building dynamic websites.pdf
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WEB COMMUNICATION & DESIGN Building Dynamic Websites
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section I: How to Use Libraries
Section II: How to Add Flash to a Website Section III: How to Create Image Maps
Section IV: How to Create Rollover Images
Section V: Mobile friendly web pages
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How to use librariesYou can use a library in Adobe Dreamweaver to store page elements such as images, text, sounds, or tables you
want to reuse throughout your website. When you insert a library item, Dreamweaver actually inserts a link to thelibrary item. If you later need to make changes to a library item, such as changing some text or an image, updating
the library item automatically updates each instance of the item on every page into which you’ve inserted it.
Create a library item
1. Select an element of a document (such as an image or text) to save as a library item.
2. Select Window > Assets, click the Library button, andthen click the New Library Item button at the bottom
right of the Assets panel (Figure 1).
3. Enter a name for the new library item: Make sure
Untitled is selected, type a name, and press Enter (Windows) or Return (Mac OS) (Figure 2).
Each library item is saved as a separate file (with the file
extension .lbi) in the Library folder of the site’s local
root folder.
Figure 1 Library and New Library Item buttons
Figure 2 Naming a new library item
Library button
New Library Item button
Insert a library item
1. Position the insertion point in the Document window
where you want to insert a library item.
2. Make sure the Library panel is open. If it is not, select
Window > Assets and click the Library button on the
left side of the Assets panel.
The Assets panel opens and shows the Library category.
3. Drag a library item from the Assets panel to the
Document window, or select an item and click the Insert button at the bottom of the panel (Figure 3).
Figure 3 Inserting a library item on a page
Insert button
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Edit a Library Item
1. Make sure the Library panel is open. If it is not, selectWindow > Assets and click the Library button on the
left side of the Assets panel.
2. Select a library item.
3. Click the Edit button at the bottom of the Assets panel.
Dreamweaver opens a new window for editing the
library item (Figure 4). This window is much like aDocument window. You can tell it is a Library item by
the .lbi filename extension on the document’s tab.
4. Edit the library item and then save your changes.
The Update Library Items dialog box opens, with a list
of the files that use the library item (Figure 5).
5. Click Update to replace the original library item withyour edited version in the files that use the library item.
The Update Pages dialog box opens.
6. To see a report on the updating process, make sure Show
Log is selected (Figure 6).
7. Click Close.
Figure 4 Library editing window
Figure 5 Update Library Items dialog box
Figure 6 Update report
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Update All Documents to Use Current Library Items
If you do not choose to update documents that use library items as you edit individual library items, you can later
update all pages in the site with the current version of all library items.
1. Open either a library item or a page with a library item
on it.
2. Select Modify > Library > Update Pages.
The Update Pages dialog box opens (Figure 7).
3. From the Look In pop-up menu, select Entire Site, andthen select the site name from the adjacent pop-up
menu.
4. Make sure Library Items is selected in the Update
section.
5. Click Start.
Dreamweaver updates the documents and provides areport on the updating process (Figure 8). If you have
updated documents at the time you edited library items,
this report confirms that no additional updating was
required.
6. Click Close.
Figure 7 Update Pages dialog box
Figure 8 Update Pages report
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How to add Flash movies and Flash video to a websiteTo add interest and interactivity, you can add movies created in Adobe Flash and Flash video to your site. Flash
movies contain animated and interactive content, while Flash videos incorporate video from other sources, such as avideo camera. For example, you might add an instructional Flash movie about model rocketry, or a slide show, or
some video that documents a community event.
Adding Flash mov ies (SWF files)
1. Start Adobe Dreamweaver and open the documentin which you want to create an image map.
2. Make sure the Common category in the Insert bar isselected.
3. Click the down arrow on the Media button and select
Flash in the pop-up menu (Figure 1).
The Select File dialog box opens (Figure 2).
4. Locate and select the Flash movie, and then click OK
(Windows) or Choose (Mac OS).
The Object Tag Accessibility Attributes dialog box
opens (Figure 3).
4. In the Title text box, type a brief title to identify the
movie’s contents. Then click OK.
A Flash content placeholder, rather than a scene fromthe Flash movie itself, appears in your document
(Figure 4). This is because the page is pointing to the
Flash SWF file. When a visitor opens this page, the
browser plays the SWF file.
Figure 1 Media pop-up menu
Figure 2 Select File dialog box
Figure 3 Object Tag Accessibility Attributesdialog box
Figure 4 Flash content placeholder 4
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Set play op tions
To determine how the movie plays when the page loads, you set options in the Property inspector (Figure 5).
5. Make sure the Flash content placeholder is selected.
6. In the Property inspector, select the Loop option to
cause the movie to repeat as long as the visitor is on the page.
If you don’t want the movie to loop, make sure that theLoop option is not checked.
