building drawing symbols

8/2/2019 Building Drawing Symbols

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Drawing Conventions

General

Detail on cutting plane

Detail beyond or below cutting plane

Former and conjectural line of building

Detail behind or above cutting plane

Centre line

Scale bars

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(for small scale drawings)

Plans

Walls

Walls

Former wall

Wall with plinth

Wall of unknown thickness

Doors and windows, etc

External door with wood frame

External door with masonry jambs and step up

Internal door

Blocked doors (stippled or hatched), annotate bd

Window with sill and wood frame

Window with masonry jams

Walk-in window

Walk-in window (no wall over)

Levels 1 and 2 Levels 3 and 4

(b) stone or brick Window with mullion: (a) wood

Blocked windows (stippled or hatched), annotate bw

Blind windows

Architraves, pilasters, etc, to be shown where large or significant

a b

All Levels



Beams

Beam over

Beam with chamfers and stops

Beam chamfered but not stopped

Beam chamfered one side, stopped one end

Beam and joists; jetty brackets

Direction of joists when they are not actually drawn

(a) Inserted or removed beam (normal beam annotated)(b) Inserted beam and joists (alternative method)

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ba

Miscellaneous

Fireplace and chimneypiece (show hearth if present)

Blocked fireplace

(a) Posts and studs; cornice beam(b) Studs cruck blademeasured 1 metre from the floor

Posts removed

Empty mortices(a) in wall(b) in beam soffit

Stud positions indicated by peg holes only

Inserted window (NB glass line)

Detail above or below (annotate), drawn separately;(a) detail(b) principal plan

Straight joint (visible both sides/one side only)

Ragged joint (ditto)

Ceiling details, cornices, vault ribs, etc

Stairs and steps (arrow pointing up; handrailconventionalised);show scroll if applicable



Stairwell: ground; intermediate; top

Cupboard above floor level

Cupboard at floor level

Direction indicators for sections

Industrial and mechanical

Box and centre line of surviving line shaft (drawn full extent)

Bearing box, direction of drive

Boxes over door and window

Trap in floor with upright shaft and direction of drive

Trap in ceiling with rope drive

Box transferring drive from flywheel; flywheel bearing box

Flat fireproof ceiling, beams and cast-iron columns

Arched jack vaulting, beams and removed columns

Sections

Wall; wall and framing post

Beams and joists

Removed beam

Inserted beam

Timber beam (when beams of different materials are inthe section) and metal I beams

Framing (pegs and empty holes to be shown)

Removed framing

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Sample Drawings

1 The How, Hartsop, Patterdale with Hartsop, Cumbria. At the time the record was made The How, a small 17th-century vernacular house, required majorstructural repairs with the potential to destroy a range of historic features and evidence.The set of drawings represents the minimum necessary in this instance topresent the evidence on which the written report was based, and is typical of Level 3 records.



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2 The Six Bells Public House, 9 High Street, Fulbourn, Cambridgeshire. Following a major fire a range of hitherto concealed elements of the timber frame wereexposed in the Six Bells Public House.The choice of drawings reflects the fact that the roof had already been destroyed in a previous fire and the ground floor,summarily recorded in a sketch plan of 1950, retained few historic features which could not be indicated satisfactorily on the sectional drawings.

3 (page 24) Oxburgh Hall, Oxborough, Norfolk: Section through Garderobes, from East. Like Drawing 4 this formed part of a large set of drawings, one group of which illustrated the complex arrangement of chimneys, garderobes, garderobe shafts and associated circulation within part of the gatehouse at Oxburgh Hall.Drawings of this type can elucidate particularly complex areas without recourse to full 3D CAD modelling. REDM survey was used to capture inaccessible detailon external elevations.

4(page 25) Oxburgh Hall,Oxborough, Norfolk: Plan of the Ground Floor. This plan forms part of an extensive set of drawings (see also Drawing 3) covering allthe main plan levels of Oxburgh Hall and sections at a series of key points.The drawings form part of a Level 4 record presenting a detailed investigation of the

building on behalf of its owners, the National Trust, with the purpose of underpinning long-term management.The plan is based on external, and highly selectiveinternal, REDM control; this was particularly necessary on the inaccessible moatside elevations.As well as recording a wealth of evidence (straight joints, blockings,variations in wall thickness and alignment etc) the plan clearly differentiates high- and low-status areas by indicating current variations in the decorative elaborationof rooms.



