building electrification in the northeast: overview of ......customer and contractor marketing,...

Building Electrification in the Northeast:Overview of Policy, Programs, and Progress

Introduction to policy drivers

Overview of building beneficial/strategic electrification in NE

Working out the details at the program level

Agenda

HIGH LEVEL POLICY DRIVERS

State Decarbonization Goals Drive Electrification Efforts

4

Northeast states have some of the most ambitious GHG reduction goals in the U.S. Many cities have also set

their own aggressive goals Companies are also setting

ambitious targets

State GHG Reduction Goals

Year

Connecticut 45% 2030

80% 2050

Maine 80% 2030

100% 2050

Massachusetts 25% 2020

80% 2050

New Hampshire 20% 2025

80% 2050

New York 40% 2030

100% 2050

Rhode Island 45% 2035

80% 2050

Vermont 40% 2030

80%-95% 2050

How Do We Expect to Reach These Goals?

5

High-level plans for achieving GHG reduction goals are mostly in place and rely primarily on: Continued decarbonization of electric grid (Electricity/Renewables Portfolio

Standards) and increase in energy storage Increased investments in energy efficiency Transitioning fossil fuel end uses to electric grid:

Transportation – Primarily via zero emission vehicles/EVs

Buildings - Electrification of space heating and water heating

OVERVIEW OF BUILDING STRATEGIC/BENEFICIAL ELECTRIFICATION IN NE

State of Utility Programs Aimed at Building Electrification in NE

7

Focus is on heat pumps to replace fossil fuel space and water heating Cold climate ASHPs (ducted and ductless) GSHPs HP water heaters VRF for commercial/institutional buildings

Other innovative offerings Air to water heat pumps (Vermont) Integrated controls (Massachusetts) Electrification of commercial and residential landscaping equipment (PSEG

Long Island) Often extension of existing efficiency programs

Downstream (customer) rebates Mid-stream (distributor and contractor incentives) Financing Whole building assessments Education and outreach

Residential programs typically aimed at oil or propane heated homes

Long List of Challenges for Electric Utilities/Program Administrators

8

Regulatory barriers to fuel switching Utility performance incentives/metrics not designed for electrification Restructuring programs for MMBtu savings Uncertainties surrounding potential for electrification Conventions and methods for measuring BE savings can be complex and are still being worked out Technical Reference Manuals (TRMs) not yet accounting for new measures and fuel savings scenarios Equity issues for disadvantaged populations Economics not yet attractive for many customers (low fossil fuel prices and high upfront costs) Lack of awareness of heat pump technologies by:

Customers Contractors Building design professionals

Lack of research on how customers actually use new heat pump equipment Heating versus cooling In conjunction with other existing fossil fuel HVAC equipment

Key Policy Actions for Transforming Building Electrification Market

9

Removing restrictions on fuel switching Setting appropriate utility goals

GHG or Btu goals (i.e. fuel-neutral goals) Multiple resource-specific goals (i.e., Therms, MWh) Technology-specific goals (e.g., # of heat pumps, CHP)

Updates to benefit/cost analyses Fully valuing GHG emissions reductions Fully valuing grid/system benefits of electrification General loosening cost-effectiveness requirements (e.g., move away

from measure level requirements) Investments in marketing, education and outreach (e.g., fuel

savings comparison tools) Setting and enforcing building codes and standards

Stretch codes that go beyond (but do not preempt) International Energy Conservation Code (IECC)

WORKING OUT THE DETAILS AT THE PROGRAM LEVEL

Program Design Under a Fuel-blind Scenario = More Complexity

To change this text, go to Insert, then Header & Footer, change your text, then click Apply to All 11

Programs need to be redesigned to promote both heating and cooling uses for ASHPs

Customer and contractor marketing, education and outreach are more complex Customer economics difficult to quantify and

very dependent upon existing heating system types and fuels

Need multiple entry points for customers to get to programs (e.g., new construction, whole house assessment, furnace replacement, cooling system replacement)

Lack of awareness of benefits among customers and contractors

Quantifying Heat Pump Savings = More Complexity


Electric-only scenario: Savings typically based on ASHP used for cooling with baseline

either existing equipment or minimum code efficiency equipment of similar size/capacity

Any use of new ASHP for space heating typically not considered Fuel-neutral scenario, multiple baselines:

Full vs partial heating replacement Cooling only vs heating and cooling use Different types of replaced fossil fuels

Conventions and savings assumptions to calculate MMBtu savings need to be established: Example: ASHP system sized to heating requirements is typically

oversized for cooling. What size equipment should cooling savings be based on?

Example: ASHPs operate differently than fossil fuel or other AC systems. Potentially different effective full load hours (EFLH) for baseline equipment vs new equipment

Assessing Energy Savings Potential = More Complex


Few energy savings potential studies include beneficial electrification

Economic potential of ASHPs varies substantially by heating system type and fuel type

Uncertainty surrounding savings Uncertainty surrounding HP adoption barriers Customer and contractor decision-making process

more complex than single fuel scenario Existing HVAC adoption curves may not apply

Key Takeaways


High level decarbonization goals finally filtering down to programs, but details are still being worked out

Lots of uncertainty remains Quantifying savings Analyzing cost effectiveness Assessing savings potential

Research priorities include: Typical usage assumptions for fossil fuel heating partially replaced

by heat pump Effects of integrated controls Incremental measure costs Heat pump adoption curves for potential studies

Adam BurkeManaging Director/[email protected]

©2019 Opinion Dynamics. All Rights Reserved.

