building materials as geologic samples thursdays for teachers september 24, 2009
TRANSCRIPT
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Building materials as geologic samples
Thursdays for TeachersSeptember 24, 2009
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The earth’s recycling system
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Rocks related to other rocksRelated by processesThere is a cyclicity of earth processesProduct of our dynamic planet
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magma
molten rock
igneous rock
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Form from cooling and crystallization of magma (molten rock)
Liquid -> solidAtoms, ions, ionic complexesWith cooling, movement slowsAligned, orderedForm minerals
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Igneous rocks (as well as other rock types) can be uplifted and exposed at the earth’s surface
Subject to atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere
Break down - weatheringSolid rock -> small particles & dissolved
material
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magma
molten rock
igneous rock
uplift &weathering
cooling & crystallization
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Dissolution of the mineral calcite
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magma
molten rock
igneous rock
uplift &weathering
cooling & crystallization
sediment
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Transported by water, wind, ice, gravityDeposited in different environmentsWeight of overlying sediment compresses
sediments belowCompaction of grains, expulsion of waterVoids filled with minerals (cement)Forms sedimentary rocks
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magma
molten rock
igneous rock
uplift &weathering
cooling & crystallization
sedimentsedimentary
rock
transportation,deposition, &cementation
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Continued burial, pressure & temperature rise
Chemical reactions occur (minerals out of stability fields)
Create new minerals and texturesMetamorphism (change)
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magma
molten rock
igneous rock
uplift &weathering
cooling & crystallization
sedimentsedimentary
rock
transportation,deposition, &cementation
metamorphic rock
increased T & Pmetamorphism
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igneousmetamorphic
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magma
molten rock
igneous rock
uplift &weathering
cooling & crystallization
sedimentsedimentary
rock
transportation,deposition, &cementation
metamorphic rock
increased T & Pmetamorphism
melting
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Can you think of any modifications we should make to the rock cycle to make it more realistic?
i.e. do all metamorphic rocks melt?do all sedimentary rocks become
metamorphic rocks?How can the rock cycle link to the water
cycle or the tectonic cycle?
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magma
molten rock
igneous rock
uplift &weathering
cooling & crystallization
sedimentsedimentary
rock
transportation,deposition, &cementation
metamorphic rock
increased T & Pmetamorphism
melting
shortcuts
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Look for different rock types in the museum
Think about how you could use your school or nearby buildings