7. Select the Autoplay option to cause the movie to playwhen the page loads.
8. To test the movie, click Play.
Dreamweaver plays the Flash file in the document,
showing you what visitors will see when they view the page in a browser
Figure 5 Flash Property inspector
Adding Flash v ideo (FLV f iles)
Flash video plays like any other video content. When you add Flash video, Dreamweaver also inserts a set of
playback controls. These controls appear in a browser when a visitor opens the page.
1. Click the down arrow on the Media button on the Insert
bar and select Flash Video from the pop-up menu(Figure 1).
The Insert Flash Video dialog box opens (Figure 6).
2. Click the Browse button beside the URL text box.
3. Locate and select the Flash video, and then click OK
(Windows) or Choose (Mac OS).
4. Make sure Progressive Download Video is selected in
the Video Type menu at the top of the dialog box.
The Progressive Download Video option enables
visitors to see movies as they download instead of
waiting until after the entire movie has downloaded.Note: The Streaming Video option requires the use of a
Adobe® Flash® Media Server.
5. Click the Detect Size button to fill in the Width and
Height boxes.
Dreamweaver requires this information to include the
video.
6. Select a skin from the Skin pop-up menu.
This determines the appearance of the Flash video
playback controls (Figure 7).
7. Select the Auto Play option to cause the video to playwhen the page loads.
8. Select the Auto Rewind option to cause the video to
rewind automatically when it reaches the end.
Figure 6 Insert Flash Video dialog box
Figure 7 Flash video in a browser with Clear Skinselected
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9. Click OK to close the dialog box and insert the video.
A Flash Video placeholder appears in your document(Figure 8).
10. Select File > Preview In Browser and select a browser
from the submenu to preview the page and test the
video.
Figure 8 Flash Video placeholder
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How to create image mapsAn image map is an image that has been divided into regions, or hotspots. When a visitor clicks a hotspot on your
web page, an action occurs; for example, another web page opens. An example is a geographic map that links eachcountry in the map to another page in your site or an external website containing information about that country.
Create an image map
1. Start Adobe Dreamweaver and open the document
in which you want to create an image map.2. Make sure the Common category is selected in the Insert
bar.
3. Click the down arrow on the Images button and select
Image from the pop-up menu (Figure 1).
The Select Image Source dialog box opens.
4. Locate an image for the image map, select it, and click
OK (Windows) or Choose (Mac OS).
The Image Tag Accessibility Attributes dialog boxopens.
5. Enter alternate text for the image, and then click OK.The image is added to the page (Figure 2).
6. Select the image in the Document window. In the
Property inspector, type a name for the map in the Maptext box.
Note: Naming conventions for image maps follow thesame rules as filenames: no spaces or special characters.
Figure 1 Images pop-up menu
Figure 2 Image inserted
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6. Select one of the hotspot tools located below the Map
name, and draw a rectangle, circle, or polygon around a part of the image (Figure 3).
7. In the Hotspot Property inspector (Figure 4), do the
following:
• Add a link to a page in your site or to an external
URL.
• Type a descriptive phrase for the link destination in
the Alt text box.
8. Repeat steps 6 and 7 to add other hotspots in the imagemap.
9. Save the page.
10. Select File > Preview In Browser and select a browser
from the submenu to preview the page and test each
link.
Figure 3 Image map
Figure 4 Hotspot Property inspector
Image map
Hotspot tools
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How to create rollover imagesA rollover is an image that changes when the pointer moves across it. A rollover actually consists of two images: the
primary image (the image displayed when the page first loads) and the rollover image (the image that appears whenthe pointer moves over the primary image).
Rollover images add highlighting or design effects by drawing viewer attention when the images are swapped. One
example is a button that highlights or changes color when the pointer passes over it.
Create a rollover image
1. Open Adobe Dreamweaver and open the document
in which you want to create a rollover image.
2. Make sure the Common category is selected in the Insert
bar. Click the down arrow on the Images button and
select Rollover Image from the pop-up menu (Figure 1).
The Insert Rollover Image dialog box opens (Figure 2).
3. Use the Insert Rollover Image dialog box to set up your
rollover:
• Image Name: Type a name for the rollover image.
•
Original Image: Click Browse and select the imageto be displayed when the page loads.
• Rollover Image: Click Browse and select the image
to be displayed when the pointer rolls over theoriginal image.
• Alternate Text: Type the text you want to appear as
alternate text for the image.
• When Clicked, Go To URL: Click Browse andselect the file (or type the path to the file) to be
opened when the image is clicked.
5. Click OK to close the dialog box.
6. Save the page.
7. Select File > Preview In Browser and select a browser
from the submenu to preview the rollover image and test
the link.
Figure 1 Images pop-up menu
Figure 2 Insert Rollover Image dialog box
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Mobile friendly web pages Every day more and more smartphones get activated and more websites are producing smartphone-optimized
content. It is recommended that you follow the industry best practice of using responsive web design, namely
serving the same HTML for all devices and using only CSS to decide the rendering on each device.