Chris Porter10/15/19

Heat Decarbonization in the Northeast

| [Heat Decarbonization in the Northeast] | [10/15/2019]

2National Grid

There are three main sources of energy-related GHG emissions in the Northeast

Electric power generation

Transport

Heat (buildings and industry)

Mainly light-duty (passenger) cars and trucks, and medium- and heavy-duty vehicles; aviation and shipping

Electricity generating plants, mostly large-scale gas-fired units. Limited coal- and oil-based plants remain

Space heating services in residential and commercial buildings, and process heat in industrial settings


3National Grid

1990-2015Progress reducing emissions Electric power: major

reductions Transport: backsliding Heat: some progress

2015-2050 Gap to 2030 larger than

all emissions from electric power in 2015

Focus must necessarily shift to transport and heat

2030-2050 period requires even deeper reductions

New York and New England Economy-Wide CO2 Emissions1

million tonnes

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

1990 Electricpower

Heat Transport 2015 Gap totarget

2050 target

Electric power Heat Transport

109

128

382

320

140

5653

21

12

Insights

90

76

154

2015-2030

2030-2050

The US Northeast has lead an effort to reduce GHG emissions but a significant gap to targets remains

124145

1 Emissions from fossil fuel combustion only, which accounts for 85% of total emissions Source: US Energy Information Administration, 2017


4National Grid

National Grid supports ambitious GHG emissions reduction targets in all jurisdictions it operates

Region / State Midterm* 2050*

Massachusetts 25% by 2020 80%

Rhode Island 45% by 2035 80%

New York 40% by 2030 80%

United Kingdom 40% by 2030 80%

National Grid 45% by 2030 80%

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction targets (relative to 1990 baseline):

Recognition of our climate leadership to date:


5National Grid

- Near Term- Gas Energy Efficiency remains the least cost, nearest term opportunity to

reduce the carbon intensity of the heating sector

- Weatherization is important, regardless of customer fuel choice

- Large uptake in heat electrification, with near term focus on delivered fuel customers

- Long Term- Complete electrification is likely not the right answer for all customers

- Decarbonizing the gas supply side

- How else can utilities transform the electric heating market outside of traditional energy efficiency program approaches?


What are the pathways to building heat decarbonization?

Short Term Solutions


7National Grid

• Weatherization impacts 62% of a home’s consumption

• Still lots of delivered fuel to go after, but most homes heat with gas

• We need programs that work for all customers but should acknowledge that most usage is in owner-occupied, single-family buildings


Weatherization should remain a priority

8National Grid

Current EE Savings Opportunity


-

50,000,000.00

100,000,000.00

150,000,000.00

200,000,000.00

250,000,000.00

2019 2020 2021

Net

Life

time

Ther

ms

Gas Heating Savings vs Gas Non-Heating Savings

Heating Savings Non Heating Savings

- Traditional gas energy efficiency measures still have a lot of savings left

- Weatherization is still very cost effective ~ $.50/lifetime therm (incentive spending)

- The majority of savings in our gas portfolio still lie within heating savings (~70%)

2019-2021 planned National Grid Massachusetts gas portfolio savings

9National Grid

Can utilities drive the transformation of the heat pump market?

Reasons for Caution- More cost intensive than lighting

- More intrusive than other technologies

- Technology innovation still needed

Reasons for Optimism- We’ve done it before with lighting

- Political will behind the technology and heat electrification

- New ability to switch customers off delivered fuel


10National Grid

Case Study: Paul’s Home

Heating & Cooling Scenario

Heating Efficiency

Cooling Efficiency

Heating Fuel Use

Cooling Fuel Use

Heating Cost

Cooling Cost

Total Fuel Cost

Heating oil and window air conditioners 75% 7 EER 537 gal 463 kWh $2,149 $83 $2,233

ASHP Mini-Splits (non-ducted) 8.9 EER 14.5 EER 6339 kWh 223 kWh $1,141 $40 $1,181

Scenario: Partially Displace Oil Boiler with ASHPsHome Size: 1500 square feet Central Heating System: Oil BoilerHeating purpose: Whole House Number of Units: 4 indoor units, 2 outdoor units

Without Mass Save IncentiveCost of ASHPs: $17,103Payback: 19.7 years

With Mass Save IncentivesCost of ASHPs: $17,103Incentive: $1,600/ton * 3.5 tons = $5,600Cost of ASHPs after incentive = $11,503Payback: 13.3 years

The installation of ASHPs results in an $867/year in fuel cost savings to heat and cool this home


11National Grid

Heat Pumps in Massachusetts


• Offering generous incentives for heat pumps that displace delivered fuel or electric baseboard heating (fuel optimization measures)

