btlew lesson 2 – going home part four enter btlew lesson 2 – going home i. i. word studyword...

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Lesson 2 – Going Home

Part FourPart Four

ENTER

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I. Word Study

II. Phrases and Expressions

III.Word Building

IV. Grammar

Language Language StudyStudy

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I.I. Word StudyWord StudyWord list:

1. vanish

2. stain

3. stand

4. something

5. approach

6. scream

7. triumph

8. exaltation

9. stun

10. misty

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study1. vanish

v. to disappear suddenly, esp. in a way that cannot easily be explained

Examples:

I turned around again, the boy had vanished.

It is a bad idea to let Tom Cruise vanish for

almost an hour in the middle of his picture.

Many species in South America have

vanished completely.

To be continued on the next page.

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study

vanish from sight

vanish into the void

vanish into thin air

vanish without

trace/vanish off the

face of the earth

消失不见化为乌有从人间蒸发掉消失得无影无踪

Translation

Cf: varnishtarnishfurnish


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I.I. Word StudyWord StudyCf. varnish, tarnish, furnishvarnish: to cover with 给 ······ 涂清漆

He varnished the wooden table. After he fixed the shelf, he varnished

the whole to a high shine.tarnish: (esp. of metal surfaces) to lose; cause the loss of brightness （尤指金属表面）使失去光泽

The damp atmosphere has tarnished the gilt.

His reputation is tarnished.


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furnish: to supply or provide; put furniture in

The records furnished the

information required.

The president’s office is

tastefully furnished with modern

furniture.

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study2. stain

v. a. to accidentally make a mark on sth. esp. one that cannot be removed

b. to change the color of sth., especially sth. made of wood, by using a special liquid (Syn. dye)Examples:

This tablecloth stains very easily.

Her fingers were stained yellow from years of smoking.

Stain the table before you varnish it.

Collocations


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stain sb.’s name/reputation/honor

stain with

leave a stain

blood/ink/wine stain

a stain on sb.’s character/reputation

remove/get rid of a stain

stubborn stains

Examples


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A sudden gust of rain dashed against the red bricks that were already stained in patches by water.

Her fingers were stained with dirt, her nail varnish chipped.

How do you get wine stains out of a tablecloth?

There was a dark red stain on the carpet.

Water is a miraculous substance remover; it will remove probably 85 percent of all stains.

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study3. stand

v. a. to bear, tolerate b. to be or stay in a particular state or condition c. to be proved to be true, correct, useful, etc. when tested

Classify the

following words into 3 groups according to a, b and c.

can't stand the heat (room)stand idle

stand wear and tear (door)stand open

stand up under close scrutiny

stand up well to cross-checking

a

a b

c

Collocations

b

c


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can't stand (sb./sth.) doing sth.

can't stand to do sth.

can't stand the sight/thought, etc. of

Examples


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I can't stand people smoking around me when I'm eating.

She can't stand to hear her parents arguing about her personal affairs.

I know he can't stand the sight of me.

She couldn't stand the thought of losing her children.


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I.I. Word StudyWord Studya music stand

a fruit stand

a stand for taxi

make one’s stand clear

come to a stand

international stand

standing committee/army

standing joke ／ jest

take/make/mount a stand against sth.

乐谱架水果摊出租汽车停车处表明立场陷于停顿国际地位常务委员会／常备军老笑话反抗，抵抗

Translation

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4. something

n. a thing or a person of some value or

importance

Examples:

He considers himself to be something, but

actually he is nothing.

She thinks she’s something since she won

the beauty contest.

Collocations


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make something of yourself

be (really/quite) something

there's something in/to something

Examples(= to become successful )

(= spoken used to say that something is very good and impressive)

(= used to admit that someone's words are true or their ideas are successful, etc.)


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He looked like a man who might be able to

make something of himself if a good woman

took him in hand.

Running your own company at 21 is really

something.

They had to concede that there was

something in his teaching methods.

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v. to move towards or nearer to someone or something

Examples:

I heard footsteps approaching.

Everyone prepared celebrations as the year

2000 approached.

As I approached the forest, a hare ran out of

the trees.

5. approach Word formations

approachable (a.)

approachless

approachability (n.)


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I.I. Word StudyWord StudyHe is hard to approach.

His best approach to the great man lay through a mutual friend.

Researchers are looking for new ways to approach the problem.