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25



% B N

( S J O E J O H T I P Q X I F F M

5 J M U G P S H F X I F F M

# M P X J O H F O H J O F X I F F M

# P S J O H $ I B N C F S

m S T U n P P S

( S J O E J O H 4 I P Q

5 J M U ' P S H F

4 U F B N

& O H J O F

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" # # & : % " - & 8 0 3 , 4 " # # & : % "

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3 , 4 ) * 3 &

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% S B X J O H / P P G

% S B X O C Z " 5 " / + 8

5

A b b e y d a l e W

o r k s , A

b b e y d a l e R o a d , S h e f f i e l d , S o u t h Y o r k s h i r e . T h i s h a n d - d r a w n p l a n , s h o w i n g t h e b l a d e - g r i n d i n g s h o p ( t o n o r t h ) a n d t i l t f o r g e ( t o s o u t h ) , u n r a v e l s a p a r t i c u l a r l y c o m p l e x a s s e m b l a g e o f b u i l d i n g s a n d

w a t e r - p o w e r e d m a c h i n e r y . T h e d r a w i n g ( o n e o f a s e r i e s ) w a s m a d e t o i n f o r m a w i d e r s t u d y o f t h e S h e f f i e l d m e t a l t r a d e s , b u t t h e o p p o r t u n i t y w a s t a k e n s i m u l t a n e o u s l y t o r e c o r d t h e w a t e r w h e e l s a n d m a c h i n e r y t o a

h i g h e r t h a n n o

r m a l l e v e l o f d e t a i l i n o r d e r t o i n f o r m t h e c o n s e r v a t i o n m a n a g e m e n t o f t h e s i t e .

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6

A b b e y d a l e W

o r k s , A

b b e y d a l e R o a d , S h e f f i e l d , S o u t h Y o r k s h i r e . H a n d - d r a w i n g r e m a i n s a n e s s e n t i a l t e c h n

i q u e f o r b r i n g i n g t o l i f e c u t - a w a y v i e w s s u c h a

s t h i s o n e , d e p i c t i n g a c r u c i b l e f u r n a c e . T h e i n

c l u s i o n o f f i g u r e s a n d o t h e r

e p h e m e r a l d e t a i l s p e r m i t s a n u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f h o w b u i l d i n g s w e r e u s e d a n d h o w t h e y m a y h a v e a p p e a r e d

. S i m i l a r e f f e c t s a r e m u c h h a r d e r t o a c h i e v e i n

C A D . I n e v i t a b l y d r a w i n g s l i k e t h i s , a

l t h o u g h b

a s e d u p o n i n v e s t i g a t i o n a n d

m e a s u r e d s u r v e y , i n v o l v e a n e l e m e n t o f r e c o n s t r u c t i o n a n d c o n j e c t u r e . F o r t h i s r e a s o n , i f t h e y f o r m p a r t o f a r e c o r d t h e y s h o u l d b e a c c o m p a n i e d b y c o

n v e n t i o n a l m e a s u r e d d r a w i n g s .

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w

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t s m o u t h .

o r

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v a l D o c k y a r d ,

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t s m o u t h N a

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B l o c k M i l l s ,

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o m t h e 3 D

C

o s s - s e c t i o n e x t r a c t e d f r

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L o n d o n S E 1 8 .

w i c h ,

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a ,

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W

s C o l d

w s

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w h i c h d r a

t o d e

t s t h a n t h e l o n g - s e c t i o n ,

c o m m e n c i n g i n 1 9 5 6 ,

,

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t o f a

n s h i p s b e t w

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o c k

o r m o f t h e s t r u c t u r

T h e S p a d e a d a m r

C u m b r i a .

, o r m a t i o n a b o u t t h e f

K i n g w a t e r

e y s l e s s i n f

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a m , v

c o n d ,

e s t S t a n d C 2 ,

e H

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w h i l e i t f o

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T e t

e a k R o c k

e l s .

o

u n d l e v

e n t g r

e r

G r

9 p l a n ,

o f d i f f

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