• Working closely with industry partners to educate at levels on new program requirements and goals

• Educating customers on heating options

• HEAT Loan – 0% interest loan

Measure Type Traditional Fuel OptimizationCentral Heat Pumps $350/ton $1,000/ton

Integrated Controls N/A$500/indoor unit

(max $1500)

Mini-Split Heat Pumps Up to $350/ton Up to $1600/ton

Heat Pump Rebate Levels

-YTD data is through August 2019

Measure Type Mini-Split Central Total Mini-Split Central Total Mini-Split Central Total Fuel Optimization 197 13 210 698 154 852 901 47 948 Standard 3,211 207 3,972 1,212 176 1,388 3,082 173 3,785

National Grid Massachusetts Heat Pump Goals and Actuals2019 Planned 2019 YTD 2020 Planned

Long Term Solutions


13National Grid

Significant potential to decarbonize with RNG, electrification and energy efficiencyHeat emissions and illustrative pathway to heat decarbonization in US NortheastMillion tonnes CO2

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

1990 2015Reductions achieved

Renewable natural

gas

2050 target

Energy efficiency

Electrifi-cation

Illustrative pathway

Includes biomass-derived and hydrogen from electrolysis

Includes delivered fuel phaseout, gas-electrichybridization and strategic electrification| [Heat Decarbonization in the Northeast] | [10/15/2019]

14National Grid

Renewable options for the gas network:

H2

Decarbonizing the Gas Supply

Hydrogen BlendingBiomass

Potential: 50% of natural gas needs for American Homes could be met with RNG from biomass

*Based on 2011 study by American Gas Foundation (updating Nov 2019)

Power-to-Gas

Research: Decarbonizing the gas network can help achieve GHG targets lower cost than full-electrification by leveraging existing gas infrastructure and assets

• CA – A 16% blend of RNG can achieve the same GHG reductions as mandated electrification.-Navigant 2018, Analysis of the Role of Gas for a Low-Carbon California Future

• UK – “Gas can be used to meet the UK’s 2050 carbon targets in the most cost effective way.” - National Grid UK 2018, The Future of Gas

• EU – “There are significant extra costs of €1.15tn associated with the ‘All-Electric’ pathway, which precludes CCS, biomethane and hydrogen.”

- Poyry 2018, Fully decarbonising Europe’s energy system by 2050


15National Grid | [Heat Decarbonization in the Northeast] | [10/15/2019]

Additional Utility Business models

Ground Source Heat Pumps

Community Geothermal

Renewable Natural Gas

Photo Credit: SoCal Gas

16National Grid

- It will take a combination of proven and emerging strategies and technologies to reach our GHG targets over the coming decades

- Energy Efficiency remains the most effective and lowest cost solution to immediately reduce carbon consumption in the near term

- We’ll need to work on decarbonizing the gas supply

- Additional utility business model opportunities present potentially significant opportunities to accelerate the development of additional cost effective options for customers


How will we get it done?

M&V2.0 Past, Present and Future

Elizabeth TitusAESP NE Conference

October 15, 2019North Haven, CT

MissionWe seek to accelerate regional collaboration to promote advanced energy efficiency and related solutions in homes, buildings, industry, and communities.

VisionWe envision the region's homes, buildings, and communities transformed into efficient, affordable, low-carbon, resilient places to live, work, and play.

ApproachOvercome barriers and transform markets through Collaboration, Education, and Enterprise

Northeast Energy Efficiency Partnerships

“Assist the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic region to reduce building sector energy consumption 3% per year and carbon emissions

40% by 2030 (relative to 2001)”

2

What is M&V2.0?

Is it— Another tool in the toolbox? A game-changer for energy efficiency/evaluation? A harbinger of future advances?

4

“Conventional” Evaluation and M&V and Programs Focus on Widgets

Product List

http://neep.org/initiatives/high-efficiency-products/home-energy-management-systems

• The hype: M&V2.0 will lead to auto-evaluation• The hope: Investment in M&V2.0 resources pays off• The trends:

– Virtual Audits– Non-Intrusive metering– Use of Smart Data in potential studies– Smart buildings opportunities for EE, DR and pricing– Assessing synergies of EE with other DERs– Rapid feedback

• To track load changes• To give process insights

– New program designs and planning driven by metered consumption– Growth in software tools and open-source tools

6

M&V2.0 today: Some hype, some hope, some trends

Policy and Programs Assessing Building-level Potential and Continuous Improvement

The Smart Energy Home: Driving

Residential Building

Decarbonization

7Smart Home Source: NYSERDA Report #17-16, November 2017

https://neep.org/smart-energy-home-driving-residential-decarbonization

Ongoing Research on M&V2.0 in CT:Standardized, Sustainable and Transparent EM&V- Integrating New Approaches in Connecticut

Funding: DOE Funding: Office of Energy Efficiency Renewable Energy. Cost Match: Project Partners

This project will test the use of advanced data analytics and collection tools (M&V 2.0) through a statewide pilot and compare these findings with traditional M&V practices. The project team will transfer those results and experiences to other states along with additional EM&V 2.0 research and experiences from across the country.

