Budding The Propagation

A Lecture To Farmers By

Mr.Allah Dad Khan Former DG Agriculture Extension KPK Pakistan

STOCK - A root, trunk or limb on which the scion or bud is to be grafted. SCION - A section of scion wood that has two or three leaf buds to be grafted onto a stock.

SCION WOOD - Mature dormant shoots of the previous season’s growth.

CAMBIUM - The growing tissue of the tree located between the wood and the bark.

BUDDING -The process of inserting a single bud into the stock.

BUD STICK - Current season’s or previous season’s’ growth from which single buds are taken for budding

Allows for propagation of cultivars that can’t be propagated by other means

- Uses appropriate understock to control height, vigor or disease resistance

- Allows for the production of special growth habits or forms

- Can repair damaged parts of trees

Requires specialist skills, experience and equipment

- Expensive

- Diseases are readily transmitted

- Under stock can produce suckers that reduce vigor of plant

i) Selection of Bud Wood or Bud Stock: Fairly well matured, round bud stick of pencil thickness

and of pest season’s growth, brownish color, having dormant plumy buds is selected from the desired tree. It must in sap following condition. The leaves are removed from the bud to avoid injurities to the axillary buds.

ii) Selection of Stock Plant: Vigorous growing root stock seedling with pencil thickness

having height of about 1 ½ to 2 feet is selected. The seedling should be in free sap flowing condition.

iii) Removal of Bark from the Stalk Plant: on selected seedling ( root stock ) at the height of about (

1 ½ inches to 2 inches from ground level ) vertical cut followed by a horizontal cut across the top at right angle is made carefully with budding knife. The cuts may be depending upon the wood.

iv) Removal of Bud: From the selected bud stick a plumpy bud is taken out carefully with

wood by taking a v ½ inch below the bud . The wood is then removed from the bud along with portion of bark is given a shape like shield.

V) Inserting the Bud: The flaps of bark on either sides of the cut on the stock plant are

loosened with very portion of budding knife. And kept ready to receive bud. The bud is then inserted from the top of the cut and pushed downward beneath the bark, and is held in position.

vi) Bandaging : To bring about a firm cambial contact, the operated portion is tied with

banana spot or polythene strip keeping the growing point of bud exposed.

Under the normal condition union taken in about 5 weeks. After the successful union, the bud sprouts or new shoots comes out and bud grows vigorously. The portion of stalk above the union is then cut off step by step and bandage is removed. When the new shoots develop at its vigorous and the bud graft is hardened in the nursery for 6 to 8 months, it becomes ready for permanent plantation

Ring, Or Annular, Budding

This is a modification of flute budding, the difference being that the portion of bark removed extends entirely around the stock, forming a ring; hence the name