building a second harmonic radio frequency cavity for the booster maggie lankford sist intern 2015...
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![Page 1: Building a Second Harmonic Radio Frequency Cavity for the Booster Maggie Lankford SIST Intern 2015 The College of Wooster 4 August 2015](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081516/56649f275503460f94c3ea7d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Building a Second Harmonic Radio Frequency Cavity for the Booster
Maggie Lankford
SIST Intern 2015
The College of Wooster
4 August 2015
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Outline
1. Radio Frequency Cavity Basics
2. Cavity Tuning
3. Calculating Permeability
4. Comparison Between Real and Model Cavity
5. Power Amplifier Basics
6. Building a Temperature Probe
8/04/2015Maggie Lankford |
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Radio Frequency (RF) Basics
8/04/2015Maggie Lankford |
Short
Beamline
Outer Conductor
Inner Conductor
Accelerating Gap
B-Field E-Field
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Tuning the Cavity
• What do we do when the beam speeds up??
• Changing μ changes the resonant frequency of the cavity!
8/04/2015Maggie Lankford |
v: speed of light in medium
c: speed of light in vacuum
µ: permeability
ϵ: permittivity
λ: wavelength
ω: angular frequency
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Tuning the Cavity (cont.)
8/04/2015Maggie Lankford |
Outer Conductor
Inner Conductor
Ferrite Rings
Solenoid
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Why Second Harmonic Cavity?
8/04/2015Maggie Lankford |
Use wave physics to create a more square wave for injection
A rectangular bucket has larger area and reduces space charge effects
Phase-Space plots from C. Y. Tan
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Real and Model Cavity Cross-Section
8/04/2015Maggie Lankford |7
Cavity Designs Courtesy of Gennady Romanov and Kevin Dule
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Ferrite Permeability Study
8/04/2015Maggie Lankford |
Ferrite-Filled Cavity
Plug• Measured: Q-value, Resonant
Frequency
𝜇 ′=1𝜀⌈ 𝑐
4 𝑙 𝒇⌉
2
𝜇=𝜇 ′+ 𝑖𝜇 ′ ′Tuning
parameterLossy
component
𝜇 ′ ′=( 1𝑸−1×10−4)𝜇′−𝐹 ( 𝒇 ,𝐷𝑖𝑚 .)
Function of frequency and cavity dimensions
Solenoid
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Calculating permeability
8/04/2015Maggie Lankford |
Real mu’’ experiment and calculations by Yuri Terechkine and Gennady Romanov
106 MHz
76 MHz
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Poisson Superfish Models
• Investigating– Change in dimensions– Fundamental frequency– Change in µ– Difference between Real and Model
8/04/2015Maggie Lankford |
Real Cavity 438.89 MHz 5/4 λ Resonance
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Difference between Real and Model cavity
8/04/2015Maggie Lankford |
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Power Amplifier Basics
8/04/2015Maggie Lankford |
Center Conductor
Blocking Capacitor Assembly
Shroud & Corona Ring
Tube
Test
Res
onat
or
PA Power M
odule
Existing 53 MHz Power Amplifier 76 MHz Power Amplifier Design
50 Ohm Load
Difference is in load position and resonator shape
PA Power M
odule
Test
Res
onat
or
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Power Dissipation to Temperature
8/04/2015Maggie Lankford |
Specific Heat Equation
• Using the rate of water flow in the cooling solve for mc
• Heat added over time is the power
https://xkcd.com/643/
T: Temperature
Q: Heat Added
m: Mass
c: Specific Heat
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Current State of Electronics
• RTD probe readout electronics complete
• Troubleshooting complete
8/04/2015Maggie Lankford |
http://www.rfcafe.com/references/radio-electronics/comics-january-1958-radio-electronics.htm
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Conclusions
• Comparison study of real and model cavity with Superfish
• Permeability study of the ferrite
8/04/2015Maggie Lankford |
• Power Amplifier
RTD electronics
complete
http://www.fnal.gov/pub/today/archive/archive_2014/today14-07-31.html
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Future Work
• Assembly of physical model cavity
• 76 MHz Power Amplifier testing
• Study higher order modes in the model cavity
8/04/2015Maggie Lankford |
http://cerncourier.com/cws/article/cern/55333
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Acknowledgments
• Robyn Madrak Plant for her endless help and mentoring• C. Y. Tan for giving project motivation and background• The RF Group for their help with the PA electronics• Dave Peterson for his feedback on the presentation• The SIST committee for the opportunity to intern at Fermilab
8/04/2015Maggie Lankford |
https://rootsrated.com/chicago-il/cycling/fermilab-cycling