Impact:• Develop M&V 2.0 software tool standards and

protocols

• Broad scale adoption and use of M&V 2.0 tools in CT based on pilot results

• State and regional education on automated versus traditional approaches to EM&V

Partners:• NH, NY, RI, VT, NEEP, LBNL• Eversource Connecticut (utility)• United Illuminating (utility)

Stakeholders:• State energy offices, regulators, utilities,

program administrators, evaluators, system planners, facility managers

Project Goals:

• Pilots testing M&V2.0 software on CT C&I (small business) and Residential (HES) Program data. Preliminary results reported in: https://www.iepec.org/2019_proceedings/#/paper/event-data/090-pdf

• Exploring opportunities and challenges for increasing penetration of M&V2.0 as an evaluation tool and in the industry generally

• The research team contacts include– [email protected], Project Manager, CT DEEP– [email protected]– [email protected]– Eliot Crowe - [email protected]– Elizabeth Titus - [email protected] and Gisele Proacianti –

[email protected]

9

Ongoing Research on M&V2.0

mailto:[email protected]





10

C&I Pilot Findings to date: Rapid feedback is feasible and helps manage risk

11

M&V2.0 Effort Level is Low -Data Management is Key

• Learning from experience is invaluable• Tools and methods are ready to go; time & experience

needed to make judgment calls• Continue conversation on use cases • Continue R&D on non-routine events (NREs)

– –Define thresholds for action– –Build catalog of buildings’ data with documented NREs – Test data-driven adjustment methods on simulated & real data

• Develop methods to address uncertainty• Assess applications for time-sensitive valuation

12

Opportunities and Challenges

14

M&V Future: Working at the grid edge –whole building, whole resource

15

The Smart Energy Home of the Future: Building performance, the Grid, and Carbon

After the smart meter?

• Linking end-user consumption patterns (M&V2.0 resources) with grid data

• Information sharing framework within utilities and across organizations (leveraging M&V2.0 resources)

• Data access protocols for multiple types/sources of data

• New analytics to integrate DER data with grid data at the feeder level

• New performance metrics

16

M&V 3.0? - Needs to Achieve Integrated Load Management

17

Thank You

18

EM&V Past, Present and Future

Evaluation – Understanding what works

Measurement and verification –Designing metrics that work

Connecticut Department ofEnergy and Environmental Protection

Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection

Connecticut’s Comprehensive Energy

Strategy

Michael Li, Bureau Chief

AESP October 15, 2019

Connecticut Department of ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

Comprehensive Energy Strategies

3

1. Ensure sustainable and equitable funding for energy efficiency.

2. Advance market transformation of the energy efficiency industry.

3. Grow and sustain renewable and zero-carbon generation in the state and region.

4. Expand deployment of all cost-effective distributed generation (“behind the meter”) in a sustainable manner.

5. Continue to improve grid reliability and resiliency through state andregional efforts.

6. Reduce transportation greenhouse gas emissions by accelerating theadoption of low- and zero-emission vehicles and strengtheningalternative-fueling infrastructure.

7. Increase mobility, connectivity, and accessibility by advancing smart-growth, mixed-use transit-oriented development, and innovativetransportation partnerships.

8. Modernize the grid.

Connecticut Department of ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

Key Work Areas

4

1. The Governors Council on Climate Change (GC3) December 2018 report, Executive Order 3

2. PURA Equitable Modern Grid Interim Decision

3. Integrated Resources Plan

4. EV Roadmap

5. 2019-2021 C&LM Plan


Greenhouse Gas Emissions

5

• 08 s Act-10% below 1990 levels by 2020, and 80% below •

2008 Global Warming Solutions Act-10% below 1990 levels by

2020, and 80% below 2001 by 2050 Governor Malloy- Executive

Order 46, creating Governors council on Climate Change (GC3) The GC3 Report December 2018 Public Act 18-82 An Act Concerning Climate Change Planning

and Resiliency -2030 target for 455 below 2001 levels Governor Lamont Executive Order 3- Achieve Zero Carbon

electric Production by 2040


Variety of strategies

6

Electric Generation Buildings Sector Transportation

Analysis

Strategies

Analysis Analysis

StrategiesStrategies

Existing Policy Goals and Legislation Various paths to success

Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental ProtectionConnecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection

Governor’s Council on Climate Change Report

To achieve our 2030 goal we must reduce emissions from buildings by 34%


Equitable Modern Grid

RE-OI Energy Affordability RE-02 Advanced Metering Infrastructure RE03 Electric Storage RE04 Zero Emission Vehicles RE05 Innovative Technology Applications and Programs (Innovation Pilots) RE06 Interconnection Standards and Practices

8


Integrated Resources Plan

Highlights:

• “analyze pathways and recommend strategies for achieving a 100% zero carbon target for the electric sector by 2040”

• Provide recommendations on a Thermal Renewable Portfolio Standard

• Offshore Wind Procurement

9


EV Roadmap

The EV Roadmap is anticipated to identify Connecticut-specific policies, programs, and strategies that the State of Connecticut should pursue to optimize deployment of electric vehicles (EVs) and associated infrastructure.

