brunswikian lens model a framework for the study of emotional communication

Brunswikian Lens Model

A framework for the study of emotional communication

The Lens Model

• is used in several fields to study how observers correctly and incorrectly use objective cues to perceive physical or social reality

physical or social environment

observer (organism)

cues

• cues have a probabilistic (uncertain) relation to the actual objects• a (same) cue can signal several objects in the environment• cues are (often) redundant

Lens model research

• Developed for the study of visual perception Brunswik (1956)

• Immediately applied to judgment analysis (decision making,

medical diagnosis, weather forecast) Hammond (1955)

• Rapidly oriented towards interpersonal perception• Interpersonal dispositions

(dominant, extraverted, agreeable …) Gifford (1994)• Intelligence Reynolds & Gifford

(2001)• Rapport Bernieri & Gillis (2001) • Emotions (but only in music) Juslin (1998)

• Some authors introduced modified versions of the lensScherer (1978)

Scherer, K. R. (1978). Personality inference from voice quality: The loud voice of extroversion. European Journal of Social Psychology, 8, 467-487.

Trait/stateDistal

indicator cues

Proximal percepts

Attribution

Criterion valueIndicator

valuesPerceptual judgments

Attributional judgments

C

D1

D2

Di

…

P1

P2

Pj

… A

ExternalizationPerceptual

representationInferential utilization

Association coefficients

Representation coefficients

Utilization coefficents

Functional validity

Accuracy coefficient

Phenomenal level

Operational level

Trait/stateDistal

indicator cues

Proximal percepts

Attribution




C

D1

D2

Di

…

P1

P2

Pj

… A






Trait/stateDistal

indicator cues

Proximal percepts

Attribution




C

D1

D2

Di

…

P1

P2

Pj

… A






Trait/stateDistal

indicator cues

Proximal percepts

Attribution




C

D1

D2

Di

…

P1

P2

Pj

… A

Trait/stateDistal

indicator cues

Proximal percepts

Attribution




C

D1

D2

Di

…

P1

P2

Pj

… A

Trait/stateDistal

indicator cues

Proximal percepts

AttributionTrait/stateDistal

indicator cues

Proximal percepts

Attribution







C

D1

D2

Di

…

P1

P2

Pj

… AC

D1

D2

Di

…

P1

P2

Pj

… A






Functional validity

Accuracy coefficient

Phenomenal level

Operational level

Expressed emotion

Emotional attribution

cues

Emotional communication

expressed anger ?

encoder decoder

perception ofanger?

Vocal cues

Facial cues

Gestures

Other cues …

Loud voiceHigh pitched

Frown

Clenched fists

Shaking

Example: Important issues:

- To be measured, cues must be identified a priori

- Inconsistencies on both sides (indiv. diff., broad categories)

- Cue utilization could be differenton the left and the right side (e.g. important cues not used)

Implications for HMI

• If matching is low…

Expressed emotion

Emotional attribution

cues

relation of the cues to the expressed emotion

relation of the cues to the perceived emotion

matching

• Automatic recognition system developers should focus on the relation of the cues to expressed emotion

• ECA developers should focus on the relation of the cues to the perceived emotion

Important for ECAsImportant for Automatic Recog..

(… Mind individual differences)(… Mind broad/abstract categories)

Illustration of results

• A brunswikian Lens analysis of emotional communication…

will be shown on Tanja’s poster

for vocal expressions (acted emotions)

brunswikian lens model a framework for the study of emotional communication

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