bsen 1370 - 2000. examination of surface condition

8/19/2019 BSEN 1370 - 2000. Examination of Surface Condition

1/15

a

Date: 11 June 2010Origin: European

Latest date for receipt of comments: 30 September 2010 Project no.: 2010/00876

Responsible committee: ISE/111 Steel Castings and Forgings

Interested committees:

Title: Draft BS EN 1370 Founding - Examination of surface condition

Supersession information: If this document is published as a standard, the UK implementation of it will supersedeBSEN1370 : 1997 and partially supersede. NONE If you are aware of a current national standard which may beaffected, please notify the secretary (contact details below).

WARNING: THIS IS A DRAFT AND MUST NOT BE REGARDED OR USED AS A BRITISH STANDARD.THIS DRAFT IS NOT CURRENT BEYOND 30 September 2010.

This draft is issued to allow comments from interested parties; all comments will be given consideration prior topublication. No acknowledgement will normally be sent. See overleaf for information on commenting.

No copying is allowed, in any form, without prior written permission from BSI except as permitted under theCopyright, Designs and Patent Act 1988 or for circulation within a nominating organization for briefing purposes.Electronic circulation is limited to dissemination by e-mail within such an organization by committee members.

Further copies of this draft may be purchased from BSI Customer Services, Tel: +44(0) 20 8996 9001 or [email protected]. British, International and foreign standards are also available from BSI Customer Services.

Information on the co-operating organizations represented on the committees referenced above may be obtainedfrom the responsible committee secretary.

Cross-references

The British Standards which implement International or European publications referred to in this draft may be foundvia the British Standards Online Service on the BSI web site http://www.bsigroup.com.

Direct tel: 020 8996 7009Responsible Committee Secretary: Committee ServiceCentre (BSI)

E-mail: [email protected]

Form 36Version 10.1

DPC: 10/30218964 DC

Draft for Public Comment

BSI Group headquarters

389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL

Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 9000Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7400www.bsigroup.com


2/15

b

IntroductionThis draft standard is based on European discussions in which the UK has taken an active part. Your comments onthis draft are welcome and will assist in the preparation of the consequent British Standard. Comment is particularlywelcome on national, legislative or similar deviations that may be necessary.

Even if this draft standard is not approved by the UK, if it receives the necessary support in Europe, the UK will beobliged to publish the official English Language text unchanged as a British Standard and to withdraw any conflictingstandard.

UK VotePlease indicate whether you consider the UK should submit a negative (with reasons) or positive vote on this draft.

SubmissionThe guidance given below is intended to ensure that all comments receive efficient and appropriate attention by theresponsible BSI committee. Annotated drafts are not acceptable and will be rejected.

All comments must be submitted, preferably electronically, to the Responsible Committee Secretary at the addressgiven on the front cover. Comments should be compatible with Version 6.0 or Version 97 of Microsoft® Word forWindows™, if possible; otherwise comments in ASCII text format are acceptable. Any comments not submittedelectronically should still adhere to these format requirements.

All comments submitted should be presented as given in the example below. Further information on submittingcomments and how to obtain a blank electronic version of a comment form are available from the BSI web site at:http://www.bsigroup.com/en/Standards-and-Publications/Current-work/DPCs/

Template for comments and secretariat observations Date: xx/xx/200x Document: ISO/DIS xxxxx

1 2 (3) 4 5 (6) (7)

MB Clause No./Subclause

No./Annex

(e.g. 3.1)

Paragraph/Figure/Table/

Note(e.g. Table 1)

Type ofcom-ment

Comment (justification forchange) by the MB

Proposed change by theMB

Secretariatobservations

on each commentsubmitted

3.1 Definition 1 ed Definition is ambiguous andneeds clarifying.

Amend to read ‘... so that themains connector to which noconnection ...’

6.4 Paragraph 2 te The use of the UV photometeras an alternative cannot besupported as serious problemshave been encountered in itsuse in the UK.

Delete reference to UVphotometer.

Microsoft and MS-DOS are registered trademarks, and Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation.