Technical Meeting and Public Comment Session: A Technical Meeting will be held at 1:00 P.M. on November 8, 2019

10

https://www.ct.gov/deep/cwp/view.asp?a=4423&Q=607428&deepNav_GID=2121


2018 C&LM Plan’s investments results


Heat Pump Pilot

• C&LM Plan already promote for electric heat

• This pilot will address those who heat with fuel oil or propane

• Goals - Install 100 units in buildings that heat with oil or propane with ducted or ductless heat pump systems.

• Explore and test several outreach and incentive strategies

• Integration of heat pump technology implemented to displace fuel oil or propane will maintain comfort and reduce energy use and heat costs when:– Hybrid operation of heat pumps the primary heating system

– Replacement of primary heating system with heat pump system


Taking Action: Controlling Future Demand

Active Demand Response Development• Connected Wi-Fi Thermostats and HVAC Systems• Window Air Conditioner (A/C) Controls• Battery Storage• Electric Vehicle Charger Control• Electric Water Heater Controls• Wi-Fi enabled Heat pump water heaters• Peak Time Rebate Program

ADR for Commercial & Industrial

• Utilize existing energy efficiency program delivery channels and measures

• HVAC controls, building and energy management systems, lighting controls, and others.

• Evaluate results• Different technologies• Different dispatch strategies


Connecticut’s Efficiency Benchmarked

• Connecticut is consistently in the top ten for the ACEEE State

energy efficiency

• This benchmarks the State against all others

• The ACEEE looks at six different components that contribute to

Energy Efficiency:

State Government

Buildings

CHP

Utilities

Transportation

Appliance Standards


Thank you!

Michael Li, Bureau Chief

Bureau of Energy and Technology Policy

CT Dept. of Energy and Environmental Protection

[email protected]

[email protected]



LED Lighting, Networked Controls, and Connected Services

Michael Doucette

Summary of Key Topics Market Potential

– In 2019 <45%-50% C&I adoption of LED; 25% kWh savings potential is controls

LED Controls– Need LED conversions “dimmable fixtures = controllable” (now, or at least later)

Workforce Development / Customer Education– Need workforce and customers to be comfortable with advanced controls

Evolving Standards– Need advanced controls/ LED products / LED components to work together, in

‘connected lighting’ of both energy and non-energy benefits and business models

Value Added from “Non Lighting” Services – “value add” using connected lighting, add-on devices, and remote data analytics

Beyond Buildings – Smart Cities (built upon Streetlight infrastructure)– “value add” using connected lighting, add-on devices, and remote data analytics

LED C&I Market Adoption

Source: DesignLights Consortium (DLC); Energy Savings Potential of DLC Commercial Lightingand Networked Lighting Controls ; July 2018

LED C&I Savings Potential

Source: DesignLights Consortium (DLC); Energy Savings Potential of DLC CommercialLighting and Networked Lighting Controls ; July 2018

LED C&I Savings Potential (Cumulative) - US

Source: DesignLights Consortium (DLC); Energy Savings Potential of DLC Commercial Lighting and Networked Lighting Controls ; July 2018

Networked Lighting Controls (NLC)

Few US Buildings (~ 3 - 5% or less) have and use NLC

NLC Control Variables and Strategies Include:– High End Trim or Task Tuning: maximum output is limited at install

– Personal Tuning: controlled by space occupants

– Daylight Harvesting: detect ambient light, control to a target light level

– Occupancy / (Vacancy): motion or IR heat to change state to on / (off)

– Time & Date Scheduling: tied to calendar/schedule of events/activities

NLC can integrate with BMS/EMS (basic functionality)

NLC Case Studies: https://www.designlights.org/lighting-controls/case-studies/

Adoption Challenges of Networked Lighting Controls (NLC)

1. Lack of Knowledge / Confidence

2. Installation & Commissioning Complexity

3. Cyber-Security Concerns

4. Component & System Compatibility

5. Evolving Standards (Interchangeable / Interoperable)

6. Non-Energy Value-Added Benefits via LED & NLC

* These numbered topics will be discussed / highlighted on subsequent slides

How and Where to Get NLC Installed & Working (*1, 2)

Understanding the right application– Customers need convincing; contractors need skills to do that

Installation and Commissioning Skills– Contractors need to know the benefits of NLC, and how to install and

commission NLC to actually work and deliver benefits

Workforce Development– Training in what NLC is and how to assess site application factors /

considerations– Case studies– Training customers and contractors in best practices; setup; commissioning

NLC Case Studies: https://www.designlights.org/lighting-controls/case-studies/

NLC Component & System Compatibility (*4, 5) Interoperability:

– Transmit, receive, interpret, react to data and/or power predictably and consistently function in a defined and appropriate manner

– Within system (among component switches, drivers, etc.)– Between systems (lighting, cloud, HVAC, BMS, API...)– New standards/protocols needed (slowly happening), and adopted in practice

