Building Digitisation Capacity in developing countries: the case of

Uganda

By

Gertrude Kayaga MulindwaDirector – National Library of Uganda

Presented to the WDL Partners Meeting, Washington, D.C, 22-23 June, 2010

Outline

• Digitisation and preservation situation in Uganda

• Why digitise?• Project highlights• Challenges• The ‘Good News’• Lessons learnt• Conclusion

Digitisation and Preservation situation in Uganda

Cultural heritage institutions:• The National Library of Uganda

(NLU) (2003)• The Uganda National

Documentation Centre (1969)• Makerere University deposit library

(1958)• Uganda National Museum• Uganda National Archives

Digitisation and Preservation (Cont…)

In summary • The ‘national’ collection is a scattering

of collections in various institutions and private hands.

In addition: • Conservation and preservation policies

are almost non-existent in some institutions.

• Most collections are not easily accessible to the general Ugandan public

Digitisation and Preservation (Cont…)

Also in existence are:• Archives in various religious

institutions.• Private collections especially

on cultural matters eg.Genealogical records of clans in

some Ugandan communities.

Digitisation and preservation (Cont…)

Several digitisation projects of different scales in Uganda include:

• Digitisation of land records at the Ministry of Lands

• Digitisation of university dissertations/theses at Makerere University (abstracts).

• Digitisation of Church archives by Uganda Christian University

Uncoordinated efforts leading to duplication and under-usage of acquired capabilities.

Is digitisation really a priority?

Questions to think about:• Does it make sense to digitise?• Shouldn’t we be concentrating on

more basic things to improve quality of life?

• How about the levels of literacy • Has the Internet penetrated all

sections of society?eg. Uganda Bureau of Statistics: Literacy

rate is about 68%

Uganda Communications Commission: Internet penetration less than 0.1%

The answer is “Yes”

We would like to ensure that the collections are preserved, well-maintained and easily accessible for now, for the future, for Ugandans and for the world.

NLU’s strengths

• The National Library is by law mandated to ensure preservation of Uganda’s documented heritage.

• Ready and willing staff.

• Funding from Carnegie

• Support from the Library of Congress

WDL Uganda Project highlights

• Dec 2008– April 2009 - NLU approached Library of Congress about possible support.

• March 2009 - Funding secured and preparations for the project commenced

• March 2009 – Initial meeting with other stakeholders in the country.

• April 2009- WDL launched in Paris

Highlights (cont…)

• May 2009 - LC staff visited Uganda and met with NLU and other institutions

• Aug 2009 - Partner agreement signed with LC

• Sept – Dec 2009 - Site prepared and staff

recruited. Visit made to Egypt

(Bibliotheca Alexandrina and National Library of Egypt)

Highlights (Cont…)

• January 2010 - Equipment delivered - LC staff arrived in

Uganda to carry out training

• February 2010 - Initial training completed

» - Scanning commenced

• March 2010 - Official launch done

• June 2010 - Over 60 items (Mostly in book form) from various institutions have so far been scanned and preservation and conservation work carried out on them.

Challenges

• Young national library - Limited number of WDL qualifying items from NLU collections

• Poor environment for documents - Tropics climate and paper documents do not go together – humidity, mould, insects, water and dust

Challenges (Cont…)

• Documents scattered in various institutions.

• People not being aware of the ‘treasures’ they have and having thrown them away because they have photocopies.

• Suspicion by holding institutions as to the project’s intentions

Challenges (Cont…)• Poor handling of documents leading to

their destruction. Some of those that qualify for the project are in a very brittle state.

Challenges (Cont…)

Intangible heritage

• Most of what we can show to the world that is unique to us and inherent within us is passed on to the next generation orally.

• Most of our uniqueness is

therefore undocumented

Challenges

• Competing national priorities.

• Lack of Internet access by most ordinary Ugandans.

The ‘Good News’

Rising interest among the general public to preserve our documented heritage.

Communities getting involved in creating their own digital content

The ‘Good News’ (cont…)

Raised profile of the NLU and the project

The ‘Good News’ (Cont…)

Discovering those “gems” where they are least expected

• Some items have been discovered in private homes and owners are willing to pass them on to the NLU

The ‘Good News’ (Cont…)

Inclusion of digitization as a way of preservation in the next five year national development plan

The ‘Good News’ (Cont…)

Building our conservation and other capabilities

• This is the start of what we believe will be a conservation department that can be used by other institutions.

• The meta data skills we are building on are now being used in other work of the institution

The ‘Good News’ (Cont…)

Getting other institutions sensitive about conservation

• Many have requested to come and train in both conservation and digitisation at NLU

The ‘Good News’ (Cont…)

With like-minded individuals and institutions, the NLU is steadily getting a national collection together:

• Documents in the public domain held in different institutions are now being put in one space.

Lessons learnt

• The need to work closely with other stakeholders in the country.

• The need to borrow experience from those already involved in digitisation work.

• The need to fully integrate digitisation into the mainstream work of the institution

Conclusion

It is important to maintain the momentum and interest that the project has generated in the country. We hope to continue with what we have done so far and to get even institutions in the region involved as was the initial intention.

For those many endangered items especially where the climate and other conditions are not friendly to paper and other library items, digitisation provides a viable alternative to preserving them for future generations.

Thank You