3/15

EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM

DRAFTprEN 1370

June 2010

ICS 17.040.20; 25.120.30 Will supersede EN 12454:1998, EN 1370:1996

English Version

Founding - Examination of surface condition

Fonderie - Contrôle de l'état de surface Giessereiwesen - Bestimmung der Oberflächenqualität

This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 190.If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations whichstipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other languagemade by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has thesame status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and toprovide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice andshall not be referred to as a European Standard.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COM IT É E UROPÉ E N DE NORM AL ISAT ION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

© 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.

Ref. No. prEN 1370:2010: E


4/15

prEN 1370:2010 (E)

2

Contents Page

Foreword ..............................................................................................................................................................3

Introduction .........................................................................................................................................................4

1 Scope ......................................................................................................................................................5

2

Comparators ...........................................................................................................................................5

3 Requirements .........................................................................................................................................5 3.1

General ....................................................................................................................................................5

3.2 Surface roughness examination ..........................................................................................................5 3.3 Visual examination of surface discontinuities ...................................................................................8

4 Documentation .................................................................................................................................... 11

Annex A (informative) Significant technical changes between this European standard and the previousedition of EN 1370 ................................................................................................................................ 12

Bibliography ..................................................................................................................................................... 13


5/15

prEN 1370:2010 (E)

3

Foreword

This document (prEN 1370:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 “Foundrytechnology”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.

This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.

This document will supersede EN 1370:1996, EN 12454:1998.

Within its programme of work, Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 requested CEN/TC 190/WG 11 "Surfaceinspection" to revise the following standards:

EN 1370:1996, Founding — Surface roughness inspection by visual tactile comparators, and

EN 12454:1998, Founding — Visual examination of surface imperfections — Steel sand castings.

Annex A provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previousedition.


6/15

prEN 1370:2010 (E)

4

Introduction

The surface roughness of a casting is influenced by the manufacturing process (moulding, grinding, finishing,etc.), the moulding materials used (sand, coating, etc.), the equipment available and the alloy cast.

Since cast surfaces do not exhibit the same cyclic character as machined surfaces it is difficult to evaluatetheir roughness using conventional mechanical, optical, or pneumatic devices.

The use of visual tactile comparators is therefore preferred in these circumstances.

Moreover, in order to take into account the irregularities on as-cast surfaces, ground surfaces or other means

of finishing of castings, comparators should have relatively large dimensions1) in order to make them morereliable and their results repeatable and consistent.

Two sets of comparators are in widespread use:

"BNIF 359 Recommandation technique du Bureau de Normalisation des Industries de la Fonderie.Caractérisation d'états de surface des pièces moulées - Utilisation des échantillons types

de 110 × 160 mm", available from Editions Techniques des Industries de la Fonderie, 44 avenue de laDivision Leclerc, 92310 Sèvres, France [1];

"SCRATA comparators for the definition of surface quality of steel and iron castings", ASTM A802 ShorterSet, available from Steel Castings Technology International, Advanced Manufacturing Park, Brunel Way,Rotherham, S60 5WG, South Yorkshire, United Kingdom [2].

The SCRATA comparators can also be used for the classification of surface discontinuities on steel castings.For castings of other materials, this European Standard specifies 8 levels of surface discontinuities based onmaximum dimensions to be detected by visual examination.

There are other means available for measuring surface roughness.

1) 100 mm × 150 mm for SCRATA comparators;110 mm × 160 mm for BNIF comparators.


7/15

prEN 1370:2010 (E)

5

1 Scope

This European Standard describes methods for the evaluation of the surface condition (roughness andsurface discontinuities) of castings.

These methods are applicable to all casting processes and all cast metals except die casting.

2 Comparators

The comparators are essentially positive replicas of actual casting surfaces: as-cast or after further fettlingtreatment e.g. shot blasted, ground.

Full size photographs of the comparators are available to assist in making a rapid evaluation of the overallroughness of the comparators. These can give preliminary information for the appropriate selection of amoulding or finishing process.

It is emphasized however that the comparators, and not the photographs, shall be used to form the basis of anagreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.

An overview and a comparison of the different categories and levels of the two sets of comparators are givenin Tables 1, 2 and 4.

3 Requirements

3.1 General

When assessment of surface conditions required, the following shall be agreed by the time of ordering:

the areas of the castings which are to be assessed, shall be clearly indicated on the drawing;

number of castings to be examined; the category and severity level required. More than one severity levelmay be specified for different surfaces of the same casting. This shall be clearly indicated on the drawing;

the manufacturing stage at which surfaces are to be assessed;

if any types of discontinuities are unacceptable.