Interchangeability:– Need standards for LED system components for use / replicability– New standards slowly evolving to help (e.g. “Zhaga”) to enable servicing

luminaires and replace components

Communication Protocols:– (Too?) Many are used, such as: WiFi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, EnOcean, DALI, DMX,

LonWorks , BACnet, MODbus , 0-10 VDC , proprietary (CREE does this)

Networked Lighting Controls (NLC) & Internet of Things (IoT) – Cyber Security Concerns (*3)

Information Technology departments have strict “cyber-security” requirements for new networked (“connected”) systems

– NLC System options: Use existing WiFi network, or their own WiFi, or Ethernet ; or Zigbee ; or Bluetooth Use cellular connections , or proprietary communication protocols

– IoT : NLC is just an isolated component of what is evolving into the IoT with… huge numbers of devices (billions) being networked and… interacting with many 3rd party data repositories and providers of analytics / applications

– Cyber Security: UL 2900-1 (network connectable products) / UL 2900-2 (industrial control systems) ISA / IEC 62443 (professional certifications) ISO 27001 (information security standard) NIST SP800-53r4 (fed. info. systems) ; NIST SP800-82r2 (ind. control systems)

“Silo” Systems: Basic Data for Building Operational Control

Lighting system controls, like building management systems (BMS/EMS), historically exist largely in “functional silos” with limited interaction

Data focused on basic building operations “statuses” for control; not “actionable information”– Lights “on/off” ; space occupancy ;space temperature

Generally, at most, only “need to know” basic building functional control integration between networked lighting controls & (BMS/EMS), such as via BACnet

“Connected” Systems: IoT and Actionable Analytics for Business Services

Raw data of “states and statuses” from building systems (e.g. BMS/EMS ; NLC) plus ‘non-building’ systems data (business systems), can be accessed to perform “actionable analytics”

“Value-added” applications using connected systems data analytics will be developed to focus on business services and solve problems

– Marketing; Sales; Space Configuration / Utilization; Safety / Security Video; Maintenance; Productivity

Gartner by 2020, 95% of electronics designs will have IoT elements

Business Insider by 2021 $6 Trillion invested in IoT by businesses

McKinsey by 2020 worldwide lighting IoT market $159 Billion

Non-Energy Value-Added Benefitsvia LED & NLC (*6)

Lighting is ideal “powered platform” : add-on other features (and support new business models & services)

“Non-energy” add-on features through NLC may be equally/more important than energy savings to customer

Economic payback may rely upon “non-energy” features customer wants/needs

Valued-Added Business Services Using Connected Lighting in Buildings (*6)

Space scheduling/ utilization (‘activity maps’)– Warehouse products – sensor activation frequency maps– Vacant “reserved / unavailable” conference rooms

Indoor positioning and “way-finding” (like indoor ‘GPS’)– ‘Opt-in’ WiFi / Bluetooth Beacons for navigating in airports, malls, hospitals

Asset tracking and management (located key items)– Wheelchair at airport; Resuscitative “crash cart” at hospital

Increased Retail Sales (opt-in)– Shoppers ‘opt-in’ tracking; target promotions; learn store navigation patterns

Smart Cities Urbanization (trending toward 50%~60% of world

population living in cities)– Urban areas have vast / wide streetlight coverage, and if these are network

connected ( ‘connected lighting’) to communicate, then add-on (“value-added”) services are possible

– Maintenance of connected lighting systems becomes more proactive, and essential, especially with add-on devices as the foundation of new services

Weather / Environmental / Urban Impacts (‘Outdoors’)– Parking, traffic, snow removal, public safety, air quality, weather– All of the above outdoor urban issues are opportunities for problem-solving add-

on “value added” services built upon connected lighting– Smart Cities: ubiquitous streetlighting infrastructure, with add-on devices and

remote data analytics yield insightful and actionable information from raw data

Services Using ‘Connected Lighting’ in Cities (*6)

Parking– Can implement parking pricing based on demand / availability; and notify drivers

about where parking is available, and at what cost

Public Works (Snow Removal, Obstruction Detection)– Sophisticated cameras and remote data analytics can learn to recognize:

Street obstructions (poles or trees down) Snowfall accumulation rate and total amounts

– Public works dispatch can be more effective to solve problems

Emergency Services / Public Health and Safety– Noise ‘gunshot’ detectors can be mounted on streetlights to aid police dispatch– Sensors for air contaminants; seismic activity; atmospheric conditions

Thank You! Questions?

Michael Doucette PE, LC, [email protected]

(203) 499-2764


Adoption of Heat Pump Technology and Integrated Controls

2019 Association of Energy Service ProfessionalsOctober 15, 2019

Recommendations from the Governor’s council on Climate Change – 12/18/18

Building a low carbon future for Connecticut

Achieving a 45% GHG reduction by 2030

2

Recommendations from the Governor’s council on Climate Change – 12/18/18

Accelerate adoption of building thermal energy conservation

improvements such as weatherization, efficient windows,

and efficient HVAC

4

Electric Heat Pump Technology Introduced in 1960Now in many types of heating equipment!

