The viscosities are very low and the polarities also differ from those of classical gravure and flexo-graphic inks. For radiation-curing inkjet formulations, TEGO® Airex 920 is recom-mended as a silicone-free deaerator. It can be used in the dispersion stage or in the let-down.

The highly compatible silicone-free TEGO® Foamex 830 defoamer or the siloxane-based defoamer TEGO® Foamex 810 is well suited for use in waterborne formulations. Both can be used at the dispersion and let-down stages.

Another product for the let-down or subsequent incorporation is the siloxane-based TEGO® Foamex 805. It shows its strength with excellent compatibility and good defoaming.

Defoaming

Millbase Let-down

Radiation-curing TEGO® Airex 920

TEGO® Foamex 843 TEGO® Foamex 845TEGO® Foamex 1488

WaterborneTEGO® Foamex 830TEGO® Foamex 810

TEGO® Foamex 805TEGO® Foamex 830 TEGO® Foamex 810



Sales/Technical Support Hotline +49 201 173-2222AfricaEgyptEgyptian Promoters Centerphone +202 2291-8272fax +202 2415-5023

South AfricaEvonik Degussa Africa (Pty.) Ltd.phone +27 31 765 1658fax +27 31 765 1658

AmericasArgentinaMayerhofer Argentina S.A.phone +54 11 4555-4003fax +54 11 4554-3915

BrazilEvonik Degussa Brasil Ltda.phone +55 11 3146-4124fax +55 11 3146-4140

CanadaEvonik Goldschmidt Corp.phone +1 905 319-4186fax +1 905 633-7553

ColumbiaINCOPACK S.A.phone +57 4-313-0164fax +57 2-313-4988

MexicoEvonik Degussa México, S.A de C.Vphone +52 555 483-1004fax +52 555 673-6649

USAEvonik Goldschmidt Corp.phone +1 800 446-1809 fax +1 804 541-6290

AustraliaAustralia (Sydney)International Sales & Marketing Pty. Ltd.phone +61 2 9504-2400fax +61 2 9580-8045

New ZealandInternational Sales & Marketing (NZ) Ltd.phone +64 9 275-0745fax +64 9 275-0746

AsiaP.R. ChinaEvonik Degussa SpecialtyChemicals (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Shanghai Branchphone +86 21 6119-1000fax +86 21 6119-1149

Hong KongEvonik Degussa Hong Kong Ltd.phone +852 2249-6100fax +852 2249-6179

IndiaEvonik Degussa India Pvt. Ltd.phone +91 22 6723-8800fax +91 22 6723-8811

IndonesiaPT Jebsen & Jessen Chemicals Indonesiaphone +62 21 2753-7177fax +62 21 2753-7188

Japan (Osaka)Evonik Degussa Japan Co., Ltd.phone +81 6 6644-1575fax +81 6 6644-1578

KoreaEvonik Degussa Korea Ltd.phone +82 2 2071-2300fax +82 2 785-5247

MalaysiaJebsen & JessenChemicals (M) Sdn Bhdphone +60 3 7861-6788fax +60 3 7861-6799

PhilippinesJebsen & JessenChemicals (P) Inc.phone +63 2 786-7700fax +63 2 786-7716

SingaporeEvonik (SEA) Pte. Ltd.phone +65 6809-6666fax +65 6809-6866

TaiwanEvonik Degussa Taiwan Ltd.phone +886 2 2717-1242 fax +886 2 2717-2106

ThailandDKSH (Thailand) Ltd.phone +66 2 332-7140fax +66 2 730-3195

VietnamViet Hoa Sinh Co., Ltd.phone +84 8 3512-8128fax +84 8 3512-7127

EuropeAustriaEvonik Industries AGphone +49 201 173-2222fax +49 201 173-1939

BelgiumEvonik Industries AGphone +49 201 173-2222fax +49 201 173-1939

BulgariaHSH Chemie EOODphone +359 2808-8283fax +359 2808-8260

Czech RepublicHSH Chemie s.r.o.phone +420 2 612-23555fax +420 2 612-25971

FranceEvonik Industries AGphone +33 800 914-091fax +49 201 173-1939

GermanyEvonik Industries AGphone +49 201 173-2222fax +49 201 173-1939

Great BritainEvonik Industries AGphone 0808 2343051fax +49 201 173-1939

GreeceGoldchem EPEphone +30 210 68-25802fax +30 210 68-34537

HungaryHSH - Chemie Kft.phone +36 1 450-3210fax +36 1 450-3229

ItalyEvonik Industries AGphone 800 871276fax +49 201 173-1939

NetherlandsEvonik Industries AGphone +49 201 173-2222fax +49 201 173-1939

PolandEvonik Degussa Polska Sp.z.o.o.phone +48 42 71536-10fax +48 42 71536-05

PortugalHorquim - Representações, Lda.phone +351 22 967-0496fax +351 22 967-3287

RomaniaHSH Chemie SRLphone +40 21 313-7778fax +40 21 315-7864

RussiaOOO Evonik Chimiaphone +7 495 721-2862 fax +7 495 721-2852

ScandinaviaEvonik Industries AGphone +49 201 173-2222fax +49 201 173-1939

SloveniaParka d.o.o.phone +386 4 502-2813fax +386 4 502-2819

SpainEvonik Industries AGphone 0900 968309fax +49 201 173-1939

SwitzerlandEvonik Industries AGphone +49 201 173-2222fax +49 201 173-1939

TurkeyEvonik Degussa Ticaret Ltd. Sti.phone +90 216 395-9961fax +90 2164 4627-90

For further information about listed and not listed countries please contact the International Sales/Technical Support Hotline or get your information at www.tego.de.

This information and all further technical advice is based on our present knowledge and experience. However, it implies no liability or other legal responsibility on our part, includ-ing with regard to existing third party intellectual property rights, especially patent rights. In particular, no warranty, whether express or implied, or guarantee of product proper-ties in the legal sense is intended or implied. We reserve the right to make any changes according to technological progress or further developments. The customer is not released from the obligation to conduct careful inspection and testing of incoming goods. Performance of the product described herein should be verifi ed by testing, which should be carried out only by qualifi ed experts in the sole responsi-bility of a customer. Reference to trade names used by other companies is neither a recommendation, nor does it imply that similar products could not be used.

Evonik Industries AG Goldschmidtstraße 10045127 EssenGermanyphone +49 201 173-2222fax +49 201 173-1939www.tego.dewww.evonik.com

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