BRRRR… IT’S COLD IN HERE

Post-WWII United Nations- formed near end of

WWII as a body of nations to prevent future global wars.

What organization had been formed at the end of WWI to prevent global war?

Where to start? The Nuremburg Trials – held former

Axis leaders accountable for their actionshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FsOpcMFkrFsPrimary document activity – write your

responses on a separate sheet of paper.

The International Military Tribunal for the Far East

Tokyo Trials A tribunal was gathered to try the leaders

of the empire of Japan for their war crimes

The Marshall Plan (don’t write)As the war-torn nations of Europe faced famine and

economic crisis in the wake of World War II, the United States proposed to rebuild the continent in the interest of political stability and a healthy world economy. On June 5, 1947, in a commencement address at Harvard University, Secretary of State George C. Marshall first called for American assistance in restoring the economic infrastructure of Europe. Western Europe responded favorably, and the Truman administration proposed legislation. The resulting Economic Cooperation Act of 1948 restored European agricultural and industrial productivity. Credited with preventing famine and political chaos, the plan later earned General Marshall a Nobel Peace Prize.

Notes on the Marshall Plan United States proposed

to rebuild the continent for political stability/healthy world economy.

Secretary of State George C. Marshall first called for American assistance in restoring the economic stability of Europe.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lUd2W6aMng4

Post War Japan

MacArthur arrived at Atsugi Air Base near Yokohama on Aug. 30, 1945, ready to put his imprint on postwar Japan. (U.S. Army Photo)

•President Harry S. Truman tapped MacArthur to oversee the occupation, rebuilding and democratization of Japan.

Post War Japan Occupied by American

forces Adopted democratic

form of government Resumed self-

government Ally of U.S.

Douglas MacArthur and Emperor Hirohito.

Post War Germany Germany and its capital Berlin were divided

into four parts to be controlled by Great Britain, the United States, France and the Soviet Union.

The three western Allies and the Soviet Union disagreed on many things and as time went on Germany was divided into two separate countries

East (Communist)West (Democratic)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fT0YgjwEQjw

The German Economic Miracle Post War Germany

economy lay in shambles war destroyed 20% of housing Very low food production Large percentage of working age men were

dead

** Germany was in terrible shape, but twenty years later its economy was envied by most of the world. And less than ten years after the war people already were talking about the German economic miracle (don’t write)

How did they do it? The two main factors:1. were currency reform and the elimination of

PRICE CONTROLS - Adolf Hitler had imposed price controls on the German people in 1936 so that his government could buy war materials at artificially low prices.

2. reduction of MARGINAL TAX RATES - tax collectors claim a medium share of a growing economy (a low marginal tax) rather than trying to extract a large share of a stagnant economy (a high average tax).

UN Charter In 1945, representatives of 50 countries

met in San Francisco at the United Nations Conference on International Organization to draw up the United Nations Charter

The Charter was signed on 26 June 1945 by the representatives of the 50 countries

Video!! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1cqw8-ongtY

UNICEF and The World Health Organization

In 1946, the UN established the United Nations International Children's Fund Emergency Fund (UNICEF)

Purpose: to provide relief for the suffering children in war-devastated Europe

In 1948, the UN established The World Health Organization (WHO)

Purpose: concerned with international public health.

World Bank and The International Monetary Fund

World Bank’s purpose: initially helped rebuild Europe after the war.

Its first loan of $250 million was to France in 1947 for post-war reconstruction.

IMF’s Purpose: stabilize exchange rates and assist the reconstruction of the world’s international payment system after WWII