building integrated social security/protection in tanzania international social protection...
TRANSCRIPT
The protection measures which society provides for its members-through a series of public measures against economic and social distress-caused by stoppages or substantial reduction of earnings-resulting from sickness, maternity, employment injury, unemployment, disability, old age, death, provision of medical subsidies for families with children.
Building Integrated Social Security/Protection in Tanzania
International Social Protection Conference, 15th – 17th December ,2014; Arusha
Irene C. Isaka, Director
General
Structure of the presentation
1. Adopted Definition of Social Protection2. Structure of Social Security System of Tanzania3. Intruments for implementation4. Extension Strategy5. Key Actors6. The role of Government, Stakeholders and
Public7. The way Forward
•The protection measures which society provides for its members, through a series of public programmes against economic and social insecurities that would otherwise be caused by the stoppages or substantial reduction of earnings resulting from sickness, maternity, employment injury, unemployment, disability, old age, death, the provision of medical care subsidies for families with children.
Definition of Social
Security /Protect
ion
Structure of Social Security in Tanzania (SSP 2003)
1
This constitutes provision of services such as primary health; primary education, water, food security and other services on a
means tested basis. These services are usually financed by
the government and Non Governmental Organisations
(NGOs.)
2
These are usually compulsory and contributory schemes financed by
both employer and employee during the working life for terminal
and short-term benefits.
3
The schemes under this tier include personal savings, co-operative and
credit societies, occupational pensions schemes and private
schemes; managed by employers, professional bodies, community based organizations and other private sector actors.
Building Sustainable Social Protection System
• Progressive realization of higher level of protection
Voluntary insurance
Mandatory social insurance/social security benefits of guaranteed levels for contributors
THE FLOOR: Four essential guarantees Access to essential health care for all
income security assistance income securitychildren unemployed and poor elderly and disabled
Guiding principles• Equality national and non
nationals men& women• Solidarity –individual right
to social security protection for all human beings
• Compulsory affiliation(compulsory vs voluntary coverage)
• General responsibility of the state derived from human nature of ss &democratic management-financing through contributions
Solidarity • Applies to financing
techniques irrespective of the approach (full, partial, pay-as-you go, taxation or combination of those).
• Collective financing is indispensable to ensure that the most vulnerable categories enjoy real access to social protection they require
Policy framework for adequate social security/protection for all–Universality – formal and informal sector
should be provided with an opportunity to participate in social security schemes –Progressiveness - provision of basic
benefit package should progressively be improved as national resources allows–Pluralism –Outcome focus
General government
User fees
Financing Mode;Financing principles with institutional implications
incomeLow High
Vertical Cross-
subsidy
Low
High General tax
Earmarked tax
Mandatory insurance
Private insurance
INCREASING willingness to pay
DEC
REAS
ING
w
illin
gnes
s to
pay
Public entity Regulated Private agent
Delivery mechanisms
Tier/pillar 1 Tier/pillar 2 Tier/pillar 3
Protection of members rights• Benefits and poverty protection as a right:
Entitlements to benefits should be specified in a precise manner so as to represent predictable rights of residents and/or contributors; - the role of SSRA in setting minimum benefit package
• Collective “actuarial equivalence” of contributions and benefit levels: The benefits to be received by scheme members should represent both a minimum benefit replacement rate and a minimum rate of return in case of savings schemes, which in turn must adequately reflect the overall level of the contributions paid; such minimum levels should be effectively guaranteed, preferably by the State.
Protection of members rights
• Sound financing: Schemes should be financed in such a manner as to ensure to the furthest extent possible their long-term financial viability and sustainability, having regard to the maintenance of adequate fiscal space for the national social security systems as a whole and individual schemes in particular.
• Responsibility for governance: The Government should remain the ultimate guarantor of social security rights, while the financiers/contributors and beneficiaries should participate in the governance of schemes and programmes.
Main Instruments to implement the Social Security policy in Tanzania
The National Social Protection Policies
– e.g. Social Security, Children, Elderly, Disability,
Health and Education Policy.
Instruments for Income Security is
mandated to Social Security
(Regulatory Authority) Act no 8
of 2008 as amended
Social Security/Protection Reform Program
With focus of Extending
Coverage to Non Covered
Populations
Extension for Social Security
Coverage Strategy and
Communication Strategy
Extension Strategy
Objective of the Strategy:
Extending social security provisions to reach all Tanzanians;Creating an environment where every Tanzanian will be able to access social security services;Increasing scope and adequacy of benefits that will be available; andIncreasing knowledge and general awareness of Tanzanians on the issues of social security including their rights and obligations
Key actorsGovernment Ministries including Local Government(PO, PMO, MoLE, MoF, MoHSW, PMORLAG and MoET)
Institutions, Departments, Schemes and Programmes (Social Walfare, TASAF, NSSF, PPF, CHF, NHIF, PSPF, LAPF and GEPF
Non Governmental Organisations Local and International
International Community and Development Partiners
Workers, employers and Beneficiaries
GOVERNANCE HIGH LEVEL
Ministry responsible for Social Security
SSRA
Scheme trustees
Scheme management
Ministry responsible for
scheme
Registration, Issuance of guidelines, inspection& supervision
Translation of legislation, strategic planning, approval of internal policies
Implementation of policies, guidelines and strategic plan
Appointment of trustees, performance oversight
Legislation, policy formulation, issuance of regulations and orders
The Role of Government
Policy
Primary responcibility to ensure access to
social security to all Citizens
Appropriate Policy, legal and institutional
FrameworkPolicy coherence with
other development policies
Consultation with Stakeholders
Financing
Ensuring the Financial, Fiscal and economic Sustainability
Appropriate Financing Mechanisms
Consultation with Stakeholders to ensure
economic and social adequacy in public and
private schemes
Governance
Monitoring and Evaluating the
System
Work closely with stakeholders, promote their participation to
ensure good governence principles are applied all
the time
The role of Stakeholders (Social Partners)
• Building Public Support• Actively Participate in Social Protection Process• Contributiong to inovative solutions to address
economic shocks and vulnerabilities specific to the nation as part of development process.
• Actively participate in the governence of the social security/protection schemes and programmes both for contributory and non contributory schemes
The role of Development partners and International Community
Experience Sharing =
Facilitate the exchange of
Information and Experience from
different countries and societies
Support the development of macroeconomic
frameworks and Policies = formulation,
implementation and monitoring of the national
policies
Where relevant and necessary provide
financial support to put in place social protection
system with gradual phasing out for
government to take the responsibility
Role of MOLE is to blend these societal groups for better SS System
MOLE is Mandated to Blend this up in building sustainable social security system
for all Tanzanians
Political buy in – to make rules
and regulations for the system
Government involvement –financing the system
Members of Public:
Tax/contribution acceptance
for public participation in
the system
The way forward
Continual to Implent the Social Security Policy and Reform Programme through the
• Extesion of Coveragy Strategy • Continuoe to work on the legal framework for
better participation and benefit of the population• Schemes for Informal sector including non-
contributory schemes targeting the most vulnerable groups (The Elderly, Children and Poor families)
THANKS FOR YOUR KIND ATTENTION
Social Security/protection for all