Weatherization Program

5

Connecticut utilizes a home weatherization program. Participation in Home Energy SolutionsSM is a requirement for the oil/propane homes ASHP pilot offer.

Existing Home Scenarios

Good Better BestAir Conditioning System

Heating System No A/C - No Planned Installation CAC Window A/C No A/C - Planned CAC

Installation

Hydronic Good Better Good Best

Hydro-air Good Better Better Best

Warm Air Good Better Better Best

ASHP Pilot Customer Home CriteriaFuel oil or propane is the primary heating fuelSingle-family HES/HES-Income Eligible participation prior; duplexes and other types are case by case review; no Multifamily 5+ applications Required: 2 years of prior fuel use documents Minimum ceiling insulation R value 30+ Envelope leakage rate of 1CFM50 per square foot of conditioned space Manual J (and D if ducted) design report Annual fuel use data post installation and survey response after 1 year ($50 customer

incentive) Installation Quote Ducted heat pumps require integrated controls

Recommended: All other appropriate add on measures (wall/basement ceiling insulation, etc.)

Air Source Heat Pump Pilot: Qualified Home

Step 1• Complete WX assessment where attic floor insulation >R-30, air leakage at <1CFM50 per SF heated space

and sealed ducts; enter heat pump recommendation in Mobile Tool

Step 2• Provide customer guidance on heat pump upgrade, typical operations, tested duct performance and total

energy use

Step 3• Provide an ASHP kit and assistance to complete Eligibility form; 2 years of oil/propane use, cost estimates

from 2-3 installers, Manual J and Manual D for ducted. Form submitted to Utility Company.

Step 4 • Utility approved Eligibility Form will be sent to customer with Rebate form. After install, the completed

rebate form and invoice copy are sent to EFI for payment processing

Step 5• Inspection and Evaluate Results: GDS will conduct final inspection, survey after the installation and a

reminder after 1 year to provide fuel use. Additional $50 customer rebate!

Air Source Heat Pump Pilot: Not Qualified

Step 1• Complete WX assessment where attic floor insulation < R-30 or air leakage at > 1CFM50 per SF of heated

space and/or the tested system flow or ducts require intervention

Step 2• Provide education and guidance with the qualified incentives for required and recommended upgrades

Step 3

• Documents: Provide an ASHP kit and assist the customer with an Eligibility form should they decide to move forward on upgrades.

• No need to send Eligibility form to utility until required upgrades are complete.

Step 4 • The Utility EEC/PA will be available to assist the customer with upgrade guidance. If the 2 requirements are

within ~ 10% and all efforts are exhausted, send to the utility for review.

Step 5• The customer may select a standard rebate path or continue through upgrade/s to the oil propane home

pilot rebate path.

Customer Education: ASHP Technology

▪ Heat pumps perform efficiently during most of the New England heating season

▪ An ASHP should be considered in every upgrade of an AC only system

▪ Focus for Pilot is adding HP to use with existing heating system

– Cold climate HPs exist though not the focus for this effort

Heat Pumps Work in Cold Weather

Customer Education: New Comfort▪ Heat pumps operate distributing air with a lower temperature

– Temperature just over body temp– Air feels cooler– Direction of air flow needs to be away from a sitting or sleep area

▪ Utilize integrated controls– Using preset outdoor air temperature shuts off HP and turns on existing heating equipment– A second stage indoor setpoint may also start the backup system for space comfort

▪ Defrost cycle – Rush of vapor– Noise at the outside unit– Potential short burst of cold air inside

Daily temperature setback in winter does not save energy

Daily temperature setup in summer also does not save energy

Integrated controls make the process automated

Wi-Fi control will assist the program with real time data

Customer Education: New Comfort

ENERGY STAR® Heat Pump Equipment Qualifications

ENERGY STAR-certified AHRI Air Source Heat Pump Split Ducted Systems with Integrated Control

16 SEER/12.5 EER/10 HSPF

ENERGY STAR-certified AHRI Rated Ductless Heating and Cooling System of Matched Assembly Single Indoor Unit


ENERGY STAR-certified AHRI Rated Ductless Heating and Cooling System of Matched Assembly Multi-Indoor Unit


*Note that some ENERGY STAR criteria can only be met with advanced fan systems requiring an upgrade of warm air furnaces at the same event

Integrated Controls listing created by Northeast Energy Efficiency Partners (NEEP)

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Integrated controls will see the conditions, operate without customer handling and operate the equipment to meet the space setting including:

• Outdoor temperature• Indoor temperature/humidity• Changeover to backup fuel

temperature• Manufacturers’ low limit

Manufactures’ Integrated Control Example

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An evaluation will be conducted

- Actual fuel use

- Customer satisfaction

Site Inspection

Questionnaire after install

- Installation experience

- Comfort levels

Fuel use needed after 1 year of operation

Last Step: Evaluation

THANK YOU

Mark Foley Eversource:[email protected]

Lawrence Rush United Illuminating/ Avangrid:[email protected]