他很难接近。

对他说来，要接近那位伟人，最好的办法是通过一个双方都认识的朋友。

研究人员正在寻找新的处理这个问题的方法。

Translation

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study6. scream

v. a. to give a loud, sharp cry or cries as of fear or pain b. to cry sth. in a loud shrill voice

Examples:As a child, I used to wake up screaming with terror in the middle of the night.Adam screamed, loud and violent, in his attempt to absorb the pain.She screamed out that there was a burglar under the bed.

Collocations

let out a scream

a scream of laughter/terror

Synonyms

shriek

yell

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triumphant(a.)

Word formation



n. a. [C] an important victory or success after a difficult struggle b. [U] a feeling of pleasure and satisfaction that you get from victory or success Examples:

Winning the scholarship is a great personal triumph.

The Government Commission was established here in triumph, and sank here into obscurity.

A fine sweat was beading his forehead but there was a grin of triumph on his face.

7. triumph

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study8. exaltation

n. a very strong feeling of happiness

Examples:

My depression had lifted and my mood had

changed to exaltation.

Teammates who were strangers before the

party are instantly bonded, and victory is

celebrated with fists-in-the-air exaltation.

Word formations

exalt (v.)

exalted (a.)

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9. stun

v. to surprise or upset someone so much that they do not react immediately

Examples: His words stunned her, and she stared at him in

disbelief. Sara was too stunned by what had happened to

say a word. Suminski in love: the idea stuns her.

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study10. misty

a. a. (eyes) full of tears, esp. because you are remembering a time in the past

b. not clear or bright c. (weather) with a lot of mist

Examples:

Toward evening, the weather turned and, as

they approached the dock, the sky was gray

and misty.

He paused, his eyes growing misty.

Without my glasses everything is just a

misty blur.

Synonyms

foggy

hazy

The end of Word Study.

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List:

1. dream of

2. pass through

3. pull into

4. wonder about

5. engage sb. in

6. retreat into

7. forget about

8. come through

9. be caught up in

10. fortify oneself against

11. make one’s way to

II.II. Phrases and Phrases and ExpressionsExpressions

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to imagine and think about sth. that you would like to happen

Examples:The girl dreamed of becoming a movie star.Some thought it was the breakthrough scientists had dreamed of.He's got the sort of money that you and I can only dream about.

1. dream of/about


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to go through a town, etc., perhaps stopping there for a short time, but not staying

Examples:As they passed through the flooded areas, they felt bad. We passed through the gates into a courtyard behind.We were just passing through (= travelling through a place) and thought we'd drop in to see you.

2. pass through


Cf: pass (a place)


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II. Phrases and II. Phrases and ExpressionsExpressions

pass (a place)

to go past a place without entering

Examples: On her way to work she passed a

supermarket. We passed a group of students outside the

theatre. I pass the sports centre on the way to work.

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(of a vehicle) to arrive at (a station); move in towards

Examples:

They will pull into the station at 7 sharp.

The train pulled into the station on the stroke of 12.

Let’s pull into the parking lot and have a rest.

3. pull into


Opposite

pull out


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pull out

if a train pulls out, it leaves a station

Examples:

The three-thirty is pulling out of platform four.

We got there just as the train was pulling out.

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4. wonder about/at to feel curious about; be doubtful about

Examples: John says he didn’t do it, but I am still

wondering about that. Sometimes I wonder about his behaviour. He wondered at her ability never to reveal

the slightest disquiet in front of her husband.

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to make sb. take part in sth.

Examples: She tried to engage her roommate in a philosophical

discussion. They spoke little about life outside the organization d

espite my efforts to engage them in conversation about it.

They engaged him in a new project.

5. engage sb. in


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to yield; move back to

Examples:

The soldiers were ordered to retreat to safer

positions.

At last we forced the enemy to retreat into

the mountains from the town.

More and more she retreated into books.

6. retreat into/to


Collocations


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Cf.

retreat into oneself

retreat into one’s shell

retreat into fantasy


不与人交往，离群索居

变得缄默，不愿与人接触

退避到梦幻世界

Translation

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a. to lose remembrance of; fail to keep in memory; fail to recall

b. to stop thinking or worrying about someone or something

c. not to care about or give attention to someone or something any longer

Examples:She forgot all about their anniversary.Once they have money, some people forget about all their old friends.I'd completely forgotten about our bet until Bill reminded me.

7. forget about


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to arrive as expected

Examples:

Has the train come through?