3.2 Surface roughness examination

3.2.1 General

The methods detailed in this standard shall only apply to the surfaces of castings and the percentage ornumber of castings to be checked.

These conditions shall be subject of an agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the timeof ordering.

This information enables the manufacturer to assess the additional inspections and operations involved.


8/15

prEN 1370:2010 (E)

6

Table 1 — BNIF and SCRATA surface roughness and dressing comparators [1] [2]

R o u g h n e s s

R a ( µ µµ µ m )

( F o r g u i d a n c e

) Moulding Mechanical dressing Thermal dressing

BNIF SCRATA Corres-pondingprocess



Smoothest 0,8 4/0S1 2/0S2 Very finegrinding

1,6 3/0S1 - Invest-ment

1/0S2 Finegrinding

3,2 2/0S1 - 1S2 MediumgrindingShell

resins

6,3 1/0S1 - 2S2 Medium-coarsegrinding1S1 A1 3S2

Greensandand coldsettingsmall-mediumcastings

12,5 2S1 A2 4S2 Coarsegrinding

3S1 A3 5S2 H1 G1 Finethermalcutting

Greensandand cold

settingmedium-largecastings

4S1 - H3 Very

coarsegrinding

1S3 G2

25 5S1 - H4

Mouldingfor largecastings

2S36S1 A4 H5 G3 Coarse

thermalcutting

7S1 - 3S3

G5Roughest 50 8S1 - 4S3


9/15

prEN 1370:2010 (E)

7

Table 2 — SCRATA surface comparators for the definition of surface texture of precision steelcastings [3] [4]

Moulding process Roughness Smoothest Roughest

Resin shell process V1, V2, V3

Lost polystyrene process W1, W2, W3

Shaw process X1, X2, X3

Lost-wax process Y1, Y2

Fettled/grinded surfaces Z1, Z2, Z3

.

3.2.2 Surface roughness examination by visual tactile comparators

To evaluate casting roughness, the areas indicated on the drawing shall be compared without optical aids, butwith the appropriate visual tactile comparators of the category and level involved.

Comparison between the appropriate comparator and the casting surface shall be made with the comparatorsheld next to the casting under good conditions of lighting, minimum 500 lx.

NOTE When the surface to be checked is significantly smaller than the surface of a comparator, an agreement on the

method to be used should be made between the manufacturer and the purchaser.

The outcome of the comparison is satisfactory if, in the area under consideration, the roughness correspondsto that of the comparator or, if it is generally smoother.

3.2.3 Surface roughness examination by contact (stylus) instruments or non contact (optical)instruments

If one of these methods is to be used, it shall be subject of an agreement between the manufacturer and thepurchaser by the time of ordering.

The following shall be agreed:

method to be used;

area(s) to be examined;

scanning dimensions;

surface profile parameters to be measured;

required values (minimum, maximum) for these parameters.


10/15

prEN 1370:2010 (E)

8

3.3 Visual examination of surface discontinuities

3.3.1 General

The area to be considered shall be examined without optical aids and it is essential to use sufficient lighting,

minimum 500 lx.

Surface discontinuities can be facing outwards or inwards. Discontinuities can be eliminated either by grindingdown to minimum wall thickness as stated in the drawing, or after approval by the customer, by finishingwelding.

The surface to be inspected shall be clean, free from rust, sand, scale, moulding and mould coating residues,oil, grease or any other contaminant that can interfere with a correct examination.

3.3.2 Classification of surface discontinuities by dimensions

In Table 3 severity levels for surface discontinuities by dimensions are specified. It can be used for as-cast,

shot blasted, grinded or machined surfaces.

The size of the discontinuities is characterized by the dimensions H and L (see Figure 1):

L = largest length;

H = largest depth or height measured perpendicular to the surface.

Figure 1 — Size of discontinuities L and H

Borders and edges, not resulting from parting lines, having the shape of “steps” in cast surfaces should beconsidered as discontinuities, see Figure 2.