Equipment & Systems Performance OptimizationMaryette Haggerty Perrault

Active Demand ResponseJoana Abreu

The Intersection of EE & DR at Eversource

Introduction to ESPO

Enables commercial & industrial customers of all sizes to improve the control of their building & process systems through… – Retro-Commissioning (RCx)– Monitoring Based Commissioning (MBCx)– Improved Operations & Maintenance (O+M)

Statewide retrofit implementation program to tune or repair controls already in place– Not intended for installation of NEW controls or points

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Market Need for Controls Optimization

Enables Total Building Performance– Use existing equipment more efficiently

Reduces: – Energy consumption & emissions– Energy costs– Emergency maintenance

Improves:– Occupant Comfort– Production Quality/Throughput– Worker Satisfaction/Retention

3

Design Considerations

Why the new Program?– 3 Year Plan emphasizes need to: Increase participation & focus on controls

Prepare the Workforce to go beyond lighting

Aggressively expand savings

– Themes from Feedback Solicitation: One size DOESN’T fit all

Unclear technical requirements in application

Support for the Tuning Investigation! – Back-ending support not enough

4

ESPO Program Overview

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Low Cost Tuning Measures

Targeted Systems Tuning

Whole Building & Process Tuning

Monitoring Based Commissioning

Low Cost Tuning Measures Track

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Isolated Tuning Measures

Prescriptively Incentivized

Typical RCx Measures

No Energy Calculations Needed

Targeted Systems and Whole Building & Process Tuning Tracks

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System Specific or Holistic RCx

Custom Approach to RCx

Energy Calculations Necessary

Tuning Investigation Funds*

Monitoring Based Commissioning Track

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Monitoring Based Commissioning

Pay for Performance Model

Analytics-based MBCx

Continuous Optimization

Building Controls Nexus: DR & EE

Controls Optimization

Active Demand Response

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Boiler Monitoring and Control

Electrical HVAC Scheduling

and Setpoint Control

Machine Monitoring and Control

Modeling ElectricUsage

Active Demand Response

Electrical shaping based on customer

priorities

Utility Request

Control Optimization and Monitoring

Internet of Buildings

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Program Goals

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Benefits for the system– Avoided capacity costs – Avoided energy costs

Program Goals

Benefits for Eversource’s ratepayers – Green house gases emission reduction

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Program Goals

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Benefits for Eversource’s ratepayers – (When applicable) Demand Charge Reduction – ICAP tag

How do C&I Buildings Participate?

Targeted Dispatch Daily Dispatch Winter Dispatch• Temperature

setback• VFD speed

limiting• Early setback• Process Changes• Lighting• Generators• CHP• Battery Storage

• Battery Storage • Snowmaking• Industrial

Processes• Generators• CHP• Discretionary

Loads

Eversource offers a technology agnostic “Curtailment” Incentive Higher levels of incentive for storage participation

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Shifting

Reducing or increasing demand to mitigate unpredictable short term fluctuations

Pre-planned shifting activities, to move electrical consumption away from peaks

Turning off appliances with short term warning

e.g. reducing the temperature setting of a thermostat by 3ºF

e.g.: Pre-heating or pre-cooling; shifting processes

e.g.: Turning off equipment or circuits

High

Low

Freq

uenc

y of

eve

nts

Shedding or balancing

Shaping /Curtailment

Load Response Type of response How?

Maximizing the Potential DR Benefits

High impact

Low impact

Impa

ct o

n cu

stom

ers

C&I Program Offerings

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ProgramParametersTargeted DispatchTechnology agnostic

• $35 / average kW• Pay for performance • 1 June – 30 Sep.• Up to 8 events per season• Day ahead notification

• $25 / kW-Season • Pay for performance • 1 Dec – March 31• Up to 5 events per season • Day ahead notification

Storage Targeted dispatch

• $100 / average kW • Pay for performance • 1 June – 30 Sep. • Up to 8 events per season• Day ahead notification

• $50 / average kW • Pay for performance • 1 Dec – 31 March • Up to 5 events per season• Day ahead notification

Storage Daily dispatch

• $200 / average kW• Pay for performance • 1 June – 30 Sep. • Dispatch up to 60 times over

the season; Dispatch window• Day ahead notification if

dispatch window needs to be changed

SMB (and RESI) – Other Options to Participate!

ProgramParameters

Devices

Thermostat • Targeted Summer Dispatch• All major OEM’s available• $25 for signing up• $20 per year for

participation

Battery • Daily Summer & Targeted Winter Dispatch

• Limited to participating OEM’s

• $225/kW-summer • $50/kW-winter

Electric VehicleCharging

• Targeted Summer & Targeted Winter Dispatch

• ChargePoint WiFi Devices• Up to $300 / Charger

Other IoT • Heat Pump Water Heaters • Window AC

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Wifi Thermostat BMS Programmed Load Shedding

Low Cost Tuning Measures

Targeted Systems & Whole Building/Process

Tuning

Control-enabled EE & DR for C&I

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Building Controls Nexus: DR & EE

Small Business Large C&I

ADR

ESPO

[email protected]@eversource.com

Questions?Thank you!

