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Brown Fat Joseph Junewick, MD FACR 11/28/2010 History 1 month old former 34 week old with fever and facial swelling. Diagnosis Brown Fat Additional Clinical Other CT images showed inflammatory changes in the right parotid gland. Discussion Brown fat derives its name from its gross appearance; the brown color attributed to its extensive vascularity and proportion of mitochondria. The mitochondria within brown fat are responsible for its characteristic thermogenesis by expressing uncoupling protein-1 which dissipate heat by uncoupling oxidative respiration from the production of adenosine triphosphate and increasing anaerobic glycolysis. Norepinephrine is the primary regulator of brown fat thermogenesis although various growth factors (e.g., fibroblast and insulin-like growth factors) may also contribute. Brown fat typically accumulates within the neck, axillae, back, mediastinum, abdomen, and thigh. In the neonate, it constitutes approximately 5% of body weight. Brown fat also serves as cushioning and protection for vital body parts such as major blood vessels and mediastinal structures. Findings CT-Symmetric intensely enhancing subcutaneous fat. Reference Carter BW and Schucany SG. Brown adipose tissue in a newborn. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) 2008;21(3):328–330. Gupta P, Babyn PS, Shammas A, et al. Brown fat distribution in the chest wall of infants—normal appearance, distribution and evolution on CT scans of the chest. Pediatric Radiology (2011); 41(8): 1020-1027. Contributor Charles R. Luttenton, MD

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Page 1: Brown Fat - Advanced Radiology Teaching · Brown Fat Joseph Junewick, MD FACR 11/28/2010 History 1 month old former 34 week old with fever and facial swelling. Diagnosis Brown Fat

Brown FatJoseph Junewick, MD FACR

11/28/2010

History1 month old former 34 week old with fever and facial swelling.

DiagnosisBrown Fat

Additional ClinicalOther CT images showed inflammatory changes in the right parotid gland.

DiscussionBrown fat derives its name from its gross appearance; the brown color attributed to its extensivevascularity and proportion of mitochondria. The mitochondria within brown fat are responsible for itscharacteristic thermogenesis by expressing uncoupling protein-1 which dissipate heat by uncouplingoxidative respiration from the production of adenosine triphosphate and increasing anaerobicglycolysis. Norepinephrine is the primary regulator of brown fat thermogenesis although variousgrowth factors (e.g., fibroblast and insulin-like growth factors) may also contribute. Brown fat typicallyaccumulates within the neck, axillae, back, mediastinum, abdomen, and thigh. In the neonate, itconstitutes approximately 5% of body weight. Brown fat also serves as cushioning and protection forvital body parts such as major blood vessels and mediastinal structures.

FindingsCT-Symmetric intensely enhancing subcutaneous fat.

ReferenceCarter BW and Schucany SG. Brown adipose tissue in a newborn. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent)2008;21(3):328–330.Gupta P, Babyn PS, Shammas A, et al. Brown fat distribution in the chest wall of infants—normalappearance, distribution and evolution on CT scans of the chest. Pediatric Radiology (2011); 41(8):1020-1027.ContributorCharles R. Luttenton, MD

Page 2: Brown Fat - Advanced Radiology Teaching · Brown Fat Joseph Junewick, MD FACR 11/28/2010 History 1 month old former 34 week old with fever and facial swelling. Diagnosis Brown Fat
Page 3: Brown Fat - Advanced Radiology Teaching · Brown Fat Joseph Junewick, MD FACR 11/28/2010 History 1 month old former 34 week old with fever and facial swelling. Diagnosis Brown Fat
Page 4: Brown Fat - Advanced Radiology Teaching · Brown Fat Joseph Junewick, MD FACR 11/28/2010 History 1 month old former 34 week old with fever and facial swelling. Diagnosis Brown Fat
Page 5: Brown Fat - Advanced Radiology Teaching · Brown Fat Joseph Junewick, MD FACR 11/28/2010 History 1 month old former 34 week old with fever and facial swelling. Diagnosis Brown Fat
Page 6: Brown Fat - Advanced Radiology Teaching · Brown Fat Joseph Junewick, MD FACR 11/28/2010 History 1 month old former 34 week old with fever and facial swelling. Diagnosis Brown Fat

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