building on a tradition of excellence
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BUILDING ON A TRADITION OF EXCELLENCE. CHAPER TWO. Learning from the past Progress ~ Spurts ~ Setbacks… What does this painting tell you about children?. Changing Views of Childhood. Miniature Adults Need of Redemption Blank Slates – John Locke Innocents - Rousseau Economic Value - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
BUILDING ON A TRADITION OF EXCELLENCE
CHAPER TWO
Learning from the pastProgress ~ Spurts ~ Setbacks…
What does this painting tell you about children?
Changing Views of ChildhoodMiniature AdultsNeed of RedemptionBlank Slates – John
LockeInnocents -
RousseauEconomic ValueCompetent ChildCitizen with RightsProduct of your own
History
Current practice strongly reflects early influences
John Amos Comenisu ~ Johann Pestolozzi ~ Friedrich Froebel ~
Maria Montessori
European Influences
John Amos ComeniusCzech 1592-1670; Minister with his own schoolThree Key Ideas
Change from punitive to making learning easier, deeper and more pleasant
Teacher engage children with nature; follow the child
Children should learn their own language, not Latin
Orbis Pictus – first children’s picture bookLearn through senses; need to be active;
developmental stages; child-centered
Kindergarten Movement
Kindergartens ~ Children’s GardenFirst K – Wisconsin 1856 – Margarethe
SchurzElizabeth Peabody- social reformer…first
English speaking KSusan Blow – expanded K and kept
Froebels vision First public KindergartenDefended Froebel’s ideasFormed the International Kindergarten Union
– became Association for Childhood Education International
John Dewey
Progressive Education
Based on the philosophy of studying and nurturing children’s
developmentPatti Smith Hill ~ Caroline Pratt ~
Lucy Sprague Mitchell
Nursery School Movement
McMillan Sisters ~ WPA ~ Lanham Act
Child Care Movement
Child Care: A different pathKindergarten & Preschool Child Care Movement
Child study; Middle class
children-choice; Education and
development focus;
$$ State monies
Social welfare effort for poor families;
Need to support working parents
Focus on physical care of children initially
$$ Federal child care funding – connected to public policy
Key People & EventsKey People: McMillan SistersWorks Progress Administration (WPA) 1930s
High unemployment rate (25%)WPA nurseries – opened 9-5; provided jobs and
supported families seeking work; rapid growth=often untrained staff
Lanham Act – World War II massive workshiftWork-site child care 10-12 hours per dayKaiser Shipbuilding – 24 hour nursery school – all
year longComprehensive services: Health services; nutritious meals
for children/mothers; parent education; play-based experiences; teacher training
African American Leaders
Equal Rights ~ Equal Education?1954 Brown vs Brown – desegregated schoolsEducation = AdvancementHBCU operated Teacher Education programs
and lab schoolsParralled current trends and influences in ECEMajor players in the development of ECE
professionEvangeline Ward – NAEYC Code of Ethics and
Child Development Associate (CDA) credentialingFoundation for a National Movement – Head Start
http://www.nhsa.org/
Head Start
Bringing the Stories Together1960s Civil Rights movement – President
Lyndon Johnson War on PovertyRepresents the coming together of Nursery
School movement and Child Care movement
Based on lesson learned from early child care history!
Head Start: Key ComponentsComprehensive Program
Serve the whole child; Multidisciplinary10% children with disabilities; early intervention
Educational ProgramBank Street model; Developmentally Appropriate
PracticeImprovement of teacher quality & compensation
Parent Involvement ProgramInvolved in classroom; involved in decision makingParents as teachers; increased professional
developmentNational Laboratory
Research; development of curriculum; teacher training models
Locally administered and controlledIntegrity and consistency – HS Performance Standards
Lessons LearnedCommon ThemesFundamental questions continue…Many ideas revisited…Emerging differences….
INTENTIONAL teachingDevelopment more than unfolding…
INTERACTIVEFLEXIBILITY in Standards and approaches
We are still changing!