Building Institutional Capacity in the Science-Policy Interface for Regional Worldwide Air

Quality Management

Building Institutional Capacity in the Science-Policy Interface for Regional Worldwide Air

Quality Management

Lars NordbergAdviser on International Legislation on Air Pollution

Stockholm, Sweden

Lars NordbergAdviser on International Legislation on Air Pollution

Stockholm, Sweden

Better Air Quality in Asian and Pacific Rim Cities, Hong Kong

16-18 December 2002

CONVENTION ON LONG-RANGE TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION

CONVENTION ON LONG-RANGE TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION

• Lays down the general principles of cooperation for air pollution abatement

• Sets up an institutional framework for collaborative research and exchange of information

• Provides a framework for specific policy measures (using science – effects-based approaches)

• Lays down the general principles of cooperation for air pollution abatement

• Sets up an institutional framework for collaborative research and exchange of information

• Provides a framework for specific policy measures (using science – effects-based approaches)

CONVENTION ON LONG-RANGE TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION

CONVENTION ON LONG-RANGE TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION

Artic Ocean

Atlantic Ocean

Pacific Ocean

Slovenia

Hungary

Slovakia

Poland

Lithuania

Latvia

Estonia

Finland

Sweden

Georgia

Norway

Belarus

Czech Rep. Ukraine

Denmark

Moldova

Germany

Yugoslavia

Austria

Bulgaria

Liechtenstein

Turkey

Italy

Monaco

Cyprus

Switzerland

Malta

Netherlands

Greece

Belgium

F.Y.R.ofMacedonia

Luxembourg

Albania

France

Bosnia andHerzegovina

Spain

Croatia

Portugal

IrelandUnited Kingdom

Romania

Russian Federation

Iceland

Kara SeaBarents Sea

North Sea

Atlantic Ocean

Mediterranean Sea

Black Sea Caspian Sea

Aral Sea

Canada

of America

Kyrgyzstan

Kazakhstan

AzerbaijanArmenia

CONVENTION ON LONG-RANGE TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION

CONVENTION ON LONG-RANGE TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION

Implementation CommitteeImplementation Committee

Working Group on Strategies and ReviewWorking Group on Strategies and Review

Working Group on EffectsWorking Group on Effects

EMEP Steering BodyEMEP Steering Body

Expert Groups

Task Forces

International Cooperative Programmes

Expert Groups

Task Forces

International Cooperative Programmes

Gothen-burg 1999

Protocol to Abate Acidification, Eutrophication and Ground-level Ozone

31 Signatories Effects-based emission ceilings (sulphur, NOx, VOCs, ammonia), mandatory limit values for major sources

Effects-based ProtocolsEffects-based Protocols

Oslo

1994

2nd Sulphur Protocol

25 Parties Effects-based emission ceilings (acidification), mandatory limit values for major sources

The model: RAINSdeveloped by IIASA (Atmos data: EMEP, Impact data: RIVM-CCE)

Energy/agriculture projections

Emissions

Emission control options

Atmospheric dispersion

Environmental impactsEnvironmental targets

Costs OPTIMIZATION

Source: IIASA

Environmental impacts% Ecosystems not protected against acidification

1990 G5/2 - 2010

10 1 2 14 16 18 20 2 2 24 26 2 8 30 32 3 4 36 38

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

26

28

30

32

34

36

0 .0

0 .0

1 .0

5 .0

10 .0

25 .0

50 .0

100 .0

U n it: %

Source: IIASA

Averages for S-and N-deposition at 7 stations in southern Norway

Averages for S-and N-deposition at 7 stations in southern Norway

0

20

40

60

80

19

74

19

76

19

78

19

80

19

82

19

84

19

86

19

88

19

90

19

92

19

94

19

96

19

98

20

00

20

02

20

04

20

06

20

08

20

10

Oslo

Oslo

Gothenburg

Gothenburg

Nitrogen

Sulphur

Data: NILU

µeq/l

Average deposition for 7 stations in southern Norway

NIVA

The Progression of Sulphur Emissions in Different Regions

The Progression of Nitrogen Oxide Emissions in Different Regions

RAPIDC Approach

RAPIDC: Aims and Structure

International Union of Air Pollution Prevention and Environmental

Protection Associations (IUAPPA)

International Union of Air Pollution Prevention and Environmental

Protection Associations (IUAPPA)

Resolution on worldwide action on long-range transport of air pollution Resolution on worldwide action on long-range transport of air pollution

Catalyst for regional initiatives

ConclusionsConclusions

• Need for worldwide action on air pollution

• Regional approaches for capacity building

• Intergovernmental actors for cooperation

• Science/policy interface

• Driving forces

• Need for worldwide action on air pollution

• Regional approaches for capacity building

• Intergovernmental actors for cooperation

• Science/policy interface

• Driving forces