bt l ew lesson 8—“we’re only human” part four enter

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Lesson 8—“We’re Only Human”

Part FourPart Four

ENTER

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I. Word Study

II. Phrases and Expressions

III.Word Building

Language Language StudyStudy

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I.I. Word StudyWord StudyWord list:

1. absorbing

2. balance

3. end

4. fateful

5. forge

6. forgo

7. formula

15. root

16. sustain

8. hold

9. motivate

10. overwhelming

11. peer

12. quality

13. reciprocal

14. restore

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study1. absorbing adj. enjoyable; interesting

Examples:

Did you think/agree this is an absorbing

documentary about China?

These topics may be of absorbing interest to

almost anyone.

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study2. balance n. a. a condition of being steady b. state in which opposite forces or influence are given equal importanceExamples:

A small child has to learn to keep its balance before it can walk far.

We need to strike a balance between the needs of the community and the rights of the individual.

I lost my balance and fell on my foe.

To be continued on the next page.

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I.I. Word StudyWord StudyCollocations of “balance”

off balance 失去平衡 hang in balance 悬而未决的 balance sth. against 斟酌 balance the budget 使收支平衡 balance of power （政治，军事）力量均势 balance trade 贸易差额 balanced diet 均衡的饮食

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study3. end n. a. a last part of sth. b. aim v. to finish

Examples:

I found the end of the movie very disappointing.

She was at the end of her patience.

Joe wants to buy a car and is saving money for that end.

Both sides are not sure when the peace talk will end.


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I.I. Word StudyWord Study Collocations of “end”

come to a bad end make ends meet in the end the end of the world at one’s wits end put an end to The end justifies the means.

遭到恶报

量入为出最终

世界末日

智穷计尽结束，停止

只要目的正当，可以不择手段。

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study4. fateful

adj. having an important, esp. bad effect on future events Examples:

December 26th, 2004 was a fateful day for people

living in South Asia. A Tsunami claimed hundreds

of thousands of lives and millions more were

displaced.

It is a fateful decision to rewrite the history of

the nation.

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study

v. a. to shape by hitting and hammering b. to illegally copy sth.Examples:

Their genuine friendship was forged by shared adversity.

Someone stole my credit card and forged my signature.

It involves all sides to forge a new peace plan for this area.

5. forge

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study6. forgo

v. to give up

Examples:The monks have to forgo earthly pleasure. They have forgone the winter vacation to

finish the project.

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n. a. a list of substances used to make medicine b. a method or a set of principles to solve a problem Examples:

They have worked out an acceptable peace formula.

The Coca-Cola company revised their formula to make their soft drinks taste better.

7. formula

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study8. hold v. a. to have sth. firmly in one’s hand or arms b. to control c. to support

Examples:The couple sat, holding hands under a tree.The police held back the angry crowd. The audience held their breath as the acrobat crossed the tight rope.The bridge didn’t look as though it would hold.


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I.I. Word StudyWord Study Collocations:

hold a party 聚会

hold one’s tongue 住嘴

hold sb. prisoner/ hostage 将 ······ 囚禁 / 作为人质

hold extreme political views 持极端的政治观点

hold sth. dear 珍视某物

hold sb. for ransom 绑架

hold a pupil back 使学生留级

hold back one’s tears 忍住眼泪不让流下来

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study9. motivate

v. a. to provide reason why sb. does sth. (passive) b. to act as an incentive

Examples:

The profit-sharing plan is designed to motivate

the staff to work hard.

No one really knows what motivated him to do

so.

It is believed that the assassination happening

during the election was motivated by political

ends.

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study10. overwhelming

adj. very great; too great to resist

Examples:

The candidate became elected by an

overwhelming majority of votes.

The temptation was overwhelming.

Winning the gold medal was an overwhelming

happiness for him.

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study11. peer

n. equal in rank, merit or quality

Examples: Children compete to win the approval of

their peers. As an orator, he had few peers. Teenagers often start smoking because

of peer pressure.

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study12. quality

adj. used only before noun to mean very goodExamples:

We offer a great variety of quality services to

our guests.

Everyone in our village has the right to

quality education.

Working parents are calling for quality child

care.

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study13. reciprocal

adj. mutual

Examples:

Kindness is generally reciprocal.

Such treaties provide reciprocal rights and obligations.

The two countries agreed to extend reciprocal privileges to each other’s citizens.

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v. to bring back (to a former condition)

Examples:

The relations between the two countries were restored to normal.

The old oil painting was handsomely restored.

Their government should take new measures to restore the confidence in foreign investors.

14. restore

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study15. root v. to grow out n. a. a part of a plant that grows under the ground b. (fig.) that from which sth. grows; basis

Examples: Money is the root of all evils. His opinion is rooted in experience.


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Examples: At the root of the controversy is the question

of financial assistance.

Racism cannot be rooted out without strong government action.

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study16. sustain

v. a. to maintain b. to give strength c. to suffer

Examples:The teachers tried hard to sustain the children’s interest in class.

The foundations were not strong enough to sustain the weight of the house.


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Examples:The retired president is too weak to sustain a long interview.

Our team sustained a defeat last year, however, we will stage a comeback this year.

The end of Word Study.

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List:

1. carry on

2. grapple with

3. impose upon

4. out of

5. take off

6. take in

II.II. Phrases and Phrases and ExpressionsExpressions

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1. carry on v. a. to continue sth. that has been started by sb. else. b. to do sth. for a period of timeExamples:

He is relying on his son to carry on the family business.When she left, I carried on her research.They carried on an interesting conversation, without looking at each other.


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v. a. to fight or struggle with someone b. to try hard to solve a problemExamples:

The pilots were grappling with hijackers before it crashed into the building.

The government is grappling with the issue of traffic congestion.

He grappled with the problem for an hour before he solved it.

2. grapple with


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3. impose upon

v. to place a tax, duty on

Examples:

The government imposed a ban upon the

sales of ivory.

Now taxes are imposed on wines and spirits.

Parents should not impose their own moral

values on their children.


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4. out of

Examples:

In nine cases out of ten, they will attend the

opening ceremony.

We are out of sugar.

Chinese people make many things out of

bamboo.

He accepted the job out of interest.

The camp site is a bit out of the way but the

views are significant.

(very likely)

(lack, go short of)

(say about the substance a thing is)

(because of)

(remote)


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5. take off

v. a. to do sth. esp. to a piece of clothing b. to rise into the air at the beginning of a flight c. to suddenly start being successful

Examples:I forgot to take off my makeup last night.I hear their business is really taking off.The mechanics are making a thorough check before the plane takes off.


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6. take in

Examples:The couple were hospitable and they took the travelers in for the night. Consumers are sometimes taken in by advertisements. They listened to the lecture, but how much did they take in, I wonder?The dress needs to be taken in a little.

(let them stay)

(get deceived)

(understand)

(reduce the size)


The end of Phrases and Expressions.

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III.III. Word BuildingWord Building

List:

1. Root –ject

2. Root -duc, -duct

3. Root -lev

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projectproject

prefix

root

ject: throw

inject

reject

eject

subject

deject

projectile

注射

拒绝

喷出

服从

使 ·····

· 沮丧

抛射物

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duc, duct: lead

educate

conduct

conductor

misconduct

abduct

viaduct

教育引导指挥处理不当劫持，诱拐高架桥（ via- 道路 )

seductionseduction

root


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lev: raise

elevator

elevation

lever

relieve

relief

levitate

电梯提升，高度杠杆减轻，解除 ( 病痛等）减轻飘浮在空中

elevateelevate

root


The end of Word Building.

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bt l ew lesson 8—“we’re only human” part four enter

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