Building of Sustainable Building of Sustainable Energy System in Ukraine Energy System in Ukraine (acitivities and prospects)

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Prakhovnyk A.V., Inshekov E. N. Prakhovnyk A.V., Inshekov E. N. Institute for Energy Saving and Energy Management Institute for Energy Saving and Energy Management

NTUU “KPI” NTUU “KPI”

“International Black Sea Energy Policy Conference – Energy Investments and Trade

Opportunities”, October 8-9, 2008, Athens

Content:Content:

• IntroductionIntroduction• Creating a Smart distribution systemCreating a Smart distribution system• DevelopmentDevelopment of the Distributed Generation (DG) of the Distributed Generation (DG)

& & Low Carbon energy technologyLow Carbon energy technology• Development Development & Accelerate the penetration of & Accelerate the penetration of

DG with theDG with the Renewable Energy Sources (RES)Renewable Energy Sources (RES)• Creating a Creating a Eco – Eco – SmartSmartBuildingsBuildings• Barriers on the way to the energy efficiencyBarriers on the way to the energy efficiency

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Geo-situation of Ukraine, Geo-situation of Ukraine, base Statistic Indicatorsbase Statistic Indicators

Territory (mln km2) - 603.50Population (mln) - 46.20GDP (billion 2000 US$) - 45.24GDP (PPP) (billion 2000 US$) - 286.82TPES (Mtoe) - 143.24TPES/Population (toe/capita) - 3.04TPES/GDP (toe/thousand - 2000US$) - 3.17TPES/GDP (PPP) (toe/thousand) - 0.50Electricity Consumption (TWh) -152.21Electricity Consumption/Population (kWh/capita) - 3248Energy Production (Mtoe) - 80.98 Net Imports (Mtoe) - 59.70CO2 Emissions (Mt of CO2) - 296.82CO2/TPES (t CO2/toe) - 2.07CO2/Population (t CO2/capita) - 6.30CO2/GDP (kg CO2/2000 US$) - 6.56CO2/GDP (PPP) (kg CO2) - 1.03

Energy system of UkraineEnergy system of Ukraine

• Electric Power IndustryElectric Power Industry (incl. (incl. Nuclear Power)Nuclear Power)

• HeatingHeating IndustryIndustry ( (Production of Production of thermal powerthermal power))

• Coal IndustryCoal Industry • Oil & Gas Production ComplexOil & Gas Production Complex • Oil & Gas Transportation SystemOil & Gas Transportation System • New Generation – Energy Saving !New Generation – Energy Saving !

Electricity Generation Electricity Generation at TPP, NPP and HPPat TPP, NPP and HPP

0

150

300

1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

АЭС* ГЭС и другие ТЭС

bln.

kW

h

92,7

18,3

84,2

NPP HPP and other TPP

25,8

4,9

23,5

0,0

60,0

1st quarter 2008.

Ukraine in European Gas MarketUkraine in European Gas Market

Ukrainian Oil Transportation Ukrainian Oil Transportation System Current State and System Current State and

DevelopmentDevelopment

Driving forces for sustainable energy Driving forces for sustainable energy development in Ukrainedevelopment in Ukraine

1. Permanent growth of traditional energy prices. 2. Possibility to increase energy independence. 3. Possibility to develop local economy (money

does not go to the oil and gas exporting countries but remains in the region).

4. Growing possibilities for biomass export. 5. Kyoto Protocol process with CO2 emission

reduction request and possibilities of CO2 credits.

6. Permanent strengthening of ecological norms.7. Possibility to reduce unemployment.

SustainableSustainable energyenergy policypolicy - - the way the way to the to the sustainablesustainable development of development of

economyeconomy

reliability and security

economic availability ecological favorableness

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Sustainable energy development

Smart Grids technology &Distribution

system

1.Development & impact of DG -LC energy technology

2. Accelerate thepenetration of DG-RES energy technology

3. Improvement traditional energy technology

4. Improve energy efficiency

- Efficient energy use;

- Eco – SmartBuildings.

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Smart distribution system (1)Smart distribution system (1)

Adapting the Adapting the Ukrainian Ukrainian energy system energy system into a into a distribution systemdistribution system, based on a , based on a diverse mix: diverse mix:

• of of DG-LC & DG-RES DG-LC & DG-RES energy sources for energy sources for market electricity; market electricity;

• heating and cooling; heating and cooling; • energy efficiency; energy efficiency; • storage options. storage options.

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Smart distribution system (2)Smart distribution system (2)

• The impact:The impact:

- supply sidesupply side, the technology and , the technology and infrastructure developments;infrastructure developments;

- demand sidedemand side influences should be assessed influences should be assessed by refining, up-dating, specifying and by refining, up-dating, specifying and extending energy technology models, by extending energy technology models, by including energy efficiency and savings and including energy efficiency and savings and renewable energy aspects.renewable energy aspects.

Distributed Generation (DG)Distributed Generation (DG)

• Basis electric energy regime.Basis electric energy regime. • ССo-generation. o-generation. • A maximal loadingA maximal loading regime. regime. • Providing of more high level of reliability of the Providing of more high level of reliability of the

electric systemelectric system and quality of electric powerand quality of electric power..• Compensation of insufficient carrying capacity of Compensation of insufficient carrying capacity of

transmissions & distribution lines. transmissions & distribution lines. • Generation of auxiliary power.Generation of auxiliary power. • Control of reactive power and correction of Control of reactive power and correction of

voltage level.voltage level.

The Smart GridThe Smart Grid

• The Smart Grid is intelligent The Smart Grid is intelligent infrastructure that accommodates a infrastructure that accommodates a multitude of energy services, multitude of energy services, markets, integrated DG and control markets, integrated DG and control programs. programs.