Create and save a new HTML page.
For this example we’ll need to work with a webpage that uses <div> tags as the basic layout structure. You can use anexisting page or create a new page using the Dreamweaver built-in 2 column liquid, left sidebar, header and footer
template.
We’ll need to make 4 changes to the default layout:
1. Change the DIV width properties to 90% to better use available screen width on small devices.
2. Change the DIV max-width properties to 960px.
3. Change the DIV min-width properties to 760px.
Note: Since we’ll be setting up rules for smaller screens, this would seem to be unnecessary but it’s useful for
older browsers that don’t support media queries. The value of 760px will better accommodate the media
queries we’ll be setting up.
4. Add a 960px wide image as the header to the page -or- if using the 2 column template, replace the image
placeholder in the header.
Dynamically size an image
The header image creates our first challenge. This image will be too large to work with mobile devices. We’ll solve
this issue by deleting the image height and width attributes from the html and sizing the image using CSS.
The Properties Inspector with image selected and the width and height attributes deleted.
1. With the image selected delete the height and width attributes in the Properties Inspector.
2. Next, in the CSS file, create a new style for the header image:
By removing the height and width attributes from the menu tag and using a percentage value in the CSS width property
we cause the image to resize dynamically as the width of the page changes.
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Add media queries and the device specific CSS files.
The Media Queries dialog
1. Select the Insert>Media Queries menu item
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In the Media Queries dialog:
2. Under Write media queries to click to choose the Site-wide media queries file option (you can choose to save
the queries to the current document but saving them to an external file makes them available for all of your site’s files).
3. Click the Specify button to create and save your media query file. Name the file media.css and save it wherethe main CSS file exists.
4. Leave Force devices to report actual width checked.
5. Click the Default Presets button in the lower-right corner of the Phone/Tablet/Desktop section of the dialog box. This will define three media queries (for desktops, tablets and phones) but you’ll still need to create and
save a CSS file for each of the queries.
Create the CSS files:
6. Select the Phone query from the list if it’s not already selected.
7. In the Properties section. accept the defaults for Description and Min and Max Width.
8. Choose the Create new file menu option and click the folder icon to create and save your phone-based CSS
file. Name the file phone.css and saved it in the same folder as media.css.
9. Repeat the steps above to create CSS files for Tablets and Desktops naming the remaining files tablet.css anddesktop.css as in the Media Queries image on the previous page.
10. Click OK to close the Media Queries dialog.
Note: Snce we want the style rules in our media query files to overwrite style rules with the same names in the default CSS file, the link to the media query file (media.css) MUST appear after the link to the main CSS file as shown below.
It should happen that way by default but, if the order is reversed, you’ll need to fix it in the code.
<link href="styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="css/media.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
To edit Adobe’s default media queries or add more, you can do that at any time by choosing the Modify>Media
Queries menu option.
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The tablet.css file
Since the layout by default is designed for larger screens, ignore the desktop.css for now and concentrate on tablets and
phones.
Let’s begin with tablets. The first thing we need to change is the min-width property for our header div. Since thetablet media query is used for screens from 321 to 768 pixels a value of 320 pixels needs to be set. Unfortunately the
min-width property is not supported in Dreamweaver’s Rule Definition dialog so we’ll need to add the rule directly in
the code of tablet.css.
Min-width
1. Make sure you are working in Split View and click the tablet.css link in the Related Files list at the top of theDocument window. The tablet.css file will be displayed on the left in the code portion of the Split window
(see figure below).2. Add the min-width property to each container DIV with a value of 320px.
Example:
.header {
min-width: 320px;}
Split View with tablet.css selected in the Related Files toolbar and displayed in the Code section of the Document
window.
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You should be able to see the effect of this rule by switching to Live View and resizing the document window. Select a
size from the menu revealed by clicking on the down arrow at the right of the Multiscreen button in the Document
Toolbar at the top of the Document window (see below).
Selecting a preview screen size from the Multiscreen menu.
The phone.css file
We need similar rules for phone.css with the a couple changes: The min-width of the layout will be 200px, whichshould accommodate even pretty dumb smart phones. And we’ll let the buttons be the full width of the layout. So our
phone.css file will look like this:
@charset "utf-8";
.header {
min-width: 200px
}
.menu {
min-width: 200px}
.content {
min-width: 200px}
240 x 320 Feature Phone view
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The finished page
You can preview the layout at multiple screen resolutions simultaneously Select a size from the menu revealed by
clicking on the Multiscreen button in the Document Toolbar at the top of the Document window.
A multiscreen preview of the page showing the different layouts for phone, tablet and desktop devices.
The Figure above shows the Multiscreen preview of our customized layout. With just a few simple style rules we’ve
created a layout that comfortably accommodates mobile devices and still looks good on a desktop computer.
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