We're still waiting for our exam results to come through.

There is news just coming through of an explosion in a chemical factory.

8. come through


“come” phrases


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Cf.

come about

come across

come down with

come off

come out

come through

come up with

come up to

Cf.

发生，产生

偶然遇见，碰上

得，染上（病）

发生，举行；结果；成功

（书等）出版，发行

胜利，成功；经历 ······ 仍活着

提出，想出

等于，比得上，达到（标准等）

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to be completely absorbed in or get involved in Examples:

I was caught up in conversation with a friend when someone knocked at the door.

I am painfully aware of how we get caught up in our times and become contaminated by our own hypocrisy.

I didn't want to get caught up in endless petty arguments.

9. be/get caught up in


“catch” phrases


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Cf.

catch at

catch on

catch up

catch out

catch up with

catch up on

Cf.

拼命抓住

懂得，理解；流行起来

把 ······ 缠住，把 ······ 卷入

发觉（某人）有错误（或做坏事）

赶上，追上

赶完，弥补（耽误的工作等）；

（事后）得到关于 ······ 的消息

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10. fortify oneself against

to strengthen (sth. or oneself) so as

to be able to deal with (i.e. an attack)

Examples:

Have some hot ginger soup to fortify yourself against cold.

He fortified himself against the cold with a heavy coat.

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11. make one’s way to

to go forward with difficulty

Examples: They made their way through the crowd. I made my way to the center of the town. The two women made their way into the woods.

“way” phrases


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1) give way

2) go out of one’s way

3) have a way with

4) learn sth. the hard way

5) the other way about/round

6) by way of

1) 让路，让位，让步

2)特地，不怕麻烦地

3) 善于处理，有能力对付

4) 经过艰难困苦后学会 ······

5) 相反地，倒过来

6) 经由，取道

Translation

Thinking ….

The end of Phrases and Expressions.

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III.III. Word BuildingWord BuildingList:

1. Prefix – ex

2. Root – alt

3. Suffix – en

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III. Word III. Word BuildingBuilding

Prefix----ex-

a. former

b. out of

c. to make… to do…

ex-con ex-wife/husband

exalt export

expel excavate

expurgate ex-mayor/president

extract

a a

a

c

b

c

b

b

b

Classify the following words into 3 groups according to a, b and c.

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III.III. Word BuildingWord Building

exalt exalt

prefix

root ex-to make…, to do…alt-high

altitude

alto

exalt

exaltation

altar

altimeter

altimetry

altocumulus

altostratus

高，高度（音乐）男生最高音提高，举高，提升升高，提高，晋升［一块高地］祭坛测高计，高度表测高法高积云高层云

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(adj.+-en= v. ) to make, cause to be (n.+-en= adj. ) made of (n.+-en=v.) to fill with

Examples:

to tighten (= make or cause to be tight)

to sharpen (= make or cause to be sharp)

golden (= made of gold)

woolen (= made of wool)

to strengthen (= fill with strength)

Suffix-- -en

III.III. Word BuildingWord Building

The end of Word Building.

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IV.IV. GrammarGrammarI. Observe the following sentences, studying the preposition “in” in each sentence.

Vingo nodded in sleep. He sat in complete silence. … all of the young people were up out of their seat, … shaking clenched fists in triumph and exaltation.

… but then some boys began to glance at me in curiosity. (Lesson 1)

Good God! I was in a daze. (Lesson 1)

The preposition “in” is often used to show a state or condition.


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He sat in front of the young people, his dusty face masking his age…

a present participle clause with its subject

II. What is the grammatical structure here?II. What is the grammatical structure here?

IV.IV. GrammarGrammar


absolute construction

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IV. GrammarIV. GrammarWhatWhat is is absolute absolute construction?construction?

More examples

It is essentially a non-finite or veIt is essentially a non-finite or verbless clause with an expressed srbless clause with an expressed subject of its own. It is commonly ubject of its own. It is commonly used in written English.used in written English.


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Weather permitting, the cricket match will take

place on Wednesday.

IV.IV. GrammarGrammar

The end of Grammar.

Her shirt caught on a nail, she could not move.Her shirt caught on a nail, she could not move.

n.+ed participle

A number of official followed the emperor, A number of official followed the emperor, some to hold his robe, others to adjust his some to hold his robe, others to adjust his girdle.girdle.

n. +ing participle

pron.+infinitives

Types of absolution

construction with a form of verb element

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