• The Smart Grid is dependent on The Smart Grid is dependent on security, quality, reliability and security, quality, reliability and availability. availability.

There are several key smart There are several key smart distribution networkdistribution network

• automated metering (intelligent metering automated metering (intelligent metering system and data management);system and data management);

• distribution and outage management;distribution and outage management;

• distribution and substation automation;distribution and substation automation;

• simulation and optimization;simulation and optimization;

• enterprise business intelligence.enterprise business intelligence.

ENERGY EFFICIENCYENERGY EFFICIENCY

INTELLECTUALITYINTELLECTUALITY ECOLOGICAL ECOLOGICAL COMPATIBILITYCOMPATIBILITY

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Design and planning of the Eco – SmartBuildings include:

• construction phase of the building & microclimate;

• technologies of rationalising use and storage of energy;

• integration of different energy efficient DG-LC technologies;

• self-supply from DG - RES; • development of a methodology for monitoring

and intelligent control of the expected impacts, using of models for the assessment of the overall energy performance.

Eco – SmartBuildings is expected is expected to integrate the 5 subsystemsto integrate the 5 subsystems::

of microclimate support

of water supply

of energy

consumption of energy supply

intellectual subsystem of control and management

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Eco – SmartBuildings project project

Трансформатор теплотиПаливна комірка

Сонячний колектор

Сонячна батарея

Варіанти теплоакумулюючого

електроопалення

Акумуляційний бак для ГВС

H2

H2

Механічна роботавід вітряка

(підкачка води)

Накопичувач-перетворювач електроенергії

~ -

~

Вітроагрегат

Електопостачання(резерв)

Solar collector

Solar battery

Wind turbine

Electric power supply

(reserve)

Mechanical work from the wind turbine

Accumulator of electric power

Full cell

Accumulative tank

Variants of heat-

accumulating resistance heating

Heat pump

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Barriers on the way to the energy efficiency Barriers on the way to the energy efficiency and sustainable energyand sustainable energy

• FinancialFinancial Are often mentioned while discussing energy saving problemsAre often mentioned while discussing energy saving problems

• SocialSocialConnected with the level of education, information providing and mentalityConnected with the level of education, information providing and mentality

• ManufacturingManufacturingFor an industry the energy efficiency often isn’t esteemed as the relevant For an industry the energy efficiency often isn’t esteemed as the relevant part of business. Management body doesn’t pay attention to energy part of business. Management body doesn’t pay attention to energy efficiency but to own manufacturing specific problems.efficiency but to own manufacturing specific problems.

• Management - organizationalManagement - organizationalAre basically connected with the relics of a command- administrative Are basically connected with the relics of a command- administrative management system management system

• Legal Legal As the law “About energy saving” has no "direct acting" (it isn’t of a direct As the law “About energy saving” has no "direct acting" (it isn’t of a direct administrative executing)administrative executing)

• MarketMarketThe implementation of market transformations does not respond to the The implementation of market transformations does not respond to the modern requirementsmodern requirements

• Classes of the barriers (obstacles) Classes of the barriers (obstacles) on the way to the sustainable on the way to the sustainable energy development:energy development:Technical (environmental and economical)Technical (environmental and economical)Social (mentality, education, training)Social (mentality, education, training)Managerial – institutionalManagerial – institutional

• Way to overcome institutional Way to overcome institutional barriersbarriersBuild hierarchic energy management system Build hierarchic energy management system

(EMS)(EMS)

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Barriers for sustainable energy Barriers for sustainable energy developmentdevelopment

Hierarchy of Energy ManagementHierarchy of Energy Management

Energy Management

Lev

els,

Tar

get

obje

cts

Mac

ro l

evel

Mic

ro l

evel

International level

State / Country

Branch

Region (Oblast)

City (district)

Company / Enterprise

Service

Administrative building

Private sector / Family

Man

agem

ent

Tec

hn

olog

y

Kn

owle

ge, s

kil

ls, e

xpie

rien

ce

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System strategy for building System strategy for building sustainable energy systemsustainable energy system

• Reliability Reliability It is necessary to apply the most effective means to provide It is necessary to apply the most effective means to provide reliability (along with continuity) of energy supplying.reliability (along with continuity) of energy supplying.

• Prices and tariffs policyPrices and tariffs policyThe rules and mechanisms of the prices on electrical energy fixing The rules and mechanisms of the prices on electrical energy fixing should ensure a correctness and transparency of pricing both for should ensure a correctness and transparency of pricing both for the sellers and for energy customers; they should be effective. the sellers and for energy customers; they should be effective. And new normative acts should be introduced.And new normative acts should be introduced.

• Legislation and normative baseLegislation and normative baseFor energy policy is it relevant to accept new and to modify and make For energy policy is it relevant to accept new and to modify and make additions to the existing laws and normative acts of Ukraineadditions to the existing laws and normative acts of Ukraine

• Energy use efficiencyEnergy use efficiencyThe increase of the energy use efficiency will promote the increase of The increase of the energy use efficiency will promote the increase of the energy supplying reliabilitythe energy supplying reliability..

• Environmental protection and climate change mitigationEnvironmental protection and climate change mitigation

Thank you for attention!Thank you for attention!

Institute for Energy Saving and Energy ManagementInstitute for Energy Saving and Energy Management NTUU “KPI”,NTUU “KPI”,

Ukraine, 03056, Kiev, Borschagovska 115, Ukraine, 03056, Kiev, Borschagovska 115, ph. 2417037, fax 2417038,ph. 2417037, fax 2417038,

eni@tcem.ntu-kpi.kiev.ua eni@tcem.ntu-kpi.kiev.ua avp@tcem.ntu-kpi.kiev.ua avp@tcem.ntu-kpi.kiev.ua

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