Figure 2 — Step irregularities


11/15

prEN 1370:2010 (E)

9

Table 3 — Severity levels for surface discontinuities (dimensions)

SeverityLevel

Size of discontinuities Weight and/or thickness

of castingRange of height or depth H

(mm)

Largest length L (mm) within

the H range

VD1


12/15

prEN 1370:2010 (E)

10

Table 4 — Severity levels for surface discontinuities for steel and iron castings (Scrata visualcomparators)

Discontinuities

Severity Level VC

VC1 VC2 VC3 VC4

Surface comparator

Inclusions B1 B2 B4 B5

Gas porosities C2 C1 C3 C4

Laps and cold shuts D1 D2 D5 –

Scabs – – E3 E5

Inserts F1 – F3 –

Welds J1 J2 J3 J5

NOTE VC stands for Visual examination of discontinuities by Comparators.

The severity level of discontinuities that are to be detected depends on the roughness of the surface on whichthey appear.

Table 5 gives the comparator level that can normally be detected according to the surface roughness asdefined in 3.2.2.

Table 5 — Relationship between surface roughness and detectable surface discontinuities for steeland iron castings

Comparator Minimum surface roughness a

BNIF 2S1 3S1 6S1

SCRATA A2 A3 A4

Category Comparator

Surface inclusions B1 to B5 B5 B5

Gas porosities C1 to C4 C3 to C4 C4

Fusion discontinuities D1 to D5 D2 to D5 D2 to D5

Expansion discontinuities E3 to E5 E3 to E5 E3 to E5

Inserts F1 to F3 F1 to F3 F1 to F3

Welds J1 to J5 J2 to J5 J2 to J5a The surface roughness influences the minimum discontinuity severity level which can be examined. For example, it is

unlikely that severity level 1 surface inclusions can be detected on an A3 surface condition.


13/15

prEN 1370:2010 (E)

11

4 Documentation

The manufacturer shall, if requested by the purchaser at the time of ordering, keep a record of theexamination and provide a report.

The records of the manufacturer shall contain the following:

the identification of the casting;

the name and qualification of the person undertaking the examination;

the reference of the comparator or instrument used;

the designated category and specified level for each area examined;

the results of the examination.


14/15

prEN 1370:2010 (E)

12

Annex A (informative)

Significant technical changes between this European standard and theprevious edition of EN 1370

This European Standard includes the following significant technical changes compared to the previous edition:

Clause/Paragraph/Table/Figure Change

General This standard supersedes EN 1370:1996 and EN 12454:1998

1Revised standard also describes a method for the evaluation of surfacediscontinuities.

3.2.3 Surface roughness examination by contact (stylus) instruments or non-contact(optical) instruments added.

3.3 Examination of surface discontinuities added.

3.3.2 Classification of surface discontinuities by dimensions added.

3.3.3Classification of surface discontinuities for steel and iron castings by visual tactilecomparators added.

Figures replaced by tables


15/15

prEN 1370:2010 (E)

13

Bibliography

In the preparation of this European Standard, use was made of a number of documents for reference purposes.These informative references are cited at the appropriate place in the text and the publications are listedhereafter.

[1] "BNIF 359 - Recommandation technique du Bureau de Normalisation des Industries de la Fonderie.Caractérisation d'états de surface des pièces moulées - Utilisation des échantillons types

de 110 × 160 mm"2), available from Editions Techniques des Industries de la Fonderie, 44 avenue dela Division Leclerc, 92310 Sèvres, France

[2] "SCRATA surface comparators for the definition of surface quality of steel and iron castings", ASTM A802 shorter set, available from Castings Technology International, Advanced Manufacturing Park,Brunel Way, Rotherham, S60 5WG, South Yorkshire, United Kingdom

[3] “SCRATA surface comparators for the definition of surface texture of precision steel castings”,precision set, available from Castings Technology International, Advanced Manufacturing Park, BrunelWay, Rotherham, S60 5WG, South Yorkshire, United Kingdom

[4] BS 7900:1998, Specification for examination of the surface texture of precision steel castings.

2) "BNIF 359 Technical Recommendation issued by Bureau de Normalisation des Industries de la Fonderie- Characterization of surface condition of castings - Use of 110 x 160 mm standard specimens".

bsen 1370 - 2000. examination of surface condition

Documents